Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід
The article justifies the application of a system-interdisciplinary approach to solving problems of managing innovative processes, especially in the field of planning, organizing and controlling innovative events. Such problems are the justification of innovative events and the selection of their da...
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| description | The article justifies the application of a system-interdisciplinary approach to solving problems of managing innovative processes, especially in the field of planning, organizing and controlling innovative events. Such problems are the justification of innovative events and the selection of their dates. The article describes the principles of innovation classification based on the interdisciplinary model of the information unit of order. The development of the system can be represented as a multiplex of waves or as a set of M-waves. It is shown that the system at each stage of its development is predisposed to changes in a certain trait. The article describes the methodological principles for justifying the dates for planning, conducting and monitoring the implementation of measures in the innovation process.
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| doi_str_mv | 10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2020.4.01 |
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M.S. Mokiy, P.M. Gureev, 2020
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2020, № 4 7
TIДC
ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ТА
УПРАВЛІННЯ В ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ, ТЕХНІЧНИХ,
ЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ І СОЦІАЛЬНИХ СИСТЕМАХ
UDC 303.732.4
DOI: 10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2020.4.01
THE MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN
ORGANIZATIONS. SYSTEM-TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
M.S. MOKIY, P.M. GUREEV
Abstract. The article justifies the application of a system-interdisciplinary approach
to solving problems of managing innovative processes, especially in the field of
planning, organizing and controlling innovative events. Such problems are the justi-
fication of innovative events and the selection of their dates. The article describes
the principles of innovation classification based on the interdisciplinary model of the
information unit of order. The development of the system can be represented as a
multiplex of waves or as a set of M-waves. It is shown that the system at each stage
of its development is predisposed to changes in a certain trait. The article describes
the methodological principles for justifying the dates for planning, conducting and
monitoring the implementation of measures in the innovation process.
Keywords: innovation management, system-interdisciplinary approach, innovation
planning, multiplex waves (M-waves), normative parameters of the innovation
process.
INTRODUCTION
The problem of innovative development of the economy is one of the most dis-
cussed in the last quarter century. A large number of works are devoted to this
issue. An international community of scientists has been formed to work on inno-
vations and the formation of competencies in the context of the economic devel-
opment of GLOBELICS [13], where problems and solutions to innovative proc-
esses are discussed at annual international conferences. The problem of
innovative development is of such importance that the issues of managing the in-
novation process are reflected in international and national regulatory documents.
So, the European Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,
OECD adopted guidelines for managing the innovation process in 2005 [15]. In
Russia, in April 2014, the State Program “Economic Development and Innovation
Economy” was adopted [2]. Nevertheless, to date, a number of problems that re-
duce the effectiveness of innovative management remain unresolved. We com-
pletely agree with the opinion of Economist magazine: “... innovation has come
out of the shadow to become a new industrial religion worshiped by public fig-
ures, investors and businessmen ... But despite being the cause of about 50% of
the total economic growth and the subject of countless government research, in-
novation remains, in essence, a form of black magic” [14].
M.S. Mokiy, P.M. Gureev
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2020, № 4 8
The implementation of any innovation requires the attraction of financial re-
sources, specialists and time. According to a PDMA (Product Development and
Management Association) study, “only one in nine concepts becomes commer-
cially successful. Approximately 40% of all innovations fail at launch, or even at
distant approaches to the market – at the stage of testing or creating prototypes.
Almost half of the company resources allocated to development of new products
are spent on unsuccessful projects” [9]. Given that the volume of investment in
innovative development of only 1000 of the most developed companies in the
world is annually about $425 billion, the losses from failed innovations are very
substantial.
Undoubtedly, the effectiveness of the innovation process depends, on the
essence, the quality of the innovation itself (ideas, designs, schemes, etc.), which
are to be implemented. However, one cannot fail to admit that there are situations
when excellent innovations (ideas, designs, schemes, etc.) are poorly imple-
mented or not implemented at all in business practice. There are many explana-
tions for this, but the efficiency of managing any process depends on how justi-
fied are the action plans and the calendar dates of their implementation. Most
often, if the essence, the direction of the changes necessary for the development
of the organization is obvious, then there are problems with the determination of
the calendar dates for conducting innovative activities.
