A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system
The authors propose a new design for a MeV-energy ion microprobe based on the immersion probe-forming system that employs the accelerating tube at an early stage of beam focusing. The final probing beam formation on the target is provided by a separated Russian quadruplet of magnetic quadrupole lens...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Дата: | 2003 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2003
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| Цитувати: | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system / A.G. Ponomarev, I.G. Ignat’ev, D.V. Magilin, V.I. Miroshnichenko, V.E. Storizhko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2003. — № 4. — С. 305-308. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859895360201162752 |
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| author | Ponomarev, A.G. Ignat’ev, I.G. Magilin, D.V. Miroshnichenko, V.I. Storizhko, V.E. |
| author_facet | Ponomarev, A.G. Ignat’ev, I.G. Magilin, D.V. Miroshnichenko, V.I. Storizhko, V.E. |
| citation_txt | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system / A.G. Ponomarev, I.G. Ignat’ev, D.V. Magilin, V.I. Miroshnichenko, V.E. Storizhko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2003. — № 4. — С. 305-308. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The authors propose a new design for a MeV-energy ion microprobe based on the immersion probe-forming system that employs the accelerating tube at an early stage of beam focusing. The final probing beam formation on the target is provided by a separated Russian quadruplet of magnetic quadrupole lenses. As follows from the calculations, the length of this setup along the beamline (from the ion source to the target) does not exceed 4 m, but the resolution may be higher than that of most operating facilities of conventional design.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:55:10Z |
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УДК 539.1.078
A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A MeV-ENERGY ION MICROPROBE
WITH AN IMMERSION PROBE-FORMING SYSTEM
A.G.Ponomarev, I.G.Ignat’ev, D.V.Magilin, V.I.Miroshnichenko, V.E.Storizhko
Istitute of Applied Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,
Petropavlovskay St. 58, 40030 Sumy, Ukraine, ponom@ipfcenter.sumy.ua,
Fax: +380-452-223760;
B.Sulkio-Cleff
Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Münster, Müster, Germany
The authors propose a new design for a MeV-energy ion microprobe based on the immersion probe-forming sys-
tem that employs the accelerating tube at an early stage of beam focusing. The final probing beam formation on the
target is provided by a separated Russian quadruplet of magnetic quadrupole lenses. As follows from the calcula-
tions, the length of this setup along the beamline (from the ion source to the target) does not exceed 4 m, but the res-
olution may be higher than that of most operating facilities of conventional design.
1. INTRODUCTION
Most present-day ion microprobes of MeV-energies
are based on accelerators originally intended for use in
nuclear physics research, and hence, are rather bulky
[1]. In spite of a growing interest in microprobe applica-
tions to diverse research and technology problems, mi-
croprobe facilities that are in operation world-wide are
still not numerous. The primary reasons are that they
have large size, high cost and high power consumption,
and are not simple to operate. In this context, to design a
compact microprobe of MeV energies would mean to
decrease considerably the cost and power consumption, on
the one hand, and to increase the resolution, on the other,
thus making a breakthrough in microprobe applications.
At the Institute of Applied Physics (IAP), National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, works have been start-
ed to develop small-size MeV-energy microprobes with
immersion probe-forming systems. A principal distinc-
tion of the novel microprobe design from the traditional
one is that the components of the probe-forming system
are placed along the accelerator beam line, with the ob-
ject and the angular collimators positioned in front of the
accelerating tube. The use of HVEE precision accelera-
tors and a dedicated ion injector with high brightness and
ion mass separation which is under development at IAP
[2-4], makes it possible to dispense with a magnetic ana-
lyzer at the accelerator exit, leading to a further reduction
in size and cost of microprobe facilities.
This paper proposes a new design for a MeV-energy
ion microprobe based on an immersion probe-forming
system where the accelerating tube is used at a early
stage of beam focusing. The final probing beam forma-
tion at the target is provided by a separated Russian
quadruplet of magnetic quadrupole lenses.
2. BASIC PRINCIPLES AND DESCRIPTION
OF THE IMMERSION PROBE FORMING
SYSTEM
A section of the ion-optic axis where the beam is ex-
posed to electromagnetic fields is less than 15% of the
overall system length (from the ion source to the target)
in some conventional facilities. Therefore a principal re-
duction in size in a new microprobe arrangement can be
achieved by drastically shortening the drift spaces.
