Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv
In the article strategic priorities and recommendations concerning formation and development of sociallyoriented business-environment are substantiated; author’s concept on formation of a socially-oriented businessenvironment is offered, which is based on the definition of its system characteristics...
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| Опубліковано в: : | Економічний вісник Донбасу |
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| Дата: | 2013 |
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Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України
2013
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv / M.I. Melnyk // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2013. — № 4 (34). — С. 50–55. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860114583834853376 |
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| author | Melnyk, M.I. |
| author_facet | Melnyk, M.I. |
| citation_txt | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv / M.I. Melnyk // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2013. — № 4 (34). — С. 50–55. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Економічний вісник Донбасу |
| description | In the article strategic priorities and recommendations concerning formation and development of sociallyoriented business-environment are substantiated; author’s concept on formation of a socially-oriented businessenvironment is offered, which is based on the definition of its system characteristics, levels, principles, criteria, prerequisites. The development strategy of sociallyoriented business environment contains organizational and economic instruments promoting social responsibility and solidarity of business, government and society, and enhance the prestige of institutionalization of socially responsible standards of behavior of economic agents.
У статті обґрунтовано стратегічні пріоритети та рекомендації щодо формування і розвитку соціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища; запропонована авторська концепція формування соціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища, яка базується на визначенні його системних характеристик, рівнів, принципів, критеріїв, передумов розвитку. Стратегія розвитку соціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища містить організаційно-економічні інструменти стимулювання соціальної відповідальності та згуртованості бізнесу, держави і суспільства, підвищення престижу й інституціалізації соціально відповідальної культури поведінки економічних суб'єктів.
В статье ообоснованы стратегические приоритеты и рекомендации формирования и развития бизнес- среды; предложена авторская концепция формирования социально ориентированнойбизнес-среды, базирующаяся на определении его системных характеристик, основных уровней, принципов, критериев, предпосылок развития. Стратегия развития социально ориентированной бизнес-среды содержит организационно-экономические инструменты стимулирования социальной ответственности и сплоченности бизнеса, государства и общества, повышения престижа и институционализации социально ответственной культуры поведения экономических субъектов.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:35:47Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
50
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
UDC 330.342.146:334.722(477)
M. I. Melnyk,
DrHab (Economics)
Institute of Regional Researches of NAS of Ukraine, Lviv
STRATEGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIALLY ORIENTED
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF LVIV
M. I. Melnyk
Statement and relevance of the problem.
Effective institutional organization of domestic business
environment, creation of civilized competitive conditions
for stable business entities’ activity, first of all, are particularly
important due to the strategic role of entrepreneurship in
the social and economic development of the country,
economic restructuring, saturation of the market by goods
and services, competitive environment maintenance, filling
of the budget, creating jobs, middle class formation etc.
Second, the incompleteness and inconsistency of public
policy of economic activities regulation, especially
counteraction to such deformations of institutional
business environment as corruption, raiding, shadow
economy and economic crime are the obstacles to the
entrepreneurial capacity maximal usage and development.
Third, formal institutions of the business environment
were created in Ukraine through the import of the most
liberal rules and regulations of developed countries, while
informal institutions of business ethics, fair competition,
socially responsible behaviour and entrepreneurial culture
requires the gradual institutionalization. Changes in the
relationship between business and society through the
formation of socially oriented business environment is
determined by the elimination of the institutional
deformations under the conditions of the increasing role
of intangible factors of economic growth, which are
associated with the development of human, intellectual
and social capital, as well as the lack of budgetary
resources for adequate social and economic policy.
Domestic reforms of 90-ies of the last century were
carried out according to the liberal market economy
model, where the central figure is the “economic man”
with rational and selfish behaviour of personal interests'
achievement. This to some extent has led to the
deformation of the business social role, moreover the
values and moral guidelines changes were not accompanied
by the emergence of new socially attractive ideas of
society cohesion. National economy development on the
basis of business environment social orientation is possible
within the social agreement between government,
business and society that guarantees the rights and
responsibilities of economic agents’ maintenance and will
stimulate their socially responsible behaviour.