For most natural objects or technological processes, the temporal patterns of
development in the form of stages, periods and cycles are obvious. The nature and
timing of the changes are predetermined by natural laws. For example, an
experienced gardener knows at what stage of tree development and at what time
of year the trees can be pruned, a mechanical engineer knows when to make
changes to the machine, etc.
In socio-economic objects, such as organizations, these patterns are often
less conspicuous. Many works indicate the presence of stages, periods, cycles in
the development of enterprises and organizations [3], [6], [12]. In works devoted
to the study of the temporal characteristics of development, various temporal
characteristics of the development of organizations such as “youth”, “maturity”,
“old age” [1], etc. are distinguished. However, at present, there is no unified
theory or concept capable of linking steps (stages, phasing, periodicity) and
polycyclicity in the development of economic and business systems and the
nature of innovation. And the biggest problem is that no objective criteria are
proposed for determining the calendar dates for innovative events. In other words,
no criteria are proposed for when the “adolescence” or “maturity” of an
organization ends. This leads to the fact that, in practice, management decisions in
the field of the innovation process are made based on the experience and intuition
of managers, and in small and medium-sized businesses, according to the
National Federation of Independent Business and Wells Fargo (USA), “family
consulting” prevails [5]. The consequence of the above facts is that a 50% success
rate of innovation is considered a very good result.
Thus, if the innovation process is understood as the whole cycle of transfor-
mation of scientific knowledge (scientific ideas, discoveries and inventions) into a
material result, then the main problems of the implementation of the planning
function in the management of the innovation process are the substantiation of the
type of innovations and the determination of the calendar dates for their imple-
mentation.
The management of innovative processes in organizations. System-transdisciplinary approach
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2020, № 4 9
METHODS
To solve these problems, it is proposed to use the methodological apparatus of the
system-transdisciplinary approach. According to the concept of the system-
transdisciplinary approach, an idealized image called “system” is an order that
determines the unity of elements and the integrity of the object. That is, an essen-
tial property of the system is order, a certain form of organization. The existence
and development of the “system” object is a manifestation of its potential in space
and time. Such a manifestation requires the implementation of the main function
of the system – the transformation of matter and energy. The implementation of
functions is possible only if there is a device in the system, a mechanism consist-
ing of the corresponding elements and connections between them. This mecha-
nism is called system structure. The task of the structure of the system is to ensure
the transformation of matter and energy. For this, the system structure must have
mechanisms for evaluating parameters:
incoming matter and energy;
the process of their transformation;
the result of this process.
The discrepancy between the actual parameters and the given ones is
assessed as dysfunction. Therefore, the system must have a mechanism for
neutralizing dysfunctions.
The development of a system in time is a consistent change in its state.
Changes in the operation of any objects can be caused either by the internal laws
of the development of the object, or caused by a change in external conditions.
Naturally, at each stage of development, changes in the structure and functions of
the system are assumed. If such changes do not occur, then the system collapses.
But in any case, these changes must correspond to the signs of the development
period, otherwise these changes will not bring success.
The change in the state of the system in time is a strict sequence of time
intervals (stages, periods and cycles), each of which characterizes the system’s
predisposition only to certain changes. These patterns are objective, have a
transdisciplinary (universal) character and are described by a time (temporal) unit
of order [8] and it can be represented as a multiplex wave (fig. 1), the model of
which was proposed by Vladimir Mokiy [7].
Fig. 1. Model of the development wave multiplex
Reference wave
Calibration wave
Setting wave
Basic wave
M.S. Mokiy, P.M. Gureev
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2020, № 4 10
“Multiplex (from lat. Multiplex – complex, multiple) is a natural complex of
waves, logically fragmenting the development process, plays the role of a harmo-
nious structure of the development of the object [7]. Waves of a multiplex
(M-wave) indicate not the amplitude of the oscillation, but the calendar duration
of the periods. For real objects, the temporal features are formed by duration.