Another aspect of the new arrangement is the role of
a magnetic analyzer. In conventional accelerator-based
facilities a magnetic analyzer is placed behind the accel-
erator to stabilize the ion beam and separate the desired
ion species. At the same time, the ion beam energy of
several MeV leads to a larger magnet size and fairly
high magnetic induction in the beam transport area, in-
volving greater energy consumption. As was reported in
[5], the use of an analyzing magnet for the beam energy
stabilization in a SINGLETRONTM accelerator of new
type provides the energy spread ∆E/E≈10-5, while a
Generating Voltmeter (GVM) gives ∆E/E≈10-4. Our ear-
lier investigations [6] show that in magnetic quadrupole
probe-forming systems permitting submicron beam spot
size to be achieved for the energy spread ∆E/E≈10-4, the
main contribution to the beam broadening is made by
intrinsic 3rd-order aberrations and parasitic 2nd and
3rd-order aberrations that are due to parasitic sextupole
and octupole components of the lens field. Therefore
positioning a magnetic analyzer behind the ion source
and using a Wien filter or some other compact mass an-
alyzer, it is possible to reduce both the dimensions of
the analyzer itself and power expended in separating the
desired ion species. GVM installed in the stabilizing
unit would allow a sufficient energy spread with which
chromatic aberrations can be neglected.
The arrangement proposed for an ion microprobe of
new type is shown in Fig.1. In this design use can be
made of HVEE accelerators [5, 7]. Placed behind an ion
source is a mass analyzer, an object- and an angular col-
limators. The beam collimation is performed ahead of
the accelerating structure, permitting for a current I∼
100 pA a significant reduction in the radiation load on
the accelerating tube. Moreover, there is no need for a
conventional magnetic analyzer, which paves the way
for advanced ion sources with low current and high
brightness. Behind the accelerating tube there is a major
focusing system based on magnetic quadrupole lenses
with variable power supply, a scanning system and a
target chamber.
mailto:ponom@ipfcenter.sumy.ua
Fig.1. Schematic of a proposed novel microprobe
1 – ion source; 2 – mass analyzer; 3 – object collimator; 4 – angular collimator; 5 – accelerating tube; 6–
separated “Russian quadruplet” of magnetic quadrupole lenses; 7 – scanning system; 8 – target chamber; 9 –
high-voltage terminal; 10 – high-pressure vessel
3. CALCULATIONS FOR THE IMMERSION
PROBE-FORMING SYSTEM
As is seen in Fig. 1, the accelerating tube is involved
in the probe formation. Optimization calculations for the
immersion probe-forming system were carried out in-
cluding chromatic and 3 rd-order intrinsic spherical
aberrations. Linear properties of the probe-forming were
determined using a numerical PROBFORM code based
on principles set forth in [8]. Aberrations were estimat-
ed by means of a matrix method (matrizant method) [9]
underlying the MBTOOLS code [10]. The electrostatic
potential distribution together with its first four deriva-
tives on the accelerating tube axis was calculated with
the help of a numerical LAPLACE-2 code [10]. Fig. 2
shows a beam envelope including aberrations and a cal-
culated ion-optic configuration. A figure of merit for the
immersion probe-forming system was found by the
highest emittance technique with a numerical MaxBE-
mit code [11]. A comparison was made with operating
facilities whose performance data were reported in [12,
13] (see Table 1).
Fig.2 (a) beam envelope including aberrations; (b) calculated ion-optic configuration
Table 1. A Comparison Between Design Parameters of Selected Microprobe Facilities
S1 system Im-
mersion probe
forming system
S2 system Rus-
sian quadruplet (short
version) Cracow [12]
S3 system Triplet
Oxford [13]
S4 system
CSIRO-GEMOS
quintuplet [13]
System length
[cm]
308 230
(only PFS)
740
(only PFS)
470
(only PFS)
Pole field [T]
B1
B2
0.35282
0.13806
0.30073
0.20843
0.19715
0.22058
0.05654
0.22058
Object distance,
a [cm] 30 118 682.4 299.5
Demagnification
Dx
Dy
-114.2
-114.2
17.7
17.7
92
-26
-65
69
Chromatic aber-
rations [µ
m/mrad/%]
Cpx 173 -293(-295) -343(-345) 1195 (1198)
Cpy 43 -73 (-74) 873 (878) -98 (-103)
Spherical aberra-
tions [µm/mrad3]
<x/θ3> -51 175 (166) 426 (360) -2933 (-3320)
<x/θφ2> -17 27 (39) 207 (496) -226 (-478)
<y/φ3> -2 6 (5) -2197(-1855) 43 (38)
<y/θ2φ> -17 27 (39) -743 (-774) 212 (451)
Beam spot size
500 nm,
E=2MeV
Object collimator
size [µm]
2*rx
2*ry
47.8
41.4
5.4
6.0
30.8
6.6
21.8
23.6
Maximum nor-
malized emittance
ε̂ [µm2mrad2MeV] 2.82 1.93 1.27 4.4
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The immersion PFS (S1 system) is compared with
microprobe facilities already in operation in Cracow
[12] (S2 system), Oxford [13] (S3 system), and Sydney
[13] (S4 system) which are based on different version of
quadrupole lens configurations: a high excitation triplet
(Oxford), a separated Russian quadruplet (short version,
Cracow), and a high-excitation quintuplet (CSIRO-
GEMOS, Sydney). The calculations were performed for
chromatic and 3 rd-order intrinsic aberrations using a
MBTOOLS code. Our results presented in Table 1, in
brackets, indicate that the differences in the highest
aberration values are less than 15% as compared with
published data for the above facilities tabulated in Table
1, columns 2, 3, and 4, not enclosed in brackets.
