The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic
The dielectric properties were studied for Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic as a function of a.c. electric field, d.c. electric field, frequency, and temperature. The increasing strength of a.c. electric field shifts the electric permittivity function towards lower temperatures. However, d.c. electric field redu...
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Інститут фізики конденсованих систем НАН України
1999
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| Cite this: | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic / J. Suchanicz // Condensed Matter Physics. — 1999. — Т. 2, № 4(20). — С. 649-654. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
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| citation_txt | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic / J. Suchanicz // Condensed Matter Physics. — 1999. — Т. 2, № 4(20). — С. 649-654. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
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| description | The dielectric properties were studied for Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic as a function of a.c. electric field, d.c. electric field, frequency, and temperature. The
increasing strength of a.c. electric field shifts the electric permittivity function towards lower temperatures. However, d.c. electric field reduces electric permittivity and slightly suppresses the frequency dispersion. These
effects can be connected with the existence in NBT of polar regions.
Досліджено діелектричні властивості кераміки Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ як функції змінного і постійного електричного поля та температури. Збільшення змінного електричного поля зсуває діелектричну проникність
в область нижчих температур, а постійне електричне поле зменшує
проникність і дещо придушує її частотну дисперсію. Ці ефекти можуть бути пов’язані з існуванням в НВТ полярних областей.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:24:32Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
Condensed Matter Physics, 1999, Vol. 2, No. 4(20), pp. 649–654
The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field
on the dielectric properties of
Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic
J.Suchanicz
Institute of Physics and Computer Science, Pedagogical University,
2 Podchora̧żych Str., 30-084 Kraków, Poland
Received August 31, 1998
The dielectric properties were studied for Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic as a func-
tion of a.c. electric field, d.c. electric field, frequency, and temperature. The
increasing strength of a.c. electric field shifts the electric permittivity func-
tion towards lower temperatures. However, d.c. electric field reduces elec-
tric permittivity and slightly suppresses the frequency dispersion. These
effects can be connected with the existence in NBT of polar regions.
Key words: ferroelectric, NBT
PACS: 77.22.-d, 77.22.Ch, 77.84.Dy
1. Introduction
Sodium-bismuth titanate Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) has a perovskite type structure
and possesses two structural phase transitions: cubic to tetragonal (540–520 ◦C)
and tetragonal to rhombohedral (in a wide temperature range where both phases
coexist). The tetragonal phase seems to be ferroelastic [1] and rhombohedral phase is
ferroelectric. The maximum of electric permittivity occurs at about Tmax ≈320 ◦C.
Simultaneously no changes in domain structure, crystal structure, specific heat etc.
are observed at this temperature. Some studies suggested that this maximum is
connected with the antiferroelectric phase transition [2-3]. However the majority
of investigation data deny this suggestion. Some experimental results indicate the
coexistence of both phases (tetragonal and rhombohedral) in a wide temperature
range including Tmax. It follows, from neutron scattering investigations that already
at high temperatures the unstable polar regions arise [4]. Their correlation radius
increases with the decrease of temperature while below the temperature of 280 ◦C
these regions are stable. They act as the nucleation centers of the ferroelectric phase,
which occur approximately below 200 ◦C. Taking into account the neutron scattering
and other results of the investigations, the anomalies of some quantities, which
appear in the vicinity of 320 ◦C, should be associated with relaxation processes which
c© J.Suchanicz 649
J.Suchanicz
Figure 1. Temperature evolution of the electric permittivity of NBT ceramic at
different amplitudes of a.c.electric field.
originate from electromechanical interacting between polar regions and nonpolar
matrix [5-6].
In order to understand the dynamics of polar regions the effect of a.c. and d.c.
electric field on dielectric properties of NBT ceramic is presented in the present
paper.
2. Experimental method
The NBT ceramic have been sintered by a solid state reaction described in [7].
The temperature measured by thermocouple in touch with the sample was stabi-
lized exactly to 0.1 ◦C. Prior to the measurements the sample was maintained at
570 ◦C during 0.5 hours. Measurements were carried out for silver or gold electroded
samples using a HP4284A LCR meter. Capacity C and dielectric losses tanδ were
recorded directly from the meter. The a.c. and d.c. field dependence experiments
650
The effect of a.c and d.c electric field on NBT
were performed in the temperature range from 20 to 380 ◦C over the frequency
range 20 Hz to 100 kHz on heating runs with the rate 1.5 ◦C. The strength of the
a.c. and d.c. electric field changed from 3 V/cm up to 470 V/cm and from 0 up to
2 kV/cm, respectively. At d.c. field dependence, the measuring a.c. field was 3 V/cm.
