Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor
Technical description of the high-speed pulsed injector of working substance with a radial gas supply for magnetoplasma compressor is given. The results of studies on the main gas-dynamic and electrotechnical characteristics of the gas injector are presented. Наведено технічний опис швидкодіючого ім...
Збережено в:
| Опубліковано в: : | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 2015 |
| Автор: | |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
| Опубліковано: |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2015
|
| Теми: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112142 |
| Теги: |
Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor / V.V. Staltsov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 4. — С. 140-143. — Бібліогр.: 17 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859916331327946752 |
|---|---|
| author | Staltsov, V.V. |
| author_facet | Staltsov, V.V. |
| citation_txt | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor / V.V. Staltsov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 4. — С. 140-143. — Бібліогр.: 17 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | Technical description of the high-speed pulsed injector of working substance with a radial gas supply for magnetoplasma compressor is given. The results of studies on the main gas-dynamic and electrotechnical characteristics of the gas injector are presented.
Наведено технічний опис швидкодіючого імпульсного інжектора робочої речовини з радіальним поданням газу для магнітоплазмового компресора. Наведено результати досліджень основних газодинамічних та електротехнічних характеристик газового інжектора.
Приведено техническое описание быстродействующего импульсного инжектора рабочего вещества с радиальной подачей газа для магнитоплазменного компрессора. Приведены результаты исследований основных газодинамических и электротехнических характеристик газового инжектора.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:05:39Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 140
PULSED INJECTOR OF THE WORKING SUBSTANCE
FOR MAGNETOPLASMA COMPRESSOR
V.V. Staltsov
National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkov, Ukraine
Technical description of the high-speed pulsed injector of working substance with a radial gas supply for magne-
toplasma compressor is given. The results of studies on the main gas-dynamic and electrotechnical characteristics of
the gas injector are presented.
PACS: 47.80.+v; 51.35.+a; 52.50.D
INTRODUCTION
Today plasmodynamic systems of acceleration and
compression type are widely used in various fields of
science and technology [1 - 4]. Plasma technologies are
the basis of many processes for the treatment and hard-
ening of the surface of various materials, coating depo-
sition, welding of different materials, deposition of ul-
trathin films on the surface of the parts, simulation of
thermonuclear processes [5 - 12]. Plasmodynamic com-
pression-type systems are considered as promising
sources of ultraviolet and x-ray radiation, which are
used for laser pumping, in lithography, for sterilization
of medical equipment etc. [13 - 15]. The plasmaforming
substance injectors which are used for injection of
working gas to the discharge gap of the plasmadynamic
system play the main role in the formation of plasma
flows with the specified energy parameters [16, 17]. For
generation and study of high-voltage compression plas-
ma flows, the magnetoplasma compressor (MPC) of
compact geometry was developed, masnufactured and
tested. MPC allows working using plasma-forming gas-
es of different masses and their mixtures. For the dense
magnetized plasma source, the pulsed injector of MPC
working substance was developed in versions with radi-
al and axial overlap of the working gas. The MPC
pulsed gas injector is used for the supply of working gas
to the MPC discharge gap for its subsequent ionization
and generation of high-density plasma [14 - 17].
DESIGN OF THE PULSED INJECTOR
FOR THE MPC WORKING FLUID
The MPC pulsed injector for the working substance
with radial overlap, including cut-away view, is pre-
sented in Fig. 1. The assembly drawing of the MPC
pulsed injector for the working substance is presented in
Fig. 2.
During the development of the valve assembly for
the MPC working substance, the mechanism of electro-
dynamic type was considered as basic. The principle of
operation of this mechanism is based on the interaction
of time-varying electromagnetic field coil with vortex
currents induced by this field in a conductive plate. The
MPC working substance injector is built-in, i.e. the in-
dividual parts of the injector are conductive elements of
the plasma source axial electrode.
The gas injector enclosure is the tip of the axial elec-
trode 1 (see Fig. 2). The injector locking sleeve 2 is lo-
cated in the inner groove of the axial electrode 1. The
locking sleeve 2 is welded to the tube of the rod 3. The
opposite end of the rod tube 3 is welded to the threaded
shank 4.
