Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise
The problems of construction of dispatching control system for agricultural enterprise are investigated. The selection of the functionality of dispatching control subsystem, which allows minimizing losses associated with low-quality and untimely implementation of issues of executive plan is conside...
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irk-123456789-844422015-07-08T03:02:13Z Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise Lytvynov, V.V. Mykhailiuk, I.V. Posadska, A.S. Моделювання і управління The problems of construction of dispatching control system for agricultural enterprise are investigated. The selection of the functionality of dispatching control subsystem, which allows minimizing losses associated with low-quality and untimely implementation of issues of executive plan is considered in the article. The task of providing timely and qualitative response to unforeseen events is presented. Досліджуються проблеми побудови системи оперативного диспетчерського управління для сільськогосподарського підприємства. У статті розглядається вибір функціональності підсистеми оперативного диспетчерського управління, яке дає можливість мінімізувати втрати, пов’язані з несвоєчасним і неякісним виконанням виконавчого плану. Також представлене завдання забезпечення своєчасного та якісного реагування на непередбачені події. Исследуются проблемы построения системы оперативного диспетчерского управления для сельскохозяйственного предприятия. В статье рассматривается выбор функциональности подсистемы оперативного диспетчерского управления, которое позволяет минимизировать потери, связанные с несвоевременным и некачественным выполнением исполнительного плана. Также представлена задача обеспечения своевременного и качественного реагирования на непредвиденные события. 2014 Article Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise / V.V. Lytvynov, I.V. Mykhailiuk, A.S. Posadska // Математичні машини і системи. — 2014. — № 3. — 67-77. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. 1028-9763 http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/84442 004.942: 631.15 en Математичні машини і системи Інститут проблем математичних машин і систем НАН України |
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Моделювання і управління Моделювання і управління |
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Моделювання і управління Моделювання і управління Lytvynov, V.V. Mykhailiuk, I.V. Posadska, A.S. Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise Математичні машини і системи |
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The problems of construction of dispatching control system for agricultural enterprise are investigated. The selection of the functionality of dispatching control subsystem, which allows minimizing losses associated with low-quality and untimely implementation of issues of executive plan is considered in the article. The task of providing timely and qualitative response to unforeseen events is presented. |
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Article |
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Lytvynov, V.V. Mykhailiuk, I.V. Posadska, A.S. |
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Lytvynov, V.V. Mykhailiuk, I.V. Posadska, A.S. |
| author_sort |
Lytvynov, V.V. |
| title |
Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise |
| title_short |
Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise |
| title_full |
Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise |
| title_fullStr |
Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise |
| title_sort |
functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise |
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Інститут проблем математичних машин і систем НАН України |
| publishDate |
2014 |
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Моделювання і управління |
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http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/handle/123456789/84442 |
| citation_txt |
Functional features of dispatching control centre for automatic control system of agricultural enterprise / V.V. Lytvynov, I.V. Mykhailiuk, A.S. Posadska // Математичні машини і системи. — 2014. — № 3. — 67-77. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. |
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Математичні машини і системи |
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2025-07-06T11:26:01Z |
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© Lytvynov V.V., Mykhailiuk I.V., Posadska A.S., 2014 67
ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ І УПРАВЛІННЯ
UDC 004.942: 631.15
V.V. LYTVYNOV*, I.V. MYKHAILIUK*, A.S. POSADSKA**
FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF DISPATCHING CONTROL CENTRE FOR
AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE
*Chernihiv National University of Technology, Chernihiv, Ukraine
**Chernihiv State Institute of Economics and Management, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Анотація. Досліджуються проблеми побудови системи оперативного диспетчерського управління
для сільськогосподарського підприємства. У статті розглядається вибір функціональності
підсистеми оперативного диспетчерського управління, яке дає можливість мінімізувати втрати,
пов’язані з несвоєчасним і неякісним виконанням виконавчого плану. Також представлене завдання
забезпечення своєчасного та якісного реагування на непередбачені події.
Ключові слова: диспетчерське оперативне управління, автоматизована система управління, події
атак.
