Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons
The operation of 8-mm band relativistic magnetrons is considered for traditional and inverted-voltage regimes. The results obtained in a series of experiments are discussed.
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| Zitieren: | Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons / N.P. Gadetsky, A.N. Lebedenko, I.I. Magda, A.A. Shtan’ko, M.V. Volovenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2016. — № 3. — С. 35-37. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1153542025-02-23T18:12:15Z Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons Особенности работы релятивистских магнетронов миллиметрового диапазона в нетрадиционных режимах Особливості роботи релятивістських магнетронів міліметрового діапазону в нетрадиційних режимах Gadetsky, N.P. Lebedenko, A.N. Magda, I.I. Shtan’ko, A.A. Volovenko, M.V. Теория и техника ускорения частиц The operation of 8-mm band relativistic magnetrons is considered for traditional and inverted-voltage regimes. The results obtained in a series of experiments are discussed. Работа посвящена исследованию релятивистских магнетронов 8-мм диапазона в традиционных и инвертированных режимах. Обсуждаются результаты, полученные в серии экспериментов. Робота присвячена дослідженню релятивістських магнетронів 8-мм діапазону в традиційному та інвертованому режимах. Обговорюються результати, отримані в серії експериментів. 2016 Article Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons / N.P. Gadetsky, A.N. Lebedenko, I.I. Magda, A.A. Shtan’ko, M.V. Volovenko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2016. — № 3. — С. 35-37. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.75.Pv; 52.80.Pi https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/115354 en Вопросы атомной науки и техники application/pdf Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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English |
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Теория и техника ускорения частиц Теория и техника ускорения частиц |
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Теория и техника ускорения частиц Теория и техника ускорения частиц Gadetsky, N.P. Lebedenko, A.N. Magda, I.I. Shtan’ko, A.A. Volovenko, M.V. Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description |
The operation of 8-mm band relativistic magnetrons is considered for traditional and inverted-voltage regimes.
The results obtained in a series of experiments are discussed. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Gadetsky, N.P. Lebedenko, A.N. Magda, I.I. Shtan’ko, A.A. Volovenko, M.V. |
| author_facet |
Gadetsky, N.P. Lebedenko, A.N. Magda, I.I. Shtan’ko, A.A. Volovenko, M.V. |
| author_sort |
Gadetsky, N.P. |
| title |
Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons |
| title_short |
Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons |
| title_full |
Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons |
| title_fullStr |
Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons |
| title_sort |
non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| topic_facet |
Теория и техника ускорения частиц |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/115354 |
| citation_txt |
Non-conventional operation modes for millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons / N.P. Gadetsky, A.N. Lebedenko, I.I. Magda, A.A. Shtan’ko, M.V. Volovenko
// Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2016. — № 3. — С. 35-37. — Бібліогр.: 3 назв. — англ. |
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Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
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ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2016. №3(103) 35
NON-CONVENTIONAL OPERATION MODES FOR MILLIMETER
WAVE RELATIVISTIC MAGNETRONS
N.P. Gadetsky, A.N. Lebedenko, I.I. Magda, A.A. Shtan’ko, M.V. Volovenko
National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkov, Ukraine
E-mail: magda@kipt.kharkov.ua
The operation of 8-mm band relativistic magnetrons is considered for traditional and inverted-voltage regimes.
The results obtained in a series of experiments are discussed.
PACS: 52.75.Pv; 52.80.Pi
INTRODUCTION
The paper is a continuation of our previous studies
of millimeter wave relativistic magnetrons (RM) [1, 2].
According to the existing terminological convention,
magnetrons are categorized within two principal type
groups, 1) conventional devices where electrons are
provided either by a thermionic or a secondary-emission
cathode, while the anode is united with a slow wave
structure (SWS), and 2) inverted magnetrons where the
anode block lies inside an annular cathode.
We will discuss here millimeter wave RMs which
operate in the explosive emission regime, with electric
field strengths near the SWS reaching (1…5)·107 V/m.
Such electric parameters are unique, in the sense that
they enable RM operation both with the ‘properly’ con-
nected driving source (the cathode is at a lower potential
than the anode block) and with a reverse polarity. In the
latter case, it is the SWS that becomes the source of
electrons.
