Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles
It has been shown that introduction of magnetic nanoparticles (MN) of various shapes with the concentration 10⁻¹ wt.% into polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) causes two effects: the size of liquid crystal droplets decreases, and the amount of the latter with through holes increases. MN incre...
Збережено в:
| Опубліковано в: : | Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics |
|---|---|
| Дата: | 2010 |
| Автори: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
| Опубліковано: |
Інститут фізики напівпровідників імені В.Є. Лашкарьова НАН України
2010
|
| Онлайн доступ: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/118564 |
| Теги: |
Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
|
| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles / P. Kopcansky, M. Timko, Z. Mitrova, V. Zavisova, M. Koneracka, N. Tomasovicova, L. Tomco, O.P. Gornitska, O.V. Kovalchuk, V.M. Bykov, T.M. Kovalchuk, I.P. Studenyak // Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics. — 2010. — Т. 13, № 4. — С. 343-347. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859470534159368192 |
|---|---|
| author | Kopčanský, P. Timko, M. Mitrova, Z. Zavisova, V. Koneracká, M. Tomašovičov, N. Tomčo, L. Gornitska, O.P. Kovalchuk, O.V. Bykov, V.M. Kovalchuk, T.M. Studenyak, I.P. |
| author_facet | Kopčanský, P. Timko, M. Mitrova, Z. Zavisova, V. Koneracká, M. Tomašovičov, N. Tomčo, L. Gornitska, O.P. Kovalchuk, O.V. Bykov, V.M. Kovalchuk, T.M. Studenyak, I.P. |
| citation_txt | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles / P. Kopcansky, M. Timko, Z. Mitrova, V. Zavisova, M. Koneracka, N. Tomasovicova, L. Tomco, O.P. Gornitska, O.V. Kovalchuk, V.M. Bykov, T.M. Kovalchuk, I.P. Studenyak // Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics. — 2010. — Т. 13, № 4. — С. 343-347. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics |
| description | It has been shown that introduction of magnetic nanoparticles (MN) of various
shapes with the concentration 10⁻¹ wt.% into polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)
causes two effects: the size of liquid crystal droplets decreases, and the amount of the
latter with through holes increases. MN increase the effective value of permittivity by
more than one order within the frequency range 10⁻¹⁺ -10² HZ , as well as the electron
and ion components of conductivity. MN reduce the exponent in the frequency
dependence of the electron component of conductivity. The changes caused by the
presence of the nanoparticles quantitatively depend on their shape.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-11-24T09:08:46Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010. V. 13, N 4. P. 343-347.
PACS 61.30.Gd, 75.30.Hx, 77.84.Nh
Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid
crystal with magnetic nanoparticles
P. Kopčanský1, M. Timko1, Z. Mitrova1, V. Zavisova1, M. Koneracká1, N. Tomašovičová1, L. Tomčo1,
O.P. Gornitska2, O.V. Kovalchuk2,3, V.M. Bykov3, T.M. Kovalchuk4, I.P. Studenyak5
1Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences,
47, Watsonova str., 04001 Košice, Slovak Republic
2National Aviation University, Institute of Innovative Technologies
1, Cosmonaut Komarov str., 03058 Kyiv, Ukraine
3Institute of Physics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine,
46, prospect Nauky, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
4V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine,
45, prospect Nauky, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
5Uzhgorod National University, 46, Pidhirna str., 88000 Uzhgorod, Ukraine
Abstract. It has been shown that introduction of magnetic nanoparticles (MN) of various
shapes with the concentration wt.% into polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)
causes two effects: the size of liquid crystal droplets decreases, and the amount of the
latter with through holes increases. MN increase the effective value of permittivity by
more than one order within the frequency range , as well as the electron
and ion components of conductivity. MN reduce the exponent in the frequency
dependence of the electron component of conductivity. The changes caused by the
presence of the nanoparticles quantitatively depend on their shape.
110−
Hz1010 21 −−
Keywords: magnetic nanoparticle, polymer matrix, liquid crystal, permittivity, electron
and ion components of conductivity.
Manuscript received 05.09.10; accepted for publication 02.12.10; published online 30.12.10.
1. Introduction
The large scale study of dispersions of nematic liquid
crystal in a polymer matrix (PDLC) began after
publications [1, 2], where it was shown that these
systems can be used to create electro-optical devices of a
new type [3].
Wide spread of these systems in display technology
is limited by two important factors: the rather high (as
compared to homogeneous systems) value of voltage, for
example, for transition from a state with a strong light
scattering into the transparent one, as well as more
longer times of transition from one state to another
(especially when the voltage is turned off). Therefore,
the PDLCs are currently considered as promising
materials for specific applications such as creation of
window blinds controlled by electric field, fog
simulators, UV protective glasses, etc. In all these
devices, the mechanism providing control of PDLC
optical properties is of fundamental importance.