Аннотация. Исследуются проблемы построения системы оперативного диспетчерского управле-
ния для сельскохозяйственного предприятия. В статье рассматривается выбор функционально-
сти подсистемы оперативного диспетчерского управления, которое позволяет минимизировать
потери, связанные с несвоевременным и некачественным выполнением исполнительного плана.
Также представлена задача обеспечения своевременного и качественного реагирования на непред-
виденные события.
Ключевые слова: диспетчерское оперативное управление, автоматизированная система управле-
ния, события атак.
Abstract. The problems of construction of dispatching control system for agricultural enterprise are inves-
tigated. The selection of the functionality of dispatching control subsystem, which allows minimizing
losses associated with low-quality and untimely implementation of issues of executive plan is considered
in the article. The task of providing timely and qualitative response to unforeseen events is presented.
Keywords: dispatching control, automated control system, events of attacks.
1. Introduction to the topic of the study
Formulation of the problem. There is a tendency to use computer-integrated systems of automatic
control in the agricultural enterprises of Ukrainian agricultural holdings. Automation concerns
such areas as finance and economics, planning, precision agriculture, logistics, but it is absent in
such area as dispatching, because of the difficulty of formalizing a number of processes that take
place in the control object. At the same time monitoring of agricultural activity, control of quality
of their implementation, and reactions on extraordinary situations are the factors, which greatly
impact on implementation of issues of executive plan, their quality and timely implementation.
Accordingly, economic effect depends on these factors. So, dispatching control becomes one of
the most important systems in controlling processes in agricultural industry.
Analysis of related researches and publications. In the market of automatic control systems dis-
patching is well represented for such areas of the national economy as power supply systems,
railways transportation, urban transportation, air lines, technological processes of enterprise con-
trol.
There are a lot of approaches to implement such control, for example ERP, MES, etc. [1,
2].
68 ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3
However, only a few software products partially cover the dispatching functions, and of-
ten the main emphasis is done on information and analysis and geoinformation parts.
In Ukraine, the majority of dispatching control functions for agriculture is presented by
GPS monitoring systems [3]. Logistics subsystems are often included in GPS monitoring sys-
tems. In the most cases, headships of agricultural companies stop the efforts on equipping of the
mobile technique by tracking devices for monitoring system. The tasks of primary data analysis,
creation of possible solutions for problems appeared, and selection of one of them are performed
by operator.
The aim of this work is to select the functionality of dispatching control subsystem, which
allows minimizing losses associated with low-quality and untimely implementation of issues of
executive plan; to provide timely and qualitative response to unforeseen events.
2. Features of automation object
The modern agricultural enterprise is complicated distributed system, which consists of many
other different control objects. Functioning of this system is directed to growing of agricultural
production, which depends on impact of external factors (weather conditions, social environment,
etc.) [4].
Automated control system (A&C) of agricultural enterprise is adaptive system. It means
that A&C must autonomously determine the best mode of operation depending on many values of
internal and external factors [5].
One the other hand, it coordinates efforts for implementation of the executive plan (EP).
On the other hand it performs a coordination activity that minimizes losses from deviations from
the EP, which arise for various reasons.
Events-initiators of deviations from EP will be called as deviation events.
Generally, service of dispatching control (D&C) is provided in structure of A&C of agri-
cultural enterprise.
The basis for the operation control is EP, which is created for a small calendar period. It
contains a list of agricultural operations, which must be executed, and their due dates.
The essence of operation is depicted in flowsheet. It depends on the field conditions and
job order of its implementation and is added to each of agricultural operations of EP [4].
So, it is assumed, that each agricultural operation or work, which is included in EP, is
linked with one field and one flowsheet and has certain temporal borders of implementation.
Flowsheet determines the order of implementation of agricultural operations, necessary
machine resources for its implementation, normative indicators of quality of operation
implementation. Corresponding marks are added to the EP, when work instructions are violated.
The start signal of the operation is extradition of job order to perform certain operation
and the issuance of the flowsheet for its implementation, which is permissible to be provided in
paper or electronic form.
The suspension signals, resumption signals or cancellation signals of agricultural opera-
tion and correction signals of technological operation can be received by implementer as forma-
lized messages or instruction orders sent from control centre by a variety of communication
channels. After receiving these signals implementer has to confirm their receipts.
