Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory
The work is dedicated to the good practice examples in the process of preparation of the future students for the departments of Physics. It have been supposed the three stages of the secondary school students’ experimental skills development. To teach students how to make simple research the extracu...
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Науковий фізико-технологічний центр МОН та НАН України
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Kazachkova, N 2017-05-19T13:07:00Z 2017-05-19T13:07:00Z 2016 Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory / N. Kazachkova // Журнал физики и инженерии поверхности. — 2016. — Т. 1, № 4. — С. 404-407. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. 2519-2485 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/117063 372.854 The work is dedicated to the good practice examples in the process of preparation of the future students for the departments of Physics. It have been supposed the three stages of the secondary school students’ experimental skills development. To teach students how to make simple research the extracurricular courses have been organised at the V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory which is situated at the Department of Physics and Technology at the premises of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. During such training students gain special profound knowledge of physics and seriously improve their experimental skills by doing self-made experimental projects using recycled materials, simple household objects, ordinary toys by means of real tools. Работа посвящена удачному опыту в привлечении и подготовке школьников к поступлению на физические факультеты ВУЗов Украины. Выделяются три этапа развития и формирования экспериментальных умений школьников. Для дополнительного обучения детей сотрудники физико- технического факультета ХНУ имени В. Н. Каразина и НФТЦ создали специальную лабораторию интерактивных методов обучения. Во время занятий учащиеся школ Харькова и области получают дополнительную подготовку по физике, серьезно повышают свои экспериментальные навыки, знакомясь с научным исследовательским оборудованием. Школьники делают свои первые исследовательские проекты, используя предметы домашнего обихода, обыкновенные игрушки, а также отходы производства и ненужные части недорого оборудования. Робота присвячена вдалого досвіду в залученні і підготовці школярів до вступу на фізичні факультети ВНЗ України. Виділяються три етапи розвитку та формування експериментальних умінь школярів. Для додаткового навчання дітей співробітники фізико-технічного факультету ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна та НФТЦ створили спеціальну лабораторію інтерактивних методів навчання. Під час занять учні шкіл Харкова і області отримують додаткову підготовку з фізики, серйозно підвищують свої експериментальні навички, знайомлячись з науковим дослідницьким обладнанням. Школярі роблять свої перші дослідні проекти, використовуючи предмети домашнього вжитку, звичайні іграшки, а також відходи виробництва і непотрібні частини недорого обладнання. en Науковий фізико-технологічний центр МОН та НАН України Журнал физики и инженерии поверхности Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory Три этапа подготовки будущих исследователей в области физики в лаборатории ХНУ имени В. Н. Каразина — НФТЦ Три етапи підготовки майбутніх дослідників у галузі фізики в лабораторії ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна — НФТЦ Article published earlier |
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| title |
Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory |
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Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory Kazachkova, N |
| title_short |
Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory |
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Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory |
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Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory |
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Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory |
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three stages of the future physics researchers training at v. n. karazin khnu – scpt laboratory |
| author |
Kazachkova, N |
| author_facet |
Kazachkova, N |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Журнал физики и инженерии поверхности |
| publisher |
Науковий фізико-технологічний центр МОН та НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Три этапа подготовки будущих исследователей в области физики в лаборатории ХНУ имени В. Н. Каразина — НФТЦ Три етапи підготовки майбутніх дослідників у галузі фізики в лабораторії ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна — НФТЦ |
| description |
The work is dedicated to the good practice examples in the process of preparation of the future students for the departments of Physics. It have been supposed the three stages of the secondary school students’ experimental skills development. To teach students how to make simple research the extracurricular courses have been organised at the V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory which is situated at the Department of Physics and Technology at the premises of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. During such training students gain special profound knowledge of physics and seriously improve their experimental skills by doing self-made experimental projects using recycled materials, simple household objects, ordinary toys by means of real tools.
Работа посвящена удачному опыту в привлечении и подготовке школьников к поступлению на физические факультеты ВУЗов Украины. Выделяются три этапа развития и формирования экспериментальных умений школьников. Для дополнительного обучения детей сотрудники физико- технического факультета ХНУ имени В. Н. Каразина и НФТЦ создали специальную лабораторию интерактивных методов обучения. Во время занятий учащиеся школ Харькова и области получают дополнительную подготовку по физике, серьезно повышают свои экспериментальные навыки, знакомясь с научным исследовательским оборудованием. Школьники делают свои первые исследовательские проекты, используя предметы домашнего обихода, обыкновенные игрушки, а также отходы производства и ненужные части недорого оборудования.
