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The problem linked to the model development of the coordinating automatic control system has been solved in this scientific work. Such a task is relevant, as it is linked to increase the operational efficiency of the technological object due to the quality improvement of ratio control. As an object...
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| author | Gurskiy, Alexander Denisenko, Andrey Dubna, Sergey |
| author_facet | Gurskiy, Alexander Denisenko, Andrey Dubna, Sergey |
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| description | The problem linked to the model development of the coordinating automatic control system has been solved in this scientific work. Such a task is relevant, as it is linked to increase the operational efficiency of the technological object due to the quality improvement of ratio control. As an object the steam boiler has been considered, in which it is necessary to maintain the appropriate air-fuel ratio. The article describes the stages of the model development for the coordinating automatic control system ensuring the maintenance of a given ratio between controlled variables in transient modes. The support of the set ratio is ensured by the implementation of temporal subordination for control processes. Based on the analysis of modeling results, we have made the conclusion about the expediency of using the coordinating system of automatic control. Thus, the method of stepwise synthesis for coordinating control systems was further developed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2026.1.01 |
| first_indexed | 2026-04-20T01:00:21Z |
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A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna, 2026
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2026, № 1 7
TIÄC
АВТОМАТИЗОВАНІ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ
UDC 681.513
DOI: 10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2026.1.01
THE PRINCIPLES OF SYNTHESIZING THE COORDINATING
AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
A.A. GURSKIY, A.V. DENISENKO, S.M. DUBNA
Abstract. The problem linked to the model development of the coordinating
automatic control system has been solved in this scientific work. Such a task is
relevant, as it is linked to increase the operational efficiency of the technological
object due to the quality improvement of ratio control. As an object the steam boiler
has been considered, in which it is necessary to maintain the appropriate air-fuel
ratio. The article describes the stages of the model development for the coordinating
automatic control system ensuring the maintenance of a given ratio between
controlled variables in transient modes. The support of the set ratio is ensured by the
implementation of temporal subordination for control processes. Based on the
analysis of modeling results, we have made the conclusion about the expediency of
using the coordinating system of automatic control. Thus, the method of stepwise
synthesis for coordinating control systems was further developed.
Keywords: сoordinating automatic control system, ratio control, steam boiler,
stepwise synthesis for the multi-level systems.
INTRODUCTION
Temporal subordination of control processes and coordination of transient is an
important factor in order to increase the operational efficiency of some
technological objects. In this case, increasing the operating efficiency of some
objects is possible by using automatic coordinating control systems [1].
This class of automatic coordinating control systems has a certain feature of
synthesis regarding the motions separation mode. At the same time in the
systems, it must be provided the subordination of control processes according to
temporal priority conditions.
The software development for automated synthesis of coordinating control
systems linked with modern means of automation allows to realize the practical
application of multi-level control systems in order to improve the operating
efficiency of certain objects [2]. In a particular case, we have considered in this
work a steam boiler (the DKVR series) for which it is advisable to synthesize the
coordinating automatic control system. Such a coordinating system has been
developed to improve the quality in control of the air-fuel ratio for efficient
combustion of fuel.
A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2026, № 1 8
PROBLEM STATEMENT
The automation of tuning up process for the multi-level automatic control systems
on the temporal subordination of regulation processes is the important task due to
the lack of sufficiently simple methods for development systems of the
appropriate class [1, 3].
Analyzing the well-known works [1, 4], we can conclude that the
calculations are made not based on the appropriate control qualities, but on the
transformation of the original standard control algorithm while synthesizing
automatic coordinating control systems. Thus, the automated implementation for
the tuning up process of coordinating automatic control systems for given control
qualities is a relevant task. Accordingly, in order to solve this problem, it has been
considered the synthesis of a model for the steam boiler control system for which
it is important to improve the quality of regulation for the gas-air ratio in
comparison with a typical traditional control system. In this case, the value of the
integral indicator for the quality of work (the integral performance indicator) J for
the coordinating system ought to be significantly less than the value of the
integral indicator J of the typical system. Where max
0
( ( ) /J e t e
max( ) / ) ,t dt α is coefficient indicating the temporal coordination of the
control processes; ( )t is deviations from the ratio of the values of regulated
variables; max is maximum deviations from the ratio of the values of regulated
variables; e(t) is the deviation of some variable in time from the given value.
Purpose of work is to increase the operational efficiency of the
technological objects due to automating the synthesis process of multi-level
systems which ensure the temporal subordination of control processes.
