Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum
Thin films of new sulphur-terminated organic compounds were deposited by evaporation in vacuum onto the glass, silicone, gold and polytetrafluoroethylene substrates. The influence of compound chemical structure and substrate type on morphology of the condensed solid was studied using atomic force mi...
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2015
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| Cite this: | Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum / K.P. Grytsenko, P.M. Lytvyn, T.P. Doroshenko, Yu.V. Kolomzarov, J.L. Bricks, V.V. Kurdyukov, Yu.L. Slominskii, O.I. Tolmachev // Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics. — 2015. — Т. 18, № 4. — С. 433-437. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — англ. |
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1212702025-02-23T20:09:31Z Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum Grytsenko, K.P. Lytvyn, P.M. Doroshenko, T.P. Kolomzarov, Yu.V. Bricks, J.L. Kurdyukov, V.V. Slominskii, Yu.L. Tolmachev, O.I. Thin films of new sulphur-terminated organic compounds were deposited by evaporation in vacuum onto the glass, silicone, gold and polytetrafluoroethylene substrates. The influence of compound chemical structure and substrate type on morphology of the condensed solid was studied using atomic force microscopy. The significant difference in morphology of the same dye but deposited on various substrates was found. 2015 Article Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum / K.P. Grytsenko, P.M. Lytvyn, T.P. Doroshenko, Yu.V. Kolomzarov, J.L. Bricks, V.V. Kurdyukov, Yu.L. Slominskii, O.I. Tolmachev // Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics. — 2015. — Т. 18, № 4. — С. 433-437. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — англ. 1560-8034 DOI: 10.15407/spqeo18.04.433 PACS 81.07.-b, 81.16.-c https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/121270 en Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics application/pdf Інститут фізики напівпровідників імені В.Є. Лашкарьова НАН України |
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Thin films of new sulphur-terminated organic compounds were deposited by evaporation in vacuum onto the glass, silicone, gold and polytetrafluoroethylene substrates. The influence of compound chemical structure and substrate type on morphology of the condensed solid was studied using atomic force microscopy. The significant difference in morphology of the same dye but deposited on various substrates was found. |
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Grytsenko, K.P. Lytvyn, P.M. Doroshenko, T.P. Kolomzarov, Yu.V. Bricks, J.L. Kurdyukov, V.V. Slominskii, Yu.L. Tolmachev, O.I. |
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Grytsenko, K.P. Lytvyn, P.M. Doroshenko, T.P. Kolomzarov, Yu.V. Bricks, J.L. Kurdyukov, V.V. Slominskii, Yu.L. Tolmachev, O.I. Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics |
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Grytsenko, K.P. Lytvyn, P.M. Doroshenko, T.P. Kolomzarov, Yu.V. Bricks, J.L. Kurdyukov, V.V. Slominskii, Yu.L. Tolmachev, O.I. |
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Grytsenko, K.P. |
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Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum |
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Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum |
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Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum |
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Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum |
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Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum |
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morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum |
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Інститут фізики напівпровідників імені В.Є. Лашкарьова НАН України |
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Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits condensed on different substrates in vacuum / K.P. Grytsenko, P.M. Lytvyn, T.P. Doroshenko, Yu.V. Kolomzarov, J.L. Bricks, V.V. Kurdyukov, Yu.L. Slominskii, O.I. Tolmachev // Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics. — 2015. — Т. 18, № 4. — С. 433-437. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — англ. |
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Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics |
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Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2015. V. 18, N 4. P. 433-437.
doi: 10.15407/spqeo18.04.433
© 2015, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
433
PACS 81.07.-b, 81.16.-c
Morphology of sulphur-terminated compound deposits
condensed on different substrates in vacuum
K.P. Grytsenko
1
*, P.M. Lytvyn
1
, T.P. Doroshenko
1
, Yu.V. Kolomzarov
1
,
J.L. Bricks
2
, V.V. Kurdyukov
2
,Yu.L. Slominskii
2
, O.I. Tolmachev
2
1
V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine,
2
Institute of Organic Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 5, Murmanska str., 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine,
*Corresponding author: +38(044) 5255530; e-mail: d.grytsenko@gmail.com
Abstract. Thin films of new sulphur-terminated organic compounds were deposited by
evaporation in vacuum onto the glass, silicone, gold and polytetrafluoroethylene
substrates. The influence of compound chemical structure and substrate type on
morphology of the condensed solid was studied using atomic force microscopy. The
significant difference in morphology of the same dye but deposited on various substrates
was found.