Fig. 1. The MPC pulsed injector for the working sub-
stance with radial overlap injector pulse of the working
substance of the IPC in the version with radial overlap
Fig. 2. The assembly drawing of the MPC pulsed
injector for the working substance
The sealing lip of the sleeve 2 is based on the seat 5.
The outer cylindrical surface of the locking sleeve 2 is
sealed by the seal assembly 6. The valve assembly of
the injector is driven by the electromagnetic coil 7. The
coil 7 has influence on the locking sleeve 2 via the anvil
8 and rod 3, 4. Retraction of the locking sleeve 2 is car-
ried out by the damping unit 9. The unit 9 includes a
LOCAL B
LOCAL D
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 141
compression spring and locking sleeves. The threaded
bush 10 is used for adjustment of the spring 9 compres-
sive force. To hermetically seal the outer surface of the
pipe for the shaft 3 in the holder 11, a vacuum input
section 12 was made. The input section 12 allows axial
displacement of the rod and retention of the tightness at
the moment of injector operation.
The pulsed injector of the MPC working substance
operates as follows. The working gas is supplied to the
cavity A through the gas supply tube 13. After this, gas
is supplied to the booster cavity C of the locking ele-
ment 2. The working gas is accumulated in the cavity
before injection to the discharge gap of MPC. Initially,
the return spring of the damping unit 9 presses the gas
rod and, correspondingly, the sealing belt of the locking
sleeve 2 to the seat 5 and cuts the booster cavity from
the gas supply channels D.
In the known gas injectors, the locking element, ex-
cept for the force of pressing by the return unit, is usual-
ly pressed to the seat by the gas pressure in the booster
gas cavity. Depending on the area of the locking ele-
ment, this additional pressing force can be quite signifi-
cant. That is, as the gas pressure in the booster gas cavi-
ty is increased for opening the locking element, the cur-
rent rate should be increased for the winding of the elec-
tromagnetic coil. This results in loading of the coil ele-
ments with additional electrodynamic forces and reduc-
es its lifespan. Witching this embodyment, the locking
sleeve 2 is not influence by the gas pressure. At the bot-
tom of the locking sleeve 2 there are the holes through
which the gas from the sleeve cavity C is supplied to the
inner cavity E. The same gas pressure in the cavities C
and E balances the force of gas pressure for the movable
elements of the system. Such technical approach to the
design of the locking unit allows working with the gas
pressure in the gas cavity up to 30 atm. This factor al-
lows obtaining high-speed gas flow in the process of
working gas injection to the acceleration channel of the
plasmodynamic device and obtaining of the "sharp"
front edge of the gas pulse.
The working gas is injected as follows. After supply-
ing the driving pulse to the winding of the coil 7, the
time varying electromagnetic field of the coil induces
vortex currents in the anvil 8. The anvil 8 is screwed
onto the threaded shank of the rod 4. The interaction of
the electromagnetic field of the coil 7 with the vortex
currents formed by this field in the anvil 8 results in
displacement of the anvil 8 from the working surface of
the coil 7. The rod with the locking sleeve 2 is displaced
together with the anvil 8. The working working gas
from the cavity C is supplied to the inlet channels D and
further to the discharge gap of the magnetoplasma com-
pressor. It should be noted that due to such an embodi-
ment of the locking unit and the gas injector inlet chan-
nels, radial injection of the working gas is carried out,
i.e. the flow of the injected gas is directed perpendicular
to the axis of the plasma source directly into the zone of
ionization. After termination of the control pulse in the
winding of the coil 7, the locking sleeve 2 is returned to
the initial position under the influence of elastic force of
the damping unit 9.
GASDYNAMIC AND ELECTROTECHNICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WORKING
SUBSTANCE INJECTOR OF THE MPC
DURING OPERATION USING NITROGEN
Experimental studies of the pulsed injector for the
working substance of MPC were aimed at determining
the total amount of the gas supplied by the system, gas
pulse shape and its duration, maximum value of the gas
pressure in the flow, and determining the electrotech-
nical parameters of the current loop for the electromag-
netic coil. The parameters of the gas pulse in time and
its duration under different initial conditions, its config-
uration, dynamics of the gas pressure in time, maximum
value of the gas pressure in the flow were studied using
the piezoelectric pressure sensor. The pressure sensor
was placed through the vacuum input of the vacuum
chamber diagnostic window. In most measurements, the
pressure sensor was placed at the distance of 2 cm from
the outlet of the inlet channel. Calibration of the pres-
sure sensor and measuring circuit showed sensitivity of
0.2 atm/V. The magnitude of the current in the winding
of the control electromagnetic coil was measured using
the Rogowski coil.