The main material. Socially oriented business
environment is determined as the system of institutional
preconditions, factors, values and mechanisms of legal,
political, economic, social and cultural nature that promote
the socially responsible business culture behaviour and
increase the degree of solidarity around the interests of
social development. In its turn, social responsibility to
society is the system of requirements, rules and regulations
of business community, companies’ and individual
businesses' behaviour, which is focused on the production
of quality products and services for consumers, creation
of decent jobs, payment of official salaries, investments
in human capacity, compliance with tax, labour,
environmental legislation, efficient business conduction
for creation of added value and contribution to the civil
society development through the partnership projects and
programs for the local community development. Social
cohesion as the ability to cooperate for the implementation
of public purposes serves as the factor of knowledge,
skills and experience consolidation. The higher level of
business environment social cohesion ensures the better
long-term opportunities for unpopular but economically
crucial structural reforms implementation.
Socially oriented business environment as a social
institution is a form of organization, management and
streamlining of public activity and behaviour of individuals
in society. As an economic institution it is a system of
rules and restrictions of behaviour in business activities.
Business assumes the obligation of market “failures”
compensation by their own resources in an ideal by
extending the values range in economic, social and ethical
aspects of activities.
Analysis of the socially responsible behaviour of
economic agents makes it possible to distinguish four
levels of socially-oriented business environment. On the
basic level of socially oriented business environment
formation business entities are carrying out the direct
obligations to the society and state regarding the fair
wages, timely payment of taxes, compliance with
standards of product quality, performance of contractual
obligations according to the institutionally enshrined
formal and informal rules and norms of behaviour.
Intermediate level is associated with institutional
consolidation through the mechanisms of stimulation and
revitalization of the business entities’ activities in the
direction of social services and investment in human
capital at the level of the workforce members. Regional
51
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
and national social programs, projects of state-private
partnership, participation in the development and
implementation of social and economic state and regional
policy, cooperation with non-profit organizations and
charity are included into the social investments objects
at the third level of the socially oriented business
environment. The highest level of socially oriented
business environment suggests the presence in the
domestic community of business associations and
organizations – the members of socially significant
projects not only internal, but of other countries through
the investment in humanitarian and environmental projects
of international and megaregional importance.
Institutionalization of socially oriented business
environment principles and criteria is based on: structuring
of the formal rules of social responsibility and cohesion,
their consolidation in the relevant laws and regulations
and informal conventional norms of economic relations
(contract culture, values systems, activities ethics, codes
of honour, dignity and traditions); mechanisms of the
goals and values system implementation for the stimulation
of the development of socially-oriented business
environment, public recognition of its necessity and
benefits.
The establishment of socially oriented business
environment institution is inextricably connected
with transplant dysfunctions that cause the following
socio-economic threats: incompatibility of the social
responsibility standards and business cohesion with
cultural traditions and established formal institutions of
the national economy leads to their atrophy, and
consequently, degeneration, mainly destructive; lack of
demand in society for new formal rules or their coercive
transplantation without adequate replacement generates
exclusion of certain norms and activation of alternative
in order to deviate from the accepted rules and principles
that provokes institutional “traps”.
Tax and administrative stimulation of socially
responsible behaviour and consumers support, including
through investing of savings in stocks of socially
responsible companies are currently among the
preconditions of socially oriented business environment
formation. The latter, in turn, gains competitive
advantages caused by the increase of demand for their
products and the ability to attract additional investments
and high-quality human capital. Expanding of the number
of socially responsible business entities reduces risks and
economic expenses of socially responsible behaviour,
contributes to the institutional foundations for new moral
and cultural norms and rules in the economic relations
socialization process. In return, the avoidance of
responsibility in solving social problems by business
entities leads to social polarization, exclusion (deprivation
of the access to social rights), destabilization and,
consequently, increase of tax burden on business. In other
words, socialization of business environment is the basic
requirement of business competitiveness increasing.
