Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan
Globular, hollow and stellate thalli of the brown algal genus Iyengaria were collected from various coastal areas of Karachi and taxonomically investigated. This study revealed the presence of two species i.e. I. stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen and a new species, I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. The...
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Aisha, K. Shameel, M. 2016-12-27T13:26:07Z 2016-12-27T13:26:07Z 2015 Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan / K. Aisha, M. Shameel // Альгология. — 2015. — Т. 25, № 4. — С. 420-427. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. 0868-8540 DOI: http://doi.org/10.15407/alg25.04.420 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/110032 Globular, hollow and stellate thalli of the brown algal genus Iyengaria were collected from various coastal areas of Karachi and taxonomically investigated. This study revealed the presence of two species i.e. I. stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen and a new species, I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. The new species is characterized by the thin walled thallus, hollow projections, cortex not differentiated into inner and outer portion, absence of phaeophycotaen hairs, and thin walled plurilocular sporangia with rectangular locules. Its thalli are lobed in early stages but gradually become cylindrical. Представлены результаты таксономического исследования представителей бурых водорослей рода Iyengaria, шаровидные, полые и звездообразные талломы которых были отобраны из различных прибрежных зон Карачи. Как показало исследование, талломы относятся к двум видам этого рода: I. stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen и новому виду I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. Отличительные признаки нового вида – тонкостенный таллом, полые выступы, кора не дифференцирована на внутреннюю и внешнюю, волоски отсутствуют, спорангии тонкостенные, многокамерные с прямоугольными ячейками. Молодые стадии имеют лопастное строение, но постепенно талломы становятся цилиндрическими. We are extremely grateful to Late Dr. M. Nizamuddin for permitting us to examine his large collection of herbarium of specimens and for his many valuable suggestions given during the course of study. en Інститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України Альгология Систематика, филогения и вопросы эволюции водорослей Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan Новый вид рода Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) из прибрежных вод Карачи (Пакистан) Article published earlier |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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| title |
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan |
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Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan Aisha, K. Shameel, M. Систематика, филогения и вопросы эволюции водорослей |
| title_short |
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_full |
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr |
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_sort |
taxonomy of the genus iyengaria borgesen (phaeophycota) from coastal waters of karachi, pakistan |
| author |
Aisha, K. Shameel, M. |
| author_facet |
Aisha, K. Shameel, M. |
| topic |
Систематика, филогения и вопросы эволюции водорослей |
| topic_facet |
Систематика, филогения и вопросы эволюции водорослей |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Альгология |
| publisher |
Інститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Новый вид рода Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) из прибрежных вод Карачи (Пакистан) |
| description |
Globular, hollow and stellate thalli of the brown algal genus Iyengaria were collected from various coastal areas of Karachi and taxonomically investigated. This study revealed the presence of two species i.e. I. stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen and a new species, I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. The new species is characterized by the thin walled thallus, hollow projections, cortex not differentiated into inner and outer portion, absence of phaeophycotaen hairs, and thin walled plurilocular sporangia with rectangular locules. Its thalli are lobed in early stages but gradually become cylindrical.
Представлены результаты таксономического исследования представителей бурых водорослей рода Iyengaria, шаровидные, полые и звездообразные талломы которых были отобраны из различных прибрежных зон Карачи. Как показало исследование, талломы относятся к двум видам этого рода: I. stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen и новому виду I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. Отличительные признаки нового вида – тонкостенный таллом, полые выступы, кора не дифференцирована на внутреннюю и внешнюю, волоски отсутствуют, спорангии тонкостенные, многокамерные с прямоугольными ячейками. Молодые стадии имеют лопастное строение, но постепенно талломы становятся цилиндрическими.
