Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours
The numerical investigation of the formation of chemically active radicals during the discharge in water vapors has been carried out. An increase in the number of radicals in terms of time and a change in thermodynamical discharge parameters were determined for different U, L, C values of the discha...
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1121122025-02-10T00:40:20Z Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours Чисельне дослідження впливу параметрів електричного кола на напрацювання хімічно активних радикалів у парах води Численное исследование влияния параметров электрической цепи на наработку химически активных радикалов в парах воды Vinnikov, D.V. Вычислительные и модельные системы The numerical investigation of the formation of chemically active radicals during the discharge in water vapors has been carried out. An increase in the number of radicals in terms of time and a change in thermodynamical discharge parameters were determined for different U, L, C values of the discharge circuit. Consideration was given to the two domains, in particular the discharge channel and the region between the discharge channel and the shock wave front. Special attention was given to such chemical components as: OH, O, H, H₂O₂, HO₂, H₂O. Проведено чисельне дослідження утворення хімічно активних радикалів при розряді в парах води. Для різних значень U, L, C розрядного кола визначене напрацювання радикалів у часі та зміна термодинамічних параметрів розряду. Розглянуті дві області утворення радикалів: канал розряду, область між каналом розряду і фронтом ударної хвилі. Розглядалися хімічні компоненти: OH, O, H, H₂O₂, HO₂, H₂O. Проведено численное исследование образования химически активных радикалов при разряде в парах воды. Для различных значений U, L, C разрядной цепи определены наработка радикалов во времени и изменение термодинамических параметров разряда. Рассмотрены две области образования радикалов: канал разряда, область между каналом разряда и фронтом ударной волны. Рассматривались химические компоненты: OH, O, H, H₂O₂, HO₂, H₂O. 2015 Article Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours / D.V. Vinnikov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 3. — С. 159-165. — Бібліогр.: 23 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.80.Wg, 52.80.Tn, 51.50.+v https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112112 en Вопросы атомной науки и техники application/pdf Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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Вычислительные и модельные системы Вычислительные и модельные системы |
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Вычислительные и модельные системы Вычислительные и модельные системы Vinnikov, D.V. Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description |
The numerical investigation of the formation of chemically active radicals during the discharge in water vapors has been carried out. An increase in the number of radicals in terms of time and a change in thermodynamical discharge parameters were determined for different U, L, C values of the discharge circuit. Consideration was given to the two domains, in particular the discharge channel and the region between the discharge channel and the shock wave front. Special attention was given to such chemical components as: OH, O, H, H₂O₂, HO₂, H₂O. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Vinnikov, D.V. |
| author_facet |
Vinnikov, D.V. |
| author_sort |
Vinnikov, D.V. |
| title |
Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours |
| title_short |
Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours |
| title_full |
Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours |
| title_fullStr |
Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours |
| title_sort |
numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| topic_facet |
Вычислительные и модельные системы |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112112 |
| citation_txt |
Numerical investigation of the influence produced by electric circuit parameters on the formation of chemically active radicals in water vapours / D.V. Vinnikov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 3. — С. 159-165. — Бібліогр.: 23 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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2025-12-02T05:31:40Z |
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2025-12-02T05:31:40Z |
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| fulltext |
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE
PRODUCED BY ELECTRIC CIRCUIT PARAMETERS ON
THE FORMATION OF CHEMICALLY ACTIVE RADICALS IN
WATER VAPOURS
D.V.Vinnikov ∗
National Science Center ”Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, 61108, Kharkov, Ukraine
(Received February 6, 2015)
The numerical investigation of the formation of chemically active radicals during the discharge in water vapors has
been carried out. An increase in the number of radicals in terms of time and a change in thermodynamical discharge
parameters were determined for different U , L, C values of the discharge circuit. Consideration was given to the two
domains, in particular the discharge channel and the region between the discharge channel and the shock wave front.
Special attention was given to such chemical components as: OH, O, H, H2O2, HO2, H2O.
