On the transformation of the coordinates of points from the SK-42 system to WGS-84

• Дата: 2019
• Автор: Yakimchik, A. I.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Російська
• Опубліковано: S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine 2019
• Теми: geodetic coordinates Pulkovo 1942; ellipsoid WGS-84; Earth's normal gravity field; data conversion; software
• Онлайн доступ: https://journals.uran.ua/geofizicheskiy/article/view/183641
• Назва журналу: Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal

The significant and effective use of global positioning satellite systems for solution of important theoretical and applied problems of Earth sciences means the preserving of the possibility to use a huge quantity of geodetic, cartographic, gravimetric and other data created on the basis of traditional methods and in different referencing coordinate systems. It is impossible without the correct coordinate transformation at the transition from one system to another. The determination of the coordinates of points using the satellite radio navigation system NAVSTAR GPS is closely related to the world geodetic coordinate system WGS-84. At the same time, data on gravity observations within the Pulkovo 1942 coordinate system have been accumulated in large volumes. It is obvious the need for recalculation of coordinates given in different systems. Information is given on the coordinate systems, geodetic coordinates, units of measurement, display formats for latitude and longitude values. The reference coordinate system of Pulkovo 1942 and the modern world geodetic system WGS-84 are described in sufficient detail. Formulas are given for calculating the normal gravity in these systems. Historical background and classification of coordinate transformation methods are considered. Significant role is given to the high-precision method of Molodensky and the modified Helmert method of coordinate transformation. The standard method of Molodensky is described at the level it is described in official open reports of US government agencies. Programs are considered that automate the solution of the problem of recalculating the coordinates of objects, as well as the issues of transformation of coordinate systems in geographical information systems. The attention is focused on the rash use of the software that might lead to some very strange and inexplicable results.