To achieve this purpose, it was necessary to conduct a series of experiments
linked to the synthesis of multi-level automatic control systems. Such systems
ensure coordinated change in the values of controlled variables in transient
modes, in the particular case coordinated change of gas consumption and air
consumption to the combustion chamber of the steam boiler.
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Automation of the tuning processes for the systems of automatic control and
coordination was presented in the work [2]. The refrigeration turbocompressor
unit was considered as the control object. For the refrigeration turbocompressor
unit it was necessary to change in a coordinated manner the diffuser blades pitch
angle and the rotation speed of the turbocompressor shaft depending on cooling
water consumption in the condenser.
This paper is considered a steam boiler in which it is necessary to coordinate
the change in air consumption relative to the change in gas consumption in front
of the combustion chamber during the transients.
There are various typical ratio control systems between fuel consumption
and air consumption having both advantages and disadvantages.
The disadvantages of such methods for the regulating of gas-air ratio are that
in order to set a given ratio between the gas and air consumption we have only
The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2026, № 1 9
impact on the position of air consumption control element [5, 6]. The frequency
controller can also be used to change the air supply fan performance into the
burner.
The relevant systems use the most common air-fuel ratio control scheme in
boiler units [6–8]. According to this scheme the fuel consumption is determined
depending on the thermal load (steam consumption requirement) and the air
consumption is regulated to provide the appropriate air-fuel ratio.
To improve the quality of regulation and liquidate the deviation from the set
ratio we need to use not only one control action, as implemented in the standard
control schemes. In this case it is necessary to implement an automatic system of
coordinating control.
For example, a well-known scheme of the coordinating control system is
presented in the scientific work by L.M. Boychuk [9]. This work shows the need
to transform typical control schemes during the regulation of ratios and the need
to decompose systems at the level when tuning up on the subordination of control
processes. The disadvantage is that the coordinating system was not considered
for the regulation of ratio between gas consumption and air consumption in the
boiler unit. Also, in scientific work by L.M. Boychuk [9] it has not been
considered in order to improve the ratio control quality due to simultaneous
additional coordinating links between control actions with automatic optimization
of the operating modes of objects.
Thus, we have developed in this work a model of the control system for the
steam boiler, which has the appropriate coordinating links between the control
loops, taking into account the correction of the ratio and optimization of the
operating mode of the boiler unit.
MAIN PART
It is known that in fairly frequent cases we strive for autonomy of control loops
through dynamic decoupling of control channels. However, independence (i.e.,
the dynamic decoupling) of control channels from each other may be
unnecessary, in particular when ensuring coordination of controlled variables
during transients. The term “coordination” is found not only in the field of
automatic control and in the field of control the term “coordination” is ambiguous
in turn. But in this case coordination is a type of control, along with stabilization
and tracking which is associated with the coordination of transients. We are
talking exclusively about the coordinating automatic control systems.
The example of various transients is shown in Fig. 1 [1]. Such processes
presented in Fig. 1, b are difficult to receive in the class of tracking automatic
control systems or program system. It is obvious that the transient processes
presented in Fig. 1, b can occur with a coordinating automatic control system.
Such transients in the system can occur if there is a subordination of control
processes or a motions separation mode. The different motion trajectory of
systems in the space of controlled variables X1 and X2 is shown in Fig. 1, с. In the
motions separation mode at first from the initial point X0 there is a mode of fast
motions to the manifold m1 and then in a mode of slow motions to the end point
Хк. In this case the manifold m1 is determined by the ratio between the variables
Х1 and Х2.
A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2026, № 1 10
Fig. 1. Examples of transients in a typical automatic control system and in the coordi-
nating automatic control system
It is shown in Fig. 2 the classic (typical) diagram of an automatic control
system in which is implemented maintenance the ratio between the controlled
variables X1 and X2. But the coordinated change of controlled variables X1 and X2
is impossible to carry out in the dynamically unconnected system. In order to
implement the subordination of control processes and ensure the motions
separation mode we need availability cross-links between the control loops shown
by the dotted lines in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Structural diagram of the typical control system and geometric formalization of the
control task
In such a system we can possess two or more given ratios represented by
equations of the form: 1 2Х k Х b , where b is a constant. Accordingly,
deviations from the ratio is 2 1k Х Х b or in vector form is TА X b ,
where
TА is the matrix of ratio coefficients. As shown in Fig. 2, in the space of
variables X1 and X2 the ratios are presented in the form of straight lines possessing
one common intersection point M. In such a system (in a system with cross-links)
we can distinguish two subsystems. One system is named varying and the other
system is stabilizing. One system is linked to elimination of deviations φ1 from
the ratio, the other is connected to deviation φ2. Herewith the control vector Up of
the varying system is directed towards Manifold One m1 and the vector Uq of the
stabilizing subsystem is directed towards Manifold Two m2 of regulated ratios.
