Novel project on total plasma based treatment of waste

• Дата: 2005
• Автори: Van Oost, G., Hrabovsky, M., Pieters, J., Tendler, M., Verstraeten, J.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: English
• Опубліковано: Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України 2005
• Назва видання: Вопросы атомной науки и техники
• Теми: Low temperature plasma and plasma technologies
• Онлайн доступ: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/78950
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Цитувати: Novel project on total plasma based treatment of waste / G.Van Oost, M. Hrabovsky, J. Pieters, M. Tendler, J. Verstraeten // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2005. — № 1. — С. 157-160. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ.

An experimental plasmachemical reactor has been started at IPP Prague for the innovative and environmerntally friendly total plasma treatment of waste streams, biomass and low grade fuels, with a view to their sustainable energetic and chemical valorisation and to a reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases. Existing incineration and biological waste elimination processes cannot always fulfil the objectives of sustainable development, i.e. maximum recovery of energy and materials from the waste streams in an environmentally friendly manner. Moreover, these processes often generate residues which are concentrates of hazardous material and need to be landfilled. Plasmas offer an alternative and superior solution for the treatment of waste streams. Plasma torches have the unique capability of increasing the energy of the process gas compared with conventional combustion equipment. They therefore offer several distinct advantages over traditional methods where the energy content of the waste is used as the heat source. Since the process energy is provided by direct heat transfer from an electric arc, gases of widely varying chemical composition may be used; use of electrical energy also reduces the gas flow needs and on-site off-gas production, and offers control over the chemistry. The very high heat conditions in a plasma reactor trigger a dual, simultaneous reaction process: organic materials are converted into synthesis gas (syngas) without formation of toxic products such as dioxins and furans, while inorganic materials are converted into a non-leaching, vitrified, inert slag which has industrial applications. The quality of the syngas can be controlled by non-thermal plasmas, using new generations of gas cleaning corona plasma technologies. A plasmachemical experimental reactor has been commissioned in Prague in August-September 2004, using the novel IPP-CAS hybrid gas-water stabilized torch (160 kW).