In this section, the results of research on the opera-
tion modes of the pulsed injector for the working sub-
stance of MPC using nitrogen as the working gas at dif-
ferent values of gas pressure in the booster cavity and at
the variation of current and voltage values on the con-
trol coil are presented. Fig. 3 shows typical waveforms
obtained from the piezoelectric pressure sensor 1 and
current values 2 c of the injector electromagnetic coil
winding at the voltage of the control pulse on the coil
terminals of 2 kV, nitrogen pressure in the booster cavi-
ty of the MPC gas injector of 25 atm.
Fig. 3. Waveforms obtained from the piezoelectric pres-
sure sensor 1 and current values 2 c of the injector elec-
tromagnetic coil winding at the voltage of the control
pulse on the coil terminals of 2 kV, nitrogen pressure in
the booster cavity of the MPC gas injector of 25 atm
From the analysis of the waveform it follows that the
first half period of the current in the winding of the con-
trol electromagnetic coil (during which the gas injector
locking sleeve is opened) is 240 μs. When applying the
voltage of 2 kV to the coil, the maximum current in the
winding of the electromagnetic coil was 11.9 kA. The
injector power supply system is designed in such a way
that the discharge current in the winding of the coil was
0.02atm 1
200 μs
2 6.6 kA
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 142
a oscillatory-damped with a large damping decrement.
The waveform of the current pulse shows that the am-
plitude of the current in the coil winding in the second
half period is only about 20% of the current amplitude
in the first half period and does not significantly affect
the operation of the locking unit.
The gas front at the outlet of the gas supply channels
is recorded in about 220 μs after initiation of the current
pulse in the coil winding. The gas pressure reaches the
maximum value of 0.03…0.035 atm in 420 μs after ini-
tiation of the current pulse and for the period of about
400 μs is not significantly changed. During this period
of time, high voltage should be supplied to the elec-
trodes of MPC for ignition of the main discharge and
plasma formation. After 800 μs the gas pressure starts to
decrease and after 1300 μs the pressure curve crosses
the zero line (negative values of the piezoelectric pres-
sure sensor correspond to the signal reflected from the
rare wall of the sensor enclosure). Integral overlap of
nitrogen per pulse was 25 cm3 (at the atmospheric pres-
sure) at the total duration of the gas pulse of 1300 μs.
Fig. 4. Waveforms obtained from the piezoelectric pres-
sure sensor 1 and current values of the electromagnetic
coil winding 2 at the voltage of the control pulse on the
coil of 2.5 kV, nitrogen pressure in the booster cavity
of the MPC gas injector of 30 atm
For comparison, Fig. 4 shows the similar waveform
for the voltage at the terminals of 2.5 kV coil and the
nitrogen pressure in the booster cavity of 30 atm. From
the analysis of the above waveforms, it can be conclud-
ed that the change of the voltage across the terminals of
the electromagnetic coil and the magnitude of the initial
nitrogen pressure in the booster cavity significantly af-
fects the electrotechnical and gas-dynamic characteris-
tics of the MPC gas injector. Thus, as the voltage in-
creases up to 2.5 kV and the initial pressure increases up
to 30 atm, the maximum amplitude of the current in the
coil winding was 13.2 kA (in comparison with the pre-
vious operation mode, it increased by 11%). The gas
pressure in the measurement zone reaches the maximum
value of 0.075 atm in 700 μs (increased by more than 2
times). Thus, the optimum values of the delay between
the supply of the current pulse to the injector coil wind-
ing and initiation of the discharge in the MPC channel
are displaced in this case towards later time in compari-
son with the previous mode. After 700 μs, the gas pres-
sure starts decreasing. The integral supply of nitrogen
was 56 cm3 (at the atmospheric pressure) (the increase
by more than 2 times) at the total duration of supply of
1450 μs (the increase by about 150 μs).