Conducted survey of Lviv city enterprises in 2011
showed that social responsibility policy is directed
primarily at their employees and customers. Socially
responsible activities are related to the development of
its own staff. Particularly, social investments were
attracted to its professional training, retraining and
professional development; the programs for the
improvement of organization and enrichment of the labour
content, labour safety and health protection of the
employees as well as health protection and safety of
consumers.
Social investment into programs of regional and
national importance, particularly in transport infrastructure
and landscaping are the least widespread. Investments in
social and environmental projects of international
importance are not practically conducted (Fig. 1). Less
than the third of the business entities have developed social
responsibility strategies approved by the mission and
behaviour codes. Herewith, the understanding of social
responsibility as a tool for the enterprises competitiveness
improvement is increasing, but their informational
openness to the public and the rate of cooperation with
other organizations in social programs development and
implementation still remains quite low.
The motives of moral and ethical nature (74.9%)
and internal principles of the company activities (50.1%)
are in the foreground among the key factors that motivate
companies to implement social responsibility activities
according to the research results at 2011. Such factors
as sales growth (23.4%), the desire to get ahead of the
socially responsible competitors (13.5%) and religious
reasons (16.7%) are quite significant.
An effective system of incentives, such as tax
preferences for socially responsible businesses, regulatory
burden of regional authorities reducing, positive
experience of social policies implementation of different
companies, public recognition and trust from the
authorities, consumers and communities are the main
incentives of social responsibility development and
formation of a socially oriented business environment
for the vast majority of respondents from Lviv enterprises
(Fig. 2). Significant obstacles of social investment remain
to be the following: lack of social investment funds, tax
burden, inadequate legal and regulatory framework for
the social responsibility promotion, incompleteness of
information and experience in the implementation of social
programs, insignificant public interest.
The process of socially oriented business
environment formation in the country is generally
M. I. Melnyk
52
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
complicated and constrained by the unsolved problems
and the effects of transition period, which are associated
with the following:
– social programs decrease and lack of social
infrastructure support;
– underestimation of the potential to improve
market position, competitiveness and economic efficiency
through the social investments and social policy by top
managers and business owners;
– spread of the shadow economic relations and
insufficient level of adherence to legal requirements,
which distorts the principles of social responsibility
beyond the fulfillment of the obligations on wages and
taxes;
– low level of organizational culture and business
ethics;
– inefficiency of trade unions activities in conditions
of lack of their status of an independent real participant in
the negotiations between business, government authorities
and employees;
– underdevelopment of civil society and social
partnership due to paternalistic treatment of workers that
is depriving them of independence and discourages the
development of corporate citizenship in partnership basis;
– the absence of scientifically based policy of
the socially oriented business environment formation,
including the mechanisms for social investment
stimulation;
– ineffectiveness of domestic macroeconomic
regulation system, which is manifested in imbalanced
direct and inverse economic relation and is aggravated
by the resistance of particular social groups’ representatives
(government officials, business and public associations)
with rent-seeking behavior model.
Strategy of the socially oriented business environment
formation includes the complex of organizational and
economic instruments for its implementation towards the
following strategic goals: the institutionalization of socially
responsible behavior norms of business (development and
implementation of proper legal regulations); satisfaction
of the social citizens needs; social cohesion of the
business, government and society; increasing of the
prestige of economic agents' socially responsible behavior;
justification of the public policy for social responsibility
stimulation.
