Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing

Software for modelling by Monte Carlo (MC) method the dosimetric devices such as dosimetric wedge (ModeDW) and stack (ModeStEB) irradiated with scanned electron beam on moving conveyer was developed by authors. Integration of computer modelling of a dose distribution in films located in a wedge and...

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Published in:Вопросы атомной науки и техники
Date:2008
Main Authors: Lazurik, V.T., Lazurik, V.M., Popov, G.F., Rogov, Y.V.
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Language:English
Published: Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України 2008
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Cite this:Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing / V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G.F. Popov, Y.V. Rogov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2008. — № 3. — С. 201-205. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ.

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author Lazurik, V.T.
Lazurik, V.M.
Popov, G.F.
Rogov, Y.V.
author_facet Lazurik, V.T.
Lazurik, V.M.
Popov, G.F.
Rogov, Y.V.
citation_txt Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing / V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G.F. Popov, Y.V. Rogov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2008. — № 3. — С. 201-205. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ.
collection DSpace DC
container_title Вопросы атомной науки и техники
description Software for modelling by Monte Carlo (MC) method the dosimetric devices such as dosimetric wedge (ModeDW) and stack (ModeStEB) irradiated with scanned electron beam on moving conveyer was developed by authors. Integration of computer modelling of a dose distribution in films located in a wedge and stack made of arbitrary materials expands the procedure opportunities of the dosimetric devices in the dosimetry of radiation processing. Розроблено програмне забезпечення для моделювання методом Монте-Карло дозиметричних приладів, таких як дозиметричний клин (ModeDW) та пакет (ModeStEB), які опромінюються сканованим пучком електронів на конвеєрі, що рухається. Інтегрування комп'ютерного моделювання розподілу дози в плівках, які розташовані в клині та пакеті з довільного матеріалу розширюють методичні можливості цих дозиметричних приладів в дозиметрії радіаційних технологій. Разработано программное обеспечения для моделирования методом Монте-Карло дозиметрических устройств, таких как дозиметрический клин (ModeDW) и пакет (ModeStEB), облучаемых сканирующим пучком электронов на движущемся конвейере. Интегрирование компьютерного моделирования распределения дозы в пленках, расположенных в клине и пакете, изготовленных из произвольных материалов, расширяет методические возможности этих дозиметрических устройств в дозиметрии радиационных технологий.
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fulltext INTEGRATION OF COMPUTATION METHODS IN DOSIMETRY OF RADIATION PROCESSING V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G.F. Popov, Y.V. Rogov Kharkiv National University Kharkiv, Ukraine E-mail:lazurik@hotmail.com Software for modelling by Monte Carlo (MC) method the dosimetric devices such as dosimetric wedge (ModeDW) and stack (ModeStEB) irradiated with scanned electron beam on moving conveyer was developed by authors. Integration of computer modelling of a dose distribution in films located in a wedge and stack made of arbitrary materials expands the procedure opportunities of the dosimetric devices in the dosimetry of radiation processing. PACS: 29.17.+w 1. INTRODUCTION Radiation processing dosimetry is vitally important for all radiation-technological processes based on elec- tron beam (EB) irradiators. Control method of EB char- acteristics in radiation processing by the wedge and stack in conjunction with dosimetric films is well- known and widely used in practice [1-3]. The idea of usage of a procedure of the dosimetric wedge and stack in radiation processing is related with determination of the depth-dose distribution of electrons in an irradiated target for a flat one-dimensional case and obtaining an information about characteristics of EB on the basis of the solution of an inverse problem. International standards determine the measurings procedure for the depth-dose distributions with usage of the dosimetric wedge and stack, experimental data treat- ment and an interpretation of observed results [4,5]. Practical use of a procedure of the dosimetric wedge and stack is related with utilization of a standard con- struction of the devices that ensures only determination and control of the most probable energy, Ep, and the av- erage energy, Ea, of an EB. These information in some cases testifies only about a level of stability of a radia- tion processing. Dosimetric devices of the reference sizes, made of reference homogeneous materials, such as aluminum, polyethylene, polystyrene, graphite, traditionally are used in radiation processing. Empirical formulas defin- ing values of electron energy for a monoenergetic beam on value of the practical range Rp and half value depth R50 of electrons in an