|
| issn |
0868-8540 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/110032 |
| citation_txt |
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria Borgesen (Phaeophycota) from coastal waters of Karachi, Pakistan / K. Aisha, M. Shameel // Альгология. — 2015. — Т. 25, № 4. — С. 420-427. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. |
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2025-11-25T21:20:31Z |
| last_indexed |
2025-11-25T21:20:31Z |
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| fulltext |
Систематика, филогения и
вопросы эволюции водорослей
420
ISSN 0868-854 (Print)
ISSN 2413-5984 (Online). Аlgologia. 2015, 25(4):420-427
http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg25.04.420
K. AISHA, M. SHAMEEL
Department of Botany, University of Karachi,
Karachi-75270, Pakistan
e-mail: draisha14@gmail.com
TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS IYENGARIA BØRGESEN
(PHAEOPHYCOTA) FROM COASTAL WATERS OF KARACHI,
PAKISTAN
Globular, hollow and stellate thalli of the brown algal genus Iyengaria were collected from
various coastal areas of Karachi and taxonomically investigated. This study revealed the
presence of two species i.e. I. stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen and a new species,
I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. The new species is characterized by the thin walled
thallus, hollow projections, cortex not differentiated into inner and outer portion, absence
of phaeophycotaen hairs, and thin walled plurilocular sporangia with rectangular locules. Its
thalli are lobed in early stages but gradually become cylindrical.
K e y w o r d s : algae, Phaeophycota, Iyengaria, taxonomy, morphology, anatomy,
reproduction.
Introduction
Iyengaria is a genus of brown algae (family Scytosiphonaceae, order
Scytosiphonales, class Laminarophyceae, Phaeophycota). It commonly grows in
the coastal waters of the northern Arabian Sea, Wherefrom it was described
for the first time by Børgesen as an independent genus, No doubt, it was
taxonomically described from the coast Karachi and was also reported to
occur in other coastal areas of Pakistan, but no detailed taxonomically study
was carried out. Therefore, a large collection survey of this genus was made
from various areas of Karachi coast at the present study was undertaken.
Materials and Methods
Algal thalli were detached from the rocks at mid and lower littoral zones from
the coast of Karachi. They were brought to the laboratory and preserved in
4% formaldehyde. Different parts of thalli were cut into thin slices with the
help of shaving blade by free hand section cutting technique. Sections were
stained in 1% aniline blue for 5—10 min, one or two drops of 1 M
hydrochloric acid were added for 30 seconds and washed with seawater. The
sections were then mounted in a solution of 75% glycerin with aniline blue
(75 mL Gly + 20 mL aniline blue + 5 mL distilled water). Finally the slides
were sealed with the sealing material (Cutex) and observed under microscope
(Nikon, Japan).
© K. Aisha & M. Shamel, 2015
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria
421
Results and Discussion
The specimens of Iyengaria Børgesen 1939:91, collected from various coastal
areas of Karachi, were taxonomically investigated. They revealed the following
characters of the genus. Thallus globular, hollow, stellate; attached by its
lower surface; projections present, hollow as well as solid, have di- or tri-
chotomous apex, which gives stellate appearance to the thallus, brown to dark
brown in colour; internally five to six layers thick, peripheral region having
small squarish cells; cortical part with rectangular to squarish cells and
sometimes cells irregular and medullary part hollow; phaeophycotean hairs
present, singly or in groups; growth intercalary or trichothallic; plurilocular
sporangia cylindrical to clavate commonly uniseriate, rarely biseriate;
paraphyses absent; sporangia formed in sori, distributed on thallus surface.
Two species were found to grow at the coast of Karachi, which may be
distinguished as given below:
1. Projections hollow throughout ............................................... Iyengaria lobocylindrica (1)
Projections not hollow throughout ....................................................Iyengaria stellata (2)
1. Iyengaria lobocylindrica sp. nov. Figs. 1, 2, a—c
D i a g n o s i s . Cavus projecturia, pilis et paraphyses phaeophycoteanis
absentia, corticatus non differentia in interiore et exteriore corticatus,
sporangia plurilocularis tenuis paries rectangularibus loculi.