3. Results
The increasing strength of a.c. electric field shifts the electric permittivity char-
acteristic towards lower temperatures (figure 1). However the effect of a.c. electric
field on the maximum value of electric permittivity and on the temperature of its
occurrence is negligible. D.c. electric field reduces electric permittivity in the tem-
perature range from room up to about 280 ◦C and slightly suppresses the frequency
dispersion (especially below the temperature about 200 ◦C, recognised as the tem-
perature point to the ferroelectric phase) (figures 2 and 3). At the temperature of
about 280 ◦C the d.c. effect is negligible. The d.c.-biasing also reduces the permittiv-
ity maximum (ǫmax) (especially at higher frequencies) (figure 3). However, the effect
of d.c. field on temperature of permittivity maximum (Tmax) is negligible. Also,
the dielectric losses were reduced and showed more clear maximum around 200 ◦C
connected with the appearance of the low-temperature ferroelectric state (figure 4).
D.c. dependence on dielectric losses is negligible about Tmax. The other effect of
the d.c.-biasing is the range of the bump on electric permittivity connected with
the ferroelectric phase formation occurrence, which expands several degrees toward
higher temperatures (figure 3). The similar results were obtained for NBT ceramic
under the applied axial pressure [8]. The considered shift in the electric permittivity
under d.c.-biasing is not possible to calculate due to the diffusion character of these
anomalies.
4. Discussion and conclusions
The effect of a.c. electric field on electric permittivity of NBT is different from
that for relaxor PMN [9-10]. For PMN this effect takes place below Tmax and is
much stronger than in NBT. For NBT however this effect takes place in the whole
temperature range and can be explained as a shift of ǫ(T)-function towards lower
temperatures. This behaviour of electric permittivity under a.c.-biasing can be the
result of specific coupling of mechanical stresses induced by the electrostrictive effect
and elastic properties of polar regions [6]. As it has been mentioned in the intro-
duction, the correlation radius of dynamically existing polar regions grows as the
temperature decreases and below about 280 ◦C these polar regions become stable.
The results of d.c.-biasing also point out this temperature as the characteristic one.
The increasing strength of d.c. electric field leads to the decrease of electric permit-
tivity and dielectric losses in the range from room temperature up to about 280 ◦C.
As the temperature increases the d.c. dependence of electric permittivity becomes
weaker and at the temperature of about 280 ◦C it is negligible. The ordering action of
d.c.electric field promotes the increase of polar regions and their junction to greater
651
J.Suchanicz
Figure 2. Temperature evolution of the electric permittivity of NBT ceramic with
the measuring frequencies of 0.2, 1, 4, and 10 kHz without (a) and with (b) d.c.
electric field.
Figure 3. Temperature evolution of
the electric permittivity of NBT ce-
ramic.
Figure 4. Temperature evolution of
the dielectric losses of NBT ceramic.
652
The effect of a.c and d.c electric field on NBT
complexes (especially at lower temperatures). The dielectric response (δP/δE) of
the objects of this type is weaker (electric permittivity is reduced). Simultaneously
the distribution of relaxation times is narrowing (contribution from relaxation pro-
cesses shifts itself to lower frequencies), which can lead to the observed suppressing
of frequency dispersion. As the temperature increases the results of the d.c.-biasing
become weaker, considering the decrease both of size of polar regions and its corre-
lation radius. At the temperature of about 280 ◦C, where the polar regions are no
more stable, the effect of d.c.-biasing is negligible. However, at temperatures around
Tmax relaxation phenomena can be connected with reorientation of unstable polar
regions and their wall motions. Using the d.c.electric field makes these processes
more difficult, which can lead to the observed reducing of the electric permittivity
in this temperature range. Because the maximum of electric permittivity in NBT
takes place at a comparatively high temperature (Tmax ≈320 ◦C), the contribution
of ionic polarization (especially at lower frequencies) should be expected. However
for the sample used in the present measurements for temperatures around Tmax the
dielectric losses are small (figure 4), which can be the evidence of good quality of
the ceramics.
References
1. Isupov V.A., Kruzina T.V. Same physical properties of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ferroelectric.
// Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Series of Physics, 1983, vol. 47, p. 616.
