Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles
The spin kinetics data of ³He in contact with PrF₃ and LaF₃ nanosized powders are reported. All experiments have been carried out by pulse NMR methods at temperature 1.5 K. The analysis of obtained data testifies in favor of cross-relaxation presence in the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation data, whic...
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Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України
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| Цитувати: | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles / E.M. Alakshin, R.R. Gazizulin, A.M. Gazizulina, A.V. Klochkov, S.B. Orlinskii,
 A.A. Rodionov, T.R. Safin, K.R. Safiullin, M.S. Tagirov, M.Yu. Zakharov // Физика низких температур. — 2015. — Т. 41, № 1. — С. 62-64. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860266812556443648 |
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| author | Alakshin, E.M. Gazizulin, R.R. Gazizulina, A.M. Klochkov, A.V. Orlinskii, S.B. Rodionov, A.A. Safin, T.R. Safiullin, K.R. Tagirov, M.S. Zakharov, M.Yu. |
| author_facet | Alakshin, E.M. Gazizulin, R.R. Gazizulina, A.M. Klochkov, A.V. Orlinskii, S.B. Rodionov, A.A. Safin, T.R. Safiullin, K.R. Tagirov, M.S. Zakharov, M.Yu. |
| citation_txt | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles / E.M. Alakshin, R.R. Gazizulin, A.M. Gazizulina, A.V. Klochkov, S.B. Orlinskii,
 A.A. Rodionov, T.R. Safin, K.R. Safiullin, M.S. Tagirov, M.Yu. Zakharov // Физика низких температур. — 2015. — Т. 41, № 1. — С. 62-64. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Физика низких температур |
| description | The spin kinetics data of ³He in contact with PrF₃ and LaF₃ nanosized powders are reported. All experiments have been carried out by pulse NMR methods at temperature 1.5 K. The analysis of obtained data testifies in favor of cross-relaxation presence in the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation data, which takes place between ³He and ¹⁴¹Pr nuclei.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T19:01:25Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
Low Temperature Physics/Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2015, v. 41, No. 1, pp. 62–64
Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between
adsorbed 3He and PrF3 nanoparticles
E.M. Alakshin, R.R. Gazizulin, A.M. Gazizulina, A.V. Klochkov, S.B. Orlinskii,
A.A. Rodionov, T.R. Safin, K.R. Safiullin, M.S. Tagirov, and M.Yu. Zakharov
Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya str., Kazan 420008, Russia
E-mail: alexander.klochkov@kpfu.ru
Received September 16, 2014, published online November 24, 2014
The spin kinetics data of 3He in contact with PrF3 and LaF3 nanosized powders are reported. All experiments
have been carried out by pulse NMR methods at temperature 1.5 K. The analysis of obtained data testifies in fa-
vor of cross-relaxation presence in the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation data, which takes place between 3He and
141Pr nuclei.
PACS: 67.30.E– Normal phase of 3He;
67.30.er Magnetic properties, NMR;
67.30.ht Restricted geometries;
61.43.Gt Powders, porous materials.
Keywords: 3He, nuclear magnetic resonance, nanoparticles, low temperatures, PrF3, Van Vleck paramagnets,
cross-relaxation, magnetic coupling.
Introduction
Direct transfer of nuclear magnetization trough the in-
terface between liquid 3He and solid substrate is a fun-
damental effect discovered in 1980s. First observation of
magnetic dipole interaction between the nuclear spins of
liquid 3He and 19F nuclei in 3He-polytetrafluoroethylene
(DLX-6000) system has been reported by Richardson et al.
[1]. Further investigations revealed such coupling between
several substrates and in different spin-systems in contact
with 3He [2–6]. For an existence of this effect it is neces-
sary to have the Zeeman energy level splitting of 3He to be
equal to that of the substrate nuclei.
The possibility of using dielectric Van Vleck paramag-
nets for dynamic nuclear polarization of 3He via direct
magnetic coupling between Van Vleck ion and 3He nuclei
was suggested earlier [7]. Later on the cross-relaxation
between 141Pr nuclei of PrF3 crystalline powder and liquid
3He was observed by authors [8]. Typical dimensions of
sample powder particles were tens of micrometers in re-
ported experiments.
Decreasing of particles sizes to the order of nanometers
shortens the nuclear spin diffusion times over the crystal
lattice. Shorter spin diffusion times should provide faster
spin-temperature equilibrium achievement over whole spin
system during the time of the experiment. Also, the transi-
tion from micro- to nanometers PrF3 particles sizes signi-
fycantly increases the surface area, which should increase
efficiency of the magnetic coupling between 3He nuclei
and the solid state substrate nuclei.
The main goal of present work is to show the presence
of cross-relaxation in the 3He spin kinetics data in contact
with PrF3 nanosized powders.
Results and discussion
Crystalline nanodimensional powders of Van Vleck
paramagnet PrF3 and its diamagnetic analogue LaF3 were
used as samples. They were synthesized by a method well-
described in [9,10]. To synthesize samples with different
particles sizes microwave irradiation of colloidal solution
was used [11].
