The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support
Ways to improve the section sustainability of the complete mechanical hydraulic roof supports are analyzed. Theoretical and graphical relations of the stability margin sections for the complete roof supports in dependence with the extractive production angle while different motion schemes are obtain...
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1046522025-02-09T12:24:41Z The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support Исследование устойчивости секций комплектной гидравлической механизированной крепи Дослідження стійкості секцій комплектного гідравлічного механізованого кріплення Felonenko, S.V. Gubkina, V.V. Геомеханіка Ways to improve the section sustainability of the complete mechanical hydraulic roof supports are analyzed. Theoretical and graphical relations of the stability margin sections for the complete roof supports in dependence with the extractive production angle while different motion schemes are obtained. Виконано аналіз напрямів підвищення стійкості секцій комплектного механізованого гідравлічного кріплення, одержано теоретичні та графічні залежності запасу стійкості секцій комплектного кріплення від кута нахилу добувної виробки при різних схемах їх переміщення. Выполнен анализ направлений повышения устойчивости секций комплектной механизированной гидравлической крепи, получены теоретические и графические зависимости запаса устойчивости секций комплектной крепи от угла наклона очистной выработки при различных схемах их передвижки. 2015 Article The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support / S.V. Felonenko, V.V. Gubkina // Розробка родовищ: Зб. наук. пр. — 2015. — Т. 9. — С. 327-333. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. 2415-3435 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/104652 622.28 en Розробка родовищ application/pdf УкрНДМІ НАН України, Інститут геотехнічної механіки НАН України |
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Геомеханіка Геомеханіка |
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Геомеханіка Геомеханіка Felonenko, S.V. Gubkina, V.V. The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support Розробка родовищ |
| description |
Ways to improve the section sustainability of the complete mechanical hydraulic roof supports are analyzed. Theoretical and graphical relations of the stability margin sections for the complete roof supports in dependence with the extractive production angle while different motion schemes are obtained. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Felonenko, S.V. Gubkina, V.V. |
| author_facet |
Felonenko, S.V. Gubkina, V.V. |
| author_sort |
Felonenko, S.V. |
| title |
The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support |
| title_short |
The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support |
| title_full |
The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support |
| title_fullStr |
The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support |
| title_sort |
stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support |
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УкрНДМІ НАН України, Інститут геотехнічної механіки НАН України |
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2015 |
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Геомеханіка |
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https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/104652 |
| citation_txt |
The stability research of complete hydraulic sections of mechanized roof support / S.V. Felonenko, V.V. Gubkina // Розробка родовищ: Зб. наук. пр. — 2015. — Т. 9. — С. 327-333. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Розробка родовищ |
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| fulltext |
327
УДК 622.28 © S.V. Felonenko, V.V. Gubkina
S.V. Felonenko, V.V. Gubkina
THE STABILITY RESEARCH OF COMPLETE HYDRAULIC
SECTIONS OF MECHANIZED ROOF SUPPORT
Ways to improve the section sustainability of the complete mechanical hydraulic roof supports
are analyzed. Theoretical and graphical relations of the stability margin sections for the
complete roof supports in dependence with the extractive production angle while different
motion schemes are obtained.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СТІЙКОСТІ СЕКЦІЙ КОМПЛЕКТНОГО ГІДРАВЛІЧНОГО
МЕХАНІЗОВАНОГО КРІПЛЕННЯ
Виконано аналіз напрямів підвищення стійкості секцій комплектного механізованого
гідравлічного кріплення, одержано теоретичні та графічні залежності запасу
стійкості секцій комплектного кріплення від кута нахилу добувної виробки при різних
схемах їх переміщення.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ СЕКЦИЙ КОМПЛЕКТНОЙ ГИДРАВЛИЧЕСКОЙ
МЕХАНИЗИРОВАННОЙ КРЕПИ
Выполнен анализ направлений повышения устойчивости секций комплектной
механизированной гидравлической крепи, получены теоретические и графические
зависимости запаса устойчивости секций комплектной крепи от угла наклона
очистной выработки при различных схемах их передвижки.
INTRODUCTION
Mechanization of stoping works in coal
mines is carried out due to extended applying
of complexes and aggregates. Powered hydro-
ficated roof support performing a number of
technical functions among which working
support is the main one being considered as a
basic complex machine and aggregate. Pow-
ered roof support is a completely new type of
mining machines equipped with extensional
and special hydro drive comprising a pump of
permanent performance and the system of cyl-
inders consuming power energy. Earlier min-
eral oils were used as working liquids in the
hydro drive systems of mechanized roof sup-
port. Then mineral oils were changed for non-
combustible and less expensive liquids. At
present powered roof support is defined as a
mining machine disposed along the whole
length of a mining face and composed of self-
advanced sections. The roof support is served
for supporting side rocks and keeping stoping
face in safe and working conditions. It pro-
vides mechanizing support processes, roof
control and moving a face conveyer and com-
plex base along with a winning machine.