Then the composition of these two subsystems and the addition of these two
The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2026, № 1 11
vectors lead to the emergence vector U directed to the point for intersection M of
the lines. When adding two vectors Up + Uq we cannot to obtain the subordination
of control processes, therefore we need to add coefficient а with this operation.
So, in a system configured for the motions separation mode we can show
U Up Uq , where α is the coefficient which the temporal subordination of
control processes and respectively the motions separation mode.
As an example, we have considered the classic scheme of the automatic air-
fuel ratio control system in the steam boiler while stabilizing the pressure of
steam in the boiler drum (shown in Fig. 3).
The parameters of the steam boiler control channel are known. The control
channel “control action u1g by gas consumption – steam pressure Рп” is described
by the 2nd order transfer function in this form 1
1 2
( )
( 1) ( 1)
s
up
k eW s
T s T s
,
where τ is time delay; T1, T2 are the time constants for the boiler. The dynamic
properties of the boiler we can also describe by transfer function of the 1st order
aperiodic link with a delay 1( )
1
s
up
k eW s
T s
, where, T = 200–300 sec.,
τ/Т = 0.025 [10–12]. Accordingly, the inertia of the air consumption control
channel is significantly less than the inertia of the steam pressure control channel. The
air consumption control channel is “the control action u2V on the air consumption
linked with a change in the angle of the guide blades for the blower fan – the air
consumption GV before the economizer and the boiler furnace”. This channel is
described by the nonlinear static characteristic of a blowing centrifugal fan.
The tuning parameters for the boiler PID controller we can determine
based on the parameters of the control channels and optimize by the appropriate
criterion for the quality of system operation.
Fig. 3. Structural and technological diagram of the steam boiler
A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2026, № 1 12
Thus, in the MATLAB\Simulink 5.2 software environment we have
optimized the steam pressure PID controller parameters, then we have carried out
optimization of the parameters for the ratio controller according to such integral
criterion of system quality: 02 0
( )J e t dt
, where e(t) is the difference
between the actual and set values of the controlled variable (Fig. 4).
а b
Fig. 4. The optimization results of parameters for the PID steam pressure controller in the
boiler drum (a) and the ratio controller (b)
In order to synthesize such coordinating automatic control system, we can
decompose the coordinating system into two systems. System one is the single-
level coordinating automatic control system presented in Fig. 5. System
Two is the stabilizing system and also the 2nd level of the coordinating system.
Fig. 5. Block diagram of the model for a single-level coordinating automatic control
system presented by using MATLAB\Simulink
The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2026, № 1 13
As shown in Fig. 5, two PID controllers are used simultaneously to process
the deviation from the ratio of controlled variables. This is a distinctive feature of
systems for this class. It is obvious that if one of the controllers (PID2 or PID3) is
excluded from the system and one of the control actions is fixed at a certain value,
then the quality of the ratio control will noticeably deteriorate. In this case such
system will convert from a coordinating system into a tracking one or into a
regular stabilization one. But when two PID-controllers operate simultaneously
and the values of two controlled variables change towards decreasing of deviation
from the given ratio, then the quality of control ratio is noticeably higher.
The control law of a single-level coordinating system is as follows:
1 1 11 12
2 2 21 22
(1
(1
q
q
q
u k k p k p
u
u k k p k p
, (1)
where TA X b , 1TA k , 1
2
x
X
x
is a vector of controlled
variables, k1, k2, k12, k11, k21, k22 are the tuning parameters of PID controllers.
The tuning parameters for the PID2 controller are determined as in the
previous case based on the parameters of the control channel u2 – Х3, and the
tuning parameters for the PID3 are determined based on the parameters of the
channel u1 – Х2.
As a result of modeling for a single-level coordinating system we have
determined that depending on the initial conditions or under the various actions
2
1u , 2
2u , deviations from the ratio are eliminated for 12–15 seconds and whilst
various steady-state values of the controlled variables are implemented. We can
see it in Fig. 6 showing the graphs of various transients by the deviation from
the ratio and by air consumption Х3.
