Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities
The results of experimental investigations of the spectral distribution of radiation of hydrogen - oxygen plasma pulsed discharges in water in a minimum difference of radiation from the blackbody radiation (BBR) are given. The pressure in the plasma channel was changed from 5000 to 80 atm, the brigh...
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2015
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| Cite this: | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities / O.A. Fedorovich, L.M. Voitenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 4. — С. 189-193. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859943809385758720 |
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| author | Fedorovich, O.A. Voitenko, L.M. |
| author_facet | Fedorovich, O.A. Voitenko, L.M. |
| citation_txt | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities / O.A. Fedorovich, L.M. Voitenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 4. — С. 189-193. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. |
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| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The results of experimental investigations of the spectral distribution of radiation of hydrogen - oxygen plasma pulsed discharges in water in a minimum difference of radiation from the blackbody radiation (BBR) are given. The pressure in the plasma channel was changed from 5000 to 80 atm, the brightness temperature of 24·10³ to 7·10³ K. The difference in brightness temperatures of the violet and the red area does not exceed ± 2000 K of the average temperature. With the relaxation of plasma electron density decreased from 2·10²⁰ to 10¹⁷ cm⁻³. It is shown that at high concentrations of electron spectral distribution of the radiation in the spectral range of the Balmer series differs little from the blackbody radiation is not observed and none of the hydrogen Balmer line. This indicates "non-realization" even the top level line Hα. (656.2 nm, with excitation energy of the upper level of 12.09 eV). As the relaxation of the plasma to be consistent line Нα, Нβ, Нγ. There is a redistribution of the broadening of the hydrogen lines of the Bal-mer series. At Ne ≤ 10¹⁷ сm⁻³ hydrogen emission spectrum coincides with the traditional.
Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень спектральних розподілів випромінювання воднево-кисневої плазми імпульсних розрядів у воді (ІРВ) в умовах мінімальної відмінності випромінювання від випромінювання абсолютно чорного тіла (АЧТ). Тиск у плазмовому каналі змінювався від 5 тис. атмосфер до 80 атмосфер, яскравістна температура – від 24·10³ до 7·10³ К. Різниця яскравісних температур у фіолетовій і червоній областях не перевищувала ± 2000 К від середньої температури. При релаксації плазми концентрація електронів зменшувалася від 2·10²⁰ до 10¹⁷ см⁻³. Показано, що при високих концентраціях електронів спектральний розподіл випромінювання в діапазоні спектра серії Бальмера мало відрізняється від випромінювання АЧТ і не спостерігається ні одна лінія водню серії Бальмера Hα. Це свідчить про «нереалізацію» навіть самого верхнього рівня лінії Нα (656,2 нм, з енергією збудження верхнього рівня 12,09 еВ). По мірі релаксації плазми проявляються послідовно лінії Нα, Нβ, Нγ. Спостерігається перерозподіл розширення ліній водню серії Бальмера. При Ne ≤ 10¹⁷ см⁻³ спектр випромінювання водню збігається з традиційним.
Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований спектральных распределений излучения водородно-кислородной плазмы импульсных разрядов в воде (ИРВ) в условиях минимального отличия этого излучения от излучения абсолютно черного тела (АЧТ). Давление в плазменном канале менялось от 5 тыс. атмосфер до 80 атмосфер, яркостная температура от 24·10³ до 7·10³ К. Различие яркостных температур в фиолетовой и красной областях не превышало ± 2000 К от средней температуры. При релаксации плазмы концентрация электронов уменьшалась от 2·10²⁰ до 10¹⁷ см⁻³. Показано, что при высоких концентрациях электронов спектральное распределение излучения в диапазоне спектра серии Бальмера мало отличается от излучения АЧТ и не наблюдается ни одна линия водорода серии Бальмера. Это свидетельствует о «нереализации» даже самого верхнего уровня линии Нα (656,2 нм, с энергией возбуждения верхнего уровня 12,09 эВ). По мере релаксации плазмы проявляются последовательно линии Нα, Нβ, Нγ. Наблюдается перераспределение уширения линий водорода серии Бальмера. При Ne ≤ 10¹⁷ см⁻³ спектр излучения водорода совпадает с традиционным спектром.
