Характеристики рівноваг ланцюгів постачання

• Дата: 2019
• Автори: Горбачук, Василь Михайлович, Дунаєсвький, Максим Сергійович, Морозов, Олександр Олександрович
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Ukrainian
• Опубліковано: Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University 2019
• Онлайн доступ: http://mcm-tech.kpnu.edu.ua/article/view/173696
• Назва журналу: Mathematical and computer modelling. Series: Technical sciences

The goal of this work is to develop a basic theory of global supply chains. Let the world economy consist of an arbitrary number of countries having the only production factor (labor) and producing the only final good requiring continuum of intermediate products. The final good is the result of consequtive stages for production of intermediate products where mistakes occur during the production processes. One can prove there is the only free trade equilibrium where the countries with lower probabilities of mistakes on all stages are specialized on the later stages of production. Using the simple theoretical basis, one may suggest a form of vertical specialization for interdependent countries.Policy makers, business leaders, economists equally pay attention to the phenomenon of vertical specialization. The option of transboundary fragmentation for production processes affects amounts, features, and consequences of international trade. The issues how global and local technology changes influnce on participation of various countries in the same supply chain, how vertical specialization influence on interdependence of countries remain opened.As the general equilibrium models with an arbitrary (large) number of products and countries, regardless of sequential production presence, do not give clear comparative static predictions, a simple trade theory with sequential production is needed. It requires some ideas about hierarchies in partial equilibrium models of a closed economy. The environment where production may contain mistakes is the focus. Models of hierarchies have been applied to the international trade questions. For instance, the kowledge economy model is used for research of transboundary matching between agents with nonuniform abilities and corresponding consequences for inequality in a given country. Inequality in a country due to hierarchies at trade has been investigated by other models as well. It is assumed all people of a given country have equal abilities.