In order to ensure stabilization of the controlled variables at the specified
value, it is necessary to add to the system an extra stabilizing level, in which the
deviations from another specified ratio can be processed.
а
b
Fig. 6. Curves of transients by deviation from the specified ratio between the controlled
variables (a) and step responses curves of the controlled variable X3 (b)
A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2026, № 1 14
The structural diagram of the stabilization system model is presented in Fig.
7. In the stabilizing system of this model we can see some additional connection
in addition to the PID controller. This connection sets the required value of the
controlled variable Х3 (air consumption), relative to the control action u1 on the
controlled variable Х2 (gas consumption). Such additional cross-link with the
transmission coefficient ( uk ) improves the quality of control by steam pressure in
the boiler drum (according to the variable Х1).
Fig. 7. Block diagram of the model for a single-level stabilizing control system presented
by using MATLAB\Simulink
The systems shown in Figs. 5 and 7 have the same control object (plant or
process) therefore we can combine them into one system. The structural diagram
for the model of such a combined system is presented in Fig. 8.
To synthesize such a system and to move from the coordinating level of the
system to the stabilizing level we need to select the leading control variable and,
respectively the slave control one. In this case, X2 is as the leading control
variable and, respectively Х3 is the slave control one. Thus, another control loop
appears in order to stabilize the variables at a set value. By Fig. 8, such a control
loop appears when the switch KL1 is closed. But with such a system the control
loop of steam pressure with the PID controller is the stabilizing subsystem, and
when the KL1 contact is closed, we can see an additional internal control loop to
stabilize the variable X2.
The control law of this coordinating system is two-level and it can be
represented as follows:
3 31 321
1. 1
1 2 3 31 322
(1 )
( )
(1 )q p q z
u u
k k р k рu
u u u u Х X
k k k р k рu
,
where qu is the control vector of the 1st level, according to expression (1), k3, k31,
k32 are the tuning parameters of the 2nd level, where k3, k1, k2 are the parameters
of the 1st control level, according to expression (1). They determine the time
subordination of the control processes and, respectively, the mode separation of
motions in the system.
The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2026, № 1 15
Fig. 8. Block diagram of the model for a two-level coordinated automatic control system
presented by using the MATLAB\Simulink environment
In such a system the tuning parameters of the PID and PID2 controllers
have already optimized at the previous stage during the synthesis of the classical
(typical) system. At the next stage the tuning parameters of the PID 3 controller
have optimized by the following integral criterion of quality for system operation:
02 0
( ) ( ) ,J t e t dt
where α is the weighting factor.
The results of the optimization for the PID 3 controller parameters are
presented in Fig. 9. The presented transient process (Fig. 9) demonstrates how
significant the quality of the air-gas ratio control has improved when comparing
with the results presented in Fig. 4.
At the last stage the value of the coefficient 1 2u uk of the cross-link between
the control actions u1 and u2 has optimized by the previous integral criterion,
which has provided an extra improvement in the quality of control.
а b
Fig. 9. The parameter optimizing results for the coordinating level of the system
A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2026, № 1 16
RESEARCH RESULTS
In this scientific article it has been carried out the modeling of various automatic
control systems in the MATLAB\Simulink 5.2 software environment. The
simulation results are presented in Fig. 10. It is evident from Fig. 10, b that in
terms of the quality of ratio regulation the typical automatic control system
(graph 1) functions significantly worse than the coordinating system (curves 2, 3),
which contains additional cross-links between the control loops. However, the
quality of steam pressure control is insignificantly worse while coordinating the
controlled variables, unlike the typical control system. It is noticeable by
comparing curves 1 and 3 in Fig. 10, a.
Fig. 10. The transients in various control systems, 1 is dynamic characteristic in the
traditional control system; 2, 3 are dynamic characteristics in coordinating automatic
control systems
The motions separation mode is clearly seen when considering motion of the
system in space of the controlled variables Х2, Х3 (gas-air) shown in Fig. 11, a, b.
The motion trajectory of the coordinating system is shown in Fig. 11, a. As shown
in Fig. 11, a as per the motions separation mode at first the mode of fast motions
comes from point A to point B located on the manifold m submitted by the dashed
line. Then in the m ode of slow motions along the manifold m of the controlled
ratio we can see the movement from point B to point C representing the final
steady state. Due to the disturbing effect in such system the movement occurs
from point C to point D along the manifold m. In Fig. 10 we have indicated points
C and D in the graphs of the transients appropriating to steady conditions.