The graphical form of the process of operational plan correction is represented in Fig. 1.
The external factors, which could violate the EP, permanently affect on control object
(CO) during the EP implementation (X is a set of external affecting factors). In monitoring mode,
this system of dispatching control compares the state of CO and EP task. When an external factor
violates the EP, dispatching control system detects deviation event. The next step is reaction that
is formed on event – the control signal (Y is command and control information that regarded as
correction of deviations of implementation and quality of EP issues reasoned by external affect-
ing factors.
ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3 69
Correction
D&C
Event
X
Control
object
EP
Job order
State
Y
Fig. 1. The operative process of EP correction
According to requirements and specific of A&C of agricultural enterprise, dispatching
subsystem must provide:
– control of EP implementation, including the provision by resources of points of its im-
plementation;
– quality control of agricultural operations and overall quality of work implementation
(quality assurance);
– harvest and resource protection needed (minimization of losses due to weather, pests,
diseases, thefts of resources and harvest, etc.).
3. Requirements for subsystem functionality
Based on A&C features the basic requirements of functionality of D&C subsystem can be
formed:
– automation of identifications of problems that need an intervention of dispatcher;
– automation of production of variety of problem solutions.
Thus, the dispatcher is responsible only for a specific decision-making from a list pro-
posed by the system.
One of the main factors for choosing functionality of the system within the adaptive con-
trol is a factor of system response time on adverse events.
Let’s consider the process of solving problems caused by external or internal events (Fig.
2).
As it is mentioned above, external and internal factors lead to deviations of EP implemen-
tation. Due to appearance mode all events can be classified as external and internal events.
The external events include events which are connected with: technique (breaking); staff
(health, injury, delay certificate); breakdown of supplies (fuel, seed, fertilizer, technique);
weather conditions (floods, rain, rainfall, drought, hail, sat, high wind speed, acid rain, thunder-
storms, tornadoes, high or low temperature, frozen); condition of field (erosion, abnormal NPK,
humidity, temperature, snow cover, changes of geometry); state of growing (infection by pests,
stage of growing, the quality of cultivation, diseases, weeds); traffic conditions (speed limits,
weight restrictions, road surface, road accidents, road closures due to protest movement, direction
changes due to road repairs, traffic mashes); overload of storage of raw materials, etc.
For external events time delays for solution creation )( sct , is equal to:
tdepdmgsseqedpptpdcsc ttttttttttt +++++++++= ,
where pdct – time spent on primary data collection;
tt – time spent on transfer of information via the communication channels;
ppt – time of pre-processing and storing of information;
70 ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3
edt – time spent on event distribution to operators;
qt – time spent on staying of event in the queue;
set – time spent on selecting of events from the queue;
gst – time of generation of variants of problem solutions;
dmt – time of decision-making by dispatcher;
ept – time of correction of the EP;
tdt – time of transmission of decision to the implementer.
Fig. 2. Creation of reaction of disturbing events
ppt
t
tt
pdct
edt
Primary data collection
Subsystem of
primary data col-
lection
Paper form,
audio, video, formalized
messages
Decision Maker
Decision support
module
Decision Maker
The planning
system
Formalization of
events:
Algorithms for
calculation of in-
ternal events via
indirect signs
External
events
qt
Transfer of information
(communication channels)
Preprocessing of
information
Queue of problems
Problem selection
Decision-making
Modification of a plan
Transmission of decision to
implementer
Monitoring attacks, qual-
ity, deviations from flow-
sheet
Event distribution
Solutions generation
DB
DB
Central Screen
External factors
set
t
evdt
gst
dmt
ept
tdt
Internal
events
ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3 71
Internal events include: events of attacks; events related to violation of operations imple-
mentation. These are all events, which are detected based on indirect evidence, obtained during
the analysis of primary and archival information.
The reaction time (delays) for such type of events is equal to:
evdtdepdmgsseqedpptpdcre tttttttttttt ++++++++++= ,
where evdt – time of event detection according to indirect signs.
In classical case dispatcher spends most of time for generation of variants of solutions and
their ranking. It increases the time of staying of events in the queue, and leads to decrease of re-
sponse rate and quality of decisions. To reduce the reaction time for event, it is necessary to re-
duce each component using a new approach – automation of dispatcher actions.
