RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE EARTH’S CRUST AND MANTLE OF UKRAINE IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE XXI CENTURY ACCORDING TO GEOPHYSICAL DATA

• Дата: 2025
• Автори: Старостенко, В.І., Гінтов, О.Б.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Institute of Geological Sciences, NAS of Ukraine 2025
• Теми: Ukraine; tectonics; deep structure; geophysics; seismic sounding; earth’s crust; mantle
• Онлайн доступ: http://geojournal.igs-nas.org.ua/article/view/316107
• Назва журналу: Geological journal

The paper focuses on the studies at the beginning of the XXI century, which made a decisive contribution to the revision of some issues related to geodynamic processes and elucidation of tectonics and deep structure of the territory of Ukraine. The main geophysical method is deep seismic sounding of the Earth’s crust and mantle in the wide-angle reflection/refraction modification, which was carried out in Ukraine by an international team of geophysicists and geologists at the Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine with the participation of specialists from Ukraine and many European countries. The deep seismic sounding was accompanied by the construction of density, geomagnetic, geothermal, geoelectric, tectonophysical, seismic and tomographic models of the crust and mantle, and was supplemented by the materials of geological survey and determination of the isotopic age of rocks. The fault and megablock structure of the Ukrainian Shield and the layered structure of its crust, the deep structure and origin of the Dnipro-Donetsk Depression, Volyn-Podolsk Plate, Trans-European Suture Zone and other geostructures were considered. Deep seismic surveys and wide-angle reflection/ refraction profiles have identified fault zones that extend into the mantle and sink into the crust. Tectonophysical studies have revealed sub-horizontal movements along the faults, as well as horizontal stress fields covering the crust of the regions of Ukraine. These data indicate that, since the Neoarchean, the Ukrainian Shield has been developing by the mechanisms of plateplume tectonics, and with regard to the Dnipro-Donetsk depression rift-syneclise, it is concluded that the most correct hypothesis of its formation may be the rift-generating geodynamic hypothesis, which is based on the established existence of the Paleotethys ocean and the unification of the continents of Lavrusia and Gondwana in the Carboniferous-Triassic by subduction-collision.