It is known [4] that, when electric field acts on
PDLC, the electric field inside droplets of liquid crystal
can be significantly lower than the external electric field
due to effects of polarization. This fact principally leads
to controlling voltages that are significant in their
magnitude (tens and even hundreds of volts).
Polarization effects can be ignored if using the magnetic
field for controlling the electro-optical properties of
PDLC. Due to relatively low anisotropy of the
diamagnetic susceptibility of liquid crystal, magneto-
optical effects in PDLC are possible in the case of
sufficiently strong magnetic fields that can be practically
realized only in a few research laboratories over the
world.
The effect of magnetic field can be significantly
enhanced by introducing the magnetic particles into
PDLC. To have no influence on the light scattering,
© 2010, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
343
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010. V. 13, N 4. P. 343-347.
these particles should possess dimensions that are
shorter than the light wavelengths, and their
concentration must be relatively low. It is clear that for
these purposes the magnetic nanoparticles (MN) are best
matched, and great success in their manufacturing
technology was presently achieved.
© 2010, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
a
b
c
Fig. 1. Morphology of PDLC films: pure (a), with spherical
MN (b) and with rod-like MN (c) obtained by using the
scanning electron microscope JSM-35. The accelerating
voltage was 35 keV. The arrow indicates the location where
a hole was formed. These images are of the negative type.
The analysis of publications has showed that the
effect of MN on the properties of homogeneous liquid
crystal was extensively investigated [5-8], but only few
data for MN influence on the properties of PDLC were
obtained. In our opinion, the properties of PDLC with
the MN will be to a large extent determined by the fact
how the MN act on the structure and dielectric properties
of this matrix. The purpose of this work was to
investigate this influence.
2. Materials and methods
The samples of PDLCs have been prepared by the
following method. Liquid crystal (6CHBT, i.e. 4-trans-
4'-n-hexyl-cyclohexyl-isothiocyanatobenzene) of amount
0.05 ml was added to 5 ml with 10% polyvinyl alcohol
(PVA). This mixture was stirred at 10,000 rpm for
1 min. A creamy white emulsion was obtained. It was let
to degas and a thin bead was placed on a slide. After the
water evaporation, we got a thin film.
This technique was also used for preparation of the
PDLC films doped with various kinds of magnetic
particles.
The sample thickness was 50 μm. The structure of
the films was investigated by using the scanning electron
microscope JSM-35 with the accelerating voltage
35 keV. To eliminate the effect of charging the surface,
before the measurements a graphite film was deposited
onto the surface of the PDLC film.
Dielectric measurements were performed using the
oscilloscope method [9, 10] at the temperature close to
293 K. We applied to the sample the alternating voltage
of a triangular shape with the amplitude value 0.25 V.
The range of measuring signal frequency was within
to 10110− 6 Hz. The PDLC film was placed between two
glass plates covered with a transparent layer of ITO. To
improve the electrical contact, a small amount of
6CHBT was deposited onto the surface of electrodes.
3. Results and discussion
1. The morphology of the samples
Fig. 1 shows the morphology of the films PDLC (a),
PDLC with spherical MN (b), and PDLC with rod-like
MN (c). Our analysis of these data demonstrates that the
MN act on the sizes of droplets of liquid crystal in the
polymer matrix. In the case of PDLC films, the average
LC droplet size was 5 to 8 μm (Fig. 1a). When
introducing the MN, the average droplet size was
decreased down to 3…5 μm for spherical MN and
4…6 μm for the rod-like MN. A decrease of the droplet
sizes can be explained by an increase in the rigidity of
344
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010. V. 13, N 4. P. 343-347.
the polymer film. In this case, MN act as rebar in
concrete.
Beside reduction of droplet sizes, presence of MN
leads to an increase in the number of droplets with
through holes (black dots in the center of the droplets). It
follows from Fig. 1 that this effect is most pronounced in
the films with rod-like MN. The difference in the
amount of droplets with through holes for the MN of
different shape is understandable, because the rod-like
MN change geometrical parameters of the polymer
matrix more significantly than the spherical ones.
It should be noted that the concentration of
spherical and rod-like MN was wt.%. I.e., even a
small amount of MN may considerably change both
morphology and other properties of PDLC (as will be
shown below).