Робота присвячена вдалого досвіду в залученні і підготовці школярів до вступу на фізичні факультети ВНЗ України. Виділяються три етапи розвитку та формування експериментальних умінь школярів. Для додаткового навчання дітей співробітники фізико-технічного факультету ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна та НФТЦ створили спеціальну лабораторію інтерактивних методів навчання. Під час занять учні шкіл Харкова і області отримують додаткову підготовку з фізики, серйозно підвищують свої експериментальні навички, знайомлячись з науковим дослідницьким обладнанням. Школярі роблять свої перші дослідні проекти, використовуючи предмети домашнього вжитку, звичайні іграшки, а також відходи виробництва і непотрібні частини недорого обладнання.
|
| issn |
2519-2485 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/117063 |
| citation_txt |
Three stages of the future physics researchers training at V. N. Karazin KhNU – SCPT laboratory / N. Kazachkova // Журнал физики и инженерии поверхности. — 2016. — Т. 1, № 4. — С. 404-407. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
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404
Журнал фізики та інженерії поверхні, 2016, том 1, № 4, сс. 404–407; Журнал физики и инженерии поверхности, 2016, том 1, № 4, сс. 404–407;
Journal of Surface Physics and Engineering, 2016, vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 404–407
© Kazachkova N., 2016
УДК 372.854
THREE STAGES OF THE FUTURE
PHYSICS RESEARCHERS TRAINING
AT V. N. KARAZIN KhNU – SCPT LABORATORY
N. Kazachkova
Department of Physics and Technology in Karazin
Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine,
Scientific Centre of Physical Technologies (SCPT)
Ministry of Education and Science in Ukraine
and National Academy of Science in Ukraine Kharkiv, Ukraine
Received 23.12.2016
The work is dedicated to the good practice examples in the process of preparation of the future students
for the departments of Physics. It have been supposed the three stages of the secondary school students’
experimental skills development. To teach students how to make simple research the extracurricular
courses have been organised at the V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory which is situated at the
Department of Physics and Technology at the premises of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University.
During such training students gain special profound knowledge of physics and seriously improve their
experimental skills by doing self-made experimental projects using recycled materials, simple household
objects, ordinary toys by means of real tools.
Keywords: experiences, interactive methods of teaching, students, physics.
ТРИ ЭТАПА ПОДГОТОВКИ
БУДУЩИХ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЕЙ В ОБЛАСТИ ФИЗИКИ
В ЛАБОРАТОРИИ ХНУ ИМЕНИ В. Н. КАРАЗИНА — НФТЦ
Н. Казачкова
Работа посвящена удачному опыту в привлечении и подготовке школьников к поступлению на
физические факультеты ВУЗов Украины. Выделяются три этапа развития и формирования экс-
периментальных умений школьников. Для дополнительного обучения детей сотрудники физи-
ко-технического факультета ХНУ имени В. Н. Каразина и НФТЦ создали специальную лабора-
торию интерактивных методов обучения. Во время занятий учащиеся школ Харькова и области
получают дополнительную подготовку по физике, серьезно повышают свои эксперименталь-
ные навыки, знакомясь с научным исследовательским оборудованием. Школьники делают свои
первые исследовательские проекты, используя предметы домашнего обихода, обыкновенные
игрушки, а также отходы производства и ненужные части недорого оборудования.
Ключевые слова: опыты, интерактивные методы обучения, ученики, физика.
ТРИ ЕТАПИ ПІДГОТОВКИ
МАЙБУТНІХ ДОСЛІДНИКІВ У ГАЛУЗІ ФІЗИКИ
В ЛАБОРАТОРІЇ ХНУ ІМЕНІ В. Н. КАРАЗІНА — НФТЦ
Н. Казачкова
Робота присвячена вдалого досвіду в залученні і підготовці школярів до вступу на фізичні фа-
культети ВНЗ України. Виділяються три етапи розвитку та формування експериментальних умінь
школярів. Для додаткового навчання дітей співробітники фізико-технічного факультету ХНУ
імені В. Н. Каразіна та НФТЦ створили спеціальну лабораторію інтерактивних методів навчання.