Morphological characters
Thallus light to yellowish brown, rounded to oval, 3.0—9.5 cm in
diameter, crispy; attached to substratum by septate rhizoidal filaments; bearing
cylindrical projections, up to 5 mm long, 2 mm in diameter; thalli in early
stages lobed, gradually becoming cylindrical, apices round and thick.
Cytological features
Thallus composed of five to six layers of cells, distinguished into
peripheral layer, cortex and central cavity; single layer of peripheral cells
rectangular to squarish, transversely as well as longitudinally arranged with
dense phaeoplasts, 6—9 μm long (3—) 6—9 μm broad; no differentiation of
outer and inner cortex, cortical cells angular to irregular, 22—80 (—108) μm in
length, 25—102 (—185) μm in width; phaeophycotean hairs not observed.
Reproductive structures
Sori scattered on the surface bearing cylindrical to clavate, plurilocular
sporangia, covered by cuticle, uniseriate to biseriate, (9—) 22—31 μm in
length, (3—) 6—9 μm in breadth; 4—12 locules, more or less rectangular in
shape; unilocular sporangia were not recorded, paraphyses absent.
Growth: The growth is diffuse.
Type locality: Buleji, Karachi, Pakistan.
Habitat ecology: Thallus epilithic, grows on rocky platform exposed to low
tidal conditions. It was found growing in association with Iyengaria stellata,
Colpomenia sinuosa (Mert. ex Roth) Derbès et Solier and Lobophora variegata
(Lamour.) Womer. ex Oliveira.
K. Aisha & M. Shamel
422
Fig. 1. Iyengaria lobocylindrica: type
specimen
Fig. 2. Iyengaria lobocylindrica: a — transverse section of the thallus; b — transverse section
showing uniseriate plurilocular sporangia; c — transverse section of thallus with biseriate
plurilocular sporangia
2 cm
b
a
c
50
μ
m
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria
423
Local distribution: Manora (Leg. Nizam. 5-2-1956, 6-12-1961, 20-1-1963,
21-11- & 29-11-1964, Leg. Saifullah 17-12-1963, Leg. Qayum Akhter 17-03-
1965, Leg. Farhana 16-12-1966, Leg. Rashida 23-03-1966, Leg. Nazrul Islam
20-11-1968, Leg. Aisha 11-11- & 21-12-89); Buleji (Leg. Aisha 9-12-1989, 1-
12-1990, 10-11- & 14-11-1993).
Remarks. This species is distinguished by hollow projections, absence of
phaeophycotean hairs and paraphyses, cortex not differentiated into inner and
outer cortex, thin walled plurilocular sporangia with rectangular locules. It
differs from Iyengaria stellata, the only so far known species, in thin walled
thallus, undifferentiated cortex, hollow projections, plurilocular sporangia with
rectangular locules, but resembles it in the shape of projections and absence of
paraphyses. This new species has been named as Colpomenia lobocylindrica
due to its peculiar thalli, which are lobed in early stages but gradually become
cylindrical.
2. Iyengaria stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen 1939:91 (Figs 3, 4, a—c)
Basionym: Rosenvingea stellata Børgesen 1928:1.
Synonyms: Colpomenia stellata (Børgesen) Børgesen 1930:168, Colpomenia
capensis Levring 1938:20, Colpomenia sinuosa f. tuberculata (Saunders)
Setchell et Gardner 1903:242 (misapplied name).
References: Børgesen 1930:168, 1934:26, 1939:91, Anand 1940:4, Fritsch
1952:111, Misra 1966:242, 1967:232, Krishnamurthy & Joshi 1970:12,
Nizamuddin & Gessner 1970:6, Nizamuddin & Begum 1978:316, Shameel
1987:513, 2000:52, Shameel & Afaq-Husain 1987:295, Begum & Khatoon
1988:31, 1992a:26, Shameel & Tanaka 1992:40, Shameel et al. 1996:227,
2000:86, Silva et al. 1996:631, Alia & Shameel 2010:3-22
Fig. 3. Iyengaria stellata: Herbarium specimen
Morphological characters
Thallus light to dark brown, round to oval, up to 12 cm across; attached
to the substratum by simple septate rhizoids; bearing many cylindrical
projections up to 7 mm long, 4 mm broad; apices obtuse, di- or tri-
chotomously branched, rarely polychotomous at the apex, solid at the young
stage, becoming gradually hollow at maturity except near tips.
