Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B»
The paper presents the magnet system for electron beam focusing and transport developed, manufactured and applied in this work including: an inductive sensor for magnetic field strength measurement, having characteristics similar to those of the Hall sensor, with which a map of the magnetic field in...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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| Дата: | 2013 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2013
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» / A.B. Batrakov, Е.G. Glushko, A.A. Zinchenko, Yu.F. Lonin, A.G. Ponomarev, S.I. Fedotov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 4. — С. 7-9. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859717103384264704 |
|---|---|
| author | Batrakov, A.B. Glushko, Е.G. Zinchenko, A.A. Lonin, Yu.F. Ponomarev, A.G. Fedotov, S.I. |
| author_facet | Batrakov, A.B. Glushko, Е.G. Zinchenko, A.A. Lonin, Yu.F. Ponomarev, A.G. Fedotov, S.I. |
| citation_txt | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» / A.B. Batrakov, Е.G. Glushko, A.A. Zinchenko, Yu.F. Lonin, A.G. Ponomarev, S.I. Fedotov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 4. — С. 7-9. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The paper presents the magnet system for electron beam focusing and transport developed, manufactured and applied in this work including: an inductive sensor for magnetic field strength measurement, having characteristics similar to those of the Hall sensor, with which a map of the magnetic field in the accelerator diode has been obtained; a synchronizer designed to control the accelerator magnetic field triggering in the wide time interval; a stand for Rogovski loop calibration, used for noncontact measurement of the current in magnetic field solenoid coils.
Розрахована і виготовлена магнітна система для фокусування і транспортування електронних пучків. Виготовлений індуктивний датчик для виміру напруженості магнітного поля, аналогічний за своїми характеристиками датчику Хола, за допомогою якого була знята карта магнітного поля в діоді прискорювача. Розроблений і виготовлений синхронізатор, що дозволяє управляти запуском магнітних полів прискорювача в широкому тимчасовому діапазоні. Розроблений і виготовлений стенд для калібрування поясів Роговського, за допомогою якого вимірюється струм в котушках соленоїдів магнітних полів на безконтактній основі.
Рассчитана и изготовлена магнитная система для фокусировки и транспортировки электронных пучков. Изготовлен индуктивный датчик для измерения напряженности магнитного поля, аналогичный по своим характеристикам датчику Холла, при помощи которого была снята карта магнитного поля в диоде ускорителя. Разработан и изготовлен синхронизатор, позволяющий управлять запуском магнитных полей ускорителя в широком временном диапазоне. Разработан и изготовлен стенд для калибровки поясов Роговского, с помощью которого измеряется ток в катушках соленоидов магнитных полей на бесконтактной основе.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-01T08:10:30Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №4(86) 7
PULSED MAGNETIC SYSTEM OF THE RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON
BEAM ACCELERATOR «TEMP-B»
A.B. Batrakov, Е.G. Glushko, A.A. Zinchenko, Yu.F. Lonin,
A.G. Ponomarev, S.I. Fedotov
National Science Center «Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology», Kharkov, Ukraine
E-mail: batrakov@e-mail.ua
The paper presents the magnet system for electron beam focusing and transport developed, manufactured and
applied in this work including: an inductive sensor for magnetic field strength measurement, having characteristics
similar to those of the Hall sensor, with which a map of the magnetic field in the accelerator diode has been ob-
tained; a synchronizer designed to control the accelerator magnetic field triggering in the wide time interval; a stand
for Rogovski loop calibration, used for noncontact measurement of the current in magnetic field solenoid coils.
PACS: 29.20.-c; PACS: 29.27.-Eg
INTRODUCTION
Magnetic systems, being an integral part of charged
particle accelerators, are designed to perform such func-
tions as: particle injection in and ejection from the ac-
celerator channel beam focusing and transport. Using a
detailed magnetic field map, measured with an in-
creased accuracy, it is possible to improve appreciably
the main accelerator performance – efficiency of parti-
cle beam transport throughout the accelerator channel
[1].
The objective of this work was to develop, manufac-
ture and apply the magnetic systems operating under
radiation conditions, in order to obtain a high-power
magnetic field in the accelerator. To deliver a required
energy to the target in the form of a shaped high-power
relativistic electron beam (REB) one needs a magnetic
field strength of tens kOe.