Institutionalization of socially responsible business
behavior norms is the process of establishment of formal
institutions that regulate (provide) proper behavior
M. I. Melnyk
0,1
17,2
22,8
28,7
30,7
31,6
32,4
35,1
39,8
65,7
70,4
82,3
-5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
Investment in the social and ecological projects
of international importance
Social investment in the programs of regional and national
importance
Policy of the environmental pollut ion reduction
Invest ing of the programs of waste usage and disposal
Does n’t use the corruption ways of problems solution
Performs chari tab le act ivities
Pract ice of presenting open information about the
company’s activities
Application of th e principles of bus iness ethics and
fair competit ive behavior
Energy-saving technologies introd ucing
Implementation of the programs to improve the organ ization and
enrichment of the essence of labor and labor safety
Products quality improving in order to protect
the health and safety of consumers
Own s taff development
(investment in i ts professional training and retraining)
Fig. 1. Distribution of answers to the question
“Which of the following social responsibility activities your company introduces?”, % of respondents *
* Source: own research
53
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
of business entities and complementary to them
informal voluntary agreements, “game rules”, behavior
stereotypes, business activities traditions and contractual
relationships. Gradual replacement of inefficient
informal institutions by the legitimate standards ensures
the transformation of economic actors’ spontaneous
behavior to the predictable one, which is based on the
institutional field expansion, achieving of synchronization
of the institutions functioning, localization of economic
uncertainty as well as institutionalizing of the mechanisms
of interaction between business and the state. The main
purpose of the informal norms transformation into the
institutional is the stable economic development, because
the forecasted rate of economic growth is correlated
with the formal rules and regulations development as
well as with the satisfaction of public demand for them,
which also provides a more localized informal activity.
Particularly, the most effective way of combating ’illegal
shadow economy is the legalization of shadow capital
and assets that will surely provide economic growth
through more efficient allocation of financial resources
and eliminating of their illegal restrictions. Thus, the
process of informal institutions displacement by the
legitimate standards ensures the predictability of the
business entities' economic behavior in the business
environment.
In our opinion, the same named conception and law
should become the consolidating regulatory, legal and
institutional framework of the socially-oriented business
environment development under the current civilization
requirements. However, the following fact remains: laws
can be perfectly and properly prescribed, but the desired
result from their adoption can not be achieved without
the organizational, contractual and business culture and
ethics as well as without the elimination of the informal
nature negatives in economic relations.
As for the second strategic goal of the socially
oriented business environment formation – the satisfaction
of citizens’ social needs – taking into account the
importance of higher stage of business positioning in
society for meeting its social needs the domestic
enterprises should replace its mostly charitable activity
and one-time donations by the substantiated corporate
social policy, developed strategy and social projects and
programs planning with evaluation of the implementation
results, i.e. to move to productive social investments.
Social investments gain more importance in the conditions
of the economic growth slowdown, because it is possible
to enhance the competitive positions through the
preservation and development of the human capital,
relationships with partners, improvement of the reputation
and prestige not only in economic but also in social space.
M. I. Melnyk
* Source: own research
Fig. 2. Distribution of answers on the question “What can encourage the socially responsible behavior
of your company and the formation of socially oriented business environment?”, % of respondents *
13,2
17,4
18,1
19,5
21,7
23,5
25,9
36,1
49,6
77,3
0 20 40 60
Maintenance of National register of socially
responsible enterprises
Promotion of social responsibilities ideas through
the programs of business support, social
Introduction of social responsibility practice into
the academic programs of business-schools and
Creation of social programs and projects
informational bank
Popularization of business entities’ responsible
behavior in the mass media
Development of infrastructure of socially
responsible and well-consolidated business
Public recognition and trust of authorities,
consumers and society
Positive examples of social policy introduction by
different enterprises
Decrease of regulating pressure of regional
executive authorities
Efficient system of stimulation (including tax
incentives) of socially responsible enterprises
54
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
Social investments may have an internal nature that
means their focusing on the enterprise for enhancing of
the competency, health, labor safety, safety conditions,
corporate culture, etc., and external nature – landscaping,
environmental protection, housing and communal services,
social support and protection of certain population groups,
support and development of health care, education,
culture, etc.
Social cohesion is ensured through the
institutionalization of effective mechanisms for
coordination of interests and strategic goals of
government, business and society (lobbying, social and
public-private partnerships, social marketing and
fundraising, charity, sponsorship, patronage and social
welfare), which serves as the basis for absorption of
new social, ecological and management technologies,
resolving of contradiction at the macro, meso and micro
levels and implementation of the unpopular but important
for the development of the national economy, industries,
sectors, and regions structural reforms and corresponding
to them institutional transformations.
