Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites
Thermobarometry of xenolites/xenocrysts from 39 kimberlites of Eurasia, Africa, and North America demonstrates that the deepest xenolites, as well as all the other, are exhumed from the depleted lithosphere implying in agreement with petrologic and geochemical data that the kimberlite sources are si...
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| Дата: | 2013 |
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Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine
2013
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| Назва журналу: | Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal |
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journalsuranua-geofizicheskiy-article-1164452020-10-07T11:59:47Z Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites Aryasova, O. V. Khazan, Ya. M. Thermobarometry of xenolites/xenocrysts from 39 kimberlites of Eurasia, Africa, and North America demonstrates that the deepest xenolites, as well as all the other, are exhumed from the depleted lithosphere implying in agreement with petrologic and geochemical data that the kimberlite sources are situated within the limits of the depleted lithosphere. It follows from the thermobarometric data that the deepest xenolite depth decreases with increasing reference heat flow (RHF) characterizing a lithospheric geotherm. Conditions controlling formation of a rheological sublayer at the lithosphere-astenosphere boundary have been studied. In agreement with observations, a geodynamic model implies that the mantle convection reaches the base of depleted lithosphere of a "cratonic" thickness (> 130-150 km) during the post-Archean. The rheological sublayer partially penetrates the lithosphere. As a result, a layer of strongly sheared rocks form, wherefrom deepest and severely deformed xenoliths with fluidal microstructure similar to that of crustal mylonites seem to be entrained by kimberlites. The relation between the depleted lithosphere thickness and the reference heat flow predicted by the model agrees well with the thermobarometry data. In whole, the present results support the model of the kimberlite genesis assuming that the kimberlite magmatism originates from an interaction of the plume "head" with lithosphere. While this "head" propagates laterally, it follows the re-lief of the lithosphere base, metasomatizes lithosphere, and initiates melting with the melt composition depending on pressure at the lithosphere base. Particularly, under the conditions of the cratonic lithosphere base the melts have kimberlitic composition. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine 2013-10-01 Article Article application/pdf https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/116445 10.24028/gzh.0203-3100.v35i5.2013.116445 Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal; Vol. 35 No. 5 (2013); 150-171 Геофизический журнал; Том 35 № 5 (2013); 150-171 Геофізичний журнал; Том 35 № 5 (2013); 150-171 2524-1052 0203-3100 rus https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/116445/110474 Copyright (c) 2020 Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| institution |
Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal |
| collection |
OJS |
| language |
rus |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Aryasova, O. V. Khazan, Ya. M. |
| spellingShingle |
Aryasova, O. V. Khazan, Ya. M. Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| author_facet |
Aryasova, O. V. Khazan, Ya. M. |
| author_sort |
Aryasova, O. V. |
| title |
Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| title_short |
Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| title_full |
Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| title_fullStr |
Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| title_sort |
interaction of mantle convection with the lithosphere and the origin of kimberlites |
| description |
Thermobarometry of xenolites/xenocrysts from 39 kimberlites of Eurasia, Africa, and North America demonstrates that the deepest xenolites, as well as all the other, are exhumed from the depleted lithosphere implying in agreement with petrologic and geochemical data that the kimberlite sources are situated within the limits of the depleted lithosphere. It follows from the thermobarometric data that the deepest xenolite depth decreases with increasing reference heat flow (RHF) characterizing a lithospheric geotherm. Conditions controlling formation of a rheological sublayer at the lithosphere-astenosphere boundary have been studied. In agreement with observations, a geodynamic model implies that the mantle convection reaches the base of depleted lithosphere of a "cratonic" thickness (> 130-150 km) during the post-Archean. The rheological sublayer partially penetrates the lithosphere. As a result, a layer of strongly sheared rocks form, wherefrom deepest and severely deformed xenoliths with fluidal microstructure similar to that of crustal mylonites seem to be entrained by kimberlites. The relation between the depleted lithosphere thickness and the reference heat flow predicted by the model agrees well with the thermobarometry data. In whole, the present results support the model of the kimberlite genesis assuming that the kimberlite magmatism originates from an interaction of the plume "head" with lithosphere. While this "head" propagates laterally, it follows the re-lief of the lithosphere base, metasomatizes lithosphere, and initiates melting with the melt composition depending on pressure at the lithosphere base. Particularly, under the conditions of the cratonic lithosphere base the melts have kimberlitic composition. |
| publisher |
Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/116445 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT aryasovaov interactionofmantleconvectionwiththelithosphereandtheoriginofkimberlites AT khazanyam interactionofmantleconvectionwiththelithosphereandtheoriginofkimberlites |
| first_indexed |
2024-04-21T19:40:51Z |
| last_indexed |
2024-04-21T19:40:51Z |
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