PACS: 52.80.Wg, 52.80.Tn, 51.50.+v
1. INTRODUCTION
At the present time the underwater spark discharge
finds many practical applications. The electrical hy-
draulics repeatedly makes itself known as a new chap-
ter of electrochemistry, which is called the pulsed
electrochemistry. The electrohydraulic method can
be used as an alternative of chemical methods used
for the treatment of the medium in such processes
as the removal of incrusting matters and diamond
cakes or metal catalysts from the flax fiber, and also
bleaching of flax cotton wool, drinking water disinfec-
tion and waste water treatment. Therefore, a lot of
experimental and theoretical work is done at the mo-
ment [1-10] to investigate the mechanisms of changes
in physical and chemical properties of water and wa-
ter solutions of organic and inorganic substances sub-
jected to the action of electrical discharge. The elec-
trohydraulic discharge has many advantages as for its
chemical action on liquid media in comparison with
the atmospheric pressure barrier glow discharge with
the electrolytic cathode, and the spark electric air
discharge in the presence of water vapors [11]. In the
case of electrohydraulic discharge active radicals are
formed directly in the treated medium, and this pro-
vides the volumetric treatment of the medium. Other
types of discharges provide only the surface treatment
that reduces their efficiency. In contrast to gas and
transient discharges electric water discharges practi-
cally exclude the formation of the broad spectrum of
nitrides of high toxicity and sufficiently long lifetime.
A hydroxyl radical OH is rather easily formed in wa-
ter discharges and it has better oxidation properties
in comparison with ozone. It should be noted that it
is difficult to produce ozone in high humidity condi-
tions because of the increased velocity of its decom-
position. In previous papers consideration was given
to the underwater spark discharge and its potential
application for different technological processes [12-
14]. These scientific papers describe the vapor-gas-
plasma cavity (VGPC) in which plasma, chemically
active elements and their components capable of pro-
ducing influence on the acidity of treated medium are
formed.
The VGPC envelope coincides with the shock
wave front and it functions as an interface between
the untreated liquid and the vapor-gas-plasma mix-
ture. We gave no consideration to the availability
of radicals outside the VGPC envelope. The pro-
cesses that occur within the VGPC envelope require
more detailed studies to reveal the areas of accrual
of some chemically active radicals, for example, OH,
HO2 those that are capable of changing the acid-
ity of the treated medium. There are many math-
ematical models [15-18] that allow for the adequate
description of the processes that occur in the electro-
hydraulic discharge. However, the chemical compo-
sition of the medium for the known compositions is
calculated on the assumption of the establishment of
chemical equilibrium. The characteristic times of the
behavior of chemical processes at abrupt discharges
can exceed the characteristic times of the behavior
of electrophysical processes. Therefore we need to
use mathematical models that take into considera-
tion nonequilibrium chemical kinetics and allow for
∗Corresponding author E-mail address: vinniden@mail.ru
ISSN 1562-6016. PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2015, N3(97).
Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations (64), p.159-165.
159
the estimation of formed active radicals. A scien-
tific paper [19] proposes the numerical model that
takes into consideration the nonequilibrium chemi-
cal kinetics with the formation of active particles in
the water exposed to the action of pulsed ultravio-
let radiation created over the liquid surface by the
independent spark discharge. The model [19] allows
for the determination of a change in the concentra-
tion of primary products that are formed in water.
However, the mechanism of a change in physical and
mechanical properties of water and water solutions
at the electrohydraulic discharge differs from that of
spark discharges over the liquid surface. This pre-
vents us from using the known model [19] to study
the processes in the electrohydraulic discharge. Due
to the fact that it is rather difficult to take into con-
sideration the liquid resistance to the dynamics of
the VGPC boundary for the numerical simulation,
the first stage of the research deals with the studies
of the influence the parameters of electrical circuit on
the formation of chemically active radicals in water
vapors.