irradiated material are known for the reference materials. The Rp and R50 values for electrons in the reference materials are obtained on the basis of analytical approxi- mation of the depth-dose distribution in a spatial field of the strong decreasing of a dose in a dosimetric film lo- cated between plates of the reference materials. In this case the choice of a spatial field for analytical approxi- mation is not formalized. It is obvious, that results of such treatment of experimental data depend on spectrum and angular distribution of electrons in an EB. Derivable at such mathematical treatment of ob- served data, the integral characteristics for passage of electrons in substance is poorly suitable for prediction of a spatial dose distribution in an irradiated objects. For example, at radiation sterilization a density and effective atomic number of irradiated materials in some times is less than for aluminum wedge, on the basis of which a value of the Ep and Ea for an EB are obtained. Essential expansion of procedure opportunities of the dosimetric wedge and the stack can be established due to integration of computer modeling of a dose dis- tribution in a film located in a wedge and stack made of an arbitrary materials, processing methods and the com- parative analysis of calculated with experimental re- sults. The software ModeDW (Modelling of Dosimetric Wedge) and ModeStEB (Modelling of Dosimetric Stack) are the special modules of information system RT-Office 3 which are used for computer modeling of dosimetric devices [6,7]. Software ModeDW is intended for modeling an EB dose distribution in dosimetric film placed along the sloping surface between the two wedges made of an arbitrary materials. Software Mod- eStEB is intended for modeling an EB dose distribution in a stack of plates of an arbitrary materials interleaved with dosimetric films or a stack of dosimetric films alone. The dosimetric wedge and stack irradiate with scanned EB on industrial radiation facility that is based on the pulsed or continuous type of electron accelerators in the electron energy range from 0.1 to 25 MeV. 2. GEOMETRICAL MODEL OF EB FACILI- TY AND IRRADIATED PRODUCT Schematic representation of the EB facility used for simulation of the electron depth-dose distributions in the dosimetric stack with dosimetric films irradiated with scanned EB and on moving conveyor is shown in Fig.1. Dosimetric stack consists of a set of plates made of an arbitrary materials interleaved with dosimetric films or a stack of dosimetric films alone. The number of plates with dosimetric films in the stack are in the range from 1 to 60. The plates of stack with dosimetric films should be located on the conveyer platform perpendicu- lar relatively incident EB axis. Fig.2 demonstrates the geometrical model of dosi- metric wedge irradiated with non-diverging EB on mov- ing conveyor. ____________________________________________________________ PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2008. 3.№ Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (49), p.201-205. 201 Fig.1. Electron beam and irradiated dosimetric stack geometry. Arrangement of a stack plates interleaved with dosimetric films on moving conveyor irradiated with triangular scanned EB. Axis X - direction of EB in- cidence, axis Y - direction of EB scanning, axis Z - direction of conveyer motion In the Fig.2 two wedges are stacking together to form a rectangular block. Dosimetric film is inserted along the sloping surface between the two wedges made of an arbitrary materials. The rectangular block can be located under arbitrary angles relatively incident elec- tron beam axis. Fig.2. Model of the dosimetric wedge with dosimetric film irradiated by scanned EB. Axis X - direction of EB incidence, axis Y - direction of EB scanning, axis Z - direction of conveyer motion Simulation of EB dose distributions in an irradiated films located in the wedge and stack was accomplished by the MC method in a tree-dimensional (3-D) geomet- rical model by the programs ModeDW and ModeStEB. In accordance with the schematic representation of elec- tron beam facility and heterogeneous target presented in Figs.1,2 a source of electron beam including spectral characteristics, a scanner, a conveyor line, an irradiated target are considered as uniform self-consistent geomet- rical and physical models. 3. PHYSICAL AND SIMULATION MODEL 3.1. PHYSICAL MODEL OF AN IRRADIA- TION PROCESS The physical model of an irradiation process for EB radiation technologies includes the following principal elements: EB irradiator characteristics, the systems pa- rameters which provide the necessary spatial character- istics in radiation processing, radiation and physical characteristics of irradiated product. Besides, the set of processes of interaction of ionizing radiation with prod- uct which are necessary for description of results with the established accuracy are included in physical model at the theoretical analysis and/or computer modeling of ionizing radiation expose on product. In the physical model the parameters of an EB irra- diator, an irradiation system, and an irradiated object as Input data for the programs ModeDW and ModeStEB are the