Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter
In this work, we present the results of in-situ measurements of the characteristics of electromagnetic and plasma disturbances in the ionospheric region modified by high-power emission from the NWC transmitter, which were obtained using the onboard equipment of the French microsatellite DEMETER. It...
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
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| Cite this: | Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter / A.S. Belov, G.A. Markov, М. Parrot // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 1. — С. 105-107. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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irk-123456789-1092652016-11-23T03:02:38Z Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter Belov, A.S. Markov, G.A. Parrot, М. Космическая плазма In this work, we present the results of in-situ measurements of the characteristics of electromagnetic and plasma disturbances in the ionospheric region modified by high-power emission from the NWC transmitter, which were obtained using the onboard equipment of the French microsatellite DEMETER. It is shown that under the influence of VLF emissions from the ground-based transmitters, artificial plasma-wave channels with typical transverse scales of about 1000 km can be formed in the ionospheric plasma. Представлены результаты непосредственных (in-situ) измерений бортовой аппаратурой французского микроспутника DEMETER характеристик электромагнитных и плазменных возмущений в модифицированной мощным излучением передатчика NWC области ионосферы. Отмечено, что при воздействии ОНЧ-излучения наземных передатчиков в ионосферной плазме формируются искусственные плазменно-волновые каналы с характерным поперечным масштабом ~ 1000 км. Представлені результати безпосередніх (in-situ) вимірювань бортовою апаратурою французького мікросупутника DEMETER характеристик електромагнітних і плазмових збурень у модифікованій потужним випромінюванням передавача NWC області іоносфери. Відзначено, що при впливі ОНЧ- випромінювання наземних передавачів в іоносферній плазмі формуються штучні плазмово-хвильові канали з характерним поперечним масштабом ~ 1000 км. 2013 2013 Article Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter / A.S. Belov, G.A. Markov, М. Parrot // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 1. — С. 105-107. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.35.Mw, 94.20.wj, 94.20.Vv http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/109265 en Вопросы атомной науки и техники Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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Космическая плазма Космическая плазма |
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Космическая плазма Космическая плазма Belov, A.S. Markov, G.A. Parrot, М. Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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In this work, we present the results of in-situ measurements of the characteristics of electromagnetic and plasma disturbances in the ionospheric region modified by high-power emission from the NWC transmitter, which were obtained using the onboard equipment of the French microsatellite DEMETER. It is shown that under the influence of VLF emissions from the ground-based transmitters, artificial plasma-wave channels with typical transverse scales of about 1000 km can be formed in the ionospheric plasma. |
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Belov, A.S. Markov, G.A. Parrot, М. |
| author_facet |
Belov, A.S. Markov, G.A. Parrot, М. |
| author_sort |
Belov, A.S. |
| title |
Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter |
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Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter |
| title_full |
Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter |
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Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter |
| title_sort |
satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the nwc transmitter |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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2013 |
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Космическая плазма |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/109265 |
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Satellite observations of plasma-wave disturbances induced by high-power radio emission from the NWC transmitter / A.S. Belov, G.A. Markov, М. Parrot // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 1. — С. 105-107. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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2025-07-07T22:49:56Z |
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| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №1(83) 105
SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF PLASMA-WAVE DISTURBANCES
INDUCED BY HIGH-POWER RADIO EMISSION FROM THE NWC
TRANSMITTER
A.S. Belov1, G.A. Markov1, М. Parrot2
1N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, N. Novgorod, Russia;
2Environment Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Orléans, France
E-mail: alexis-belov@yandex.ru
In this work, we present the results of in-situ measurements of the characteristics of electromagnetic and plasma
disturbances in the ionospheric region modified by high-power emission from the NWC transmitter, which were
obtained using the onboard equipment of the French microsatellite DEMETER. It is shown that under the influence
of VLF emissions from the ground-based transmitters, artificial plasma-wave channels with typical transverse scales
of about 1000 km can be formed in the ionospheric plasma.