EXPERIMENT
The experiments involved RMs of the two above
mentioned configurations, the conventional and the in-
verted design. The conventional type was represented
by a device with a 48-cavity SWS: the anode and cat-
hode of respective diameters dA=22 mm and dc=14 mm;
cavity height 1.65 mm, and axial extent Z=6 mm. The
operating regimes under study were specified by the
range of applied voltages, U0=150 to 320 kV, and mag-
netic field strengths Н0= 3 to 11 kOe.
The inverted RM possessed a 24 cavity SWS, with
dA = 18 mm and dc = 28 mm; cavity height of 0.5 mm,
and axial extent of the structure Z=7 mm. The operating
modes of RM-24 corresponded to U0 = 150 to 320 kV
and H0 = 3 to 11 kOe. In fact, the RM of inverted design
could operate at higher magnetic fields.
Fig. 1 shows typical waveform records from the
conventional RM-48, obtained for a ‘proper’ (panel a)
and reverse (panel b) connection of the driving voltage.
As seen from the Figure, the length of the microwave
pulse (3) was about 20 ns in the case of a ‘properly’
connected driving voltage. With a reversely applied
voltage the microwave pulse length increased to 30 ns
or more. In Fig. 2 the magnitude of the microwave sig-
nal from the conventional magnetron is shown in depen-
dence on the magnetic field strength for the cases of
‘proper’ (curve 1) and reverse (curve 2) polarity of the
applied voltage. With the reverse polarity the range of
microwave generation has diminished by nearly a factor
of two. Indeed, the generated frequency lay between 37
and 37.8 GHz in the ‘properly’ connected device and
dropped down to 36.7…37 GHz when the applied volt-
age was reversed. The radiated power remained practi-
cally the same in the both operation modes.
a
b
Fig. 1. Characteristic waveforms of the conventional
RM-48 operating with: a – „proper‟ polarity
of the driving voltage and b – with a reverse connection.
Curve 1 – is the anode voltage; curve 2 – represents
total current, and 3 – is the response of a microwave
sensor
4 6 8 10
0
100
200
300
400
In
te
n
s
it
y
,
a
u
H
0
, kOe
1
2
Fig. 2. Microwave generation levels of RM-48
with „properly‟ (1), and reversely (2) connected
driving voltage
mailto:magda@kipt.kharkov.ua
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2016. №3(103) 36
a
b
Fig. 3. Characteristic waveforms of the inverted RМ-24
operating with: а – „proper‟ polarity of the driving
voltage and b – with a reverse connection.
Curve 1 – is the anode voltage; curve 2 – represents total
current, and 3 – is the response of a microwave sensor
Similar investigation was carried out with the invert-
ed RM. Shown in Fig. 3 are typical oscillograms of the
inverted RМ-24 for the cases of proper (panel a), and
reversely (panel b) applied driving voltage. As can be
seen from the oscillograms, the inverted RM-24 showed
practically invariant radiated pulse lengths in all the
operation modes under study. Also, it seems worth not-
ing that the inverted magnetron, when connected in the
reverse manner, demonstrated microwave generation for
a ‘proper’ polarity of the driving voltage (i.e. during the
second half-wave of the applied pulse). The generated
frequency was greater than 42.3 GHz when the device
was ‘properly’ connected, and dropped down to
37…37.3 GHz for the reversely applied driving pulse.
2 4 6 8 10 12
0
100
200
300
400
500
2
1
In
te
n
s
it
y
,
a
u
H, kOe
Fig. 4. Microwave generation levels of RM-24
with „properly‟ (1), and reversely (2) connected
driving voltage
Fig. 4 shows microwave intensities from the RM-24
versus applied magnetic field, for the cases of ‘proper’
(curve 1) and reverse (curve 2) polarity of the driving
voltage. Similar as with the conventional RM, the range
of magnetic field strengths where microwave generation
occurs is wider for the ‘proper’ driving polarity. Mean-
while, the radiated intensity observable during the se-
cond (‘correct’) half-wave of a reversely connected
driving voltage happened to be much higher, despite the
lower amplitude of that half-wave. Most probably, the
effect is due to the greater .emission current during the
second half-wave which owes to plasma effects near the
cathode.