It is worth noting that the S1 system has demagnifi-
cation coefficients well above those of the S2, S3, and
S4 systems for smaller aberrations.
Of great importance is the choice of a criterion for
comparison between different systems. In [11] the au-
thors propose to use as a figure of merit the highest
emittance, ε , of a beam that can be transformed by the
given PFS into a spot of required size. The normalized
emittance E⋅= εε̂ where E is the beam energy, for
known normalized beam brightnesses, b̂ , determines
the post-collimation beam current value
bI ˆˆ ⋅= ε .
Assuming that the normalized beam brightness and
energy at the target (E=2 MeV) are similar for all sys-
tems in question and bearing in mind that for the S1 sys-
tem the beam energy at the object collimator entrance
was taken to be 0.02 MeV, we may declare the follow-
ing. The beam current in the case of the beam transport
to the target without any losses, for the S1 system would
be a factor of 1.5 and 2 greater than that for the S2 - and
the S3 system, respectively, but a factor of 1.5 less com-
pared to the S4 system. The latter can be attributed to
the fact that in the S4 system the working distance
g=8.5 cm. This, however, does not permit a scanning
system to be placed behind the lenses, which because of
the lens aberrations limits the scanned area.
The S1, S2, and S3 systems have g=15 cm resulting in
decreased emittance [10], but at the same time they have
enough space to accommodate the scanning system.
5. CONCLUSIONS
A proposed new design of a small-size ion micro-
probe of MeV energies has the overall length of ∼ 4 m,
permitting a horizontal microprobe version of “desk”
type or a vertical one of “tower” type to be created. The
advantages of this design over conventional micro-
probes are small dimensions, low energy consumption,
reduced vibrations, lower cost, and possibilities of using
advanced ion sources. By reducing the number of ion-
optics elements along the beam path from the ion source
to the object collimator, it is possible to decrease the
degradation of beam brightness.
The implementation of the above concept would re-
quire modifications in the accelerator design, e.g. a high-
pressure vessel of shell type for easier accelerator mainte-
nance, as well as a greater manufacture accuracy.
The authors acknowledge the assistance of Dr.
S.M. Yudina with the preparation of this paper for publica-
tion.
This work is supported by Ministry of Education and
Science of the Ukraine Project N2M71-2001 and
BMBF/Berlin (Germany), Project UKR 00/003.
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A.G.Ponomarev, I.G.Ignat’ev, D.V.Magilin, V.I.Miroshnichenko, V.E.Storizhko
Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Münster, Müster, Germany
.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-111237 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T15:55:10Z |
| publishDate | 2003 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Ponomarev, A.G. Ignat’ev, I.G. Magilin, D.V. Miroshnichenko, V.I. Storizhko, V.E. 2017-01-08T20:34:10Z 2017-01-08T20:34:10Z 2003 A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system / A.G. Ponomarev, I.G. Ignat’ev, D.V. Magilin, V.I. Miroshnichenko, V.E. Storizhko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2003. — № 4. — С. 305-308. — Бібліогр.: 14 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/111237 539.1.078 The authors propose a new design for a MeV-energy ion microprobe based on the immersion probe-forming system that employs the accelerating tube at an early stage of beam focusing. The final probing beam formation on the target is provided by a separated Russian quadruplet of magnetic quadrupole lenses. As follows from the calculations, the length of this setup along the beamline (from the ion source to the target) does not exceed 4 m, but the resolution may be higher than that of most operating facilities of conventional design. The authors acknowledge the assistance of Dr. S.M. Yudina with the preparation of this paper for publication. This work is supported by Ministry of Education and Science of the Ukraine Project N2M71-2001 and BMBF/Berlin (Germany), Project UKR 00/003. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Приложения и технологии A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system Ponomarev, A.G. Ignat’ev, I.G. Magilin, D.V. Miroshnichenko, V.I. Storizhko, V.E. Приложения и технологии |
| title | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system |
| title_full | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system |
| title_fullStr | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system |
| title_full_unstemmed | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system |
| title_short | A conceptual design of a MeV-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system |
| title_sort | conceptual design of a mev-energy ion microprobe with an immersion probe-forming system |
| topic | Приложения и технологии |
| topic_facet | Приложения и технологии |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/111237 |
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