Each wave is characterized by a certain set of quantitative and qualitative
changes. In accordance with the multiplex model, the duration of each wave can
be calculated by the formula:
aM n
n 2 ,
where a is the duration of the reference wave; n — takes the value 1,2,3.
RESULTS
Innovation as a feature of development of objects considered as systems
Thus, from the standpoint of the system-transdisciplinary approach, the concept
of “innovative management” can be interpreted as purposeful (control) influences
aimed at changing the structural and functional properties of an object.
In this case, we do not consider the characteristics of the innovation itself,
ideas, etc. In other words, it doesn’t matter “good” or “bad” innovation. It is im-
portant for us to emphasize that the nature of structural and functional changes
depends on the degree of radicalism of innovation. Therefore, at the first stage of
classification of innovations, we distinguish:
modifying innovations — as a rule, they require changes in the functions
of system elements;
radical innovations – cause qualitative changes in the main function of the
economic system, and hence fundamental changes in the structure of the enterprise.
Applying the consistent differentiation of innovations, their system-
transdisciplinary classification was developed. The basis of such a classification is
Vladimir Mokiy’s order information unit model [8], on the basis of which the di-
vision of innovations into quantitative and qualitative and the classification of the
Slovak researcher F. Valent [16] is assumed.
According to the developed classification, the radicalism of changes as a result
of innovation gradually increases from the first to the eighth order (see table).
It should be noted here that if the implementation of innovations of lower
orders (quantitative changes) can be relatively easy to ensure within the frame-
work of the usual management system, then innovations of higher orders require
either changes or the creation of a system of strategic and tactical management.
The use and adaptation of this classification for the needs of a particular organiza-
tion makes it possible to correctly determine the level (order) of required innova-
tions.
However, determining the level of innovation (such as the radical nature of
change) is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for managing innovation. For its
successful implementation, it is imperative to determine the timing of the events.
System-transdisciplinary temporal features of the innovation process
To determine the timing of innovations, it is proposed to use the regularities that
determine the temporal development of the system. Of course, for real objects,
The management of innovative processes in organizations. System-transdisciplinary approach
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2020, № 4 11
these features are determined by the laws of development of this object. Obvi-
ously, it is different for organizations of different industries and its definition re-
quires specific research.
In each of the time intervals of the corresponding attribute, the object is pre-
disposed to innovations of a certain order.
Then, the management of the innovation process looks like the preparation
and implementation of a consistent transformation of the organization, based on
its “internal readiness” to accept these transformations. Sign, the level of innova-
tion must coincide with the sign of the period, otherwise the innovation process is
doomed to failure. For example, the growing season for potatoes is 60 days.
However, if one wanted to eat young potatoes at the end of November, then plant-
ing potatoes at the end of August will not be crowned with success.
The hypothesis about a similar structure of temporal development of organi-
zations was put forward by the authors and verified back in the 1990’s. Based on
a retrospective analysis of development of IBM, confirmation of the existence of
such a pattern was obtained [9]. Studies of the full set of M-waves (the entire mul-
tiplex) were carried out on the basis of data from Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical
Company Limited, Stada CIS, Novo Nordisk, Gedeon Richter [10] and five elec-
tronics companies – LG, Philips, Sony, Panasonic and Aiwa [4]. These studies
made it possible to formulate guidelines for the temporal planning of innovative
development and to determine the normative temporal parameters for the devel-
opment of business systems. Regulatory temporal parameters for constructing an
innovative map-graph of an object’s development are:
the calendar duration of the M-waves (the entire multiplex);
calendar dates of development control points (calendar dates of beginning
and end of the period).
