The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market
The article gives the estimate of Ukraine's positions on the international tourist market on basis of the outbound and inbound tourist flows and revenues from tourism. We proposed measures which can improve the country's positions in the international tourist ratings. У статті проведена оц...
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Shabalina, L.V. Chumak, A.E. 2017-09-03T19:08:40Z 2017-09-03T19:08:40Z 2013 The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market / L.V. Shabalina, A.E. Chumak // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2013. — № 4 (34). — С. 61–66. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. 1817-3772 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/123382 338.42-42(181.7) The article gives the estimate of Ukraine's positions on the international tourist market on basis of the outbound and inbound tourist flows and revenues from tourism. We proposed measures which can improve the country's positions in the international tourist ratings. У статті проведена оцінка позицій України на міжнародному туристичному ринку на основі структури виїзних та в'їзних туристичних потоків, а також прибутків від туризму. Запропоновано заходи, що сприяють поліпшенню позицій країни у міжнародних туристичних рейтингах. В статье проведена оценка позиций Украины на международном туристическом рынке на основе структуры выездных и въездных туристических потоков, а также доходов от туризма. Предложены мероприятия способствующие улучшению позиций страны в международных туристических рейтингах. en Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України Економічний вісник Донбасу International and Regional Economics The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market Оцінка позицій України на міжнародному туристичному ринку Оценка позиций Украины на международном туристическом рынке Article published earlier |
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The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market |
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The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market Shabalina, L.V. Chumak, A.E. International and Regional Economics |
| title_short |
The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market |
| title_full |
The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market |
| title_fullStr |
The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market |
| title_sort |
estimate of ukraine's position on the international tourist market |
| author |
Shabalina, L.V. Chumak, A.E. |
| author_facet |
Shabalina, L.V. Chumak, A.E. |
| topic |
International and Regional Economics |
| topic_facet |
International and Regional Economics |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Економічний вісник Донбасу |
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Інститут економіки промисловості НАН України |
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Article |
| title_alt |
Оцінка позицій України на міжнародному туристичному ринку Оценка позиций Украины на международном туристическом рынке |
| description |
The article gives the estimate of Ukraine's positions on the international tourist market on basis of the outbound and inbound tourist flows and revenues from tourism. We proposed measures which can improve the country's positions in the international tourist ratings.
У статті проведена оцінка позицій України на міжнародному туристичному ринку на основі структури виїзних та в'їзних туристичних потоків, а також прибутків від туризму. Запропоновано заходи, що сприяють поліпшенню позицій країни у міжнародних туристичних рейтингах.
В статье проведена оценка позиций Украины на международном туристическом рынке на основе структуры выездных и въездных туристических потоков, а также доходов от туризма. Предложены мероприятия способствующие улучшению позиций страны в международных туристических рейтингах.
|
| issn |
1817-3772 |
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https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/123382 |
| citation_txt |
The Estimate of Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market / L.V. Shabalina, A.E. Chumak // Економічний вісник Донбасу. — 2013. — № 4 (34). — С. 61–66. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ. |
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2025-11-24T16:34:57Z |
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| fulltext |
61
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
THE ESTIMATE OF UKRAINE`S POSITION ON THE INTERNATIONAL
TOURIST MARKET
Definition of the problem. In today’s world
tourism plays important role in the countries’ development
and is a mass socio-economic phenomenon. In the GDP
structure of many countries tourism is one of the
important elements at the expense of which population
employment and currency earnings are provided. For
example, tourism accounts for GDP growth by 2,2% in
Ukraine in 2012. As a result, the country ranked the 60th
place in the world rating of tourism contribution to GDP
[1]. We observe tourist flow growth in the country thanks
to the expansion of economic, political, scientific and
cultural relations between Ukraine and other countries.
According to the World Bank rating, Ukraine occupies
the 14th place in international tourist arrivals. The
assessment of Ukraine's position on the international
tourist market is important for offering measures on the
industry development which will improve the country's
position in the international tourist rating.
Analysis of the latest research and publications.
Definition of tourism effect on the economy’s development
can be found in the works of such Ukrainian scientists
as S. N. Shkarlet, O. M. Kalchenko, L. Gontarzhevskaya
and K. V. Sirenko. Recent research of the development
of the state tourist sector is described in works of
O. V. Bartoshuk, O. V. Litvinov, M. P. Bondarenko.
Problems of tourist industry development are covered in
the works of foreign scientists, such as John Holloway
and W. Theobald.