PACS: 52.35.Mw, 94.20.wj, 94.20.Vv
INTRODUCTION
It is known that radio emissions of operating VLF
transmitters can turbulize the illuminated region of the
ionosphere [1, 2].
Plasma-wave structures generated in the ionosphere
by VLF emissions from ground-based transmitters make
it possible to change the local ionosphere-
magnetosphere coupling and determine the radio
communication characteristics in this frequency range.
To study the characteristics of such induced plasma-
wave structures, the results of measurements of plasma
and electromagnetic-field parameters, which were
obtained using the onboard equipment of the
DEMETER satellite during its passage above a 1-MW
VLF transmitter NWC in 2004…2010, are analyzed in
this paper.
OBSERVATIONS
The NWC transmitter located at Northwest Cape,
Australia (21o49′ S, 114o10′ E) is one of the most
powerful communication transmitters in the world that
are currently in operation. The radiated power of this
transmitter is 1 МW and the operating frequency
ftr = 19,8 kHz.
Fig. 1 shows the representative DEMETER
observations of the parameters of electromagnetic and
plasma disturbances during the satellite passage over the
NWC transmitter from 14:43:00 to 15:17:30 UT on
September 22, 2006.
Fig. 1,a shows a 17-to-20 kHz spectrogram of the
electric-field component of VLF turbulence above
NWC, which was obtained by an ICE instrument of the
satellite. The NWC signal at 19,8 kHz is present at the
very top of the spectrogram. In addition, a band of
plasma waves can be seen. Fig. 1,b shows a spectrogram
of the magnetic-field component of VLF turbulence
observed by an IMSC instrument of DEMETER.
Figs. 1,c and 1,d show the local electron temperature
(Te) and density (Ne), respectively, which were
measured by the Langmuir probe instrument (ISL).
Fig. 1,e shows the number densities of primary ion
species observed by the IAP instrument.
The modified region is marked by the solid lines in
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Electromagnetic and plasma disturbances in the
ionospheric region modified by VLF emission from the
NWC transmitter
Significant changes in the electron density and
temperature (Ne decreases by ~ 50 % and Te increases
106 ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №1(83)
by~ 50 %), coincident with the localization zone in
which the intensity of the NWC signal was high, were
observed at the altitudes of the Earth’s outer ionosphere,
in the region of a disturbed magnetic flux tube. The
induced density disturbances were aligned with the
geomagnetic field, which allowed one to identify them
as artificial plasma-wave channels (density ducts) with
nonuniform (stratified) distribution of plasma density.
A typical transverse scale of the density duct along
the satellite trajectory is about 1000 km. In such an
artificial density duct, guided propagation of whistler-
mode waves at the NWC-signal frequency and
stimulated intense quasi-electrostatic (QE) waves are
observed.
Changes in the ion composition (enhanced density of
O+ species) were also observed in the ionospheric
region modified by VLF emission from the NWC
transmitter.
Fig. 2 shows the velocity of the ion flow during the
passage of the satellite on September 22, 2006.
Fig. 2. Velocity of the ion flow in the direction of the
geomagnetic field Bo
In the modified region, the direction of the ion-flow
velocity reverses its sign, and the upward flows are
observed. The stimulated changes in the ion flows
contribute to redistribution of the ion composition.
Disturbances induced by VLF high-power radio
emission extend along Bo into the region magnetically
conjugate with respect to the NWC transmitter [3].
Fig. 3 shows the DEMETER observations of the
parameters of electromagnetic and plasma disturbances
during the satellite passage over the NWC conjugate
region from 12:51:30 to 13:26:56 UT on February 3,
2009. The format of the figure is the same as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3,a shows a spectrogram of a component of the
observed electric field. The spectra include the NWC
signal and intense QE waves (Fig. 3,b shows no
discernible magnetic field for these waves).
Figs. 3,c,d show that there are no large disturbances
in Te and Ne over the region magnetically conjugate to
the NWC VLF transmitter.