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ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 189
DYNAMICS OF THE EMISSION SPECTRUM OF THE HYDROGEN-
OXYGEN PLASMA OF PULSED DISCHARGE IN WATER IN THE
RANGE OF THE BALMER SERIES WITH A MINIMUM OF IMPURITIES
O.A. Fedorovich, L.M. Voitenko
Institute for Nuclear Research NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
E-mail: oafedorovich@kinr.kiev.ua
The results of experimental investigations of the spectral distribution of radiation of hydrogen - oxygen plasma
pulsed discharges in water in a minimum difference of radiation from the blackbody radiation (BBR) are given. The
pressure in the plasma channel was changed from 5000 to 80 atm, the brightness temperature of 24⋅103 to 7⋅103 K. The
difference in brightness temperatures of the violet and the red area does not exceed ± 2000 K of the average temper-
ature. With the relaxation of plasma electron density decreased from 2⋅1020 to 1017 cm-3. It is shown that at high con-
centrations of electron spectral distribution of the radiation in the spectral range of the Balmer series differs little
from the blackbody radiation is not observed and none of the hydrogen Balmer line. This indicates "non-realization"
even the top level line Hα. (656.2 nm, with excitation energy of the upper level of 12.09 eV). As the relaxation of the
plasma to be consistent line Нα, Нβ, Нγ. There is a redistribution of the broadening of the hydrogen lines of the Bal-
mer series. At Ne ≤ 1017 сm-3 hydrogen emission spectrum coincides with the traditional.
PACS: 52.80.-s. 52.20. Dq
INTRODUCTION
Optical radiation nonideal plasma is practically the
only source of information on plasma parameters, the
structure of the plasma channel, the mean free path of
photons, radiant thermal conductivity, line broadening
in a plasma, "optical reduction of the ionization poten-
tial", reducing the oscillator strengths, "non-realization"
of individual, high-lying levels, and so on [1]. The study
of the spectral distribution of radiation is necessary for
the calculation of the energy and the particles balance in
the channel of a pulsed discharge in water, revealing the
influence of non-ideal effects on the emission spectra of
hydrogen-oxygen plasma, the development and testing
of the methods for measuring the basic plasma parame-
ters and to identify the range of applicability of these
methods depending on the electrons concentration in the
plasma. The hydrogen-oxygen plasma produced in a
pulsed discharge in water (PDW) on 2/3 is composed of
atoms and ions of hydrogen. It is one of the significant
advantages in the study of such plasma to determine the
effects of nonideality influence on the emission spectra
and their dependence on the electron concentration and
temperature.
The spectrum hydrogen is the simplest for theoreti-
cal description as a hydrogen atom consists of a single
electron and proton. But the published data on the hy-
drogen spectra at high electron densities are insufficient
and they often contradictory (see in particular [2 - 8]).
This is due to the fact that these data have been obtained
at essentially different research facilities parameters,
different methods of nonideal plasma obtaining and
different initial conditions. Theoretical estimates of the
non-ideal properties of the plasma are given in (see in
particular [1, 10, 12]).
This paper presents the results of experimental in-
vestigations of the spectral distribution of radiation of
hydrogen-oxygen plasma, and the evolution of the emis-
sion spectra at the stage of relaxation, depending on the
temperature and on the optical thickness reducing. Also,
presents the results of testing of different methods to
determine the main parameters of the plasma.
One technique for obtaining spectral scans over time
and the dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hy-
drogen-oxygen plasma in the PDW, in the Hα, Hβ lines
region, was considered in [6, 13]. A second technique
for obtaining spectra scans in time and space, as well as
calibration of the film in intensity from source EV-45
[14] is given in [15].