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL AND
SIMULATION CONDITIONS
For the numerical simulation of the spark discharge
in water vapors we used the mathematical model
that was described in detail in scientific paper [19]
and that takes into consideration the nonequilibrium
chemical kinetics with changed initial simulation con-
ditions. The spark channel expansion process was
described by the following equation system:
∂a⃗
∂t
+
1
r
∂r⃗b
∂r
=
1
r
f⃗ , (1)
Where the column vectors are equal to:
a⃗ =
ρ
ρu
ρε+ ρu2/2
yi
,
b⃗ =
ρu
p+ ρu2
u(ρε+ ρu2/2 + p) + kT dT/dr
uyi
,
f⃗ =
0
p
r(σE2 −Qem)
rω̇i
, (2)
where ρ is the gas density, u is the velocity, p is the
pressure, ε is the gas internal energy per gas mass
unit, kT is the heat conduction coefficient, E is the
electric field intensity in the discharge channel col-
umn, σ is the channel plasma conductivity, Qem is
the discharge energy losses for the radiation including
the ionization and dissociation , r is the radius coor-
dinate, T is the gas temperature, yi is the molar con-
centration of the i-th component (OH, O, H, H2O2,
HO2, H2O); is the rate of change in the concentration
of the i-th component of the mixture due to chemical
reactions. The model assumes that the local ther-
modynamic equilibrium is established in the domain
of the current-carrying channel. The processes that
occur outside the current-carrying channel were cal-
culated using the equations of nonequilibrium chem-
ical kinetics [20]. Electric processes in the discharge
circuit were expressed by the equation
L
di
dt
+ [Rc +Rs(t)]i+
1
C
∫ t
0
idt = U0 , (3)
where L is the equivalent inductance of the dis-
charge circuit, i is a current of the discharge cir-
cuit, Rc is the active resistance of the discharge
circuit, Rs is the resistance of the spark, C is
the electric capacitance of the capacitor, U0 is
the initial voltage of the capacitor charge. The
formation of chemically active radicals was stud-
ied in compliance with chemical reactions (Tab.1).
Table 1. A simplified kinetic circuit of the behavior
of chemical reactions [21] adopted for the model
( M denotes the third particle )
Number Reactions
1 H2O +M ↔ H +OH +M
2 H2O +H ↔ OH +H2
3 H +O2 +O2 ↔ HO2 +O2
4 H +O2 +H2O ↔ HO2 +H2O
5 H +O2 ↔ O +OH
6 H +HO2 ↔ O2 +H2
7 H +HO2 ↔ OH +OH
8 H +H2O2 ↔ HO2 +H2
9 H +O2 +M ↔ HO2 +M
10 OH +OH +M ↔ H2O2 +M
11 OH +HO2 ↔ O2 +H2O
12 OH +H2O2 ↔ HO2 +H2O
13 HO2 +HO2 ↔ O2 +H2O2
14 O +O +M ↔ O2 +M
15 O +H +M ↔ OH +M
16 H +OH ↔ O +H2
17 H +H +M ↔ H2 +M
For the initial conditions in the calculated region
we specified the availability of water vapors with the
following thermodynamic parameters:
p(r)|t=0 = p0 , T (r)|t=0 = T0 , u(r)|t=0 = 0 , (4)
where p0 = 105 Pa, T0 = 473K. The given tem-
perature and pressure provide the condition for the
occupation of the calculated area with water vapors.
The resistance of the discharge circuit was assumed
to be equal to Rc = 0.1Ohm. The influence pro-
duced by the parameters of electric circuit on the
formation of radicals was studied by varying the
value of one of the parameters (C, U0, L). The val-
ues of the parameters are C = {2µF, 4µF, 6µF},
160
U0 = {15 kV, 20 kV, 25 kV }, L{3µH, 5µH, 7µH}.
The length of the discharge gap was assumed to be
equal to l = 5mm. For the boundary conditions it
was assumed that the gradients of thermodynamic
parameters on the discharge channel axis are equal
to zero. The processes of the intensive nucleation
of chemically active radicals occur in the first quar-
ter of the period of oscillatory decaying discharge
[21]. Therefore, the calculated data are given for this
particular period of time. It is known [22] that the
chemical activation region is limited during the dis-
charge by the parameter B = 4l, where l is the length
of the interelectrode gap. Therefore the size of the
calculated region was The equation system of the gas
dynamics (1) was calculated using the S.K.Godunov
scheme [23].
3. MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION DATA
To study the general mechanisms of the change in
the chemical composition of the discharge medium it
is necessary to consider the kinetics of the change of
the mole concentrations of the components along the
radius of the spark channel with the elapse of time
(Figs.1,a-c and Fig.2). Water dissociation into hy-
drogen and oxygen occurs in the spark channel under
the action of high temperature. The concentration
of water vapors increases while moving away from
the discharge channel axis due to the drop in the
medium temperature (see Fig.2). The concentration
peak of water vapors is in the middle of the region
between the discharge channel and the shock wave
front, which is related to the medium compression
process after the shock wave front at the gas dynamic
expansion of the spark channel.