Під час занять учні шкіл Харкова і області отримують додаткову підготовку з фізики, серйозно
підвищують свої експериментальні навички, знайомлячись з науковим дослідницьким обладнан-
ням. Школярі роблять свої перші дослідні проекти, використовуючи предмети домашнього вжит-
ку, звичайні іграшки, а також відходи виробництва і непотрібні частини недорого обладнання.
Ключові слова: досліди, інтерактивні методи навчання, учні, фізика.
INTRODUCTION
The problem of secondary school students’
experimental skil ls developing during
preparation of future research specialists has
been mentioned in the works of some Ukrainian
and European authors [1], [2], [3], [6]. It is well
known that Physics is an experimental science
so the goal of the physics teaching does not
N. KAZACHKOVA
405ЖФІП ЖФИП JSPE, 2016, т. 1, № 4, vol. 1, No. 4
refer only on remembering the main formulas,
it means not only reciting and enumerating basic
laws of physics but also stimulating interest in
experimental work [4], [6]. However during
last decade bringing up to use modern computer
technologies, an application of up-to-date
computer programmes, modeling of physical
processes by means of computer from one hand
and lack of financial support for Ukrainian
education from the other hand courses to the
displacement of real physics experiments from
the lessons at the 80 % of Ukrainian schools.
Moreover at ordinary secondary schools in
Ukraine physics experiments during the lessons or
beyond usually are carried out with preassembled
equipment. Also in most schools the experiments
are run using pre-assembled instructions [7].
Those activities are definitely valuable and
justified. But students who are interested in
physics, technology or engineering as their
future carrier should also have the opportunity
to carry out projects they have planned, thought
up and elaborated themselves. For that reason in
our Laboratory which offers special support for
realising those projects has been created. Besides,
the primary and secondary school students (from
7–16) are encouraged to take part in local and
international annual Conferences, Competitions
and Tournaments with their experimental projects
for secondary school children, their parents
and university students where they can «touch
science» and find out about very serious topics
in an entertaining way.
V. N. KARAZIN KhNU —
SCPT LABORATORY
V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory
has been created since 2007 as an institute of
additional physics education.
The V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory
works with 23 Kharkiv Secondary schools,
where we regularly demonstrate Popular Physics
Lectures, which have the common name Paradox
Show connected with a content of Official
School Physics Curricular. During those lectures
V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory’s
research workers are able to select and choose the
pupils (9–12 years old) who have capabilities for
experimental work and invite them to join regular
trainings on Saturdays at the Laboratory. Those
selected primary and secondary school students
have regular (once a week) short theoretical
lectures (45 or 60 min), giving by university
teachers accompanied by practical training (90
min) by the leadership of university teachers or
students. In addition all our students have special
English course (two hours a week), where they
learn Physics and Maths in English. It is a very
important point of their preparation as future
scientists. It is considered there are three stages
of experimental skills development.
The first stage is for all comers primary
school pupils from 9–11. At our theoretical
training we proposed them 13 interactive theme
physics lectures which have been elaborated by
the V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory
colleagues. All of them have been adopted to
the primary school pupils to be understandable
for children of that age range. Every Saturday
at the premises of the Laboratory one of the
lectures (dur. 45 min) is presented to our visitors.
The topics are interesting for children: Physics
in Toys, Wonderful Mechanic, Travelling in
Sound Land, Physics in the Kitchen, Light
and Colours, Paradoxes of Magnetic Field,
Wonders of Electricity etc. At the beginning
visitors became acquainted with simple physics
principals and laws and then they are able to do
simple experiments themselves. After 5 months
training they choose the topic and prepare their
own simple research projects. They usually report
about their first «scientific results» at annual
University Conference «Junior Scientific Start-
Up» in May. At the first stage they usually do
simple experiments which are demonstrated and
explained to the audience at those Conferences.