A powered support consists of a highly
strained steel construction in terms of power
relation ensuring the maintenance of the roof
rocks by the system of hydraulic props and
providing compliant resistance to roof rocks
subsidence. Hydraulic advancing cylinders of
support roof and face conveyer flight along
with a winning machine and other hydraulic
mechanisms are designed for auxiliary opera-
328
tions including directional movement of roof
support sections, their leveling off and back-
lash overlapping.
The control of powered roof support sec-
tions can be: manual remote control from the
adjacent section or remote central control im-
posed on the drift; automated group or auto-
mated remote from the central control,
including the use of telemechanical informa-
tion and diagnostics based on microprocessor
technology.
Automated control systems of the powered
roof support, winning machine and face con-
veyer create real prerequisites for conducting
the process of coal mining without the con-
stant presence of workers in the working face.
Currently, extracting seams having thick-
ness from 0,7 to 5 m is impossible without
applying the power roof support. The real area
of using powered supports is clearly defined,
and the variety of geological conditions while
extracting seams of different thickness made
the engineers design different types of pow-
ered roof supports adjusted to work not only
in favourable conditions but also in complex
mining and geological conditions specified by
roof rocks which are hard to be broken and
weak and unstable roof rocks or soil.
Confining pressure changes across the
width of the working space and roof support
has uneven loads. Therefore, the construction
and parameters of the support should provide
rational distribution of support resistance
along the width of the working space.
Section resistance to roof lowering and, in
particular, along the whole long face is of a
variable value. And most of the time, sections
can operate with the resistance lower than the
nominal one. Since the roof support is de-
signed in terms of specified operating pres-
sure (all the costs spent on creating the roof
support are calculated based on this condi-
tion), and it is operated with alternative pres-
sure, the concept of roof support use should
be introduced.
In order to improve the efficiency of the
use of powered roof supports and expand their
application within the seams with unstable
and difficult to be broken roof rocks, the re-
search in the following areas is carried out:
increasing nominal pressure of the initial
thrust and equipping supports with indicators
to ensure the convergence of roof support
working parameters of actual and project per-
formance; improving the characteristics of
rack-mount relief valves, hydraulic prop
valves and sealing devices to increase the reli-
ability of the seal cavity of hydraulic props of
high pressure and protect them from overload-
ing because of sudden roof lowering; creating
the systems of active counterfort to provide
the interaction of roof rocks sections with
roof support sections and in the process of
their relocation; developing the roof supports
with adjustable working-resistance to roof
support lowering; radical improvement of the
hydraulic drive of powered roof supports [2].
One of the reasons to decline technical and
economic indices of the stoping process of
slope and steep coal seams is a loss of stabil-
ity and direction of powered support move-
ment in the spatial system “coal seam – pow-
ered roof support – winning machine – con-
veyor”. This is particularly relevant issue for
mines, reworking the mine fields, where the
use of powered highly performed complexes
of a new generation is economically inadvis-
able, and the application of existing com-
plexes of purification equipment requires sci-
entific justification of introduced constructive
design changes. It especially concerns stan-
dard mechanized hydraulic roof supports
M97, M98, and others.
A distinctive feature of the design of this
type of equipment is that the set consists of
two half-sections, and supports have a small
contact surface with the soil formation com-
pared to the aggregated roof supports. Addi-
tionally, when shifting a complete one-half
section in relation to the second one, the hang-
ing usually takes place due to elastic con-
straints of the other. In both cases, there is a
problem of set stability loss and even its over-
turning on the face or tipping on its side with
the adjacent sections. In this regard, our re-
search can serve as a basis for the creation of
new types of powered roof supports or other
mechanized devices, providing maximum sta-
329
bility for a set or for a number of longwall
face sections. However, the creation and in-
troduction of new machines and devices is
constrained by insufficient study of equipment
sustainability, lack of methodology for its cal-
culation and the selection of operating pa-
rameters. Therefore, the problem of stability
studies in terms of complete roof support sec-
tions is relevant.