Research findings. Over the last decade Ukraine
shows a considerable increase in attracting foreign
tourists. Thus, inbound tourist flow increased twofold
from 2002 to 2012 and amounted to 23,01 million people.
At the same time, outbound tourist flow increased in one
and a half times from 14,73 million to 21,43 million people
over the same period (Table 1).
The estimate of the tourist flows dynamics indicates
positive trends of tourism development in Ukraine over
the period of 2002 – 2012, namely, more rapid increase
of inbound tourist flow against the slow growth of
outbound flow was observed. This gradually led to the
positive balance of tourist flows [2, p. 46].
During 2008 – 2012 the increase of tourist flow
was observed with small decline in 2009 due to the
economic crisis. The increase of inbound flow by 107,5%
from 2011 to 2012 occurred thanks to the cultural and
sport exchanges in connection with the Euro 2012.
Though we observe the tendency to small decline in other
kinds of trips (Fig. 1).
From 2008 to 2012 there occurred the following
changes in the structure of outbound tourist flow:
business trips and organized tours decreased by 39,2%
and 35,8% respectively, but private trips increased by
159,8% (Fig. 2). This indicates that people do not wish
to overpay for tourist operators services, as we can see
declining tendency of real revenues of Ukraine population.
To analyze the geography of inbound tourist flow
we chose five countries which lead in inbound tourism
to Ukraine: Russian Federation, Moldova, Belarus, Poland
and Romania whose total volume in the structure of
foreign tourism accounted for 85,5% in 2012. The
majority of visitors came from the Russian Federation
(41,4%) (Fig. 3).
It is obvious, that the market of foreign tourism in
Ukraine is formed by two main segments – east (citizens
of the former Soviet Union) and west (tourists from other,
mostly highly developed countries) [6, p. 86].
Five countries – Russia, Poland, Moldova, Hungary
and Belarus – accounted for 80,8 % of the total volume
of tourist flows in the geographical structure of foreign
tourism in 2012. The countries, which are mostly visited
by Ukrainians, are Russia (27,72%) and Poland (26,9%)
(Fig. 4). The majority of Ukrainian citizens travel to the
neighboring countries, which is explained by regular
relations with these countries, convenient transport links,
common cultural traditions, developed economic relations
between the countries [6, p. 86].
According to the results of 2011 tourist revenues in
Ukraine amounted to 5406 million dollars, which exceeds
previous year indicators by 115,1%. During 2002 – 2011
increase of revenues from tourism was observed with a
fall by 64,7% in 2009 due to the economic crisis (Fig. 5).
According to the World Bank, France continues to
lead in the rating of the world largest tourist destination.
China comes third after France and the United States
leaving Spain behind. Other countries also changed their
position in the rating: Turkey (6th place), Germany (8th
place), Malaysia (10th place), Hong Kong (13th place)
and Thailand (15th place). Such countries as the
Netherlands and Czech Republic, worsened their position
and left the rating. In 2011 Ukraine rose to the 14th place
in attracting international tourist flow outstripping
Thailand, Saudi Arabia and Greece (Table 2).