K. Aisha & M. Shamel
424
Fig. 4. Iyengaria stellata: a — transverse section of thallus with plurilocular sporangia;
b — transverse section showing uniseriate plurilocular sporangia; c — transverse section
presenting paraphyses uniseriate plurilocular sporangia
Cytological features
Thallus composed of five to six or rarely more layers of cells,
differentiated into peripheral & cortical layers, and central cavity; single layer
of peripheral cells squarish to rectangular, 6—10 μm in length, 5—10(—25) μm
in breadth, radially arranged with dense phaeoplasts; cortex differentiated into
outer and inner cortex, outer cortex two to three layers of small squarish to
angular cells, 9—12 μm long, 13—23 μm broad, with a few phaeoplasts, inner
a
b
c
5
0
μ
m
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria
425
cortex with large irregular cells, 31—34(—40) μm in length, (37—)53—77
(—108) μm in breadth; cell-wall up to 3 μm thickened.
Reproductive structures
Sori scattered, containing plurilocular sporangia, 19—25 μm in length,
3—6(—27) μm in breath, enclosed in cuticle; sporangia mostly uniseriate,
rarely biseriate, cylindrical, bearing 2—4 locules, rectangular; paraphyses
absent, phaeophycotean hairs initially in deep cavities; unilocular sporangia
lacking.
Growth: The growth is diffuse may be trichothallic in the part of
phaeophycotean hairs.
Type locality: Dwarka, Gujarat, India.
Habitat ecology: It is epilithic, grows exposed to low tidal conditions on
rocky platform in association with Dictyota bartayresiana Lamour. and
Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbès et Solier.
Local distribution: Manora (Leg. Farida 11-10-1962, Leg. Shahida 28-12-
1961, Leg. Naseem Ara 10-3-1965); Hawkesbay (Leg. Nizamuddin 11-10-
1963, Leg. Qayum Akhter 02-3-1965, Leg. Nizamuddin 29-12-1966, Leg.
Naheed Begum 24-1- & 13-2-1970, Leg. Aisha 11-11-1989); Buleji (Leg.
Nizamuddin 20-1-1963, Leg. Aisha 1-12- & 29-12-1990, 6-2- & 14-11-1993,
7-2-1994); Nathiagali (Leg. Aisha 16-10-1989); Cape Monze (Leg.
Nizamuddin 21-11-1964).
Geographical distribution: California, India, Iran, Kuwait, Pakistan, Papua
New Guinea, Saudi Arabia and South Africa.
Remarks. The species is characterised by the presence of solid projections
in young stage which later on become hollow, absence of paraphyses in
between the sori, phaeophycotean hairs in deeply sunken cavities, cortical
cells thick walled, differentiated into outer and inner cortex. Specimens
collected from Karachi coast resemble original description and the figure
(Børgesen, 1939) but differ in irregular arrangement of cortical cells. It also
completely agrees with the descriptions and diagrams of Misra (1966)
Nizamuddin & Begum (1978) except on maturity it becomes hollow. On the
basis of above mentioned features it has been considered as Iyengaria stellata
(Børgesen) Børgesen.
We are extremely grateful to Late Dr. M. Nizamuddin for permitting us to
examine his large collection of herbarium of specimens and for his many valuable
suggestions given during the course of study.
REFERENCES
Anand P.L., Marine Algae from Karachi. I. Chlorophyceae, Punjab Univ. Bot. Dep. Publ.,
Lahore, 1940.