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
Fig.1. The distribution of the mole concentrations of components as a function of the distance along the
radius [ a) — O; b) — H; c) — H2O; d) — OH; e) — HO2; f) — H2O2 ] across the channel section
at a time point of 1...0.1µs, 2...0, 5µs, 3...1µs, 4...2µs, 5...3µs ( the discharge at C = 2µF , U = 25 kV ,
L = 3µH )
Figs.1,a-c show that all chemical components, ex-
cept water are characterized by a decrease in their
maximum concentration values after 0.5µs from the
beginning of the discharge progress. The radicals O
and H are formed not only in the current carrying
channel but also in the region adjacent to the chan-
nel and limited by the shock wave front. An increase
in the number of radicals is caused by nonequilib-
rium chemical reactions. The radicals OH, HO2,
and peroxide H2O2 are formed in the region be-
tween the discharge channel and the shock wave front
(Figs.1,g,d,e). In the region of the current-carrying
channel the concentration of the components OH,
HO2, and peroxide H2O2 is negligibly small (see
Fig.2). Therefore, an increase in the concentration
of the given radicals begins from the moment of the
separation of the shock wave front from the current-
carrying channel, which in terms of calculations cor-
responds to the time range of 0.2...0.5µs. The con-
centration maximum occurs at a distance of 2mm
from the discharge channel axis. As the spark dis-
charge develops the region of OH, HO2, and peroxide
H2O2 formation moves away from the channel axis.
As a result the radical formation space is increased
in proportion to the radius square (of the current po-
sition of the formation region).
The comparative analysis of the distribution of
the mole concentrations of considered active radi-
cals along the radius at a time point of t = 3µs
is given in Fig.2. It has been established that the
O, H and OH components have the highest con-
centration and the concentration of HO2 and H2O2
is several orders lower. This gives the grounds to
suppose that a change in the chemical composition
161
of the medium at the water discharge can mainly be
provided due to the action of the O, H and OH.
m
3/cmmol
Fig.2. The distribution of the mole concentrations
of the components along the radius at a time point of
t = 3µs (for the discharge at C = 2µF , U = 25 kV ,
L = 3µH)
Since the conditions for the progress of chemical
reactions are created between the current-carrying
channel and the shock wave front and the concen-
tration of the OH radical in this region exceeds the
concentration of other components one can state that
the main physical and chemical transformations that
occur at the liquid discharge are related to the for-
mation of the hydroxyl radical OH. The vertically
dotted line shows the regions under consideration.
1 — the discharge channel, 2 – the first half of the
region between the discharge channel and the shock
wave front, 3 — the second half of the region be-
tween the discharge channel and the shock wave
front, 4 – the region in front of the shock wave front.
The calculated concentrations of active radicals at
a time point of t = 3µs are given in Table 3. It
should be noted that the jump in HO2 and H2O2
concentrations is the most intensive and it changes
by 8 to 11 orders accordingly, while the OH con-
centration increases by 4 orders. The concentration
of hydrogen and oxygen is somewhat lower in the
current-carrying channel due to a decrease in den-
sity. However, in the region between the channel and
the shock wave front the radicals O, H and OH have
the highest concentration.
Table 2. The concentration of active components at a time point of 3µs after the initiation of the spark
channel in water vapors
Active Concentration mol/cm3 Concentration mol/cm3, the first half Concentration mol/cm3,
radicals in the discharge channel the region between the discharge the second half of the region
Region N1 channel and the shock wave front between the discharge channel
Region N2 and the shock wave front
Region N3
H 8× 10−6...10−5 10−5...7× 10−7 7× 10−7...0
O 5× 10−6...7× 10−6 7× 10−6...10−7 10−7...0
OH 9× 10−10...4× 10−9 4× 10−9...2× 10−6 2× 10−6...0
HO2 7× 10−15...6× 10−14 6× 10−14...10−8 10−8...0
H2O2 5× 10−19...10−16 10−16...5× 10−9 5× 10−9...0
Figs.3,a,b,c,d gives the results of the studies of the
influence produced by electric circuit parameters on
the formation of the hydroxyl radical OH, and also
on the distribution of thermodynamic parameters
in the spark channel. The subsequent comparative
analysis of the influence of electric circuit parame-
ters was done with regard to the calculation variant:
U0 = 25 kV , C = 2µF , L = 3µH (see Fig.3,a). Cal-
culated data that are given in Fig.3,b were obtained
by changing the voltage U0. To obtain further results
we changed the capacitor capacitance (see Fig.3,c)
and the discharge circuit induction (see Fig.3,d).