2. Sakata K., Masuda Y. Ferroelectric and antiferroelectric properties of
(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-SrTiO3 solid solution ceramics. // Ferroelectrics, 1974, vol. 7,
p. 347.
3. Isupov V.A., Pronin I.P., Kruzina T.V. Temperatura dependence of birefringence and
opalescence of the sodium-bismuth titanate crystals. // Ferroelectrics Letters, 1984,
vol. 2, p. 205.
4. Vakhrushev S.B., Isupov V.A., Kvyatkovsky B.E., Okuneva N.M., Pronin I.P., Smolen-
sky G.A., Syrnikov P.P. Phase trasition and soft modes in the sodium-bismuth ti-
tanate. // Ferroelectrics, 1985, vol. 63, p. 153.
5. Suchanicz J., Roleder K., Kwapulinski J., Jankowska-Sumara I. Dielectric and struc-
tural relaxation phenomena in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 single crystals. // Phase Transitions,
1996, vol. 57, p. 173.
6. Suchanicz J. Behaviour of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics in the a.c. electric field. // Ferro-
electrics, 1998 (to be published).
7. Smolensky G.A., Isupov V.A., Agranovskaya A.J., Krainik N.N. New ferroelectrics of
complete composition. // Fiz. Tv. Tela, 1960, vol. 11, p. 2982.
8. Molak A., Suchanicz J. Electric properties of ceramics Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 under axial
pressure. // Ferroelectrics, 1996, vol. 189, p. 53.
9. Glazounov A.E., Tagantsev A.K., Bell A.J. Effect of the electric field on the dielectric
permittivity of lead magnesium niobate relaxor. // Ferroelectrics, 1996 vol. 184, p. 217.
10. Tsurumi T., Soejima K., Kamiya T., Daimon M. Mechanism of diffuse phase transition
in relaxor ferroelectrics. // Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1994, vol. 33, p. 1959.
653
J.Suchanicz
Вплив постійного і змінного електричного поля на
діелектричні властивості кераміки Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3
Я.Суханіч
Інститут фізики та обчислювальної техніки,
Педагогічний університет,
Польща, 30-084 Краків, вул. Подхоронжих, 1
Отримано 31 серпня 1998 р.
Досліджено діелектричні властивості кераміки Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 як функ-
ції змінного і постійного електричного поля та температури. Збіль-
шення змінного електричного поля зсуває діелектричну проникність
в область нижчих температур, а постійне електричне поле зменшує
проникність і дещо придушує її частотну дисперсію. Ці ефекти мо-
жуть бути пов’язані з існуванням в НВТ полярних областей.
Ключові слова: сегнетоелектрик, НВТ
PACS: 77.22.-d, 77.22.Ch, 77.84.Dy
654
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-120585 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1607-324X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:24:32Z |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publisher | Інститут фізики конденсованих систем НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Suchanicz, J. 2017-06-12T11:55:19Z 2017-06-12T11:55:19Z 1999 The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic / J. Suchanicz // Condensed Matter Physics. — 1999. — Т. 2, № 4(20). — С. 649-654. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. 1607-324X DOI:10.5488/CMP.2.4.649 PACS: 77.22.-d, 77.22.Ch, 77.84.Dy https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/120585 The dielectric properties were studied for Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic as a function of a.c. electric field, d.c. electric field, frequency, and temperature. The increasing strength of a.c. electric field shifts the electric permittivity function towards lower temperatures. However, d.c. electric field reduces electric permittivity and slightly suppresses the frequency dispersion. These effects can be connected with the existence in NBT of polar regions. Досліджено діелектричні властивості кераміки Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ як функції змінного і постійного електричного поля та температури. Збільшення змінного електричного поля зсуває діелектричну проникність в область нижчих температур, а постійне електричне поле зменшує проникність і дещо придушує її частотну дисперсію. Ці ефекти можуть бути пов’язані з існуванням в НВТ полярних областей. en Інститут фізики конденсованих систем НАН України Condensed Matter Physics The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic Вплив постійного і змінного електричного поля на діелектричні властивості кераміки Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic Suchanicz, J. |
| title | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic |
| title_alt | Вплив постійного і змінного електричного поля на діелектричні властивості кераміки Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ |
| title_full | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic |
| title_fullStr | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic |
| title_short | The effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of Na₀.₅Bi₀.₅TiO₃ ceramic |
| title_sort | effect of a.c. and d.c. electric field on the dielectric properties of na₀.₅bi₀.₅tio₃ ceramic |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/120585 |
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