Fig. 5 shows the dependence of the integral supply
of nitrogen on the voltage value for the capacitor bank
of the power supply system for the control coil of the
MPC injector for different values of nitrogen pressure in
the booster cavity of the gas injector changed within the
range of 15…30 atm. Analysis of the presented above
dependencies allows to make the conclusion that the gas
injector is universal and allows varying the supply of the
work gas in a wide range depending on the specific op-
eration mode of the plasmodynamic system from 2 cm3
(at the atmospheric pressure) to 70 cm3.
Fig. 5. Dependence of the integral supply of nitrogen
on the voltage value at the MPC injector coil terminals
for different values of nitrogen pressure
in the booster cavity
The presented experimental dependences allow se-
lecting the optimal operation modes of MPC. In particu-
lar, it is important to select the moment for initiation of
the main discharge, start of working gas ionization in the
acceleration channel and coordination of the gas injec-
tion systems and the main discharge. Variation of the
gas supply values, pressure in the gas flow, values for
initial gas pressure in the booster cavity in a wide range
is the effective method of such optimization.
CONCLUSIONS
The pulsed injector for the plasma-forming sub-
stance of the magnetoplasma compressor with electro-
dynamic coil of the locking unit and with radial supply
of the working gas to the ionization zone was developed,
manufactured and studied. A new technical solution for
formation of the compact gas pulse due to the relief of
the injector locking unit from the gas pressure was pro-
posed. This allows variation of the initial working gas
pressure in the booster cavity within a wide range
(1…30 atm). The change the value of the gas pressure in
the booster cavity of the presented embodiment of the
gas injector is an effective way of adjustment of the in-
tegral working gas supply, gas pulse configuration and
pressure gradient in the gas flow. The results of experi-
mental research have shown large capabilities of the
injector by the injected gas volume − from 1 to 70 cm3
(at the atmospheric pressure) per pulse. A wide range of
the gas-dynamic parameters allows using the device as
the injector of the plasma-forming substance for the
plasmodynamic systems both of compression and accel-
0.02 atm 1
6.6 kA
200 μs
2
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 143
eration type at the duration of plasma generation from
10 to 500 μs.
Relief of the injector locking unit from the gas pres-
sure allows significant reduction of the dynamic forces
which appear in the unit during its operation. This factor
allowed the increase of operating life, efficiency and
reliability of the working substance injector, that previ-
ously limited the use of such injectors in such high-
speed plasmodynamic systems as magnetoplasma com-
pressor.
REFERENCES
1. V.I. Tereshin et al. Using the powerful quasi-
stationary plasma accelerators for simulation of ex-
treme plasma loads in a fusion reactor // Encyclope-
dia of low-temperature plasma. 2007, v. 9, p. 392-
436.
2. I.E. Garkusha et al. The latest results from ELM-
simulation experiments in plasma accelerators //
Physica Scripta. 2009, v. 139, p. 014054.
3. I. Garkusha et al. Simulation of tungsten armour
cracking due to small ELMs in ITER // Fusion Engi-
neering and Design. 2010, v. 85, p. 1697-1701.
4. V.A. Makhlaj et al. Dust generation mechanisms
under powerful plasma impacts to the tungsten sur-
faces in ITER ELM simulation experiments // Jour-
nal of Nuclear Materials. 2013.
5. V.I. Tereshin et al. // Vacuum. 2004, v. 73(3-4),
p. 5556-560.
6. V.I. Tereshin et al. // Rev. Sci. Instr. 2002, v. 53(2),
p. 831.
7. I.E. Garkusha et al. // Vacuum. 2000, v. 58 (2),
p. 195-201.
8. J. Langner et al. // Surf. Coat. Techn. 2000, v. 128-
129, p. 105-111.
9. V.V. Chebotarev et al. // Journal of Nuclear Materi-
als. 1996, v. 233-237, p. 736-740.
10. I.E. Garkusha et al. // Journal of Nuclear Materials.
2011, v. 415 (1), p. S65-S69.