Only one circuit parameter was changed: the others
remained unchanged. It has been established that
as the capacitor charge voltage drops from 25 kV to
15 kV , the mean temperature and the pressure in
the region of the progress of nonequilibrium chemical
reactions (between the current-carrying channel and
the shock wave front) reduce by the time point of 3µs
from 3500K to 2500K, and from 1.5MPa to 1MPa,
accordingly. (see Fig. 3 a, b). The concentration of
the radical OH drops from 8mol/cm3 at 25 kV to
5, 8mol/cm3 at 15 kV . A change in the capacitance
from 2µF to 6µF affects the OH formation to a
lesser extent, though the mean values of temperature
and pressure are somewhat increased (see Fig 3 a, b).
The increase in the discharge circuit induction from
3µH to 7µH results in a decrease of the average con-
centration of the hydroxyl radical down to 5mol/cm3
(see Fig.3,a,d). It should be noted that the change
of either electric parameter results in no characteris-
tic region for the formation of active radicals. The
maximum values of the concentration of hydroxyl
radicals are observed in the section that is closer
to the current-carrying channel. It has thus been
established that the formation of chemically active
radicals, in particular the hydroxyl radical OH occurs
in the region between the discharge channel and the
shock wave front and directly depends on the current
and thus the electric parameters of the discharge loop.
162
Pa
m
3/cmmol
Pa
m
3/cmmol
Pa
m
3/cmmol
Pa
m
3/cmmol
Fig.3. The distribution of the mole concentrations
of the hydroxyl radical OH taking into consideration
the changes in temperature and pressure as a func-
tion of a distance along the radius at a time point
t = 3µs. For a)– U = 25 kV , C = 2µF , L = 3µH;
b)– U = 15 kV , C = 2µF , L = 3µH;
c)– U = 25 kV , C = 6µF , L = 3µH; d)–
U = 25 kV , C = 2µF , L = 7µH
Figs.4, 5, 6 show the distribution relationships of the
mole concentrations of the atomic oxygen and the
OH radical as a function of discharge circuit param-
eters. We can see that an increase in the voltage
and battery capacitance results in a change of the
concentrations of both radicals. An increase in the
induction results on the contrary in a decrease in the
formation of the radicals proposed for the considera-
tion.
The experimental papers show that the electric
field intensity affects the formation of active radicals
and the intensity can be controlled in its turn using
electric circuit parameters. The formation of active
radicals intensifies as the intensity increases and the
capacitance factor and the induction factor are opti-
mized. The above Figures show that the realization
of these relationships results in higher concentra-
tions of the OH radical at initial discharge stages
and general increase in the formed substance across
the distance along the discharge channel section.
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
Fig.4. The distribution of the mole concentrations
of the components as a function of a distance along
the radius at a time point of t = 3µs. a) — O, and
b) — OH. For C = 2µF , L = 3µH, 1...15 kV ,
2...20 kV , 3...25 kV
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
Fig.5. The distribution of the mole concentrations
of the components as a function of a distance along
the radius at a time point of t = 3µs: a) — O, and
b) — OH. For U = 25 kV , L = 3µH, 1...2µF ,
2...4µF , 3...6µF
163
m
3/cmmol
m
3/cmmol
Fig.6. The distribution of the mole concentrations
of the components as a function of a distance along
the radius at a time point of t = 3µs. a)— O, and
b)— OH. For C = 2µF , U = 25 kV , 1...3µH,
2...5µH, 3...7µH
4. CONCLUSIONS
The numerical investigation of the influence produced
by the electric parameters of the discharge circuit on
the formation of chemically active radicals OH, O,
H2O2, HO2 at the development of the spark dis-
charge in water vapors has been carried out. It
has been established that by changing the parameter
values of the discharge circuit one can regulate the
amount of the produced substance and control ther-
modynamic parameters. The induction and voltage
affect significantly the values under study. A decrease
in the discharge circuit induction and an increase in
the voltage result in the intensified formation of ac-
tive radicals. A change in the capacitance in the con-
sidered range produces a lower influence. During the
liquid discharge active particles are formed both in
plasma, i.e. in the current channel and in the gas-
vapor phase, i.e. the region between the outer chan-
nel boundary and the shock wave front, which cor-
responds to the internal space of vapor-gas-plasma
cavity. Hydrogen and oxygen are prevalent in the
area adjacent to discharge channel.The most active
formation phase is observed in the region adjacent to
the current channel. Near the internal boundary of
the shock wave front the intensity of the reactions is
decreased and as a consequence the formation of ac-
tive radicals decays. In the region between the cur-
rent channel and the shock wave front we observe
an increase in the concentration of OH, H2O2, HO2
radicals with a simultaneous precocious decrease in O
and H concentrations. Therefore, during the assem-
bly of electrical equipment used for electrochemical
purposes, in particular for the generation of chemi-
cally active particles, or to change pH of the medium
or to intensify the bactericidal effect action on the
pathogenic microflora we recommend to decrease in-
duction factors with a simultaneous increase in U and
C parameters. From the point of view of the practi-
cal application the variant of the change of the charge
voltage to improve radical formation factors will be
the most optimal. It has been established that the hy-
droxyl radical OH and the atomic oxygen that define
the medium acidity prevail in the given time ranges
for studied radicals, which is important for different
practical applications. One can assume that for prac-
tical purposes the formation of chemically active rad-
icals in treated liquid media can be controlled using
the electrohydraulic method, which in its turn can
provide many advantages in comparison with some
chemical methods of treatment,for example, using the
chlorination.