following: Parameters of electron beam: average beam current, or pulse duration and repetition frequency in pulsed accelerators, electron spectrum, beam diame- ter and spatial distribution of the beam intensity, angular distribution of electron beam at the outlet of a scanning system. Parameters of scanning system: modes of oper- ation, the triangular or non-diverging irradiation of tar- get; form of current in magnet of scanning system; repe- tition frequency of scanning; parameters of the exit win- dow for electron beam. Parameters of conveyor line: speed and geometrical characteristics of the line. Pa- rameters of irradiated product: geometrical characteris- tics of the irradiated product; elemental composition of the target; material and size of the covering for irradiat- ed product. Regimes of target irradiation: one-, two-sid- ed irradiation. The following processes of interaction of an EB with material and their modeling conceptions were in- cluded in the physical model: • electrons lost energy by two basic processing: in- elastic collisions with atomic electrons and bremsstrahlung; • inelastic electron collisions with atomic electrons lead to excitation and ionization of the atoms along the path of the particles (model of grouping of the transferred energy); • emission of the secondary electrons (model of the threshold energy); • electrons participated in elastic collisions with atomic nuclear lead to changes in the electron di- rection (model of grouping of transferred pulse). In the energy range of incident electrons from 100 keV to 10 MeV and irradiated materials with atom- ic number Z 30, the model uncertainty is less than 5%≤ for calculated dose and charge depositions in the field of the basic EB energy absorption. 3.2. MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER METHODS OF CALCULATION The developed software use a combination of two methods for calculation of an absorbed dose in an object irradiated by electrons: the formulas of semiempirical models and simulation of transport of electron and gam- ma radiation by a MC method. The features of a pro- gram realization are the use of the following methods: 1. Method of a randomization of EB scanning pro- cess is used for an effective evaluation of productivity of the calculation scheme at the set parameters of an ir- radiation process and a choice of statistics for MC simu- lation which ensure a required statistical error for simu- 202 lation results. 2. Method of object translation. This new method is intended for the effective solution of non-stationary tasks in which desired quantity is the integral on a pro- cess time. The problem of a dose calculation in an irra- diated object after its passage through an irradiation zone (travel or crossing through a zone) falls into such class of tasks. 3. Optimization of model parameters of calculation. The uncertainty of modeling results essentially depends on values of the adjusting parameters for used models of interaction processes of radiation with materials. There- fore, in the computation scheme the model parameters of simulation are chosen according with geometrical and physical characteristics of an irradiation process to minimize the run time for obtaining simulation results with the established accuracy. For optimization of mod- el parameters the adaptive algorithm on the basis of semiempirical formulas is used [8]. The 3-D dose distribution in an irradiated dosimetric films located in the wedge and stack is represented as a function of two coordinates: the film width along the scan direction (axis Y), and the film length along con- veyer motion (axis Z), the dose value integrated along film thickness (axis X). Modeling of EB transport from the outlet window of accelerator to the incident surface of the irradiated target takes into account scattering of electrons in an air gap. The requirements for computer modeling were chosen so that in selected range of absorbed doses the relative root-mean-square statistical error was less than 1%. The software ModeDW and ModeStEB provides the end-user with: data sets in the graphic and tabular form for an absorbed dose and charge depositions within the dosimetric devices irradiated with a scanned EB; com- prehensive comparative analysis of output data; cogni- tive visualization of output data; decision of optimiza- tion problems with using dynamic and statistical databases; presentation of physical and operational char- acteristics for radiation processing. 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE SOFTWARE MODEDW AND MODESTEB Developed software can be used for the following problem tasks in radiation processing: 1. Determination of dependence of an absorbed dose distribution in a film as function of: density and a chem- ical composition of film material; width and thickness of a film; geometrical arrangement of a film in a wedge and stack; density and a chemical composition of a wedge and stack materials; geometrical sizes of a wedge and stack; an orientation angle of a wedge and stack rel- atively to incident electron beam. 2. Examination of dependence of an absorbed dose distribution in a film as function of: an EB current and speed of a conveyer motion; an angular distribution of electrons in a beam; a spatial distribution of electrons in a beam; a width of EB scanning; an angular characteris- tics of a scan process; a time sweep of the scanner; an air gap between the scanner and a target. 