Reaction time rt can be written in such form:
321 ttttr ++= ,
where edevdpptpdc tttttt ++++=1 – time spent on detection of event, epdmgsseq tttttt ++++=2 –
time spent on decision-making, tdtt =3 – time spent on transfer of orders to implementer.
To reduce reaction time it is necessary to:
– create formalized messages, classify events;
– create applications that generate variants of decisions and their ranking characteristics;
– design the analysis modules (analysis of primary information should not be performed
by dispatcher);
– create automatic quality control systems;
– design systems with duplex communication between implementer of operation and dis-
patcher;
– create automated systems for detecting violations of technological process, thefts.
4. Structure of D&C subsystem
The proposed system of dispatching operational control should include the dispatching centre,
primary data collection subsystem, the subsystem of transfer the orders, instructions and warnings
[6].
Dispatching centre must be equipped with computing equipment, audio and video com-
munications system, user’s workstations (WS dispatchers, operators), and developed visualization
tools of shared information.
Subsystem of primary data collection should be implemented as a network of peripheral
equipment which is connected to the control centre by radio channels, including sensors, signal
generating devices, which are served by microprocessors and peripheral computers.
Peripheral equipment must include trackers, RFID-systems, video surveillance systems,
special Palm systems for quality control, remotes to enter and send signals, automatic weighing
systems, express analysis tools, etc.
Potentially, the peripheral equipment can be static or mobile, which is installed on agricul-
tural machines.
The system should be designed using modular approach (Fig. 3). Each module imple-
ments one or more functions of the system. All modules can be divided into three groups:
1. Group of users modules, which are intended for data visualization and input into the
system: module «central screen» (MCS), workstations dispatchers, administrator workstation.
2. Group of D&C subsystem modules, which are included in the system core: module of
events distribution (MED), module of attacks detecting (MAD), module of plan implementation
monitoring (MPIM), module of monitoring of possibility of the plan implementation (MMPPI),
72 ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3
module of monitoring the operations quality (MOQ) and decision support module (DSM) for dis-
patchers.
3. Group of subsystems that ensure the functioning of A&C agricultural enterprise:
reference data and infrastructure subsystems, subsystem of primary data collection about
control object, subsystem of works planning of crop production and their resource maintenance,
logistics subsystem, subsystem of cartography, notification and exchange subsystem of urgent
reports and orders between the control centre and implementers, subsystem of simulation of farm
business.
Fig. 3. Structural scheme of D&C subsystem
Dispatching system belongs to a class of systems, each work is based on the principle of
reaction on deviation. It is means that the system should carry out monitor operation of EP im-
plementation and involve the operator into problems solutions only when it detects a deviation
from normative behavior of the control object.
It means that when adverse situations, which put in jeopardy well-timed and quality EP
implementation, arise, it is necessary to create queues of problems, which are expected solutions.
These queues are distributed by dispatcher’s directions. Here it is possible to use two operating
modes, which involves interventions in the process of EP implementation only in case of problem
appearance.
When we put the process of monitoring of agricultural operations implementation, which
are included in the EP, on automation, it causes that two different operating modes are used in the
modules:
– part of module works in monitoring mode (with periodic start);
– part of the modules can work in mode of single start when event is appeared.
Periodicity of start of modules, which operate in monitoring mode, can be configured.
Modules of generation of solution variants, which are performed on the request of the op-
erator or dispatcher, also operate in a mode of single start.
5. System settings functionality to fit the staff roles
Dispatching centre is a comprehensive and multi-user system. To determine the requirements for
its functions it is necessary to start from the role-playing features of staff.
DBMS
DB
MAD
MPIM
MED
MMPPI
MOQ
ППР 1 ППР 1
DSM
WS of
meteorologist
WS of agronomist
WS of logistics
WS of
technologist WS of supply
Central screen
WS of POL
WS …
WS of staff
External systems Communication tools Data collection
ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3 73
Table 1 shows the list of possible roles of staff and a brief description. For each role the spe-
cific workstation and applications should be implemented and developed, which perform support
in decision-making, including the formulation of options and their ranking to facilitate selection.