The set of samples includes nonradiated and 20 minutes
microwave irradiated ones: sample 1 — nonradiated PrF3
(average particles size (21±9) nm), sample 2 — irradiated
PrF3 (average particles size (31±10) nm), sample 3 — non-
radiated LaF3 (average particles size (21±7) nm) and sample
4 — irradiated LaF3 (average particles size (31±7) nm).
These samples were investigated by x-ray analysis,
high-resolution transmission electronics microscopy, nu-
clear magnetic and nuclear pseudoquadrupole resonance
methodics [12–14]. The following results were achieved:
© E.M. Alakshin, R.R. Gazizulin, A.M. Gazizulina, A.V. Klochkov, S.B. Orlinskii, A.A. Rodionov, T.R. Safin, K.R. Safiullin, M.S. Tagirov, and
M.Y. Zakharov, 2015
Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed 3He and PrF3 nanoparticles
the crystal structure changing by microwave irradiation has
been observed; water clusters have been discovered in the
internal cavities of the nanoparticles; the parameters of the
nuclear spin Hamiltonian have been determined; relaxation
times of 19F, 141Pr and 3He were investigated.
It was shown earlier [10,12] that relaxation of the longi-
tudinal magnetization of 3He nuclei in contact with PrF3
in external magnetic field occurs through two channels:
a high-field relaxation due to the 3He atoms motion in lo-
cal field inhomogeneities and low-field relaxation via ad-
sorbed layer. The relaxation of 3He nuclei in contact with
LaF3 samples is supposed to avoid the effect of local mag-
netic field inhomogeneities and absence of high-field re-
laxation mechanism.
The experiments on 3He relaxation times were carried
out by a home-build pulse nuclear magnetic resonance
spectrometer [15]. The spin–lattice relaxation times were
measured by the “saturation–recovery” technique and mea-
surement of the amplitude of the free induction decay sig-
nal after 90° rf pulse. The temperature of 1.5 K in the ex-
perimental cell was reached by pumping of liquid helium
vapors from the cryostat. The magnetic field dependence
of the 3He spin–lattice relaxation times in contact with
LaF3 nanoparticles for various 3He aggregate states has
been obtained and is shown in Fig. 1.
It is clearly seen that the longitudinal relaxation time of
3He nuclei changes linearly with the value of the external
magnetic field. And the relaxation rates strongly depend on
the amount of 3He in the experimental cell. This fact
proves that the relaxation occurs through the adsorbed lay-
er [16–18].
Observed values of T1 relaxation times of 3He nuclei in
the gaseous and liquid phases are in a good agreement with
the consideration that the magnetic relaxation times are
proportional to the 3He relaxation times in the adsorbed
layer and to the ratio of total number of 3He spins to the
number in the layer:
1 1 0 / ,S ST T N N= (1)
where T1 — longitudinal magnetization recovery time,
T1S — longitudinal magnetization recovery time for ad-
sorbed layer, N0 — total number of 3He spins, NS — num-
ber of 3He spins in the adsorbed layer.
Magnetic field dependence of the 3He longitudinal mag-
netization relaxation rate in the adsorbed layer on the sur-
face of all samples at 1.5 K temperature is shown in Fig. 2.
The difference of 3He relaxation rates in contact with
PrF3 between samples 1 and 2 was explained by size effect
and described in [12]. Also, a qualitative model of the
magnetic relaxation of 3He by two relaxation mechanisms,
describing the experimental results has been proposed.
It is well seen from Fig. 2 that 3He spin–lattice relaxa-
tion rates are different for various samples. In the case of
PrF3 the rates exceed ones for LaF3 case by order of mag-
nitude. As was described above, the high-field relaxation
mechanism exists due to the 3He atoms motion in local
field inhomogeneities, which are almost negligible in case
of LaF3 samples.
Comparison of longitudinal magnetization relaxation
rates of the adsorbed layer 3He nuclei in contact with LaF3
and PrF3 without high-field mechanism contribution
should provide additional information on the nature of re-
laxation processes.
Magnetic field dependence of the 3He longitudinal
magnetization relaxation rate in the adsorbed layer on the
surface of samples 1 and 3 at 1.5 K temperature is shown
in Fig. 3 (for sample 1 high-field mechanism was deducted
from experimental data).
Obviously the 3He relaxation rate by Cowan’s relaxa-
tion mechanism [16,17] in adsorbed layer of 3He in both
Fig. 1. Magnetic field dependence of the relaxation time of
the longitudinal magnetization of the 3He nuclei in the systems
LaF3–adsorbed 3He (a), LaF3–gas phase 3He (b) and LaF3–liquid
3He (c) at a temperature of 1.5 K. Solid lines are eye-guide of the
experimental data.
100 200 300 400 500 6000
200
400
600
800
1000
(c)
(b)
Gas He3
T
1,
m
s
(a)
B0, mT
LaF Sample 4 = 1.5 K3, , T
Adsorbed He3
Liquid 3He
Fig. 2. Magnetic field dependence of the longitudinal magnetiza-
tion relaxation rate of the adsorbed layer 3He nuclei in contact with
LaF3 (circles) and PrF3 (triangles) at the temperature of 1.5 K.
