The nature of superfuidity and Bose-Einstein condensation: from liquid ⁴He to dilute ultracold atomic gases (Review Article)

• Published in: Физика низких температур
• Date: 2013
• Main Authors: Vilchynskyy, S.I., Yakimenko, A.I., Isaieva, K.O., Chumachenko, A.V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України 2013
• Subjects: Сверхтекучесть и бозе-эйнштейновская конденсация
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/118741
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: The nature of superfuidity and Bose-Einstein condensation: from liquid ⁴He to dilute ultracold atomic gases (Review Article) / S.I. Vilchynskyy, A.I. Yakimenko, K.O. Isaieva, A.V. Chumachenko // Физика низких температур. — 2013. — Т. 39, № 9. — С. 937–957. — Бібліогр.: 155 назв. — англ.

We present a brief overview of crucial historical stages in creation of superfluidity theory and of the current
 state of the microscopic theory of superfluid
 ⁴He. We pay special attention to the role of Bose-Einstein condensates
 (BECs) in understanding of physical mechanisms of superfluidity and identification of quantum mechanical
 structure of
 ⁴He superfluid component below -point, in particular — the possibility that at least two types of
 condensates may appear and coexist simultaneously in superfluid
 ⁴He. In this context we discuss the properties
 of the binary mixtures of BECs and types of excitations, which may appear due to intercomponent interaction in
 such binary mixtures of condensates. We also discuss current status of investigations of persistent currents in toroidal
 optical traps and present an outlook of our recent findings on this subject.