Nucleosomal packaging of eukaryotic DNA and regulation of transcription

• Дата: 2014
• Автори: Golov, A.K., Razin, S.V., Gavrilov, A.A.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: English
• Опубліковано: Інститут молекулярної біології і генетики НАН України 2014
• Назва видання: Вiopolymers and Cell
• Теми: Reviews
• Онлайн доступ: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/154580
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Цитувати: Nucleosomal packaging of eukaryotic DNA and regulation of transcription / A.K. Golov, S.V. Razin, A.A. Gavrilov // Вiopolymers and Cell. — 2014. — Т. 30, № 6. — С. 413-425. — Бібліогр.: 211 назв. — англ.

The eukaryotic nucleus harbors genomic DNA, which is tens of thousands of times greater in linear size than the nuclear diameter. Its high condensation is due to DNA packaging in chromatin, and DNA wrapping around nucleosomal globules is a key step in the process. A histone octamer, which forms the nucleosomal globule, interacts with DNA via electrostatic contacts. DNA–histone interactions are rather tight and prevent nucleosomal DNA from being accessed by various enzymes and transcription factors. At the same time, nucleosomes do not prevent transcription and other processes related to the genetic function of DNA. The review considers the structure and diversity of nucleosomes and the central role they play in regulating transcription. Special emphasis is placed on how internucleosomal interactions contribute to genome accessibility to transcription machinery and how nucleosomes are removed from regulatory elements and transcription units in a controlled manner during transcription elongation.