This new approach is a successful attempt to
show that it is possible to change pupils’ and
secondary school students views about physics
with a relatively short but explicit methods (see
Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Simple research projects Sound Waves at the first
stage
THREE STAGES OF THE FUTURE PHYSICS RESEARCHERS TRAINING AT V. N. KARAZIN KhNU — SCPT LABORATORY
406 ЖФІП ЖФИП JSPE, 2016, т. 1, № 4, vol. 1, No. 4
The second stage is for students from 11 to 14
who are selected by methods mentioned above
from Kharkiv schools and lyceums. They are
also involved in regular extracurricular (once
a week on Saturdays) short theoretical lectures
(45 min) and more serious practical training
(90 min). During such experimental training
students are taught to operate with simple tools
like handsaw, boring mill, perforator, vernier
callipers, tester. They design and help to produce
some exhibits for Physics Exhibition [7] or for
the events which organised in their schools
(Week of Physics, Science Picnic, Night of
Science) under the leadership of the students
from the Department of Physics and Technology
at the University mentioned above as also as
V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory
staff. Such kind of practical trainings gain them
a lot and their experimental skills are seriously
improved by doing self-made experimental
projects using recycled materials, simple
household objects or ordinary toys (see Fig. 2).
The th ird s tage o f research sk i l l s
development. The prevailing lack of interest
in physics matters among adolescents from
14 to 17 is obvious and common not only for
Ukraine but also for all developed countries [8].
It most notably manifests itself in the steady
decline in the number of students at Physics
Departments in all Ukrainian universities. The
V. N. Karazin KhNU — SCPT Laboratory uses
of the machine laboratories and the electronics
repair laboratories at the Department of Physics
and Technology, subject-specific support by
scientists, lease of equipment has got lots of
advantages not only in Kharkiv, but also Kharkiv
Region.
Every year the V. N. Karazin KhNU —
SCPT Laboratory staff works with 3 groups of
students. There are 6–8 students in each group.
They are divided according to their age range
or secondary school forms. We also take into
consideration their theoretical knowledge in
physics and mathematics. Before they start they
have to pass specially prepared short tests in
Physics and Math (for the students from 13–16).
It helps us to divide them into the appropriated
and convenient for teaching groups. There were
5 research projects in 2015–2016 years. The best
ones are followed:
– Simple experiments with sounds (first
stage research project ) reported in English by
Daria Slobodina (12), Danylo Datsenko (11) and
Andrii Konyk(11);
– Heron’s Fountain (second stage research
project) made of ordinary kitchen plastic
containers a non-typical pattern designed and
produces by Anton Rusynnyk (13);
– Creation of the experimental set-up and
demonstration of a «soap film liquid motor»
which has been done by the students aged 16
Maksym Peretyaha and Vitaliy Yurko. All
those projects have been done at V. N. Karazin
KhNU — SCPT Laboratory (see Fig. 3).
The third stage projects are usually much
more serious and can be compared with real
Diplomas at University. The example is «Liquid
film motor» [9]. In recent years scientists have
become interested in the physics of liquid
films. Study those films is the part of the
interesting physics section called «Physics of
Surface». When the films are subjected to the
action of various chemical, thermal, structural
or electrical factors, they display interesting
Fig. 2. Working with real tools and the example of hands-on Heron Fountain from the plastic boxes as a second stage
project
N. KAZACHKOVA
407ЖФІП ЖФИП JSPE, 2016, т. 1, № 4, vol. 1, No. 4
dynamical phenomena. Investigation of soap
films and bubbles is very impressive topic in
a lot of student research projects. A soap film
should be formed on a flat frame. Place the film
in an electric field parallel to the film surface
and pass an electric current through the film. The
film starts rotating in its plane (it can be seen
in figure 4 below). The phenomenon have been
investigated and explained (see Fig. 4).
CONCLUSIONS
Three self-made devices have been designed
and created during 2015–2016 years in
the Laboratory. During the extracurricular
theoretical and experimental trainings mentioned
above students have the opportunity to obtain
an insight into the real research methods of
investigation, to conduct their own research
projects and demonstrate some of their KCs
(for example basic competences in science and
technology and communication in the foreign
language) at the different local and international
conferences (Bronze medal at International
Conference of Young Scientists, April 2015,
Izmir, Turkey). Teaching methods proposed
by the authors are not contrary to the existing
Ukrainian teaching techniques, they can be
considered as an effective supplementation
to traditional methods and forms of physics
teaching. For more than 10 years of the Centre
existence 98 % of students entered in Kharkiv
and some other Ukrainian Universities and
became a good students and succesful scientists
as in Ukraine as so as some European countries.
We are proud of our ex-students who now are
working in Germany, Canada, the USA, The
Netherlands and Poland.
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Fig. 3. Experimental skills development at the third stage
Fig. 4. Elaborated liquid film motor mesuarements
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