Transdisciplinary classification of innovations
Innovation
order
Innovation
attribute
Innovation characteristic
1order
Change of the structural elements of the system,
preserving existing functions
2 order
Simple target adaptation to quantitative requirements while
maintaining the functions of the system or its part
3 order Simple organizational changes to secure a better
4 order
Quantitative
attribute
Functional
properties of the
object remain
Changes caused by the adaptation of the system’s
elements, which do not affect the quality of particular
elements, but in complex lead to increase in efficiency
of the system as a whole Partial functional changes
within the system or its parts
5 order Partial functional changes within the system or part of it
6 order
Changes altering the initial concept but partially
or entirely altered preserving the functional principle
7 order
Сhanges that change the original concept,
but retain the functional principle
8 order
Qualitative
attribute
the functional
properties of an
object are partially
or completely
changed
Changes altering the base functional principle
of the system’s
M.S. Mokiy, P.M. Gureev
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2020, № 4 12
Knowing the calendar dates for the beginning and end of individual devel-
opment periods allows one to determine the direction of work on the development
of innovations of the appropriate type, to determine the objective terms for the
development of plans and terms for their implementation in advance. This will
help to avoid financial losses that occur when innovation changes are delayed or
if they are prematurely implemented.
With the classification of innovations and the determination of the timing of
the onset and duration of the corresponding periods in the development of the en-
terprise, it becomes possible to increase the objectivity and effectiveness of inno-
vation management.
DISCUSSION
From the standpoint of the above approach, the increase in the efficiency of manage-
ment of the innovative development of an organization is due to the need to de-
termine the order of innovation or to determine their sign. The problem is that
these innovations can be both quantitative and qualitative. However, the scale of
structural and functional changes depends on which waves we are considering.
So, for example, first-order innovations can be produced in the calendar duration
of the reference wave. However, the sign of innovation is given by the sign of the
reference wave. In this sense, the methodology for determining the sign of inno-
vation for each wave of the multiplex needs further research.
Another problem for drawing up an innovative development chart is to de-
termine the duration of the reference wave for a specific object. There are eight
such periods in the base wave. In addition, as can be seen from the multiplex fig-
ure, the object is predisposed to quantitative changes during the first two calibra-
tion waves. During the next two calibration waves, the object is prone to qualita-
tive changes. However, the determination of the calendar duration of the reference
wave makes it possible to determine with high accuracy the calendar dates of
changes in the object’s predisposition to innovations of a certain order.
CONCLUSION
Thus, the use of a system-transdisciplinary approach can improve the efficiency
of managing the innovation process.
The interpretation of the innovation process as a change in the structural and
functional properties of an object studied as a system, as well as transdisciplinar-
ity, universality of the order of its development allows:
to develop a transdisciplinary classification of the orders of innovation;
to represent the development of an object as a set of M-waves – a multi-
plex of development.
The objective predisposition of an object at each stage of its development to
innovations of a strictly defined type and the ability to determine the calendar
dates for the onset of these stages makes it possible to build an innovative map-
schedule of the object’s development.
The presence of such a schedule allows us to more objectively and in ad-
vance set the nature of innovative events and the time parameters of their imple-
mentation. The presence of control points allows for more efficient implementa-
The management of innovative processes in organizations. System-transdisciplinary approach
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2020, № 4 13
tion of control functions. An opportunity is provided to more effectively conduct
analysis, planning activities, organizing their implementation, motivating and
stimulating employees.
A retrospective analysis of the innovative development of organizations on
the basis of the described methods-techniques of the system-transdisciplinary ap-
proach allows us to conclude about their representativeness. Consequently, the
practice of their application in drawing up charts of the innovative development
of organizations with a high degree of probability will reduce the losses from the
incorrectly assessed nature of innovations and the delay in their implementation.
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waves”, Universum: Social Sciences: electron. scientific. zhurn., no. 1-2 (12), 2015.