Previously, it was noted that in the initial stage of
the discharge emission of the hydrogen-oxygen plasma
essentially differs from the black body (BB) radiation
[3]. The violet region of the spectrum there was a signif-
icant exceeding of brightness temperature Tb measured
in the red region of the spectrum. The degree of differ-
ence from the BB radiation increases with the rate of
energy input into the plasma channel.
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION
For studies was selected the discharge mode in
which there is the smallest deviation of the radiation
from the BB radiation.
The emission spectrum of the investigated plasma
in the initial stage of discharge is continuous, and the
intensity changes are little over time. With the expan-
sion of the plasma channel, and with the decrease in its
electrons concentration and pressure, a continuous spec-
trum of radiation is transformed into a line spectrum,
and the duration of the last essentially depends on the
energy input into the channel [15].
This reduces the optical thickness of the plasma and
plasma becomes optically transparent [16, 17].
Let us consider in more detail the dynamics of the
spectrum in the Balmer lines Hα, Hβ, Hγ in near and-
threshold region for one discharge regime and estimate
influence on the spectrum of non-ideal effects. Figs. 1-8
shows the spectral radiation distribution of the hydro-
gen-oxygen plasma at different times, as the relaxation
of the plasma. To do this, select the category with a
minimal amount of metal impurities (emission spectrum
which often leads to the inability to obtain lines of hy-
drogen [15]).
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 190
Fig. 1. The intensity of the radiation I = f (λ) hydrogen-
oxygen plasma in the Balmer series. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t = (9 ± 2) µs
To eliminate the influence of impurities of metal va-
pors coming from the electrodes [15] we chosen for study
the spectrum of the discharge with electrode gap length
100 mm and investigated the middle of the channel.
Fig. 2. The dependence of the radiation intensity
I = f (λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t = (12 ± 2) µs
As follows from Fig. 1 the emission spectrum of the
hydrogen-oxygen plasma at an initial stage of the dis-
charge (9 ± 2) microseconds) differs little from the
blackbody radiation at a temperature (20 ± 1)⋅103 K. In
near and-threshold region, as well as in the area of the
most intense spectral Hα lines of hydrogen Balmer series
no singularities of the spectrum is observed.
The plasma pressure, calculated by the hydrodynam-
ic characteristics of the channel and model of quasi-
incompressible fluid is ~ 2⋅103 at, and the electron den-
sity is less than Ne ~ 5⋅1019 сm-3 at a concentration of
atoms Na ~ 5⋅1020 сm-3 [18].
In the wall region of the plasma channel is always a
colder region. The degree of ionization of the plasma in
the colder region not exceeding 10%, and at this tem-
perature there is always excited hydrogen atoms. In this
case, inevitably had be observed in the absorption lines
of hydrogen Hα (λ = 656.2 nm). However, as shown in
Fig. 1, this does not occur, which indicates the manifes-
tation of the effect of "non-realization" of the upper
level of the most intense line of the Balmer series.
Over time, as the pressure reduction in the emission
intensity at the spectrum-threshold and begins to rise
somewhat, while in other areas it is somewhat reduced
(Fig. 2), (t = (12 ± 2) µs). To detect absorption in the Hα
line also fails. At the time (t = (22 ± 2) µs) is already
clearly seen in the absorption line Hα (Fig. 3).
Fig. 3. The dependence of the radiation intensity
I = f (λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t =(22 ± 2) µs
In the wall region of the plasma channel is always a
colder region. The degree of ionization of the plasma in
the colder region not exceeding 10%, and at this tem-
perature there is always excited hydrogen atoms. In this
case, inevitably had be observed in the absorption lines
of hydrogen Hα (λ = 656.2 nm). However, as shown in
Fig. 1, this does not occur, which indicates the manifes-
tation of the effect of "non-realization" of the upper
level of the most intense line of the Balmer series.
Over time, as the pressure reduction in the emission
intensity at the spectrum-threshold and begins to rise
somewhat, while in other areas it is somewhat reduced
(see Fig. 2), (t = (12 ± 2) µs). To detect absorption in
the Hα line also fails.