L. V. Shabalina, A. E. Chumak
UDC 338.42-42(181.7)
L. V. Shabalina,
PhD (Economics),
A. E. Chumak,
Donetsk National Technical University
62
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
Table 1
The estimate of tourist flows dynamics over 2002 – 2012 [3]
Outbound tourist flow Inbound tourist flow Years
People, mln Increase, mln Rate of
increase, %
People, mln Increase, mln Rate of
increase, %
Balance
of tourist
flows
2002 14,73 - - 10,52 - - - 4 ,21
2003 14,79 0.06 0.4% 12,51 1.99 18.9% - 2 ,28
2004 15,49 0.7 4.7% 15,63 3.12 24.9% 0,14
2005 16,45 0.96 6.2% 17,63 2 12.8% 1,18
2006 16,88 0.43 2.6% 18,94 1.31 7.4% 2,06
2007 17,33 0.45 2.7% 23,12 4.18 22% 5,79
2008 15,5 - 1.83 - 10.6% 25,45 2.33 10% 9,95
2009 15,33 - 0.17 - 1.1% 20,8 - 4.65 - 18.3% 5,47
2010 17,18 1.85 0 .1% 21,20 0 .4 1.9% 4,02
2011 19,77 2.59 15.1% 21,42 0.22 1% 1,65
2012 21,43 1.66 8.4% 23,01 1.59 7.4% 1,58
Fig. 2. Dynamics of outbound tourist flow according to the purpose of visit (2007 – 2012) [5]
Fig. 1. Dynamics of inbound tourist flow according to the purpose of visit (2007 – 2012) [4]
L. V. Shabalina, A. E. Chumak
63
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
Fig. 3. Foreign tourists` visits to Ukraine in 2012 (TOP15) [7]
Fig. 4. Ukrainian tourists’ visits to foreign countries in 2012 (TOP 15) [5]
Fig. 5. Revenues from tourism ($) [8]
L. V. Shabalina, A. E. Chumak
64
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
However, such number of international arrivals does
not allow Ukraine to receive the maximal economic
benefits from tourism and become a leader in getting
tourist revenues [9, p. 48]. This is explained by the fact
that, firstly, the number of solvent tourists from rich
Western Europe is very limited, because about 60% of
foreign tourists are citizens of CIS countries (mainly from
Russia, Moldova, Belarus), and the majority of European
tourists come from neighboring Poland, Romania,
Hungary. Currency earnings do not exceed 184$ per
tourist for one trip in Ukraine; it is twofold less than in
Russia and 4,5 times less than in Turkey, Croatia and
Romania. Secondly, private trips (73%) dominate in the
structure of Ukraine`s foreign flow, but tourist destination
come only to 4,1% of the total foreign flow.
The US is the unchallenged leader in the rating of
countries by revenues from tourism, as well as Spain
and France. Germany (+2), China (+2), Switzerland (+2)
Thailand (+6) and Hong Kong (+9) improved their
position. Australia (8th place) and Turkey (11th place)
remained on the previous positions. Japan, Greece,
Mexico, Belgium and Portugal quit the rating. In
comparison with 2003, Ukraine rose to the 19th positions
in 2011 in attracting revenues from international tourism,
outstripping Luxembourg, Bulgaria and now takes the
46th place (Table 3).
Despite the positive trends in the development of
domestic tourism, Ukraine does not take leading positions
both in the industry and on the world arena.
Unfortunately, Ukraine does not receive economic
benefits from tourism in spite of the favorable geographical
location in the heart of Europe, varied landscape, climatic
conditions, two seas – the Black Sea and the Azov Sea,
unique historical monuments, natural attractions, nature
reserves, national parks, etc. We think that it is necessary
to develop measures to improve the tourist attractiveness
of Ukraine. Let us consider some of them.
Firstly, the development of tourism infrastructure
is at an extremely low level. Here we can mention the
insufficient number of hotels of European level and
overpriced accommodation. For example, if we compare
rest in Ukraine and abroad, the rest in Yalta Intourist hotel
(Crimea) costs $125 a day in standard room with
breakfast, while in Antalia (Turkey), prices begin from
$550 for 7 days in a five-star hotel all inclusive, air tickets
and insurance.
Secondly, the quality of roads in Ukraine is extremely
poor. For example, Ukraine hit the top ten countries with
L. V. Shabalina, A. E. Chumak
Table 2
Ranking of the countries by international tourist arrivals in 2003 and 2011 [10]
International tourist arrivals (people, mln)
Country 2003 Country 2011
1. France 75,048 1. France 81,411
2. Spain 50, 854 2. USA 62,711
3. USA 41,218 3. China 57,581
4. Italy 39,604 4. Spain 56,694
5. China 32,97 5. Italy 46,19
6. United Kingdom 22,787 6. Turkey 34,038
7. Russia 22,521 7. United Kingdom 29,306
8. Austria 19,078 8. Germany 28,374
9. Mexico 18,665 9. Russia 24,932
10. Germany 18,399 10. Malaysia 24,714
11. Canada 17,534 11. Mexico 23,403
12. Greece 13,969 12. Austria 23,012
13. Poland 13,72 13. Hong Kong 22,316
14. Turkey 13,341 14. Ukraine 21,415
15. Ukraine 12,514 15. Thailand 19,23
16. Malaysia 10,577 16. Saudi Arabia 17,498
17. Thailand 10,082 17. Greece 16,427
18. Hong Kong 9,676 18. Canada 16,014
19. Netherlands 9,181 19. Poland 13,35
20. Czech Republic 7,641 20. Macau 12,925
65
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
the worst roads and ranked 137th place out of 144. The
roads are worse than in Ukraine only in 7 countries –
Gabon, East Timor, Guinea, Mongolia, Romania, Haiti
and Moldova. Solution of this problem requires
considerable investment. Thus, it is necessary to take
such measures as expansion of the service industries,
especially public security, traffic and crowd control,
emergency, sanitary services and street cleaning.