The motions separation mode is absent in a typical system of the steam
boiler control. This is noticeable when considering the movement of the system in
the space of controlled variables Х2, Х3. It is presented in Fig. 11, b. As shown in
Fig. 11, b, any transients and, hence, any movement of the system is associated
with away from the manifold m (submitted by the dashed line) which represents
the set of optimal states for gas combustion in the boiler furnace.
The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems
Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології, 2026, № 1 17
а b
Fig. 11. Movement of the coordinating (a) and typical systems (b) in the space of
controlled variables
DISCUSSION
As a result of studies and based on simulation results, we have determined that
during the coordinating automatic control system the quality of regulation for the
gas-air ratio is significantly higher. But at the same time the coordinated change
of gas consumption relative to air consumption and vice versa has not worsened
significantly the regulation quality of steam pressure in the boiler drum with
appropriate cross-link. This cross-link exists with the transfer coefficient uk
between the control actions for gas and air consumption control. Thus, as per the
optimization results presented in Fig. 9, a, b we have the cross-link with the
coefficient 1 2u uk
allowing reducing significantly the value of the appropriate
integral indicator for quality of system operation.
Ultimately, we have got the structural diagram of automatic control system
shown in Fig. 12 as per the diagram of a model for the coordinating system
presented by means of MATLAB\Simulink 5.2 (Fig. 8). In Fig. 12 we can see
such a system differing mainly from the typical control system of the steam boiler
by the presence of cross-links with links 3 and 4 and the peculiarity of tuning on
the temporal subordination of control processes appropriate the motions
separation mode. The diagram is also shown the automatic optimizer (AO)
correcting the gas-air ratio.
Hence, the coefficient of the gas-air ratio (determining the required air flow
depending on the Gg gas consumption) can be correcting through the signal uо
which has come from the output of the automatic optimizer 8. The automatic
optimizer 8 forms the uо correction signal depending on the oxygen content vo in
the flue gases and in the indicator of gas (fuel) combustion efficiency. So
automatic optimizer 8 is contained in the optimization level of the system, PID
controller 2 and unit 3 are contained in the stabilization level, and PID 4 and 5
controllers are contained in the coordination level of the system.
Notably, as per the structural diagram presented in Fig. 12, the complete
composition of the control system must contain the underpressure Py control
loops in the boiler furnace and the control loops of water level in the boiler drum.
A.А. Gurskiy, A.V. Denisenko, S.M. Dubna
ISSN 1681–6048 System Research & Information Technologies, 2026, № 1 18
Such control loops cause certain disturbances in the considered system for the air
and gas consumption in the boiler furnace taken into account during the synthesis
of system models.
Fig. 12. Block diagram of the coordinating automatic control system
CONCLUSIONS
This article focuses on the development of a stepwise synthesis for the multi-level
coordinating system providing the air-gas (air-fuel) ratio control in the steam
boiler. It has been considered this stepwise synthesis of the control system, which
is necessary for subsequent verification of the automation for tuning process of
the appropriate systems. So, the method of synthesizing the coordinating
automatic control systems has been further developed.
These conducted studies have confirmed the fundamental suitability of the
algorithms for step-by-step tuning of the coordinating systems on the motions
separation mode. The developed models allow approaching the definite solution
of a practical problem linked to the automated tuning of control systems based on
the up-to-date programs connected with the latest automation tools.
Thus, the further research should be directly related to the automation for
tuning process of the coordinating automatic control systems.
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Received 20.02.2025
INFORMATION ON THE ARTICLE
Alexander A. Gurskiy, ORCID: 0000-0001-5158-2125, Odesa National University of
Technology, Ukraine, e-mail: gurskiya2017@gmail.com
Andrey V. Denisenko, ORCID: 0000-0002-8610-0082, National University “Odessa
Polytechnics”, Ukraine, e-mail: denisenko.a.v@op.edu.ua
Sergey M. Dubna, ORCID: 0009-0002-1181-9110, Odesa National University of
Technology, Ukraine, e-mail: dubna_s@ukr.net
ПРИНЦИПИ СИНТЕЗУ КООРДИНУВАЛЬНИХ СИСТЕМ АВТОМАТИЧНОГО
УПРАВЛІННЯ / O.O. Гурський, А.В. Денисенко, С.М. Дубна
Анотація. Вирішено завдання, що пов’язане з розробленням моделей
координувальних систем автоматичного управління. Це завдання актуальне,
оскільки спрямоване на підвищення ефективності функціонування техно-
логічних об’єктів завдяки покращенню якості регулювання співвідношення
між регульованими змінними. Як приклад розглянуто паровий котел, у якому
необхідно підтримувати відповідне співвідношення газ–повітря. Представлено
етапи розроблення моделі координувальної системи автоматичного управ-
ління, яка забезпечує підтримання заданого співвідношення між регульо-
ваними змінними у перехідних режимах. Підтримання заданого співвід-
ношення забезпечується через реалізацію підпорядкованості процесів
регулювання. Проведені експерименти показали принципову придатність
визначеного поетапного алгоритму синтезу, який можна покласти в основу
автоматизації процесу налаштування систем на підпорядкованість процесів
регулювання.