At the time (t = (22 ± 2) µs) is already clearly seen in
the absorption line Hα (see Fig. 3). The intensity of the
emission spectrum in the supercritical region corresponds
to (22 ± 2)⋅103 К. If at the same time to measure the tem-
perature in the center of the reabsorb line Hα it is
~14.5⋅103 К. The pressure in the plasma channel at the
same time about ~ 300 at and Ne ~ 3
⋅
cm-3 (γ ~ 0.27). Under these conditions, Hβ line is not yet observed. chan-nel in the wall region. In the supercritical region while there is a small rise in intensity. The brightness tempera-ture Tb = 20⋅103 К (Wing line Hα Тя=17⋅103 К). Hγ line under these conditions has not yet been shown (Fig. 4). The plasma in this case is still optically opaque. Fig. 4 shows the emission spectrum of the hydrogen-oxygen plasma at a pressure of about 150 at and a tem-perature of 20⋅103 К (t = (48 ± 2) µs). Under these con-ditions, Ne ~
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 191
ing of lines which are at a higher power level in com-
parison with the calculated.
Fig. 4. The dependence of the radiation intensity
I = f (λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t = (48 ± 2) µs
These results indicate an inaccuracy of theoretical
calculations of line broadening at high values of the
micro-fields [15], in spite of the Debye screening ac-
counting for the electron and ion components and the
line broadening at high concentrations.
Fig. 5. The dependence of the radiation intensity
I = f (λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. tungsten, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t =(57 ± 2) µs
As already noted, the pressure drop as the optical
thickness and temperature of the plasma decreases and
continuous emission spectrum is transformed into a line
spectrum. Fig. 5 shows the emission spectrum of the
hydrogen-oxygen plasma, when the lines Hα, Hβ, Hγ
become prominent in a continuous spectrum of radia-
tion. The optical thickness in the distant wing of the line
Hα, is reduced to τ = 1.5…2 [13, 17].
Note that the values of τ, obtained by the method of
plasma transillumination under PRW give overestimat-
ed 5…8 times values. This is due to the passage of the
rays through the plasma. Plasma is in the water with a
refractive index n = 1.34, while for n = 1 the plasma
[20]. This cylindrical plasma channel works as a cylin-
drical lens.
Given that the boundary of the channel are not al-
ways strictly cylindricity due to instabilities of the
plasma channel is correctly taken into account in deter-
mining the curvature of the intensity of the transmitted
beam is not possible.
Fig. 6. The dependence of the radiation intensity
I = f (λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t = (64 ± 2) µs
Because of this value of τ, obtained by the method
transillumination essentially overestimated and they can
not be used, although plasma is possible to enlighten in
the later stages the discharge.
In violet part of the continuous spectrum of the value
of τ should be even smaller. The parameters of the plas-
ma channel, defined by several independent methods are:
P = 120 bar, Ne = 1019 cm-3, T = 17·103 K. At the same
time temperature as determined by the intensity at the
maximum reabsorbs line Hα [13] and in the threshold of
the Balmer series of the spectrum are the same. The
temperature obtained by I for the line Hβ somewhat
higher.
A characteristic feature of the emission spectrum is
the fact that the half-width of the line Hα more than Hβ
and Hγ, although according to the theory of line broad-
ening [15] should be the opposite. The same effect is
observed upon further reduction of P and T (Fig. 6).
Here the half-width of the line Hα, Hβ is 150, 140 A, Hγ
65 A. The optical thickness in the red region of the con-
tinuous spectrum τ < 1 [15].
Therefore, the effect of the near-wall cold regions of
the plasma can be neglected. They partially affect reab-
sorption in the central region of the line Hα, where τ
more (τ > 10), but their influence on the radiation in the
violet part of the spectrum should be negligible.
The parameters of the plasma channel are follows:
P = 100 atm, Tmax = 15.5⋅103K, Ne = 6⋅1018 cm-3, the
bore diameter d = 23.4 mm.