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
PrF , sample 13
PrF , sample 23
LaF , sample 33
LaF , sample 43
B0, mT
Adsorbed He = 1.5 K3 T
T–1
–1
1
, s
Low Temperature Physics/Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2015, v. 41, No. 1 63
E.M. Alakshin et al.
cases should have comparable magnitude. Unexpectedly,
the longitudinal relaxation of 3He is significantly faster in
case of PrF3. This can be an evidence of the existence of
additional mechanism, which can be the cross-relaxation
between 3He and 141Pr nuclei.
Anisotropy of effective gyromagnetic ratio of 141Pr nu-
clei (nuclear spin I = 5/2) in PrF3, quadrupole and pseu-
doquadrupole interactions leads to a fact that similar transi-
tion frequencies between 141Pr and 3He nuclear energy
levels can be obtained at certain directions and a certain
magnitude of an external magnetic field with respect to the
crystallographic axes of the sample particles.
The intensity of the NMR signal of 141Pr in the undi-
rected PrF3 powder at the Larmor frequency of 3He [8] is
inserted to the plot on Fig. 3. The efficiency of cross-re-
laxation will be proportional to the intensity of the 141Pr NMR
signal. Indeed, there is a slight correlation between cross-
relaxation efficiency and experimental data for 3He–PrF3 na-
nosized crystalline powder system.
Conclusion
The spin kinetics data of 3He in contact with PrF3 and
LaF3 nanosized powders are reported. The analysis of ob-
tained data testifies in favor of cross-relaxation presence in
the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation data, which takes place
between 3He and 141Pr nuclei.
Authors are grateful to S.L. Korableva for help with
sample synthesis. The work is performed according to the
Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of
Kazan Federal University, partly supported by the Russian
Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 12–02–97048-
r_povolzhie_a) and by the Ministry of Education and Sci-
ence of the Russian Federation (project no. 02.G25.31.0029).
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Fig. 3. Magnetic field dependence of the longitudinal magnetiza-
tion relaxation rate of the adsorbed layer 3He nuclei in contact
with LaF3 (circles, sample 3) and PrF3 (squares, sample 1) with
the deduction of the relaxation in inhomogeneous magnetic field
at the temperature of 1.5 K. The solid line qualitatively displays
efficiency of cross-relaxation between 141Pr and 3He nuclei,
based on calculated intensity of the NMR signal of 141Pr in
the undirected PrF3 powder at the Larmor frequency of 3He [8].
100 200 300 400 500 600
50
100
150
200
250
T–1
–1
1
, s
PrF3
LaF3
B0, mT
64 Low Temperature Physics/Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur, 2015, v. 41, No. 1
http://arxiv.org/abs/1104.0208
Introduction
Results and discussion
Conclusion
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-122018 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0132-6414 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T19:01:25Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Alakshin, E.M. Gazizulin, R.R. Gazizulina, A.M. Klochkov, A.V. Orlinskii, S.B. Rodionov, A.A. Safin, T.R. Safiullin, K.R. Tagirov, M.S. Zakharov, M.Yu. 2017-06-25T19:43:02Z 2017-06-25T19:43:02Z 2015 Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles / E.M. Alakshin, R.R. Gazizulin, A.M. Gazizulina, A.V. Klochkov, S.B. Orlinskii,
 A.A. Rodionov, T.R. Safin, K.R. Safiullin, M.S. Tagirov, M.Yu. Zakharov // Физика низких температур. — 2015. — Т. 41, № 1. — С. 62-64. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ. 0132-6414 67.30.E, 67.30.er, 67.30.ht, 61.43.Gt https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/122018 The spin kinetics data of ³He in contact with PrF₃ and LaF₃ nanosized powders are reported. All experiments have been carried out by pulse NMR methods at temperature 1.5 K. The analysis of obtained data testifies in favor of cross-relaxation presence in the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation data, which takes place between ³He and ¹⁴¹Pr nuclei. Authors are grateful to S.L. Korableva for help with sample synthesis. The work is performed according to the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University, partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 12–02–97048r_povolzhie_a) and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project no. 02.G25.31.0029). en Фізико-технічний інститут низьких температур ім. Б.І. Вєркіна НАН України Физика низких температур Актуальные проблемы магнитного резонанса и его приложений: Анатоль Абрагам, Евгений Завойский, Казань Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles Alakshin, E.M. Gazizulin, R.R. Gazizulina, A.M. Klochkov, A.V. Orlinskii, S.B. Rodionov, A.A. Safin, T.R. Safiullin, K.R. Tagirov, M.S. Zakharov, M.Yu. Актуальные проблемы магнитного резонанса и его приложений: Анатоль Абрагам, Евгений Завойский, Казань |
| title | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles |
| title_full | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles |
| title_short | Comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³He and PrF₃ nanoparticles |
| title_sort | comments on the cross-relaxation effect between adsorbed ³he and prf₃ nanoparticles |
| topic | Актуальные проблемы магнитного резонанса и его приложений: Анатоль Абрагам, Евгений Завойский, Казань |
| topic_facet | Актуальные проблемы магнитного резонанса и его приложений: Анатоль Абрагам, Евгений Завойский, Казань |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/122018 |
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