110−
© 2010, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
10-1 100 101 102 103 104 105 106
101
102
103
104
3
2
1
ε '
f, Hz
Fig. 2. Frequency dependence of the effective value of the
permittivity for the PDLC films: pure (1), with spherical
MN (2) and with rod-like MN (3). The film thickness is 50 μm.
The amplitude value of the voltage of measured signal is
0.25 V. The temperature is 293 K.
2. Dielectric properties
Fig. 2 shows the frequency dependence of dielectric
films PDLC (1), PDLC with spherical MN (2) and
PDLC with rod-like MN (3). The data obtained suggest
that the greatest difference between the samples in the ε′
value is observed at the frequency f <102 Hz. Within this
frequency range, the very ε′ value is sharply increased,
too. As was shown in [11, 12], the sharp increase in the
components of the permittivity (real and imaginary) is
caused by redistribution of the electric field due to near-
electrode processes. For non-uniform electric field, the ε′
value can be considered as the effective one.
From the above analysis, we can conclude that the
spherical and rod-like MN influence most significantly
on the parameters of the near-electrode area. As seen
from Fig. 2, the greatest difference in the ε′ magnitude
(more than one order) is observed for f = 0.1 Hz. For this
frequency range, the influence of the near-electrode area
is the most essential.
In [11, 12], it was shown that redistribution of the
field in the near-electrode area is the most pronounced in
liquids. Therefore, an analysis of Fig. 2 data
demonstrates that the introduction of MN into PDLC
leads to an increase in the amount of liquid crystal in the
near-electrode area. Based on the analysis of
morphology of these films, we concluded that significant
increase in the number of holes in liquid crystal droplets
in the presence of MN promotes this process. As follows
from Fig. 1, for the case of rod-like MN the amount of
liquid crystal droplets with holes is larger than that for
PDLC with spherical MN. There is a complete
correlation between the changes in the ε′ value and the
amount of droplets with through holes. I.e., the main
reason for the change of dielectric properties of PDLC,
when introducing the MN, is a change in the parameters
of the near-electrode area.
A comparison of the ε′ value for three types of the
samples measured at frequencies f > 102 Hz shows that
for these frequencies also a change in the ε′ value is
observed, but it is considerably smaller than the above
changes. The largest change in the ε′ value for these
frequencies is observed when f > 105 Hz and may be
caused by the influence of MN on dipole polarization in
LC droplets. This indicates that when phases are
separated, as a result of polymerization, a part of MN
goes into the polymer, but some of them remain in the
LC droplets.
Fig. 3 shows the frequency dependence of
conductivity for films of PDLC (1), PDLC with
spherical MN (2) and PDLC with rod-like MN (3). It
follows that this frequency range can be separated into
three sections.
10-1 100 101 102 103 104 105 106
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
3 2
1
σ,
Ohm-1m-1
f, Hz
Fig. 3. Frequency dependence of the conductivity for the
PDLC films: pure (1), with spherical MN (2) and with rod-like
MN (3). Lines indicate the regions where the conductivity
depends on the frequency in accord with a power law.
345
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010. V. 13, N 4. P. 343-347.
For frequencies f < 102 Hz, the conductivity is
almost independent of frequency. Such behavior is
characteristic for ion conductivity in LC. Since most of
the LC droplets in the presence of spherical and rod-like
MN have through holes, it promotes charge transfer due
to ion motion. This is the main reason for the change of
the ion component of conductivity σi. In addition, the
presence of MN in the LC droplets leads to increase in
the ion conductivity of the very LC.
Comparison of the σi value for the films of PDLC
(1), PDLC with spherical MN (2) and PDLC with rod-
like MN (3) (Fig. 3) shows that when introducing the
MN into PDLC, the σi value is increased by more than
one order. And in the case of rod-like MN, a change of
σi is approximately 1.2 times higher than that in the case
of spherical MN. This small difference in the magnitude
of the ion component of conductivity does not give
grounds to assert that the main reason for total increase
is formation of through holes in the films. An increase in
σi with introducing the MN is most likely caused by
changes in the conductivity of the very LC, and the
shape of nanoparticles has no special meaning in this
case. The obtained experimental data do not allow to
determine which of the mechanisms providing the
change in the σi value is the main one. To solve this
problem, additional experiments must be carried out.
This is not an aim of this work and will be a subject of
our further studies.
As follows from Fig. 3, at frequencies f > ·103 Hz
for all the samples, the conductivity depends on the
frequency in accord with the power law
σe = σDC + Aωs, (1)
where σDC is the dc conductivity (f = 0), ω = 2πf –
angular frequency, A – constant value for this process of
changes in the conductivity, s – the exponent that
characterizes mainly the transfer of charge carriers. The
dependence (1) is characteristic for charge transfer in
disordered solids, where the hopping process is inherent
to charge carriers (mainly electrons) being in electric
field and changing one stable state for another. It can be
assumed that for PDLC films the conductivity that obeys
relation (1) is caused by electron transfer in the polymer
film.