Keywords: dye, gold, polytetrafluoroethylene, film, nanowire, self-assembly.
Manuscript received 12.05.15; revised version received 06.08.15; accepted for
publication 28.10.15; published online 03.12.15.
1. Introduction
The design of optic and electronic chips with nano-sized
active units needs methods for creation of such nano-
sized domains in the multilayered systems of different
materials. The self-assembly method seems perspective
especially in the field of fast growing organic electro-
nics. But for self-assembly, organic compounds with
special properties are necessary, taking into account not
only molecule active function, but also different sticking
probability on the various materials of the chip. In some
cases, the ability of the molecules to form organized
domains is necessary, while in other cases, when the
smooth uniform film is required, this ability have to be
avoided. The understanding of the influential factors to
control deposit morphology to produce smooth thin film
or nano-sized islands and nanowires with predetermined
optical properties have been recognized as important
scientific knowledge [1-4]. In the systems with gold
electrodes, STOC are used for creation of self-assembled
functional deposits [5]. Wet methods are mainly used for
deposits manufactoring. Production of the oriented
organic films by deposition in vacuum using hydrogen
bonding between molecules was reported in [6]. The
same STOC were used there. But no systematic studies
of deposit morphology for STOC evapored on solid
surfaces were found out.
The aim of this research is to study the influence of
the substrate material and sulphur-terminated organic
molecule chemical structure on morphology of the solids
deposited by evaporation in vacuum.
2. Experimental details
The structures of the series of conjugated STOC, bearing
thiocarbonyl terminal groups are presented in Fig. 1.
Their general formula is as follows: donor-(-system)-
acceptor-sulphur.
The types of STOC include: 1 – hemisquaraine 3-
butoxy-4-thioxo-2-((1,3,3-trimethylindolin-2-ylidene)
methyl) cyclobut-2-enone (HSq); 2 – nullmethine mero-
cyanines derivative of dihydropyridine containing thio-
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2015. V. 18, N 4. P. 433-437.
doi: 10.15407/spqeo18.04.433
© 2015, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
434
barbituric acid residue 5-(2,6-dimethyl-1-phenylpyri-
din-4(1H)-ylidene)-1,3-diethyl-2-thioxodihydropyrimi-
dine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (NMMS); 3 – nullmethine mero-
cyanines derivative of pyrane containing thiobarbituric
acid residue 5-(2,6-dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene)-1,3-
diphenyl-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
(NMMS2); 4 – 2-butyl-1,3-dimethylcyclohepta[c]pyr-
role-6(2H)-thione (BDCPT). 5 – 5-[4-(dimethylamino)
benzylidene]-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one (DBTT).
6 – 2-thioxo-5-[2-(1,4,4-trimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-
quinolinylidene)ethylidene]-1,3-thiazoli-din-4-one 5-
(2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quino-lin-9-
ylmethylene)-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one (TTDQE).
5-{[5-(diethylamino)-2-thienyl]methylene}-2-thioxo-
1,3-thiazolidin-4-one (DTMTT).
Synthesis of HSq was described in [7]. NMMS
have been synthesized using conventional organic che-
mistry synthetic approaches: NMMS2 – by condensation
of 2,6-dimethyl-γ-pyrone with substituted thiobarbituric
acid; NMMS – by the aniline treatment of dye analogue
of NMMS2 [8]. Preparation of BDCPT was described in
[9]. Merocyanines DBTT, TTDQE and DTMTT are the
rhodanine derivatives. They were prepared by conden-
sation of the corresponding aldehydes with 2-thioxo-
thiazolidin-4-one under standard conditions – by heating
of reagents in polar solvent in the presence of organic
base [10]. The structures of all dyes were confirmed by
1
H NMR spectra and elemental analysis.
The infrared spectra (IRS) of STOC were measured
using Bruker Vertex 70 FTIR-spectrometer. For IRS
measurements, the STOC powder was mixed with KBr
powder and pressed in a disc.
Films were deposited using UVN-74 and VUP-5
(made in Ukraine) vacuum installations. Starting pres-
sure in the chambers was 10
–3
Pa. Optical spectra of the
growing films on rotating glass disc were recorded in
situ. Deposition was finished when the film transmission
reach nearby 50% at the absorption band maximum on
glass substrate. The films were deposited on Au, glass
and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) surfaces simultane-
ously in one run. PTFE films were deposited by decom-
position of the bulk PTFE pellets and activation of the
gasses with cloud of accelerated electrons. STOC and
Au were evaporated from thermally heated crucibles.