Begum M. and Khatoon N., Pak. J. Bot., (20):291-304, 1988.
K. Aisha & M. Shamel
426
Begum M. and Khatoon N., Pak. J. Bot., 24:22-30, 1992.
Børgesen, F., J. Ind. Bot. Soc., 9:151-174, 1930.
Børgesen F., Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Sels., Biol. Meddel, 19(1):1-85, 1934.
Børgesen F., Danish Scientific Investigation in Iran, Pt I, Copenhagen, pp. 47-143, 1939.
Fritsch F.E., Sturcture and Reproduction of the Algae, Vol. 2, Cambridge Univ. Press,
Cambridge, 1952.
Krishnamurthy V. and Joshi H.V., A Check-List of Indian Marine Algae, Centr. Salt and
Mar. Chem. Res. Inst., Bhavnagar, 1970.
Misra J.N., Phaeophyceae in India, Ind. Counc. Agricult. Res., New Dehli, 1966.
Misra J.N., Proceeding of the Seminar on Sea, Salt and Plants, Bhannagar, pp. 227-233,
1967.
Nizamuddin M. and Gessner F., Meteor Forsch. Ergeb., Ser. D, 6:1-44, 1970.
Nizamuddin M. and Begum N., Rev. Algol. N. S., 2(13):315-326, 1978.
Shameel M., Pak. J. Mar. Biol., 7:233-250, 2001.
Shameel M., Int. J. Phycol. Phycochem., 4:225-232, 2008.
Shameel M., Bot. Mar., 30:511-515, 1987.
Shameel M., Proceeding of National O.N.R. Symposium on Arabian Asea as a source of
Biological Diversity, H.E.J. Res. Inst. Chem. Univ. Karachi, pp. 45-64, 2000.
Shameel M. and Afaq-Husain S., Modern Trends of Plant Science Research in Pakistan,
Proc. Nat. Conf. Plant Sci., Peshawar, pp. 292-299, 1987.
Shameel M. and Tanaka J., Cryptogamic Flora of Pakistan, Vol. 1, Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo,
pp. 1-64, 1992.
Shameel M., Aisha K., and Khan S.H., Bot. Mar., 39:223-230, 1996.
Shameel M. Khan S.H., and Afaq-Husain S., Pak. J. Mar. Sci., 6:69-100, 2000.
Silva P.C., Basson W., and Moe R.L., Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian
Ocean, Univ. California Press, Berkeley, 1996.
Received 21.01.2014
Submitted by S.P. Wasser
ISSN 0868-854 (Print)
ISSN 2413-5984 (Online). Аlgologia. 2015, 25(4):420-427
http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg25.04.420
K. Айиша, М. Шамиль
Кафедра ботаники, Университет Карачи,
Карачи-75270, Пакистан
НОВЫЙ ВИД РОДА IYENGARIA BØRGESEN (PHAEOPHYCOTA) ИЗ
ПРИБРЕЖНЫХ ВОД КАРАЧИ (ПАКИСТАН)
Представлены результаты таксономического исследования представителей бурых
водорослей рода Iyengaria, шаровидные, полые и звездообразные талломы которых
были отобраны из различных прибрежных зон Карачи. Как показало исследование,
Taxonomy of the genus Iyengaria
427
талломы относятся к двум видам этого рода: I. stellata (Bшrgesen) Bшrgesen и новому
виду I. lobocylindrica Aisha et Shameel. Отличительные признаки нового вида —
тонкостенный таллом, полые выступы, кора не дифференцирована на внутреннюю и
внешнюю, волоски отсутствуют, спорангии тонкостенные, многокамерные с
прямоугольными ячейками. Молодые стадии имеют лопастное строение, но
постепенно талломы становятся цилиндрическими.
Ключевые слова : algae, Phaeophycota, Iyengaria, таксономия, морфология,
анатомия, воспроизведение.
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