Table 1. User Roles of dispatching centre
№ Role Role description
1 Chief dispatcher Responsible for quality of work of dispatching shift
2
Agronomist –
dispatcher
Responsible for the operational control of processes of preparation of
fields for planting, sowing and cultivation of agricultural crops, har-
vesting
3
Logistics
dispatcher
Responsible for the operational control of using transport during the
transport operations, monitoring, and analysis of the state and enter-
ing data about roads and vehicles in the system
4
Operator –
technologist
Binds agricultural operations flowsheet with the geometric dimen-
sions of the field, the available technique, the state of the soil, the
current weather conditions, the state of the crops
5
Supply
dispatcher
Controls ensuring of plant protection agents (PPA) operations, seed,
fertilizers and other resources
6 POL dispatcher
Implements operational control of petroleum, oil and lubricants
(POL) resources, including the monitoring of procurement and trans-
portation of fuel, distribution of its storages, POL collateral control
of all agricultural machines and mechanisms used in the implementa-
tion of agricultural operations
7 MRO dispatcher
Responsible for the operational control of MRO of agricultural ma-
chinery and the allocation of equipment to implement agricultural
operations
8
Operator –
meteorologist
Implements processing of meteorological information from various
sources, and makes short-term forecasts for the period of the execu-
tive plan
9
Operator for staff
management
Makes appointments of personnel to implement agricultural opera-
tions of executive plan
However, it does not mean that one role is performed by one dispatcher. Sometimes it is
necessary to assign several roles for one dispatcher, or one role is needed to be assigned for sev-
eral dispatchers. Everything is determined by a flow of messages between the implementers and
dispatchers, performing a certain role and by degree of staff training.
To determine the most efficient use of the staff it is necessary to have flexible tools to
configure the system. In particular, to highlight the types and number of dispatchers in the shift,
the theory of queuing systems (QS) can be used. Since each dispatcher decides a certain circle of
coming problems (events), that enter the system online, he can be interpreted as an instrument of
service, working with applications of a single queue. The system configuration can be reduced to
the task of calculating the characteristics of QS [7].
Model of QS, which associated with the service queue of requests, includes:
– input flow of events;
– service channels (WS).
Complicated service system is represented in Fig. 4.
74 ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3
The main characteristics for tasks of QS are:
λ – the intensity of the incoming flow;
µ – the intensity of service events;
norm – the number of serving devices of the same type.
Fig. 4. Complicated service system
Creation of simulation model based on GPSS or Anylogic should allow calculating fol-
lowing indicators of system:
– the average time, which the event is waiting for the service beginning;
– the average service time of the event;
– the number of dispatchers in the shift.
6. Modules of generation of hidden events
Previously mentioned modules, such as module of attacks detecting (MAD), module of plan im-
plementation monitoring (MPIM), module of monitoring of possibility of the plan implementa-
tion (MMPPI), module of monitoring the operations quality (MOQ), have a certain property, that
when they analyze primary data, they become sources of events, which require operator interven-
tion, themselves.
Generally they are built using rules such us:
If P Then Q,
where P – predicate of precondition implementation;
Q – predicate of generation of hidden events.
Depending on the type of modules, the source of information, serving to build predicate P,
can be: for MOQ – it is data of flowsheet (recommended modes and formulas of assessing opera-
tions quality), for MAD – they are unplanned stops of transport, that allow draining fuel, or de-
viations from the agreed route during harvesting, for MMPPI – it is information about the level of
resources reserves, and time their completions (fuel, seeds, capabilities of car park, etc.), for
MPIM – it is information about unfinished works.
All these modules work in monitoring mode and for planning their starting it is reasonably
to have the tools such as calendar in simulation systems of discrete systems [8].
7. Modules of generation of solution variants
Generation of problems solutions is closely associated with events-indicators, which accumulate
in the problems queues [8].
Modules, that generate solutions variants, may be described as:
Flow of
events
1WS
Management
decisions
mWS
1WS
nWS
ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3 75
Table 2. Pairwise comparisons of criteria
1A 2A ...
nA
1A 1
12a
na1
2A 21a 1
na2
… …
nA 1na 2na 1
If iQ Then imii RRR ∨∨ ...21 ,
where ijR – predicate-indicator of j -th solution, mj ...1= .