As noted above, the most important parameter
characterizing the charge transfer process (1) is the s
value. Fig. 3 shows that for the PDLC films s =
0.67 ± 0.03. For the PDLC with spherical MN s =
0.26 ± 0.03, and for PDLC with rod-like MN s =
0.23 ± 0.03. It enables one to conclude that the magnetic
nanoparticles change the electrical properties not only of
liquid crystal droplets, but the polymer (PVA), too.
It is seen from Fig. 3 that the MN effect on the
electron conductivity in the polymer is less than on the
ion component in LC. But the influence of the MN shape
on conductivity changes is more clearly expressed in this
case. In contrast to σi, the σe value for PDLC with rod-
like MN is more than 1.8 times greater than that for
PDLC with spherical MN.
If to compare the effect of MN on σi and σe values
one can draw the following conclusions. At the presence
of MN, the σi value increases 25 times, while the
maximum change in σi (for f = 106 Hz) equals 15 for
PDLC with rod-like MN. I.e., the presence of MN in
PDLC has a greater effect on the magnitude of the ion
component of conductivity than on the σe value. Since σi
is caused by LC conductivity and σe – by conductivity of
polymer, this comparison allows to suggest that, after
separation of the phases, most of the MN is located in
the LC droplets.
Within the total frequency range, the conductivity
can be represented as a sum of the ion conductivity in
LC σi (its value does not depend on the frequency) and
the electron conductivity in polymer σe:
σ = σi + σDC + Aωs. (2)
By using the equation (2), one can describe the
frequency dependence in the transition parts, too.
Conclusions
1. The presence of MN in PDLC films based on
liquid crystal 6CHBT and polyvinyl alcohol leads to two
effects: an increase in the amount of droplets with holes
and decrease in droplet sizes. For PDLC films, the LC
droplet size was 5 to 8 μm. When introducing MN into
PDLC, the droplet size was decreased down to 3…5 μm
for spherical MN and 4…6 μm for rod-like MN. The
decrease in sizes of droplets can be explained by rigidity
of the polymer film in the presence of MN. Due to MN
introduction, effect of an increase of holes in the droplets
is more essential than the effect of reducing their size.
2. With MN introduction into PDLC, the most
significant changes in the effective value of the
permittivity were observed for frequencies f < 102 Hz.
These changes may be caused by an increase in the
amount of liquid crystal in the near-electrode area due to
formation of holes in LC droplets. This assumption is
confirmed by the influence of the droplet shape on the ε′
value and by correlation between the change in ε′ and
amount of holes in the LC droplets with different shapes
of MN.
3. The conductivity of PDLC within the frequency
range has two components: the ion one σHz1010 61 −−
i
caused by transfer of ions in LC and electron one σe
caused by transfer of electrons inside polymer. The ion
component of conductivity does not depend on
frequency, and it is the main component for frequencies
f < 102 Hz. The determining contribution of the electron
component is observed for frequencies f > ·103 Hz. This
component of conductivity is characterized by the power
dependence on the frequency.
4. The MN introduction into PDLC leads to an
increase in the ion component of conductivity by a factor
© 2010, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
346
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010. V. 13, N 4. P. 343-347.
of more than 25. The shape of the nanoparticles does not
practically influence on the change in the value of
conductivity (in the case of rod-like MN, the change of
σi is approximately 1.2 times higher than that for
spherical MN).
At the presence of MN, the maximum change in the
electron component of conductivity is equal to 15. In this
case, for the rod-like MN the change of σe value is 1.8
times larger than that for the spherical MN. The presence
of MN in PDLC leads not only to a change in the
conductivity value, but also to a decrease in the exponent
for the dependence σe(f) from 0.67 ± 0.03 for the PDLC
to 0.26 ± 0.03 for the PDLC with spherical MN and
0.23 ± 0.03 for the PDLC with rod-like MN. The smaller
change of the σe value than the σi value when
introducing MN into PDLC may be caused by the fact
that, when phases are separated, the most of MN passes
to LC in the process of structure formation.
References
1. J. Fergason, Polymer encapsulated nematic liquid
crystals for display and light control applications //
SID Intern. Symp. Digest. Tech. Papers, 16, p. 68
(1985).
2. J.W. Doane, N.A. Vaz, B.-G. Wu, S. Zumer, Field
controlled light scattering from nematic
microdroplets // Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, No.4, p. 269-
271 (1986).