MAGNETIC SYSTEM
Beam parameters are directly related to the energy
loss on diode construction units. In diode constructions
with a long cathode holder going beyond the shaping
and transporting line, the vacuum surface of an acceler-
ating column insulator is bombarded by electrons. As a
result, the number of discharges on the insulator surface
increases and the diode commutation time decreases.
To transport a high-current electron beam it is nec-
essary to apply a focusing magnetic field having a suffi-
ciently high strength. Then, the Larmor radius of the
electron beam, moving in such a field, will be much less
than its diameter (beam cross-section). Reasoning from
the above, we have decided to use the magnetic focus-
ing method on the accelerator “Temp-B”. The magnetic
system comprises two solenoids one of which increases
the magnetic insulation of the accelerating column, and
other one shapes and transports the relativistic electron
beam (REB).
Magnetic fields of these solenoids, being in phase,
are triggered by synchronizers at a given time.
The magnetic field is produced by the pulse dis-
charge current of an energy storage capacitor through
the solenoid coil. The magnetic field strength is calcu-
lated by the following equation:
2 2 2 2
1 21 2
2 2 2 2
1 2
ln ln ,j
b b h b b hh hH H
b a b aa a h a a h
⎡ ⎤+ + + +
⎢ ⎥= +
− −⎢ ⎥+ + + +⎣ ⎦
where h – solenoid length, h1, h2 – distance from the
solenoid ends to the measurement point, a and b – in-
ternal and external radii of the solenoid,
0, 4 ,j
NIH
h
π ⋅
=
where N – number of turns, I – electrical current in the
solenoid.
A cylindrical solenoid designed for REB focusing
and transport is powered by the bank of 40 K41I-7 ca-
pacitors with a capacity of 100 uF each. The solenoid is
placed in the accelerating column. The solenoid case
end is located on the distance of 700 mm from the high-
voltage electrode end at which the cathode holder stem
is fastened. The solenoid enclosed in the stainless steel
case has the length of 510 mm and consists of 150 coils.
The solenoid inductivity is 0.9 mH. When the capacitor
bank charged to 2 kV is discharging, the maximum
3 kA electrical current, flowing through the solenoid,
creates the magnetic field strength equal to 10.27 kOe.
The coil heating in one triggering action reaches 6.8°C.
A conic solenoid (30 mH inductance, 0.5 ohms re-
sistance), designed for diode magnetic insulation forma-
tion, is powered by the bank of 40 IМ2-5-140U4 capaci-
tors with a capacity of 140 mkF each. The transformer
oil-immersed solenoid is located above the accelerator
column. It has a length of 830 mm and consists of
208 coils. When the capacitor bank charged to 2.5 kV is
discharged, the electrical current flowing through the
solenoid creates the magnetic field strength equal to
4.1 kOe.
Solenoids have been turned on so that maximum
strength values were synchronized. This was done by
selecting a consistent delay in turning on the second
solenoid located on the synchronizer rack.
For modern physical devices the problems of mag-
netic field monitoring under real experiment conditions
with high radiation loads in accelerators are of current
importance. Especially, current information about the
magnetic field state is necessary for the accelerator
steady operation. Usually, the magnetic field measure-
ments are carried out outside the accelerator.
The magnetic filed strength has been measured, at
first, with a Hall sensor. However, at high intensities its
characteristics get the nonlinear region, therefore, for
subsequent measurements a measuring coil was used.
The measuring coil consists of 2000 coils of 0.1 mm
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №4(86) 8
copper wire on the insulating frame of 20 mm in diame-
ter with the time intergation of 1 s.
Fig. 1 presents the magnetic field distribution along
the accelerating column axis where curve 1 is the
strength of the conic magnetic field solenoid and
curve 2 is the strength of the cylindrical magnetic field
solenoid.
Fig. 1. Magnetic field distribution along
the accelerating column axis
Fig. 2 shows the magnetic field strength distribution
on the cylindrical field radius, where 1 – magnetic field
strength distribution at a distance of 70 mm from the so-
lenoid axis; 2 – 37 mm from the axis; 3 – along the axis.
