Аналіз методів MPM/APIC та SPH для імплементації фізичної мо-делі в ігровий рушій для комп’ютерної симуляції напружено-деформованого стану пористих середовищ

• Дата: 2026
• Автори: Биков, Віктор, Жуковська, Наталія
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University 2026
• Онлайн доступ: https://mcm-tech.kpnu.edu.ua/article/view/354827
• Назва журналу: Mathematical and computer modelling. Series: Technical sciences

This scientific paper addresses the problem of developing an efficient and physically grounded model for the computer simulation of the stress-strain state of porous media in real-time environments, particularly in modern game engines. The relevance of the study is driven by the growing demand for realism in interactive visualizations used not only in the video game industry, but also in virtual reality, training systems, engineering simulators, and scientific research. Porous media, such as soil, sand, granular materials, or biological structures, are characterized by complex mechanical behavior that includes a combination of elastic, plastic, and viscoplastic properties, as well as significant geometric deformations, which makes their adequate numerical modeling particularly challenging. The paper investigates the application of modern particle-based methods, in particular the Material Point Method (MPM), its extension Affine Particle-In-Cell (APIC), as well as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), as alternatives to classical grid-based methods. The architectural features of integrating these methods into game engines are considered using Unreal Engine as an example. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of using hybrid approaches, particularly APIC, to achieve a balance between physical accuracy and computational efficiency. The proposed approach may serve as a foundation for further research into the realistic simulation of complex materials in real time, as well as for expanding the functional capabilities of modern interactive systems.