3. A.V. Kovalchuk, M.V. Kurik, O.D. Lavrentovich,
Encapsulated nematic liquid crystals: a new class
of display units // Zarubezhnaja radioelektronika,
№ 5, p. 44-58 (1989), in Russian.
4. H. Stark, Physics of colloidal dispersions in
nematic liquid crystals // Phys. Repts. 351, No.6,
p. 387-474 (2001).
5. P. Kopčanský, M. Koneracká, V. Zavisova et al.,
Study of magnetic Fredericksz transition in
ferronematics liquid crystals doped with fine
magnetic particles // J. Phys. IV (Paris), 7, p. C565-
C566 (1997).
6. O. Buluy, E. Ouskova, Yu. Reznikov et al.,
Magnetically induced alignment of FNS // J. Magn.
Magn. Mater. 252, p. 159-161 (2002).
7. P. Kopčanský, I. Potočova, M. Koneracká et al.,
The anchoring of nematic molecules on magnetic
particles in some types of ferronematics // J. Magn.
Magn. Mater. 289, p. 101-104 (2005).
8. P. Kopčanský, N. Tomašovičová, M. Koneracká
et al., Structural changes in the 6CHBT liquid
crystal doped with spherical, rodlike, and chainlike
magnetic particles // Phys. Rev. E. 78, No.1,
011702 (2008).
9. A.J. Twarowski, A.C. Albrecht, Depletion layer in
organic films: Low frequency measurements in
polycrystalline tetracene // J. Chem. Phys. 20,
No.5, p. 2255-2261(1979).
A.V. Koval’chuk, Low- and infra-low dielectric
spectroscopy liquid crystal – solid state interface.
Sliding layers // Ukr. J. Phys. 41, No.10, p. 991-
998 (1996).
10. A.V. Koval’chuk, Generation of charge carrier and
formation of antisymmetric double electric layers
in glycerine // J. Chem. Phys. 108, No.19, p. 8190-
8194 (1998).
11. A.V. Koval’chuk, Relaxation processes and charge
transport across liquid crystal – electrode interface
// J. Phys.: Condensed Matter. 13, No.24, p. 10333-
10345 (2001).
© 2010, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
347
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-118564 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1560-8034 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-24T09:08:46Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Інститут фізики напівпровідників імені В.Є. Лашкарьова НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Kopčanský, P. Timko, M. Mitrova, Z. Zavisova, V. Koneracká, M. Tomašovičov, N. Tomčo, L. Gornitska, O.P. Kovalchuk, O.V. Bykov, V.M. Kovalchuk, T.M. Studenyak, I.P. 2017-05-30T16:18:37Z 2017-05-30T16:18:37Z 2010 Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles / P. Kopcansky, M. Timko, Z. Mitrova, V. Zavisova, M. Koneracka, N. Tomasovicova, L. Tomco, O.P. Gornitska, O.V. Kovalchuk, V.M. Bykov, T.M. Kovalchuk, I.P. Studenyak // Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics. — 2010. — Т. 13, № 4. — С. 343-347. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. 1560-8034 PACS 61.30.Gd, 75.30.Hx, 77.84.Nh https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/118564 It has been shown that introduction of magnetic nanoparticles (MN) of various shapes with the concentration 10⁻¹ wt.% into polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) causes two effects: the size of liquid crystal droplets decreases, and the amount of the latter with through holes increases. MN increase the effective value of permittivity by more than one order within the frequency range 10⁻¹⁺ -10² HZ , as well as the electron and ion components of conductivity. MN reduce the exponent in the frequency dependence of the electron component of conductivity. The changes caused by the presence of the nanoparticles quantitatively depend on their shape. en Інститут фізики напівпровідників імені В.Є. Лашкарьова НАН України Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles Kopčanský, P. Timko, M. Mitrova, Z. Zavisova, V. Koneracká, M. Tomašovičov, N. Tomčo, L. Gornitska, O.P. Kovalchuk, O.V. Bykov, V.M. Kovalchuk, T.M. Studenyak, I.P. |
| title | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles |
| title_full | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles |
| title_short | Morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles |
| title_sort | morphology and dielectric properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal with magnetic nanoparticles |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/118564 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kopcanskyp morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT timkom morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT mitrovaz morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT zavisovav morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT konerackam morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT tomasovicovn morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT tomcol morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT gornitskaop morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT kovalchukov morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT bykovvm morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT kovalchuktm morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles AT studenyakip morphologyanddielectricpropertiesofpolymerdispersedliquidcrystalwithmagneticnanoparticles |