This form of turbulence has been associated with
small-scale plasma density irregularities [4].
Fig. 3. Electromagnetic and plasma disturbances in the
NWC conjugate region
The satellite passages were selected from those
which were in the near vicinity of the modified (see
Fig. 1) or magnetically conjugate (see Fig. 3) region.
The trajectories of the DEMETER satellite are shown in
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Trajectories of the satellite on (1) September 22,
2006 and (2) February 3, 2009. The locations of the
NWC transmitter and the magnetically conjugate point
are indicated by the asterisks
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №1(83) 107
CONCLUSIONS
The presented results of in-situ measurements allow
us to conclude that ionospheric heating by powerful
VLF transmitters can lead to the formation of electron
and ion density disturbances that are aligned with the
geomagnetic field. Such density irregularities can serve
as ducts for low-frequency waves.
Since the plasma density distribution in the duct is
nonuniform and rapidly varying, the spectrum width of
quasi-electrostatic emissions excited via conversion of
whistler waves on these irregularities is noticeably
wider than the spectrum of the VLF transmitter signal.
In the modified region, the direction of the ion-flow
velocity reverses its sign, and the upward flows are
observed. As a result, the ion composition is
redistributed.
This work was supported by the Russian
Government (contract no. 11.G34.31.0048), the
program “Scientific and Educational Personnel of the
Innovative Russia” (contracts nos. P313 and
02.740.11.0565), and the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research (project no. 12-02-00747-а).
REFERENCES
1. M. Parrot, J.A. Sauvaud, et al. First in-situ
observations of strong ionospheric perturbations
generated by a powerful VLF ground-based transmitter//
Geophysical Research Letters. 2007, v. 34, L11111 1-6.
2. U.S. Inan, J.V. Rodriguez, et al. Ionospheric
modification with a VLF transmitter // Geophysical
Research Letters. 1992, v. 19, p. 2071-2074.
3. T.F. Bell, K. Graf, et al. DEMETER observations of
ionospheric heating by powerful VLF transmitters //
Geophysical Research Letters. 2011, v. 38, L11103 1-4.
4. J.C. Cerisier, J.J. Berthelier, C. Beghin. Unstable
density gradients in the high-latitude ionosphere //
Radio Science. 1985, v. 20, p. 755-761.
Article received 23.09.12
СПУТНИКОВЫЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ПЛАЗМЕННО-ВОЛНОВЫХ ВОЗМУЩЕНИЙ,
ИНДУЦИРОВАННЫХ МОЩНЫМ РАДИОИЗЛУЧЕНИЕМ ПЕРЕДАТЧИКА NWC
А.С. Белов, Г.А. Марков, М. Parrot
Представлены результаты непосредственных (in-situ) измерений бортовой аппаратурой французского
микроспутника DEMETER характеристик электромагнитных и плазменных возмущений в
модифицированной мощным излучением передатчика NWC области ионосферы. Отмечено, что при
воздействии ОНЧ-излучения наземных передатчиков в ионосферной плазме формируются искусственные
плазменно-волновые каналы с характерным поперечным масштабом ~ 1000 км.
СУПУТНИКОВІ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ ПЛАЗМОВО-ХВИЛЬОВИХ ЗБУРЕНЬ, ІНДУКОВАНИХ
ПОТУЖНИМ РАДІОВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯМ ПЕРЕДАВАЧА NWC
А.С Бєлов, Г.А. Марков, М. Parrot
Представлені результати безпосередніх (in-situ) вимірювань бортовою апаратурою французького
мікросупутника DEMETER характеристик електромагнітних і плазмових збурень у модифікованій
потужним випромінюванням передавача NWC області іоносфери. Відзначено, що при впливі ОНЧ-
випромінювання наземних передавачів в іоносферній плазмі формуються штучні плазмово-хвильові канали
з характерним поперечним масштабом ~ 1000 км.
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