Thirdly, Ukrainian visa is the main problem for
foreign tourists. Thus, Europeans have to choose between
traveling in EU without visa or spending a lot of time and
money on getting Ukrainian visa. Therefore, the
government should direct their attention to the visa system
simplification. For example, in United Arab Emirates,
Tunisia, Mexico and Sri Lanka tourists get visa upon
arrival. You do not have to deal with the paperwork before
leaving your country, which makes a visit to these
countries easy and affordable. To go to Israel, Georgia,
Montenegro and Malaysia tourist need only the
international passport. These are countries with visa-free
system, which gives an excellent opportunity to rest
abroad and not waste time and money on getting visa.
Fourthly, the language barrier is another problem
for foreigners. Many tourists are ready to give up a
vacation in Ukraine because of misunderstanding with
the staff. It is unacceptable for the country which seeks
to become an international tourist destination. All
employees in tourist industry must know not only
Ukrainian and Russian languages, but have a basic
command of English. It is advisable to organize free
English courses for the staff of services sector and
hospitals on private-public partnership terms.
Fifthly, the lack information about Ukraine is one
of the main reasons of the tourism slow development.
Ukraine should participate in international events and
exhibitions, where countries present printed information
and videos about the resorts and different souvenirs.
Visitors of these events have opportunity to see the
L. V. Shabalina, A. E. Chumak
Table 3
Rating of the countries by revenues from tourism in 2003 and 2011 [8]
Revenues from international tourism (billion dollars)
Country 2003 Country 2011
1. USA 101,535 1. USA 185,886
2. France 45,99 2. Spain 67,538
3. Spain 43,863 3. France 65,172
4. Italy 32,591 4. Germany 53,411
5. United Kingdom 30,736 5. China 53,313
6. Germany 30,104 6. United Kingdom 4,94
7. China 18,707 7. Italy 45,368
8. Australia 16,647 8. Australia 34,168
9. Austria 15,128 9. Hong Kong 33,736
10. Netherlands 14,603 10. Thailand 30,926
11. Turkey 13,203 11. Turkey 28,059
12. Canada 12,236 12. Austria 22,432
13. Japan 11,475 13. Switzerland 21,061
14. Greece 10,842 14. Netherlands 20,97
15. Switzerland 10,493 15. Canada 19,901
16. Thailand 10,456 16. Malaysia 19,593
17. Mexico 10,058 17. Singapore 17,99
18. Hong Kong 9,004 18. India 17,518
19. Belgium 8,848 19. Korea 17,246
20. Portugal 7,634 20. Russia 17,031
- - - - -
65. Ukraine 1,204 46. Ukraine 5,406
66. Colombia 1,191 47. Luxembourg 4,807
67. Peru 1,023 48. Bulgaria 4,554
68. Mauritius 0,96 49. Qatar 4,463
66
Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4 (34), 2013
programs of tour operators in sports, health,
environmental and other types of tourism. It is important
to make an emphasis on the organization of various
championships attracting foreign tourists. As recent
experience shows, more than half of EU citizens have
improved their opinion about Ukraine after Euro 2012
and would like to come back to us again. If we want to
attract tourists, it is important to use the channels through
which information is likely to reach potential tourists,
for example, we can place the information in the
media, on the sites of tourist operators and regional
administrations.
For example, the Austrian National Tourist Office,
which has offices in 26 countries advertises the country`s
tourist opportunities. Israel has the Ministry of Tourism
whose budget in 2007 was 150 million dollars. These
funds were used to finance various events, which aimed
at presentation, information, exhibitions all over the world.