11. I.E. Garkusha et al. // Phys. Scr. 2009, v. T138,
p. 14054.
12. I.S. Landman et al. // Phys. Scr. 2004, v. T111,
p. 206-212.
13. V.I. Tereshin et al. // Brazilian Jour. of Phys. 2002,
v. 32 (1), p. 165-171.
14. A.K. Marchenko et al. Formation of the compression
zone in the magnetoplasma compressor operating on
heavy gases // Problems of Atomic Science and
Technology. 2010, № 6, p. 94-96.
15. I.E. Garkusha et al. Characteristics of the discharge
and dynamics of the compression plasma flows gen-
erated by MPC of compact geometry // Plasma
Physics Reports. November 2011, v. 37, № 11,
p. 1015-1022.
16. I.E. Garkusha et al. Investigation of pinching dis-
charges in MPC device operating with nitrogen and
xenon gases // Czechoslovak Journal of Physics.
2006, v. 56, № 2, p. B335-B341.
17. V.V. Staltsov et al. High-speed gas injector for pow-
erful plasmadynamic systems // Problems Atomic
Science and Technology. Series “Plasma Physics”.
2015, № 1 (95), p. 118-121.
Article received 08.06.2015
ИМПУЛЬСНЫЙ ИНЖЕКТОР РАБОЧЕГО ВЕЩЕСТВА ДЛЯ МАГНИТОПЛАЗМЕННОГО
КОМПРЕССОРА
В.В. Стальцов
Приведено техническое описание быстродействующего импульсного инжектора рабочего вещества с ра-
диальной подачей газа для магнитоплазменного компрессора. Приведены результаты исследований основ-
ных газодинамических и электротехнических характеристик газового инжектора.
ІМПУЛЬСНИЙ ІНЖЕКТОР РОБОЧОЇ РЕЧОВИНИ ДЛЯ МАГНІТОПЛАЗМОВОГО КОМПРЕСОРА
В.В. Стальцов
Наведено технічний опис швидкодіючого імпульсного інжектора робочої речовини з радіальним подан-
ням газу для магнітоплазмового компресора. Наведено результати досліджень основних газодинамічних та
електротехнічних характеристик газового інжектора.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-112142 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:05:39Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Staltsov, V.V. 2017-01-17T18:24:40Z 2017-01-17T18:24:40Z 2015 Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor / V.V. Staltsov // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 4. — С. 140-143. — Бібліогр.: 17 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 47.80.+v; 51.35.+a; 52.50.D https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112142 Technical description of the high-speed pulsed injector of working substance with a radial gas supply for magnetoplasma compressor is given. The results of studies on the main gas-dynamic and electrotechnical characteristics of the gas injector are presented. Наведено технічний опис швидкодіючого імпульсного інжектора робочої речовини з радіальним поданням газу для магнітоплазмового компресора. Наведено результати досліджень основних газодинамічних та електротехнічних характеристик газового інжектора. Приведено техническое описание быстродействующего импульсного инжектора рабочего вещества с радиальной подачей газа для магнитоплазменного компрессора. Приведены результаты исследований основных газодинамических и электротехнических характеристик газового инжектора. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Термоядерный синтез (коллективные процессы) Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor Імпульсний інжектор робочої речовини для магнітоплазмового компресора Импульсный инжектор рабочего вещества для магнитоплазменного компрессора Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor Staltsov, V.V. Термоядерный синтез (коллективные процессы) |
| title | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor |
| title_alt | Імпульсний інжектор робочої речовини для магнітоплазмового компресора Импульсный инжектор рабочего вещества для магнитоплазменного компрессора |
| title_full | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor |
| title_fullStr | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor |
| title_short | Pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor |
| title_sort | pulsed injector of the working substance for magnetoplasma compressor |
| topic | Термоядерный синтез (коллективные процессы) |
| topic_facet | Термоядерный синтез (коллективные процессы) |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112142 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT staltsovvv pulsedinjectoroftheworkingsubstanceformagnetoplasmacompressor AT staltsovvv ímpulʹsniiínžektorrobočoírečovinidlâmagnítoplazmovogokompresora AT staltsovvv impulʹsnyiinžektorrabočegoveŝestvadlâmagnitoplazmennogokompressora |