Institutional support of the public-private
partnership efficiency in Ukraine as one of the
institutions of social cohesion requires a systematic
approach in taking into account the public tasks of
governmental authorities, international experience in
various forms of partnership implementation, factors
that influence its effectiveness and effective functioning
barriers. Main factors that ensure the effectiveness
of public-private partnership are the following:
understanding of the importance and institutional support
of private sector participation in the social projects
implementation, transparent governmental authorities
activities to justify the cooperation perspectives, evaluate
the opportunities of the potential private partners and
their competitive selection with ensuring of maximum
level of competition between them, the common
approaches usage for the partnership management,
calculation of costs, revenues and risks. The main
barriers to the effective functioning of the public-private
partnership in Ukraine are the imperfect and incomplete
legal support for its implementation, regulatory policy
instability, lack of initiative from the government
authorities to implement partnerships, inequivalence of
financial support for the private partner, allocation of
functions and risks.
Socially responsible behavior prestige increasing is
possible through its promotion in the media, business
encouragement programs, competitions of social business
projects, exhibitions, awards, implementation of public
service announcements projects, maintenance of National
Register of socially responsible companies and their social
policies effectiveness comparison.
Conclusions. State policy of the social responsibility
stimulation should include the establishment of the
following mechanisms:
– of open, constructive and equitable dialog of
business with social groups, state and local authorities,
public organizations for the common solution of the
important social and economic problems and priorities
of the development; application of the procedures and
rules for the social groups interests harmonization;
– of the approval of international, primarily
European, standards of corporate social responsibility;
– of the introduction of effective legal and
organizational support of the social investment stimulation
system;
– of the creation of conditions for business and
competition freedom, demonopolization of the economy,
development of the entrepreneurship self-regulation
mechanisms, public recognition of socially responsible
companies and their political and legal support at highly
competitive foreign markets;
– of the promotion of the ideas of socially oriented
business environment in higher and special education
systems (educational programs of business schools,
economics departments of higher education institutions)
and the public and non-profit organizations activities in
the media.
Possible economic instruments of the social
responsibility stimulation policy are the following: fiscal
stimulus through the expenses list expanding (into the
human capital and social investments development),
which may be included into the enterprises expenses;
exemption from the taxation of the part of profit that
goes to socially responsible projects (according to the
international experience these incentives are approximately
equal to 5% of before-tax profit); granting of regional
preferences to socially responsible businesses regarding
land acquisition and construction and the support through
the government orders system; state guaranteeing of loans;
relief from customs duty of the equipment import that is
oriented at social, energy-saving and ecologically safe
projects implementation and their promotion through the
institutional framework improving and public-private
partnerships activation.
Herewith, business entities surely should: perform
their social obligations entirely; predict the social
responsibility and social investment in business
development strategy as a prerequisite for the formation
of its innovation and long-term competitive advantages;
establish principles and standards of social responsibility
in the corporate management philosophy; practice and
share positive experiences and promote best traditions in
social responsibility and cohesion in social, professional
and expert audiences.
M. I. Melnyk
55
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
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Мельник М. І. Стратегія розвитку соціально-
орієнтованого бізнес-середовища м. Львова
У статті обґрунтовано стратегічні пріоритети
та рекомендації щодо формування і розвитку соціаль-
но орієнтованого бізнес-середовища; запропонована
авторська концепція формування соціально орієнто-
ваного бізнес-середовища, яка базується на визначенні
його системних характеристик, рівнів, принципів, кри-
теріїв, передумов розвитку. Стратегія розвитку со-
ціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища містить
організаційно-економічні інструменти стимулювання
соціальної відповідальності та згуртованості бізнесу,
держави і суспільства, підвищення престижу й інсти-
туціалізації соціально відповідальної культури поведі-
нки економічних суб'єктів.
Ключові слова: бізнес-середовище, соціальна
відповідальність і згуртованість, соціально орієнтова-
не бізнес-середовище, стратегія формування соціаль-
но орієнтованого бізнес-середовища.