Also, part of these funds was directed to various
conferences, organization of consulting services,
publication of promotional materials and brochures [11].
Conclusion. Thus, analyzing Ukraine’s position on
the international tourist market we found that growth of
tourist flow with a slight fall in 2009 due to the economic
crisis was observed over the last five years. In the
structure of outbound tourism fundamental changes took
place in favor of private trips. Talking about the geography
of tourism, the CIS and neighboring European countries
account for the most trips. In 2011 compared with 2003
Ukraine rose to the 19th positions in the rating by tourist
revenues, but it did not allow the country to get the
maximum economic benefit and become a world leader
in tourism. We suggested measures how improve the
tourist attractiveness of Ukraine, such as the revision of
the price policy by Ukrainian hotels with European
standards, improving the quality of roads, simplifying
visa system, language courses and branding tourist
events. The realization of the proposed measures will
allow Ukraine to increase its GDP and strengthen its
position in the global tourist market.
References
1. Russian Business Consulting, available at: http://
www.rbc.ua/rus/top/show/sfera-turizma-v-2012-g-
obespechila-rost-vvp-ukrainy-na-2-2--12062013134100
2. Kozhukhivska R. B. (2012), Tourism in Ukraine:
condition, factors and prospect of development,
Innovative economy, 3 (March), pp. 43 – 49 (ukr).
3. Documents of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine,
available at: http://ukrstat.org/uk/operativ/operativ2007/
tyr/tyr_u/potoki2006_u.htm 4. Documents of the State
Statistics Service of Ukraine, available at: http://
ukrstat.org/operativ/operativ2013/tyr/tyr_r/vig2012
_r.htm 5. Documents of the State Statistics Service of
Ukraine, available at: http://ukrstat.org/operativ/
operativ2012/tyr/tyr_r/vigw2012_r.htm 6. Bartoshuk O. V.
(2012), The estimate of tourism development in Ukraine,
Investment: practice and experience, 7 (April), pp. 82 –
86 (ukr). 7. State Statistics Service of Ukraine, available
at: ukrstat.gov.ua 8. World Bank, available at: http://
data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.RCPT.CD
9. Bondarenko M. P. (2011), Ukraine on the international
tourist market, Economic journal XXI, 1/2 (January/
February), pp. 47 – 50 (ukr). 10. World Bank, available
at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL
11. Tourist library, available at: http://tourlib.net/statti_
tourism/grt.htm
Шабаліна Л. В., Чумак Г. Е. Оцінка позицій
України на міжнародному туристичному ринку
У статті проведена оцінка позицій України на
міжнародному туристичному ринку на основі струк-
тури виїзних та в'їзних туристичних потоків, а також
прибутків від туризму. Запропоновано заходи, що
сприяють поліпшенню позицій країни у міжнародних
туристичних рейтингах.
Ключові слова: міжнародний туристичний ринок,
виїзний туризм, в'їзний туризм, туристичні потоки,
прибуток від туризму, міжнародний туристичний рей-
тинг, оцінка, віза.
Шабалина Л. В., Чумак А. Э. Оценка пози-
ций Украины на международном туристическом
рынке
В статье проведена оценка позиций Украины на
международном туристическом рынке на основе
структуры выездных и въездных туристических по-
токов, а также доходов от туризма. Предложены ме-
роприятия способствующие улучшению позиций стра-
ны в международных туристических рейтингах.
Ключевые слова: международный туристический
рынок, выездной туризм, въездной туризм, туристи-
ческие потоки, доходы от туризма, международный
туристический рейтинг, оценка, виза.
Shabalina L. V., Chumak A. E. The Estimate of
Ukraine's Position on the International Tourist Market
The article gives the estimate of Ukraine's positions
on the international tourist market on basis of the outbound
and inbound tourist flows and revenues from tourism.
We proposed measures which can improve the country's
positions in the international tourist ratings.
Key words: international tourist market, outbound
tourism, inbound tourism, tourist flows, tourist revenues,
international tourist rating, estimate, visa.
Received by the editors: 19.09.2013
and final form in 00.00.2013
L. V. Shabalina, A. E. Chumak
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