3. The comparative analysis of visual and numerical difference of the depth-dose distributions in a film for: various parameters of calculation; various calculation models; an experimental and calculated depth-dose dis- tributions in a film. The feature of the software ModeDW and Mod- eStEB are the following: 1. Built-in tools for statistical analysis. 2. Built-in tools for uncertainties estimation of re- sults simulation due to uncertainties of input data for ra- diation facility. 3. Estimation of uncertainties for physical models. 4. Comparison Modulus for visual and a numerical analysis of calculated and experimental data and for de- cision of optimization tasks in radiation processing. 5. Built-in tools for processing of experimental dosi- metric data and their comparison with simulation pre- dictions. The softwares have intuitively clear graphical inter- face for the end-users with the following features: 1. Detailed decomposition of input data for main ele- ments of source and target (including spectral character- istics for irradiation source). 2. Two levels for entering of input data via configu- ration files and manually. 3. Expert control for the range of input data and co- ordination for the set of geometrical and physical input data. 4. Compatibility of export an input data to different modules. 5. RESULTS SIMULATION Some results of simulation of an EB dose distribu- tion in the PVC (polyvinylchloride) dosimetric films lo- cated between stack plates are presented in Figs.3,4. The comparison results for EB dose distribution in the 1st, 4th and 7th PVC films layers located between PS (polystyrene) plates are shown in Figs.3,a,b, c re- spectively. Stack consists of 8 packages. Each package includes 2 layers: PS with thickness 1 cm and density 1 g/cm3, and PVC film with thickness 0.026 cm and density 1.3 g/cm3. Stack size is 10x10 cm along scan di- rection and along conveyer movement. Stack is irradiat- ed by a point beam of electrons with energy 10 MeV in the stationary regime. As it is seen from Figs.3,a,b,c, the form of EB dose distribution has the cone form in each film layers. The passage of the point EB through the multi-layer struc- ture of the stack is characterized by the monotonous de- creasing of EB energy and expansion of the cone base diameter with increasing of layers number from an en- trance surface of EB. The comparison results for EB dose distribution in the 1st, 4th and 6th PVC films layers located between PE (polyethylene) plates are shown in Figs.4,a,b,c re- spectively. The stack consists of 6 packages. Each pack- age includes 3 layers: PE-PVC-PE, PE with thickness 0.5 cm and density 1 g/cm3, and PVC film with thick- ness 0.1cm and density 1.3 g/cm3. Stack size is 20 cm along scan direction and 10 cm along conveyer move- ____________________________________________________________ PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2008. 3.№ Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (49), p.201-205. 203 ment. Stack is irradiated by the scanned non-diverging EB with energy 10 MeV on moving conveyer. Fig.3. 3-D view of the dose distribution in the PVC dosimetric film in the 1st, 4th and 7th film layers Analysis of simulation results for the EB absorbed dose field formation in the multi-layer structure of the stack irradiated with the scanned non-diverging EB have shown that beginning with 2nd package, the value of absorbed dose in PVC films near the interface of package with air is reduced about in 20-40 percent on the length from interface up to 4 cm in comparison with the packages center (See Fig.4,a). This effect can be ex- plained by the balance disruption of primary scattered electrons near the interface of stack plates with air. An appearance in the lowermost (6th) film layer of the local maximum for dose distribution near interface of film with air (See Fig.4,a) can be explained by the lateral highlighting by the flux of primary electrons scattered in air. Together with dosimetric functions, the developed software allow to investigate the mechanism of ab- sorbed dose field formation in multi-layers targets. Fig.4. 3-D view of the dose distribution in the PVC dosimetric film in the 1st, 4th and 6th film layers CONCLUSIONS The developed software essentially expands oppor- tunities of the further development and usage of a pro- cedure of the dosimetric wedge and the stack, because it remove the restrictions on obtaining of experimental data only in conditions when the flat one-dimensional case of an EB irradiation is realized. 1. Software allows to develop optimum construc- tions of the dosimetric wedge and stack for monitoring of operational characteristics for EB. (on the basis of the analysis of sensitivity procedure of the dosimetric wedge and stack). 2. Software allows to extract the maximal possible information on characteristics of the irradiation process with scanned EB on the basis of the comparative analy- sis of calculated and experimental results. 