Proceeding from this and depending on the
operating conditions three cases of roof sup-
port operation can be considered:
– two-half-completed section rests in the
soil layer on the round flat support of small
area;
– two-half-completed section rests in the
soil layer on the round flat support of small
area by special welded construction increasing
the contact area with the soil;
– three-half-completed section rests in the
soil layer on the round flat support of small
area by special welded construction increasing
the contact area with the soil.
The third case has great prospects as the
most excluding above mentioned problems.
STABILITY CALCULATION OF A POWERED
HYDRAULIC ROOF SUPPORT SET
Set (section) stability is fixed (static or in
the process of advancing) and it is the possi-
bility to maintain its nominal spatial position
relatively to the wall rocks and the face,
where normal operation of powered support
roof is provided under the effect of external
and internal forces.
It is necessary to distinguish the following
main types of stability losses: [2] section sup-
port elements indentation into the roof section
or soil; stability loss of sliding sections during
the process of their relocation; transverse (lat-
eral) section rollover towards the side of seam
dipping.
Note:
– moving the section towards the goaf in
case of using complete roof supports fails be-
cause hydraulic cylinders of advancing con-
veyer are connected structurally with the set;
– longitudinal rollover of the set section
towards the face is almost impossible since
there is no protection fence in the roof sup-
ports of types M 97 and M98 [1].
General questions of calculating stability
of the roof support set is determined by
12.44.013-76 RTM, whereby the sets in each
proposed case should possess definite values
of stability.
For the case of assessing the sustainability
of two-half-section set during its advance the
following schemes are usually considered:
a) the possibility of slipping when shifting
(Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. The calculation scheme for determining roof
support stability in the case of slipping probability
when advancing
In this case, the section stability factor to
slipping while section advancing and its dis-
charge to prop efforts will be
( )
α
α
sinG
fRffR cosGfn 2
⋅
⋅+++⋅= 33211 .
b) section stability factor to the cross sec-
tion (side) rollover under the effect of nominal
loads on section R is determined according
to the calculated scheme (Fig. 2), from ex-
pression
( ) ( )
( ) α
αα
sinRHhG
cos HfRbaR cosaGR
n
g.c. +⋅
⋅⋅+++⋅⋅+
= 13 .
330
Fig. 2. The calculation scheme for determining
the resistance to lateral turnover
For the case of assessing the stability of
three – half-section set under probability of its
slipping on seam dip while advancing it is
necessary to consider calculated schemes Fig.
3, a and b. The most favourable position for
set advancing is shown on proposed schemes
where the extreme sections are located under
the prop while the central one is advanced
(Fig. 3). The most unfavourable advancing
scheme (Fig. 3, b), where the upstream ex-
treme section is located under the prop, and
the other two (hanging on the extreme one)
are subject to advancing.
а
b
Fig. 3. Schemes determining the set stability factor from slipping on seam dipping while advancing roof support sections
Therefore, the expressions for determining
set stability factor to slipping in the case of
section advancement will be:
– for the first case
( )
α
α
sinG
fRffR cosGf
n
⋅
⋅+++⋅⋅
=
3
222 33211 2 ;
– for the second case
( )
α
α
sinG
fRffR cosGfn
⋅
⋅+++⋅⋅
=
3
332121 ,
where G – section weight, N;
α – seam dip angle, degrees;
1f , 2f , 3f – friction coefficients of
foundation on the soil, overlap on the roof and
holding element on the foundation corre-
spondingly;
2R – normal component of roof reaction
in the case of one propped section while ad-
vancing other two, N;
3R – normal component of the base by re-
taining element, N.
From obtained expressions it follows that
in the second case, the set resistance to slip-
331
ping is twice as little.
Set stability factor to the side (lateral)
rollover is usually determined by the action of
the nominal loading on the section [3]. The
calculation scheme for this case is shown in
Fig. 4. Here, as in the previous case, two ad-
vancing scheme presented in Figure 4, a and b
are considered.
а
b
Fig. 4. Schemes to determine set stability factor in case
of its turnover towards the direction of seam dip while
section advances
Stability factor to the transverse (side)
when exposed to overturning the nominal load
section is determined from the expression:
– for the first case
( ) ( )[ ]
( ) 1
23
3321 l cosGhhh sinGH sinR
cosHfRaGRbaRn
g.c.g.c.g.c. ⋅⋅+++⋅+⋅⋅
⋅⋅⋅++++
=
ααα
α ;
– for the second case
( ) ( )( )[ ]
( )[ ] ⋅+++⋅
⋅+++⋅⋅+++=
α
α
sinhhhGHR
cosGR alHfRbalRn
.c.g.c.g.c.g 3212
3222 1213 ,
where nc.gh – coordinate of gravity centre of
corresponding set, m;
H – seam thickness, m;
a – distance from the line of action ef-
forts and with respect to a point where turn-
over is possible, m;
b – distance from the action line of the
restraint force to the middle of the section, m;
1l – distance between the axes of two
adjacent sections.