Ключові слова: координувальна система автоматичного управління, регулю-
вання співвідношення, паровий котел, поетапне налаштування багаторівневих
систем управління.
|
| id | journaliasakpiua-article-357628 |
| institution | System research and information technologies |
| keywords_txt_mv | keywords |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-04-20T01:00:21Z |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | The National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" |
| record_format | ojs |
| resource_txt_mv | journaliasakpiua/9a/1cb5e5a5a4caf1b47101d0904945499a.pdf |
| spelling | journaliasakpiua-article-3576282026-04-19T21:53:19Z The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління Gurskiy, Alexander Denisenko, Andrey Dubna, Sergey координувальна система автоматичного управління регулювання співвідношення паровий котел поетапне налаштування багаторівневих систем управління сoordinating automatic control system ratio control steam boiler stepwise synthesis for the multi-level systems The problem linked to the model development of the coordinating automatic control system has been solved in this scientific work. Such a task is relevant, as it is linked to increase the operational efficiency of the technological object due to the quality improvement of ratio control. As an object the steam boiler has been considered, in which it is necessary to maintain the appropriate air-fuel ratio. The article describes the stages of the model development for the coordinating automatic control system ensuring the maintenance of a given ratio between controlled variables in transient modes. The support of the set ratio is ensured by the implementation of temporal subordination for control processes. Based on the analysis of modeling results, we have made the conclusion about the expediency of using the coordinating system of automatic control. Thus, the method of stepwise synthesis for coordinating control systems was further developed. Вирішено завдання, що пов’язане з розробленням моделей координувальних систем автоматичного управління. Це завдання актуальне, оскільки спрямоване на підвищення ефективності функціонування техно-логічних об’єктів завдяки покращенню якості регулювання співвідношення між регульованими змінними. Як приклад розглянуто паровий котел, у якому необхідно підтримувати відповідне співвідношення газ-повітря. Представлено етапи розроблення моделі координувальної системи автоматичного управління, яка забезпечує підтримання заданого співвідношення між регульованими змінними у перехідних режимах. Підтримання заданого співвідношення забезпечується через реалізацію підпорядкованості процесів регулювання. Проведені експерименти показали принципову придатність визначеного поетапного алгоритму синтезу, який можна покласти в основу автоматизації процесу налаштування систем на підпорядкованість процесів регулювання. The National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" 2026-03-31 Article Article application/pdf https://journal.iasa.kpi.ua/article/view/357628 10.20535/SRIT.2308-8893.2026.1.01 System research and information technologies; No. 1 (2026); 7-19 Системные исследования и информационные технологии; № 1 (2026); 7-19 Системні дослідження та інформаційні технології; № 1 (2026); 7-19 2308-8893 1681-6048 en https://journal.iasa.kpi.ua/article/view/357628/343989 |
| spellingShingle | координувальна система автоматичного управління регулювання співвідношення паровий котел поетапне налаштування багаторівневих систем управління Gurskiy, Alexander Denisenko, Andrey Dubna, Sergey Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| title | Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| title_alt | The principles of synthesizing the coordinating automatic control systems |
| title_full | Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| title_fullStr | Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| title_full_unstemmed | Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| title_short | Принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| title_sort | принципи синтезу координувальних систем автоматичного управління |
| topic | координувальна система автоматичного управління регулювання співвідношення паровий котел поетапне налаштування багаторівневих систем управління |
| topic_facet | координувальна система автоматичного управління регулювання співвідношення паровий котел поетапне налаштування багаторівневих систем управління сoordinating automatic control system ratio control steam boiler stepwise synthesis for the multi-level systems |
| url | https://journal.iasa.kpi.ua/article/view/357628 |
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