Fig. 2. Magnetic field strength distribution along
the cylindrical field radius
Fig. 3. Schematic representation of the stand
for Rogowski loop calibration
The stand shown in Fig. 3 allows one to obtain rec-
tangular current pulses of 80 A and a duration of several
microseconds. The current commutation is performed
with a key made on the IGBT GA200SA60S transistor
which is driven by the NR3120 driver with optical isola-
tion. The signal from the shunt (Rsh) and the Rogowski
loop is fed to the oscillograph.
In Fig. 4 the upper ray is a shunt signal, the lower
one is a Rogowski loop signal obtained from the cylin-
drical field solenoid coils. The Rogowski loop signal
corresponds to the shunt signal with a coefficient of
0.34 kA/mV.
Fig. 4. Oscillograph of the cylindrical magnetic field
solenoid current measured with the help of shunt (1)
and Rogowski loop (2)
SYNCHRONIZER
The synchronizer assembled of units is a completed
functional device. Synchronizer units are arranged in the
case "CAMAC" by the appropriate unit commutation.
The synchronizer consists of a trigger-pulse unit and a
delay unit. A trigger-pulse unit is made on the base of I-
NE chips and a multivibrator. It enables to carry out
triggering, both in the manual mode, and by the external
positive pulse with the amplitude to 50 V.
The delay units based on the K155AG1 monostable
multivibrator have different duration of adjustable de-
lays which are determined by the external elements R
and C connected to the multivibrator. The output pulse
shaper includes a multivibrator and three transistors.
The amplitude of the positive pulse output is 500 V.
Fig. 5. Block diagram of the synchronizer
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2013. №4(86) 9
A block diagram of the synchronizer is shown in
Fig. 5. Channel 1 provides actuation of the first mag-
netic field conic solenoid without delay. Channel 2 pro-
vides actuation of the second magnetic field cylindrical
solenoid with a delay of 20 μs, which is adjusted in step
of 0.2 μs⋅10. Channel 3 is triggered by channel 2 and
provides the oscillograph triggering with a delay of
5 ms and adjustment of 0.1 μs⋅10. Channel 4 is triggered
by channel 3 and provides triggering of a pulse voltage
generator (PVG)) with a delay of 100 μs and adjustment
of 10 μs⋅10.
Fig. 6. Schematic representation
of the trigger-pulse unit
The trigger-pulse unit and the delay unit schematic
diagrams are presented in Figs. 6 and 7.
The experimental results show that the magnetic sys-
tem having a cylindrical magnetic field of 11 kOe
strength and a conic field of 4 kOe strength enables to
obtain the beam current of 12 kA [3]. If only the cylin-
drical field has been actuated the beam current was
equal to 10.5 kA.
Fig. 7. Schematic representation of the delay unit
CONCLUSIONS
1. In the presented magnetic system the magnetic
field strength distributions were obtained. This result
allows one to evaluate the charged particle beam path
and to choose an optimum place for the cathode and
target location.
2. The scheme applied for magnetic diode insulation,
using a conic magnetic field solenoid, permits to get a
higher beam current.
REFERENCES
1. A.N. Didenko, V.P. Grigoriev, Yu.P. Usov. High-
power electron beams and their application.
M.: "Atomizdat", 1977, 280 p.
2. G. Knoepfel. Pulse High Magnetic Fields.
M.: "Mir", 1972, 391 p.
3. A.B. Batrakov, S.P. Bondarenko, Yu.F. Lonin, et al.
Optimization of relativistic electron bunch parame-
ters to generate a high-power X-ray bremsstrahlung
radiation // Problems of Atomic Science and Tech-
nology. Series "Nuclear Physics Research" (45).
2010, № 2, p. 206-207.
Article received 26.04.2013
ИМПУЛЬСНАЯ МАГНИТНАЯ СИСТЕМА УСКОРИТЕЛЯ РЕЛЯТИВИСТСКИХ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ
ПУЧКОВ «ТЕМП-Б»
А.Б. Батраков, Е.Г. Глушко, А.А. Зинченко, Ю.Ф. Лонин, А.Г. Пономарев, С.И. Федотов
Рассчитана и изготовлена магнитная система для фокусировки и транспортировки электронных пучков.
Изготовлен индуктивный датчик для измерения напряженности магнитного поля, аналогичный по своим
характеристикам датчику Холла, при помощи которого была снята карта магнитного поля в диоде ускорите-
ля. Разработан и изготовлен синхронизатор, позволяющий управлять запуском магнитных полей ускорителя
в широком временном диапазоне. Разработан и изготовлен стенд для калибровки поясов Роговского, с по-
мощью которого измеряется ток в катушках соленоидов магнитных полей на бесконтактной основе.