3. Software allows to develop the optimum phantom of an object irradiated with EB for the experimental testing of selected modes of an irradiation. 204 The softwares allow to determine a dose map in an irradiated materials, a dose uniformity ratio, an energy of incident electrons, an EB ranges, prediction and anal- ysis of the EB absorbed dose characteristics related with parameters of EB radiation facility, as well as an inter- pretation of experimental dosimetry results. In the field of EB radiation processing the programs can be used for commissioning of EB facility, EB facility qualification, process validation and routine process control. REFERENCES 1. W. Mclaughlin, A. Boyd, K. Chadwick, A. Miller. Dosimetry for radiation processing. New York: “Taylor and Francis”, 1989. 2. R.Chosdu, N. Hilmy, R. Tobing, L. Kicky, T. Raz- zak. Dosimetry measurements during the commis- sioning of the GJ-2 electron accelerator // Radiat. Phys. Chem. 46. 1995, p.1175-1179. 3. K. Mehta, R. Chu, G. VanDyk, Electron dosimetry for 10-MEV Linac // Radiat. Phys. Chem. 31. 1988, p.425-434. 4. ISO/ASTM Standard 51649. Practice for Dosimetry in an E-Beam Facility for Radiation Processing at Energies between 300 keV and 25 MeV // Annual Book of ASTM Standards. 2005, v.12.02. 5. Radiation Dosimetry: Electron Beams with Ener- gies between 1 and 50 MeV // International Com- mission on Radiation Units and Measurements. 1984, report 35, Bethesda, MD, USA. 6. V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G. Popov, Yu. Rogov. RT-Office for Optimization of Industrial EB and X- Ray Processing // Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: “Nuclear Physics Investiga- tion” (43). 2004, 1, № p.186-189. 7. V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G. Popov, Yu. Rogov. Simulation methods for quality control of radiation technologies // Proceed. of the IAEA Coordination Meeting of the TC RER/8/10 project. "Status and prospects of radiation processing in Europe". Warsaw, Poland. 2005, p.141-156. 8. V.M. Lazurik, T. Tabata, V.T. Lazurik. A database for electron-material interactions // Radiat. Phys. Chem. 2001, v.60, p.161-162. ИНТЕГРИРОВАНИЕ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ МЕТОДОВ В ДОЗИМЕТРИЮ РАДИАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В.Т. Лазурик, В.М. Лазурик, Г.Ф. Попов, Ю.В. Рогов Разработано программное обеспечения для моделирования методом Монте-Карло дозиметрических устройств, таких как дозиметрический клин (ModeDW) и пакет (ModeStEB), облучаемых сканирующим пуч- ком электронов на движущемся конвейере. Интегрирование компьютерного моделирования распределения дозы в пленках, расположенных в клине и пакете, изготовленных из произвольных материалов, расширяет методические возможности этих дозиметрических устройств в дозиметрии радиационных технологий. ІНТЕГРУВАННЯ РОЗРАХУНКОВИХ МЕТОДІВ В ДОЗИМЕТРІЮ РАДІАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В.Т. Лазурік, В.М. Лазурік, Г.Ф. Попов, Ю. В. Рогов Розроблено програмне забезпечення для моделювання методом Монте-Карло дозиметричних приладів, таких як дозиметричний клин (ModeDW) та пакет (ModeStEB), які опромінюються сканованим пучком електронів на конвеєрі, що рухається. Інтегрування комп'ютерного моделювання розподілу дози в плівках, які розташовані в клині та пакеті з довільного матеріалу розширюють методичні можливості цих дозиметричних приладів в дозиметрії радіаційних технологій. ____________________________________________________________ PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2008. 3.№ Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (49), p.201-205. 205 INTEGRATION OF COMPUTATION METHODS IN DOSIMETRY OF RADIATION PROCESSING Software for modelling by Monte Carlo (MC) method the dosimetric devices such as dosimetric wedge (ModeDW) and stack (ModeStEB) irradiated with scanned electron beam on moving conveyer was developed by authors. Integration of computer modelling of a dose distribution in films located in a wedge and stack made of arbitrary materials expands the procedure opportunities of the dosimetric devices in the dosimetry of radiation processing. 1. introduction In the Fig.2 two wedges are stacking together to form a rectangular block. Dosimetric film is inserted along the sloping surface between the two wedges made of an arbitrary materials. The rectangular block can be located under arbitrary angles relatively incident electron beam axis. 7.V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G. Popov, Yu. Rogov. Simulation methods for quality control of radiation technologies // Proceed. of the IAEA Coordination Meeting of the TC RER/8/10 project. "Status and prospects of radiation processing in Europe". Warsaw, Poland. 2005, p.141-156. Разработано программное обеспечения для моделирования методом Монте-Карло дозиметрических устройств, таких как дозиметрический клин (ModeDW) и пакет (ModeStEB), облучаемых сканирующим пучком электронов на движущемся конвейере. Интегрирование компьютерного моделирования распределения дозы в пленках, расположенных в клине и пакете, изготовленных из произвольных материалов, расширяет методические возможности этих дозиметрических устройств в дозиметрии радиационных технологий.