Details of the deposition processes can be found else-
where [11, 12]. Film morphology and thickness were
studied with atomic force microscope (AFM) Nanoscope
IIIa Dimension 3000™ at room temperature in the tapping
mode.
3. Results and discussion
In IRS of STOC, the C=S stretching frequencies have
been compared with the corresponding frequencies for
1,3-diethylthiobarbituric acid.
Table. The STOC C=S stretching frequencies of
infrared spectra.
HSq NMMS NMMS2
BDCPT DBTT TTDQE
NH
S
N
O
S
DTMTT
Fig. 1. Structures of the sulphur-terminated evaporable organic compounds.
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2015. V. 18, N 4. P. 433-437.
doi: 10.15407/spqeo18.04.433
© 2015, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
435
Fig. 3. DBTT on glass (a), PTFE (b), Au (c); NMMS on glass (d), PTFE (e), Au (f); NMM2 on glass (g), PTFE (h), Au (i).
Compound ν C=S, cm
–1
HSq 1523, 1269, 1060
NMMS 1477, 1365, 1104
NMMS2 1468, 1353, 973
BDCPT 1581, 1384, 1070
1,3-diethylthiobarbituric acid 1434, 1257, 1106
Comparison of the measured values of frequencies,
presented in the Table, revealed that the thiocarbonyl
group in all STOC is polarized like that in the 1,3-
diethylthiobarbituric acid. Thus, it is possible to assume
that these compounds could interact with Au surface.
The AFM images of the Au, glass and PTFE
surfaces with condensed deposits of different STOC are
presented in Figs. 2–6. Several STOC produced deposits
Fig. 2. HSq on glass surface.
of island type on all the substrates, for example, HSq
(Fig. 2). Some STOC produced almost the same
morphology on all the substrates used. Many other
STOC produced the most smooth film on Au substrate,
while on PTFE and glass they produced drops, bricks
and the like large units [13]. The island deposit, formed
on glass substrate, should be more uniform than that
formed on PTFE surface, taking into account that the
surface energy of PTFE is lower than the surface energy
of glass. But in our experiments, the aggregates with
largest size were formed on glass surface and the smooth
films were formed on Au surface with DBTT, NMMS,
NMMS2 and BDCPT STOC (Figs. 3 and 4). In some
rare cases, the smallest aggregates were formed on PTFE
surface, while the larger islands were formed on the Au
surface, for example, with DTMTT and TTDQE (Figs. 5
and 6). The general rule for smooth film is that
interaction of dye molecule with substrate surface should
be stronger than intermolecular interaction, while for
aggregates formation the rule is vice versa. But it is true
only at the first surface layer of the STOC. The next
layers are free of the substrate influence. The structure of
these layers is determined by order ignited by first
surface STOC layer and equilibrium structure of STOC
itself.
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2015. V. 18, N 4. P. 433-437.
doi: 10.15407/spqeo18.04.433
© 2015, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
436
Fig. 4. BDCPT on glass, PTFE and Au (a, b, c, corres-
pondingly).
Fig. 5. DTMTT on glass (a), PTFE (b), Au (c).
Fig. 6. TTDQE on PTFE (a), Au (b).
Fig. 7. DTMTT on Au.
Fig. 8. Organic nanowires on Si surface between two gold
strips.
The DTMTT formed elongated aggregates like
dendrites on the Au surface, depending on deposition
technology (Fig. 7). The several STOC with a most
different organization on glass, Au and PTFE with
inclination to form elongated aggregates were chosen for
further researches of self-assembly in multi-layered
systems. The same compounds with new chemical
structure formed nanowires between gold strips on
silicone and on PTFE surfaces (Fig. 8). Here, formation
of nanowire lying on silicone surface but with both ends
attached to gold surfaces was influenced by interplay of
interactions with three materials of the system. First, it is
the nanowire, grown between two gold strips due to self-
Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2015. V. 18, N 4. P. 433-437.
doi: 10.15407/spqeo18.04.433
© 2015, V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
437
assembly. In researches made before, the second end of
nanowire is loose [14, 15]. The additional efforts are
necessary to connect loose end with another material
surface.
4. Conclusions
Many evaporable sulphur-terminated organic com-
pounds have been found out. The compounds form
deposits with various morphology on different
substrates. By modification of chromophore groups with
various ends and side groups, it is possible to control
deposit morphology, thus to make possible the self-
assembly of the nano-sized organized units or, vice
versa, to form the smooth and uniform film. Self-
assembled organic nanowires have been obtained on the
silicone surface between two gold strips.
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