Ranking function of solutions iQ related with the set of solutions for event:
NRF ii >: ,
which allows to calculate their quality characteristic. Sometimes it is rationally to receive this
function using method of expert evaluations.
8. Decision support module
Purpose of DSM is decision support in abnormal situations (events), which can violate the EP.
DSM consists of:
– user interface;
– users;
– editor of knowledge base;
– experts;
– knowledge engineer;
– knowledge base;
– inference engine;
– subsystem of explaining solutions;
– modeling unit.
Mathematical modeling may be represented as shown below.
1. Method of Hierarchy analysis [7]:
– formulation of the problem (for example harvesting);
– identification of criteria for evaluating alternatives options for solutions;
– pairwise comparisons of criteria (Table 2):
where nAAA ,...,, 21 – criteria for evaluating alter-
natives;
a – evaluation of compared factors.
2. To formalize the multicriteria problem the al-
gorithm of multicriteria evaluation of alternatives
solutions is applied:
– define the criteria for evaluating alterna-
tives;
– rank the most important criteria;
– discard unimportant criteria;
– assign a number that corresponds to the
relative importance of the criteria;
– normalize coefficients )( iw in importance from the condition:
1
1
=∑
=
n
i
iw ,
where iw – weight i-th criteria, which assigned with decision-maker;
– make preliminary bolting of alternatives by quality (defined quality index on the scales
of criteria);
– determine the utility function U for each criteria
76 ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3
2
1
*
*
∑
=
−=
N
i i
ii
x
xx
U ;
– determine the usefulness of each of the alternatives of the formula:
.
1
i
N
i
iUwU ∑
=
=
Based on the obtained results, the decisions with highest usefulness of alternatives will be
considered for selection of final decision.
9. Example of usage of dispatching system functionality for the tasks of «best route search»
1. Formalized message about event arrives to the control centre (the message «parent») – «road
congestion», which causes perturbation of the system.
2. Message appears on the central screen and on workstation of dispatcher, who is responsible for
this type of event - that is logistics dispatcher.
3. Dispatcher chooses this message from the queue of problems and starts DSM, which creates
lists of tasks and possible problem solutions. Task list is automatically generated after choosing
certain solution in the system (that are presented as messages, which are «children» from «par-
ent» messages): correction of executive plan, transmission of decision to the implementer
(driver).
4. After all problems are solved, the message is marked as completed, the status of the event
«parent» is changed to «solved». This event is deleted from the list of problems and goes to ar-
chive.
Scheme of solution of such problems is presented in Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Scheme of solution of logistical problem
Generating the
message
(call from the
driver)
Perturbation of
D&C
Scoreboard of
problems
Dispatcher
Choosing a solution
Correction of the EP
Transmission to implementer
(driver), receiving job order
Problem
selection
Executive plan
Criteria
Direct and indirect
indicators
Starting of DSM Task list:
– calculation of new route
– calculation of economic losses
– recalculation of resources, etc.
– correction of plan
Variants of Solutions:
– best route
– minimum route
ISSN 1028-9763. Математичні машини і системи, 2014, № 3 77
This example is an example of reaction on external event. In monitor mode, the system
constantly identifies deviations or violations that lead to the appearance of a new event. For ex-
ample, the driver violated the speed limit or module of detecting attacks suffered a deviation from
the route according to the data of tracking or violations of quality of operation implementation.
Then the message of particular event will be transferred to dispatcher, and the job scenario will
be analogous to steps 1–4.
10. Conclusions
The concept of design of D&C subsystem for the agricultural firm, which is offered by the au-
thors, fully reveals the main aspects of adaptive control of A&C. The main purpose of D&C is
the automation of process of distribution and primary processing of data about the state of the
fields, crops and agro-firm resources, decision support dispatchers.
Dispatching efficiency is based on the systematic monitoring of the executive plan im-
plementation, and takes immediate action and solves problems. This makes it possible to imple-
ment the automation of agricultural enterprise and information technology to reduce financial
costs, minimize the influence of human factors on the course of normal operation of farm busi-
ness.
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Стаття надійшла до редакції 31.07.2014
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