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institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
issn 1562-6016
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-28T05:08:47Z
publishDate 2008
publisher Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
record_format dspace
spelling Lazurik, V.T.
Lazurik, V.M.
Popov, G.F.
Rogov, Y.V.
2017-01-09T20:40:23Z
2017-01-09T20:40:23Z
2008
Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing / V.T. Lazurik, V.M. Lazurik, G.F. Popov, Y.V. Rogov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2008. — № 3. — С. 201-205. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ.
1562-6016
PACS: 29.17.+w
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/111440
Software for modelling by Monte Carlo (MC) method the dosimetric devices such as dosimetric wedge (ModeDW) and stack (ModeStEB) irradiated with scanned electron beam on moving conveyer was developed by authors. Integration of computer modelling of a dose distribution in films located in a wedge and stack made of arbitrary materials expands the procedure opportunities of the dosimetric devices in the dosimetry of radiation processing.
Розроблено програмне забезпечення для моделювання методом Монте-Карло дозиметричних приладів, таких як дозиметричний клин (ModeDW) та пакет (ModeStEB), які опромінюються сканованим пучком електронів на конвеєрі, що рухається. Інтегрування комп'ютерного моделювання розподілу дози в плівках, які розташовані в клині та пакеті з довільного матеріалу розширюють методичні можливості цих дозиметричних приладів в дозиметрії радіаційних технологій.
Разработано программное обеспечения для моделирования методом Монте-Карло дозиметрических устройств, таких как дозиметрический клин (ModeDW) и пакет (ModeStEB), облучаемых сканирующим пучком электронов на движущемся конвейере. Интегрирование компьютерного моделирования распределения дозы в пленках, расположенных в клине и пакете, изготовленных из произвольных материалов, расширяет методические возможности этих дозиметрических устройств в дозиметрии радиационных технологий.
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
Вопросы атомной науки и техники
Применение ускорителей
Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
Інтегрування розрахункових методів в дозиметрію радіаційних технологій
Интегрирование вычислительных методов в дозиметрию радиационных технологий
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
Lazurik, V.T.
Lazurik, V.M.
Popov, G.F.
Rogov, Y.V.
Применение ускорителей
title Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
title_alt Інтегрування розрахункових методів в дозиметрію радіаційних технологій
Интегрирование вычислительных методов в дозиметрию радиационных технологий
title_full Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
title_fullStr Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
title_full_unstemmed Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
title_short Integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
title_sort integration of computation methods in dosimetry of radiation processing
topic Применение ускорителей
topic_facet Применение ускорителей
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/111440
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AT rogovyv íntegruvannârozrahunkovihmetodívvdozimetríûradíacíinihtehnologíi
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AT lazurikvm integrirovanievyčislitelʹnyhmetodovvdozimetriûradiacionnyhtehnologii
AT popovgf integrirovanievyčislitelʹnyhmetodovvdozimetriûradiacionnyhtehnologii
AT rogovyv integrirovanievyčislitelʹnyhmetodovvdozimetriûradiacionnyhtehnologii