In Figs. 7, 8 show the dynamics of the emission spec-
trum at lower plasma concentrations and low temperatures.
These figures show that the half-width of the lines Hα and
Hβ are compared, and then, when at Ne ≤2⋅1017 cm-3 lines
Hβ are wider than Hα, as predicted by the theory [19], and
the values of Ne, obtained by the half-widths of these
lines are virtually identical. Decreases while the intensity
Hβ line and T defined poney becomes smaller than de-
fined by certain intensity in Hα, which could be evidence
of small optical thickness in line Hβ.
In the adjacent and threshold areas of the series
spectrum regions intensity is slightly higher than in oth-
er areas.
In the near-threshold areas and threshold areas a se-
ries of intensity of the spectrum is somewhat higher than
in other areas. Line Hγ observed only a few microsec-
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2015. №4(98) 192
onds, and its half width is less than Hβ. microseconds, and
its half width is less than the line Hβ [5, 6]. Line Hδ from
the continuous spectrum was unable to locate.
Fig. 7. The dependence of the radiation intensity
I = f (λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t =(71 ± 2) µs
Fig. 8. The dependence of the radiation intensity I = f
(λ) hydrogen-oxygen plasma. W, d = 20 µm;
U0 = 30 кV; l0 = 100 mm; t = (86 ± 2) µs
Note that if the appearance of lines Hβ, and Hγ re-
sponsible colder outer region of the plasma, the effect of
reducing the line broadening is even stronger. To detect
the influence of this effect it is necessary to obtain the
radial distribution of the temperature and make intensity
correction taking into account the refraction at the plas-
ma-water interface.
In [20] the radial temperature distribution for this
mode of discharge by 77 ms. It shows almost plateau-
like temperature distribution along the radius (cross
section) of the channel, which should not significantly
affect the electrons distribution and concentration in the
channel cross section and the absorption in the near-wall
plasma regions.
According to [10, 11] Hα line should "not be real-
ized" when the electron density Ne ≥ 2⋅1019 cm-3, Hβ
when Ne ≥ (1.5…3)⋅1018 cm-3, Hγ when Ne ≥ 0.9⋅1018 cm-
3. These Ne values are somewhat lower than those ob-
tained experimentally by several methods [20].
Perhaps this is due to colder regions near the walls,
and realization of the lines with higher levels just in them.
The above results indicate a decrease or redistribu-
tion of oscillator strength, predicted in [21], and the
"non-realization" of lines level in the micro-fields, com-
parable in magnitude to the strength of intra-atomic
fields, and in this range includes most intense level of
Hα lines.
CONCLUSIONS
The plasma parameters can be measured outside the
boundaries of the series or on lines that are not affected
by non-realization, as predicted theoretically in [5, 6].
Especially strongly last effect is manifested with in-
creasing rate of energy input into the channel [3].
From the above results and results in [13] it can also
be concluded that it is permissible to determine the elec-
tron density from the Stark broadening of the lines Hα
when Ne < 1019 cm-3 and Hβ when Ne < 1018 cm-3.
To measure the maximum temperature along the line
monitoring the intensity of the radiation maximum Hα
line can be reabsorbed immediately after discharge from
the continuous spectrum.
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electrons at PDW 2⋅1017см-3 ≤ Ne ≤ 2⋅1020cм-3 //
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series
“Plasma Electronics and New Methods of Accelera-
tion”. 2008, № 4, p. 288-293.
19. G. Grim. The broadening of the spectral lines in
plasma. M.: «Mir», 492 p. (in Russian).