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9. R. Cooper, How to turn a new product development department into an efficient
business unit and improve the efficiency of corporate innovation. Available:
http://delovoymir.biz/2013/01/16/kak-prevratit-otdel-razrabotki-novyh-produktov-v-
effektivno-rabotayuschuyu-biznes-edinicu-i-povysit-kpd-korporativnyh-innovaciy. html
10. G.A. Palamarenko, “Improving the process of formation of the innovation strategy
of the enterprise”, Dissertation of the Candidate of Economic Sciences. Moscow:
RIIS, 1997,157 p.
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maceutical companies”, Basic Research, no. 11, 2014.
12. G.V. Shirokova, “Organizational life cycle: empirical research and theoretical ap-
proaches”, Russian Management Journal, 5 (3), pp. 85–90, 2011.
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14. “Improving innovation”, Economist. 29 Feb. 2008. Available: http://www. econo-
mist.com/node/10787664
15. Oslo Manual, “Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data”, 3rd edi-
tion. A Joint Publication of OECD and Eurostat. OECD/EC, 2005.
16. F. Valenta, Inovace v manažerské praxi. Praha: Velryba, 2001.
Received 11.11.2020
____________________________
From the Editorial Board: the article corresponds completely to submitted manuscript.
M.S. Mokiy, P.M. Gureev
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2020, № 4 14
INFORMATION ON THE ARTICLE
Michael S. Mokiy, ORCID: 0000-0002-9504-0536, FSBEI “State University of
Management”, FSBEI “Russian Academy of National Economy and Public
Administration under the President of the Russian Federation”, Russia, e-mail:
mokiy2000@yandex.ru
Paul M. Gureev, ORCID: 0000-0002-9350-7964, FSBEI “State University of
Management”, Russia, e-mail: pmg-dom@mail.ru
УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИМИ ПРОЦЕСАМИ В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯХ.
СИСТЕМНО-МІЖДИСЦИПЛІНАРНИЙ ПІДХІД / М.С. Мокій, П.М. Гуреєв
Анотація. Обґрунтовано застосування системно-міждисциплінарного підходу
до вирішення проблем управління інноваційними процесами, особливо
у галузі планування, організації та контролю інноваційних подій. Такими про-
блемами є виправдання інноваційних подій та визначення календарних дат.
Описано принципи класифікації інновацій на основі трансдисциплінарної
моделі інформаційної одиниці порядку. Розвиток системи можна подати як
мультиплекс хвиль або як сукупність М-хвиль. Показано, що система на кож-
ному етапі свого розвитку схильна до змін певної ознаки. Описано
методологічні принципи обґрунтування календарних дат планування, прове-
дення та моніторингу реалізації заходів в інноваційному процесі.
Ключевие слова: управління інноваціями, системно-міждисциплінарний
підхід, інноваційне планування, мультиплексні хвилі (М-хвилі), нормативні
параметри інноваційного процесу.
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫМИ ПРОЦЕССАМИ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ.
СИСТЕМНО-ТРАНСДИСЦИПЛИНАРНЫЙ ПОДХОД / М.С. Мокий, П.М. Гуреев
Аннотация. Обосновано применение системно-трансдисциплинарного подхо-
да к решению задач управления инновационными процессами, особенно в об-
ласти планирования, организации и контроля инновационных мероприятий.
Такими проблемами являются обоснование новаторских мероприятий и опре-
деление календарных дат. Описаны принципы классификации инноваций на
основе трансдисциплинарной модели информационной единицы порядка. Раз-
витие системы можно представить как мультиплекс волн или как набор М-
волн. Показано, что система на каждом этапе своего развития предрасположе-
на к изменению определенного признака. Описаны методологические принци-
пы обоснования календарных сроков планирования, проведения и мониторин-
га реализации мероприятий в инновационном процессе.
Ключевые слова: управление инновациями, системно-междисциплинарный
подход, инновационное планирование, мультиплексные волны (М-волны),
нормативные параметры инновационного процесса.