ІМПУЛЬСНА МАГНІТНА СИСТЕМА ПРИСКОРЮВАЧА РЕЛЯТИВІСТСЬКИХ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ
ПУЧКІВ «ТЕМП-Б»
О.Б. Батраков, Є.Г. Глушко, А.О. Зінченко, Ю.Ф. Лонін, А.Г. Пономарьов, С.І. Федотов
Розрахована і виготовлена магнітна система для фокусування і транспортування електронних пучків. Ви-
готовлений індуктивний датчик для виміру напруженості магнітного поля, аналогічний за своїми характери-
стиками датчику Хола, за допомогою якого була знята карта магнітного поля в діоді прискорювача. Розроб-
лений і виготовлений синхронізатор, що дозволяє управляти запуском магнітних полів прискорювача в ши-
рокому тимчасовому діапазоні. Розроблений і виготовлений стенд для калібрування поясів Роговського, за
допомогою якого вимірюється струм в котушках соленоїдів магнітних полів на безконтактній основі.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-111908 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-01T08:10:30Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Batrakov, A.B. Glushko, Е.G. Zinchenko, A.A. Lonin, Yu.F. Ponomarev, A.G. Fedotov, S.I. 2017-01-15T14:54:45Z 2017-01-15T14:54:45Z 2013 Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» / A.B. Batrakov, Е.G. Glushko, A.A. Zinchenko, Yu.F. Lonin, A.G. Ponomarev, S.I. Fedotov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2013. — № 4. — С. 7-9. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.20.-c; PACS: 29.27.-Eg https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/111908 The paper presents the magnet system for electron beam focusing and transport developed, manufactured and applied in this work including: an inductive sensor for magnetic field strength measurement, having characteristics similar to those of the Hall sensor, with which a map of the magnetic field in the accelerator diode has been obtained; a synchronizer designed to control the accelerator magnetic field triggering in the wide time interval; a stand for Rogovski loop calibration, used for noncontact measurement of the current in magnetic field solenoid coils. Розрахована і виготовлена магнітна система для фокусування і транспортування електронних пучків. Виготовлений індуктивний датчик для виміру напруженості магнітного поля, аналогічний за своїми характеристиками датчику Хола, за допомогою якого була знята карта магнітного поля в діоді прискорювача. Розроблений і виготовлений синхронізатор, що дозволяє управляти запуском магнітних полів прискорювача в широкому тимчасовому діапазоні. Розроблений і виготовлений стенд для калібрування поясів Роговського, за допомогою якого вимірюється струм в котушках соленоїдів магнітних полів на безконтактній основі. Рассчитана и изготовлена магнитная система для фокусировки и транспортировки электронных пучков. Изготовлен индуктивный датчик для измерения напряженности магнитного поля, аналогичный по своим характеристикам датчику Холла, при помощи которого была снята карта магнитного поля в диоде ускорителя. Разработан и изготовлен синхронизатор, позволяющий управлять запуском магнитных полей ускорителя в широком временном диапазоне. Разработан и изготовлен стенд для калибровки поясов Роговского, с помощью которого измеряется ток в катушках соленоидов магнитных полей на бесконтактной основе. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Сильноточная релятивистская электроника Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» Імпульсна магнітна система прискорювача релятивістських електронних пучків «Темп-Б» Импульсная магнитная система ускорителя релятивистских электронных пучков «Темп-Б» Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» Batrakov, A.B. Glushko, Е.G. Zinchenko, A.A. Lonin, Yu.F. Ponomarev, A.G. Fedotov, S.I. Сильноточная релятивистская электроника |
| title | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» |
| title_alt | Імпульсна магнітна система прискорювача релятивістських електронних пучків «Темп-Б» Импульсная магнитная система ускорителя релятивистских электронных пучков «Темп-Б» |
| title_full | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» |
| title_fullStr | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» |
| title_short | Pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «Temp-B» |
| title_sort | pulsed magnetic system of the relativistic electron beam accelerator «temp-b» |
| topic | Сильноточная релятивистская электроника |
| topic_facet | Сильноточная релятивистская электроника |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/111908 |
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