20. О.А. Fedorovich. On peculiarities of the radial tem-
perature distribution in a channel of pulsed discharge
in water at the relaxation stage // Ukr. J. Phys. 2008,
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21. V.T. Gurovich, V.L. Spectorov, V.S. Engelsht. On
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Article received 30.04.2015
ДИНАМИКА СПЕКТРА ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДНО-КИСЛОРОДНОЙ ПЛАЗМЫ ИРВ
В ДИАПАЗОНЕ СЕРИИ БАЛЬМЕРА С МИНИМАЛЬНЫМ КОЛИЧЕСТВОМ ПРИМЕСЕЙ
О.А. Федорович, Л.М. Войтенко
Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований спектральных распределений излучения водо-
родно-кислородной плазмы импульсных разрядов в воде (ИРВ) в условиях минимального отличия этого
излучения от излучения абсолютно черного тела (АЧТ). Давление в плазменном канале менялось от 5 тыс.
атмосфер до 80 атмосфер, яркостная температура от 24⋅103 до 7⋅103 К. Различие яркостных температур в фи-
олетовой и красной областях не превышало ± 2000 К от средней температуры. При релаксации плазмы кон-
центрация электронов уменьшалась от 2⋅1020 до 1017 см-3. Показано, что при высоких концентрациях элек-
тронов спектральное распределение излучения в диапазоне спектра серии Бальмера мало отличается от из-
лучения АЧТ и не наблюдается ни одна линия водорода серии Бальмера. Это свидетельствует о «нереализа-
ции» даже самого верхнего уровня линии Нα (656,2 нм, с энергией возбуждения верхнего уровня 12,09 эВ).
По мере релаксации плазмы проявляются последовательно линии Нα, Нβ, Нγ. Наблюдается перераспределе-
ние уширения линий водорода серии Бальмера. При Ne ≤ 1017 см-3 спектр излучения водорода совпадает с
традиционным спектром.
ДИНАМІКА СПЕКТРА ВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯ ВОДНЕВО-КИСНЕВОЇ ПЛАЗМИ IPВ У ДІАПАЗОНІ
СЕРІЇ БАЛЬМЕРА З МІНІМАЛЬНОЮ КІЛЬКІСТЮ ДОМІШОК
О.А. Федорович, Л.М. Войтенко
Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень спектральних розподілів випромінювання воднево-
кисневої плазми імпульсних розрядів у воді (ІРВ) в умовах мінімальної відмінності випромінювання від ви-
промінювання абсолютно чорного тіла (АЧТ). Тиск у плазмовому каналі змінювався від 5 тис. атмосфер до
80 атмосфер, яскравістна температура – від 24⋅103 до 7⋅103 К. Різниця яскравісних температур у фіолетовій і
червоній областях не перевищувала ± 2000 К від середньої температури. При релаксації плазми концентра-
ція електронів зменшувалася від 2⋅1020 до 1017 см-3. Показано, що при високих концентраціях електронів
спектральний розподіл випромінювання в діапазоні спектра серії Бальмера мало відрізняється від випромі-
нювання АЧТ і не спостерігається ні одна лінія водню серії Бальмера Hα. Це свідчить про «нереалізацію»
навіть самого верхнього рівня лінії Нα (656,2 нм, з енергією збудження верхнього рівня 12,09 еВ). По мірі
релаксації плазми проявляються послідовно лінії Нα, Нβ, Нγ. Спостерігається перерозподіл розширення ліній
водню серії Бальмера. При Ne ≤ 1017 см-3 спектр випромінювання водню збігається з традиційним.