DEPENDENCE ANALYSIS OF STABILITY FACTOR OF
SET ROOF SUPPORT ON SLOPE ANGLE OF A STOPE
IN THE CONTEXT OF VARIOUS ADVANCE SCHEMES
Based on the expressions (1) – (6) graphic
dependences of the stability factor of two- and
three-half section roof supports on the slope
angle of the stope (Fig. 5) at various schemes
of set state while advancing have been ob-
tained.
Considering the graphs (Fig. 5) it can be
seen that the factor n of roof support section
332
stability to slipping for angles ranging from 0
to 90º with any scheme of advancing sections
(Fig. 6) with two or three sets of semi-sections
is more than 1 being within =n 2.8 – 65 units.
However, when two half-sections (curve 1 in
Fig. 5) are strutted and the third one (Fig. 6, a)
is advanced, the value n is approximately
twice as big as for one strutted section (Fig. 6,
b, curve 2 in Fig. 5). Stability zone in the case
with two-half-section set (Fig. 6, b, curve 3 in
Fig. 5) takes approximately a medium posi-
tion between curves 1 and 2.
While determining the stability factor n
of possible set overturning under the follow-
ing conditions:
– when angles of working inclination are
>α 10º, we can observe that one of half-
sections is strutted and two ones are advanced
(Fig. 6, b, curve 4);
– when angles of working inclination are
>α 65º and <n 1, we can observe that two
half-sections are strutted and the third one is
advanced (Fig. 6, curve 5 in Fig. 5);
– when angles of working inclination are
>α 35º and <n 1, we can observe two-half-
section set (Fig. 6, b, curve 6 in Fig. 5).
Thus, significant advantage is observed
while applying a set with three half-sections
in coal mining complex operations.
sta
bi
lit
y
fa
ct
or
o
f r
oo
f s
up
po
rt
se
ct
io
n
in
th
e
ca
se
o
f o
ve
rtu
rn
in
g
Dip angle of coal seam, degrees
overturning
creeping
creeping overturning
sta
bi
lit
y
fa
ct
or
o
f r
oo
f s
up
po
rt
se
ct
io
n
in
th
e
ca
se
o
f c
re
ep
in
g
Fig. 5. Graphic dependences of set stability factor on
the slope angle of working in the cases of creeping
(curves 1, 2, 3) and overturning (curves 4, 5, 6)
а
b
c
Fig. 6. Schemes of advancing a set of sections
The scheme where two half-sections are
strutted and another one is advanced is rather
advantageous. This method can be used both
for flat and inclined seams (α is up to 35º),
and for steep ones (α is up to 70º) in the case
of using any narrow-web shearers with hold-
ing devices as a winning machine. That is, it
extends their application range twice (α
ranges from 0 to 70º).
333
CONCLUSIONS
Due to the studies of roof support section
stability there have been obtained results that
allow to determine the stability factor required
for safe operation of the roof support with
two or three half-sections depending on geo-
logical conditions.
Hydraulic powered support with three
half-sections can be applied at enterprises in-
volving into steep seam mining.
The calculations and graphical depend-
ences demonstrated the correctness of
approved technical solutions.
REFERENCES
1. РТМ 12.44.005-76. Крепи механизированные. Рас-
чет устойчивости. – М.: Гипроуглемаш, 1976.
2. Хорин В.А. Расчет и конструирование механизи-
рованных гидравлических крепей / В.А. Хорин. – М.: Не-
дра, 1988. – 255 с.
3. Гребенкин С.С. Выбор методики и расчет устой-
чивости и направленности передвижения секций меха-
низированной крепи на наклонных угольных пластах
/ [С.С. Гребенкин, В.И. Зензеров, А.С. Гребенкина, И.В.
Шипунова] // Школа підземної розробки: матеріали мі-
жнар. наук.-практ. конф. – Д.: ЛізуновПрес, 2009. –
С. 412 – 422.
ABOUT AUTHORS
Felonenko Stanislav V. – Ph.D., associate professor of
the Department of Mining Machines and Engineering of the
National Mining University.
Gubkina Victoria V. – senior lecturer, Department of
Foreign Languages of the National Mining University.
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