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| institution | System research and information technologies |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-07-17T10:27:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | The National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" |
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| spelling | journaliasakpiua-article-2229862021-04-08T14:17:06Z The management of innovative processes in organizations. System-transdisciplinary approach Управление инновационными процессами в организациях. Системно-трансдисциплинарный подход Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід Mokiy, Michael Gureev, Paul innovation management system-interdisciplinary approach innovation planning multiplex waves (M-waves) normative parameters of the innovation process управление инновациями системно-междисциплинарный подход инновационное планирование мультиплексные волны (М-волны) нормативные параметры инновационного процесса управління інноваціями системно-міждисциплінарний підхід інноваційне планування мультиплексні хвилі (М-хвилі) нормативні параметри інноваційного процесу The article justifies the application of a system-interdisciplinary approach to solving problems of managing innovative processes, especially in the field of planning, organizing and controlling innovative events. Such problems are the justification of innovative events and the selection of their dates. The article describes the principles of innovation classification based on the interdisciplinary model of the information unit of order. The development of the system can be represented as a multiplex of waves or as a set of M-waves. It is shown that the system at each stage of its development is predisposed to changes in a certain trait. The article describes the methodological principles for justifying the dates for planning, conducting and monitoring the implementation of measures in the innovation process. Обосновано применение системно-трансдисциплинарного подхода к решению задач управления инновационными процессами, особенно в области планирования, организации и контроля инновационных мероприятий. Такими проблемами являются обоснование новаторских мероприятий и определение календарных дат. Описаны принципы классификации инноваций на основе трансдисциплинарной модели информационной единицы порядка. Развитие системы можно представить как мультиплекс волн или как набор М-волн. Показано, что система на каждом этапе своего развития предрасположена к изменению определенного признака. Описаны методологические принципы обоснования календарных сроков планирования, проведения и мониторинга реализации мероприятий в инновационном процессе. Обґрунтовано застосування системно-міждисциплінарного підходу до вирішення проблем управління інноваційними процесами, особливо у галузі планування, організації та контролю інноваційних подій. Такими проблемами є виправдання інноваційних подій та визначення календарних дат. Описано принципи класифікації інновацій на основі трансдисциплінарної моделі інформаційної одиниці порядку. Розвиток системи можна подати як мультиплекс хвиль або як сукупність М-хвиль. Показано, що система на кожному етапі свого розвитку схильна до змін певної ознаки. Описано методологічні принципи обґрунтування календарних дат планування, проведення та моніторингу реалізації заходів в інноваційному процесі. The National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" 2020-12-29 Article Article application/pdf https://journal.iasa.kpi.ua/article/view/222986 10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2020.4.01 System research and information technologies; No. 4 (2020); 7-14 Системные исследования и информационные технологии; № 4 (2020); 7-14 Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології; № 4 (2020); 7-14 2308-8893 1681-6048 en https://journal.iasa.kpi.ua/article/view/222986/227440 |
| spellingShingle | управління інноваціями системно-міждисциплінарний підхід інноваційне планування мультиплексні хвилі (М-хвилі) нормативні параметри інноваційного процесу Mokiy, Michael Gureev, Paul Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| title | Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| title_alt | The management of innovative processes in organizations. System-transdisciplinary approach Управление инновационными процессами в организациях. Системно-трансдисциплинарный подход |
| title_full | Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| title_fullStr | Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| title_full_unstemmed | Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| title_short | Управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. Системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| title_sort | управління інноваційними процесами в організаціях. системно-міждисциплінарний підхід |
| topic | управління інноваціями системно-міждисциплінарний підхід інноваційне планування мультиплексні хвилі (М-хвилі) нормативні параметри інноваційного процесу |
| topic_facet | innovation management system-interdisciplinary approach innovation planning multiplex waves (M-waves) normative parameters of the innovation process управление инновациями системно-междисциплинарный подход инновационное планирование мультиплексные волны (М-волны) нормативные параметры инновационного процесса управління інноваціями системно-міждисциплінарний підхід інноваційне планування мультиплексні хвилі (М-хвилі) нормативні параметри інноваційного процесу |
| url | https://journal.iasa.kpi.ua/article/view/222986 |
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