Мельник М. И. Стратегия развития социаль-
но ориентированной бизнес-среды г. Львова
В статье ообоснованы стратегические приорите-
ты и рекомендации формирования и развития бизнес-
среды; предложена авторская концепция формирова-
ния социально ориентированной бизнес-среды, бази-
рующаяся на определении его системных характерис-
тик, основных уровней, принципов, критериев, пред-
посылок развития. Стратегия развития социально ори-
ентированной бизнес-среды содержит организацион-
но-экономические инструменты стимулирования со-
циальной ответственности и сплоченности бизнеса, го-
сударства и общества, повышения престижа и инсти-
туционализации социально ответственной культуры по-
ведения экономических субъектов.
Ключевые слова: бизнес-среда, социальная от-
ветственность и сплоченность, социально ориентиро-
ванная бизнес-среда, стратегия формирования соци-
ально ориентированной бизнес-среды.
Melnyk М. I. Strategy of Ddevelopment of
Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv
In the article strategic priorities and recommendations
concerning formation and development of socially-
oriented business-environment are substantiated; author’s
concept on formation of a socially-oriented business-
environment is offered, which is based on the definition
of its system characteristics, levels, principles, criteria,
prerequisites. The development strategy of socially-
oriented business environment contains organizational and
economic instruments promoting social responsibility and
solidarity of business, government and society, and
enhance the prestige of institutionalization of socially
responsible standards of behavior of economic agents.
Key words: business-environment, social responsibility,
social cohesion, socially-oriented business-environment,
strategy of formation of socially-oriented business-
environment.
Received by the editors: 11.11.2013
and final form in 04.12.2013
M. I. Melnyk
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| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-123379 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1817-3772 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:35:47Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Melnyk, M.I. 2017-09-03T19:06:05Z 2017-09-03T19:06:05Z 2013 Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv / M.I. Melnyk // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2013. — № 4 (34). — С. 50–55. — Бібліогр.: 4 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/123379 330.342.146:334.722(477) In the article strategic priorities and recommendations concerning formation and development of sociallyoriented business-environment are substantiated; author’s concept on formation of a socially-oriented businessenvironment is offered, which is based on the definition of its system characteristics, levels, principles, criteria, prerequisites. The development strategy of sociallyoriented business environment contains organizational and economic instruments promoting social responsibility and solidarity of business, government and society, and enhance the prestige of institutionalization of socially responsible standards of behavior of economic agents. У статті обґрунтовано стратегічні пріоритети та рекомендації щодо формування і розвитку соціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища; запропонована авторська концепція формування соціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища, яка базується на визначенні його системних характеристик, рівнів, принципів, критеріїв, передумов розвитку. Стратегія розвитку соціально орієнтованого бізнес-середовища містить організаційно-економічні інструменти стимулювання соціальної відповідальності та згуртованості бізнесу, держави і суспільства, підвищення престижу й інституціалізації соціально відповідальної культури поведінки економічних суб'єктів. В статье ообоснованы стратегические приоритеты и рекомендации формирования и развития бизнес- среды; предложена авторская концепция формирования социально ориентированнойбизнес-среды, базирующаяся на определении его системных характеристик, основных уровней, принципов, критериев, предпосылок развития. Стратегия развития социально ориентированной бизнес-среды содержит организационно-экономические инструменты стимулирования социальной ответственности и сплоченности бизнеса, государства и общества, повышения престижа и институционализации социально ответственной культуры поведения экономических субъектов. en Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України Економічний вісник Донбасу International and Regional Economics Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv Стратегія розвитку соціальноорієнтованого бізнес-середовища м. Львова Стратегия развития социально ориентированной бизнес-среды г. Львова Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv Melnyk, M.I. International and Regional Economics |
| title | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv |
| title_alt | Стратегія розвитку соціальноорієнтованого бізнес-середовища м. Львова Стратегия развития социально ориентированной бизнес-среды г. Львова |
| title_full | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv |
| title_fullStr | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv |
| title_short | Strategy of Development of Socially Oriented Business Environment of Lviv |
| title_sort | strategy of development of socially oriented business environment of lviv |
| topic | International and Regional Economics |
| topic_facet | International and Regional Economics |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/123379 |
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