introduction
references
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-112196 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:12:39Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Fedorovich, O.A. Voitenko, L.M. 2017-01-17T20:33:34Z 2017-01-17T20:33:34Z 2015 Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities / O.A. Fedorovich, L.M. Voitenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2015. — № 4. — С. 189-193. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.80.-s. 52.20. Dq https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112196 The results of experimental investigations of the spectral distribution of radiation of hydrogen - oxygen plasma pulsed discharges in water in a minimum difference of radiation from the blackbody radiation (BBR) are given. The pressure in the plasma channel was changed from 5000 to 80 atm, the brightness temperature of 24·10³ to 7·10³ K. The difference in brightness temperatures of the violet and the red area does not exceed ± 2000 K of the average temperature. With the relaxation of plasma electron density decreased from 2·10²⁰ to 10¹⁷ cm⁻³. It is shown that at high concentrations of electron spectral distribution of the radiation in the spectral range of the Balmer series differs little from the blackbody radiation is not observed and none of the hydrogen Balmer line. This indicates "non-realization" even the top level line Hα. (656.2 nm, with excitation energy of the upper level of 12.09 eV). As the relaxation of the plasma to be consistent line Нα, Нβ, Нγ. There is a redistribution of the broadening of the hydrogen lines of the Bal-mer series. At Ne ≤ 10¹⁷ сm⁻³ hydrogen emission spectrum coincides with the traditional. Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень спектральних розподілів випромінювання воднево-кисневої плазми імпульсних розрядів у воді (ІРВ) в умовах мінімальної відмінності випромінювання від випромінювання абсолютно чорного тіла (АЧТ). Тиск у плазмовому каналі змінювався від 5 тис. атмосфер до 80 атмосфер, яскравістна температура – від 24·10³ до 7·10³ К. Різниця яскравісних температур у фіолетовій і червоній областях не перевищувала ± 2000 К від середньої температури. При релаксації плазми концентрація електронів зменшувалася від 2·10²⁰ до 10¹⁷ см⁻³. Показано, що при високих концентраціях електронів спектральний розподіл випромінювання в діапазоні спектра серії Бальмера мало відрізняється від випромінювання АЧТ і не спостерігається ні одна лінія водню серії Бальмера Hα. Це свідчить про «нереалізацію» навіть самого верхнього рівня лінії Нα (656,2 нм, з енергією збудження верхнього рівня 12,09 еВ). По мірі релаксації плазми проявляються послідовно лінії Нα, Нβ, Нγ. Спостерігається перерозподіл розширення ліній водню серії Бальмера. При Ne ≤ 10¹⁷ см⁻³ спектр випромінювання водню збігається з традиційним. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований спектральных распределений излучения водородно-кислородной плазмы импульсных разрядов в воде (ИРВ) в условиях минимального отличия этого излучения от излучения абсолютно черного тела (АЧТ). Давление в плазменном канале менялось от 5 тыс. атмосфер до 80 атмосфер, яркостная температура от 24·10³ до 7·10³ К. Различие яркостных температур в фиолетовой и красной областях не превышало ± 2000 К от средней температуры. При релаксации плазмы концентрация электронов уменьшалась от 2·10²⁰ до 10¹⁷ см⁻³. Показано, что при высоких концентрациях электронов спектральное распределение излучения в диапазоне спектра серии Бальмера мало отличается от излучения АЧТ и не наблюдается ни одна линия водорода серии Бальмера. Это свидетельствует о «нереализации» даже самого верхнего уровня линии Нα (656,2 нм, с энергией возбуждения верхнего уровня 12,09 эВ). По мере релаксации плазмы проявляются последовательно линии Нα, Нβ, Нγ. Наблюдается перераспределение уширения линий водорода серии Бальмера. При Ne ≤ 10¹⁷ см⁻³ спектр излучения водорода совпадает с традиционным спектром. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities Динаміка спектра випромінювання воднево-кисневої плазми ІРВ у діапазоні серії Бальмера з мінімальною кількістю домішок Динамика спектра излучения водородно-кислородной плазмы ИРВ в диапазоне серии Бальмера с минимальным количеством примесей Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities Fedorovich, O.A. Voitenko, L.M. Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия |
| title | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities |
| title_alt | Динаміка спектра випромінювання воднево-кисневої плазми ІРВ у діапазоні серії Бальмера з мінімальною кількістю домішок Динамика спектра излучения водородно-кислородной плазмы ИРВ в диапазоне серии Бальмера с минимальным количеством примесей |
| title_full | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities |
| title_short | Dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the Balmer series with a minimum of impurities |
| title_sort | dynamics of the emission spectrum of the hydrogenoxygen plasma of pulsed discharge in water in the range of the balmer series with a minimum of impurities |
| topic | Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия |
| topic_facet | Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/112196 |
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