References
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×ÈÑËÅÍÍÎÅ ÈÑÑËÅÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂËÈßÍÈß ÏÀÐÀÌÅÒÐΠÝËÅÊÒÐÈ×ÅÑÊÎÉ
ÖÅÏÈ ÍÀ ÍÀÐÀÁÎÒÊÓ ÕÈÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈ ÀÊÒÈÂÍÛÕ ÐÀÄÈÊÀËΠ ÏÀÐÀÕ
ÂÎÄÛ
Ä.Â.Âèííèêîâ
Ïðîâåäåíî ÷èñëåííîå èññëåäîâàíèå îáðàçîâàíèÿ õèìè÷åñêè àêòèâíûõ ðàäèêàëîâ ïðè ðàçðÿäå â ïàðàõ
âîäû. Äëÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ çíà÷åíèé U , L, C ðàçðÿäíîé öåïè îïðåäåëåíû íàðàáîòêà ðàäèêàëîâ âî âðåìåíè è
èçìåíåíèå òåðìîäèíàìè÷åñêèõ ïàðàìåòðîâ ðàçðÿäà. Ðàññìîòðåíû äâå îáëàñòè îáðàçîâàíèÿ ðàäèêàëîâ: êàíàë
ðàçðÿäà, îáëàñòü ìåæäó êàíàëîì ðàçðÿäà è ôðîíòîì óäàðíîé âîëíû. Ðàññìàòðèâàëèñü õèìè÷åñêèå êîìïîíåíòû:
OH, O, H, H2O2, HO2, H2O.
×ÈÑÅËÜÍÅ ÄÎÑËIÄÆÅÍÍß ÂÏËÈÂÓ ÏÀÐÀÌÅÒÐI ÅËÅÊÒÐÈ×ÍÎÃÎ ÊÎËÀ ÍÀ
ÍÀÏÐÀÖÞÂÀÍÍß ÕIÌI×ÍÎ ÀÊÒÈÂÍÈÕ ÐÀÄÈÊÀËIÂ Ó ÏÀÐÀÕ ÂÎÄÈ
Ä.Â.Âiííiêîâ
Ïðîâåäåíî ÷èñåëüíå äîñëiäæåííÿ óòâîðåííÿ õiìi÷íî àêòèâíèõ ðàäèêàëiâ ïðè ðîçðÿäi â ïàðàõ âîäè. Äëÿ ðiçíèõ
çíà÷åíü U , L, C ðîçðÿäíîãî êîëà âèçíà÷åíî íàïðàöþâàííÿ ðàäèêàëiâ ó ÷àñi òà çìiíà òåðìîäèíàìi÷íèõ ïàðà-
ìåòðiâ ðîçðÿäó. Ðîçãëÿíóòi äâi îáëàñòi óòâîðåííÿ ðàäèêàëiâ: êàíàë ðîçðÿäó, îáëàñòü ìiæ êàíàëîì ðîçðÿäó i
ôðîíòîì óäàðíî¨ õâèëi. Ðîçãëÿäàëèñÿ õiìi÷íi êîìïîíåíòè: OH, O, H, H2O2, HO2, H2O.
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