In a number of tests microwave generation of no-
ticeable intensity was observed during subsequent half-
waves of the driving voltage (that followed the principal
one), in ‘correctly’ connected magnetrons of both con-
ventional and inverted design. The amplitudes were of
comparable size. A typical record for the inverted mag-
netron is shown in Fig. 5. Apparently, these anomalies
require further investigation.
Fig. 5. Characteristic waveforms to describe microwave gen-
eration in the inverted RМ-24 with different signs
of subsequent half-waves of the driving voltage.
Curve 1 – is the anode voltage; curve 2 – represents total
current, and 3 – is the response of a microwave sensor
CONCLUSIONS
Peculiar operation modes of relativistic magnetrons
have been studied for the first time, such that are fun-
damentally impossible in non-relativistic cross-field
devices. Among the results obtained for the convention-
al-type relativistic magnetron, note the following. By
reversing the polarity of the driving voltage the micro-
wave pulse length was increased by almost a factor of
two, however the active range of magnetic field
strengths diminished. The frequency generated by the
magnetron of traditional design varied but slightly both
with the classic and reversed polarity of the driving
voltage.
In the inverted magnetron, the rf pulse length re-
mained essentially unchanged with either polarity of the
driving voltage. Similar as with the conventional design,
the active range of the magnetic field diminished as the
applied voltage was reversed in the inverted device. The
generation frequency of the inverted magnetron suffered
a noticeable change with reversal of the driving voltage,
which is in a contrast to the traditional design. Thus, the
feasibility of ‘cathode priming’ of the operation mode
[3] can be recognized as an unusual function of the
SWS when used in the capacity of a cathode.
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2016. №3(103) 37
REFERENCES
1. S.A. Berdin, K.V. Chizhov, N.P. Gadetski,
V.G. Korenev, A.N. Lebedenko, M.I. Marchenko,
I.I. Magda, O.G. Melezhik, V.G. Sinitsin, V.A. Soshenko.
Special traits of the millimeter wave relativistic
magnetron // Problems of Atomic Science and Tech-
nology. Series “Nuclear Physics Investigations”.
2014, № 3, p. 54-59.
2. I.I. Magda, N.P. Gadetski, E.I. Kravtsova,
V.D. Naumenko, S.S. Pushkaryov, S.N. Terekhin,
A.S. Tischenko. Relativistic magnetron of 8 mm
waveband // Problems of Atomic Science and Tech-
nology. Series “Plasma Electronics” (6). 2008, № 4,
p. 18-20.
3. M.C. Jones, V.B. Neculaes, Y.Y. Lau, R.M. Gilden-
bach, W.M. White. Cathode priming of a relativistic
magnetron // Applied physics letter. 2004, v. 85,
№ 26, p. 6332-6334.
Article received 29.01.2016
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАБОТЫ РЕЛЯТИВИСТСКИХ МАГНЕТРОНОВ МИЛЛИМЕТРОВОГО
ДИАПАЗОНА В НЕТРАДИЦИОННЫХ РЕЖИМАХ
Н.П. Гадецкий, А.Н. Лебеденко, И.И. Магда, А.А. Штанько, H.В. Воловенко
Работа посвящена исследованию релятивистских магнетронов 8-мм диапазона в традиционных и инвер-
тированных режимах. Обсуждаются результаты, полученные в серии экспериментов.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОБОТИ РЕЛЯТИВІСТСЬКИХ МАГНЕТРОНІВ МІЛІМЕТРОВОГО
ДІАПАЗОНУ В НЕТРАДИЦІЙНИХ РЕЖИМАХ
М.П. Гадецький, О.М. Лебеденко, І.І. Магда, А.О. Штанько, М.В. Воловенко
Робота присвячена дослідженню релятивістських магнетронів 8-мм діапазону в традиційному та інверто-
ваному режимах. Обговорюються результати, отримані в серії експериментів.
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