Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station
The issues of organization and carrying out of ecological monitoring in the region of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik Vernadsky” are taken up in the report. The information about the basic circulation flows, temporal (daily and annual) and spatial changeability of hydrological & hy...
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| Дата: | 2003 |
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Національний антарктичний науковий центр МОН України
2003
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| Цитувати: | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station / S.B. Bondar, I.G. Orlova, Yu.I. Popov, V.V. Ukrainsky, V.P. Usenko // Український антарктичний журнал. — 2003. — № 1. — С. 139-142. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860088383114575872 |
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| author | Bondar, S.B. Orlova, I.G. Popov, Yu.I. Ukrainsky, V.V. Usenko, V.P. |
| author_facet | Bondar, S.B. Orlova, I.G. Popov, Yu.I. Ukrainsky, V.V. Usenko, V.P. |
| citation_txt | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station / S.B. Bondar, I.G. Orlova, Yu.I. Popov, V.V. Ukrainsky, V.P. Usenko // Український антарктичний журнал. — 2003. — № 1. — С. 139-142. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Український антарктичний журнал |
| description | The issues of organization and carrying out of ecological monitoring in the region of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik Vernadsky” are taken up in the report. The information about the basic circulation flows, temporal (daily and annual) and spatial changeability of hydrological & hydrochemical ingredients as well as the vertical hydrological & hydrochemical water structure are presented on the basis of 1997-1998 experimental data. The description of the modern state of the chemical pollution of the basic elements of the Argentina Archipelago Islands` shallow water ecosystem. The broad spectrum of pollutants, such as different components of oil pollution, including carcinogenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons, highly toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons, heavy metals have been found in the majority of the ecosystem`s elements under analysis. The local areas of oil pollution have been found in the region of Galindez Isles. The obtained results are the part of the experimental data base for solving fundamental and applied problems including the problem of environmental protection. It is necessary to continue such investigations for studying the tendencies, for forecasting the vulnerable Antarctic ecosystems` state and for working up measures to protect ecosystems from the further pollution.
У доповіді розглянуті питання організації і виконання екологічного моніторингу в районі української антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський. На основі експериментальних даних 1997-1998 рр. представлені дані про основні циркуляційні потоки, тимчасову (добову, міжрічну) і просторову мінливість гідролого-гідрохімічних інгредієнтів, вертикальну гідролого-гідрохімічну структуру вод. Наведено характеристику сучасного стану хімічного забруднення основних елементів екосистеми шхерного мілководдя. У більшості аналізованих елементів екосистеми виявлений широкий спектр забруднюючих речовин: різні компоненти нафтового забруднення, включаючи канцерогенні поліароматичні вуглеводні, високотоксичні хлоровані вуглеводні, важкі метали. Виявлено локальні ділянки нафтового забруднення в районі острова Галіндез. Отримані результати є частиною експериментальної бази даних для рішення фундаментальних і прикладних, у тому числі природоохоронних задач. Продовження цих досліджень необхідно для вивчення тенденцій, прогнозування стану уразливих антарктичних екосистем і розробки заходів щодо запобігання їхнього подальшого забруднення.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:21:31Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ АНТАРКТИЧНИЙ
ЖУРНАЛ
ЕКОЛОГІЯ УАЖ, №1, 139-142 (2003)
© S.B.Bondar, I.G.Orlova, Yu.I.Popov, V.V.Ukrainsky, V.P.Usenko, 2003 139
УДK 551.42.054
ECOLOGICAL MONITORING IN THE REGION OF AKADEMIK VERNADSKY
ANTARCTIC STATION
S.B.Bondar1, I.G.Orlova1, Yu.I.Popov1, V.V.Ukrainsky 1, V.P.Usenko2
1 Ukrainian Scientific Centre of the Ecology of Sea, Odessa
2 Institute of Geological Science of National Academy of Ukraine, Kiev
accem@te.net.ua/Fax 0482 63-72-00
Abstract. The issues of organization and carrying out of ecological monitoring in the region of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station
“Akademik Vernadsky” are taken up in the report. The information about the basic circulation flows, temporal (daily and
annual) and spatial changeability of hydrological & hydrochemical ingredients as well as the vertical hydrological &
hydrochemical water structure are presented on the basis of 1997-1998 experimental data. The description of the modern state
of the chemical pollution of the basic elements of the Argentina Archipelago Islands` shallow water ecosystem. The broad
spectrum of pollutants, such as different components of oil pollution, including carcinogenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons, highly
toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons, heavy metals have been found in the majority of the ecosystem`s elements under analysis. The
local areas of oil pollution have been found in the region of Galindez Isles. The obtained results are the part of the experimental
data base for solving fundamental and applied problems including the problem of environmental protection. It is necessary to
continue such investigations for studying the tendencies, for forecasting the vulnerable Antarctic ecosystems` state and for
working up measures to protect ecosystems from the further pollution.
Key words: Antarctic, station “Аkademik Vernadsky”, monitoring, ecosystem, pollution
Екологічний моніторінг у районі антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський. С.Б.Бондар, І.Г.Орлова,
Ю.І.Попов, В.В.Український, В.П.Усенко
Реферат. У доповіді розглянуті питання організації і виконання екологічного моніторингу в районі української
антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський. На основі експериментальних даних 1997-1998 рр. представлені дані про
основні циркуляційні потоки, тимчасову (добову, міжрічну) і просторову мінливість гідролого-гідрохімічних
інгредієнтів, вертикальну гідролого-гідрохімічну структуру вод. Наведено характеристику сучасного стану хімічного
забруднення основних елементів екосистеми шхерного мілководдя. У більшості аналізованих елементів екосистеми
виявлений широкий спектр забруднюючих речовин: різні компоненти нафтового забруднення, включаючи
канцерогенні поліароматичні вуглеводні, високотоксичні хлоровані вуглеводні, важкі метали. Виявлено локальні
ділянки нафтового забруднення в районі острова Галіндез. Отримані результати є частиною експериментальної бази
даних для рішення фундаментальних і прикладних, у тому числі природоохоронних задач. Продовження цих
досліджень необхідно для вивчення тенденцій, прогнозування стану уразливих антарктичних екосистем і розробки
заходів щодо запобігання їхнього подальшого забруднення.
The concept of the development of the Antarctic Continent as territory, which is especially
protected, is formulated in the Protocol on Protection of the natural environment (1991 p.), which was
ratified by Ukraine in 2001. According to item 3.1 of the Protocol any activity in the Antarctic
Continent (including scientific) should be accompanied with the estimation of its influence on the
environmental natural environment.
Recently a number of tourist sea yachts and passenger courts, which visit the most accessible
and rather favorable in the climatic attitude areas of the Antarctic Region has increased considerably.
It concerns the Argentina archipelago, which is located to the northwest from the Antarctic Peninsula,
where Ukrainian Antarctic station (UАS) Akademik Vernadsky is based. It results in the increase of
the anthropogenous loading on these areas of the Antarctic Region.
The area of shelf waters of islands of the Argentina archipelago practically is not investigated.
During last 15 years a number of large-scale foreign research programs of the Antarctic marine
ecosystem has been carried out (Smith et al., 1995). The major part of observations has covered the
zone of the Antarctic US station “Palmer”. However, none of the programs treated the chemical
pollution that is well known by its pernicious influence on marine ecosystems. It is especially
S.B.Bondar et al.: ECOLOGICAL MONITORING IN THE REGION OF AKADEMIK VERNADSKY …
140
hazardous for “vulnerable” Antarctic ecosystems. Due to the already existing anthropogenous factor
of the UAS area and the neighbouring water areas require the constant geoecosystem researches
(Godzik et al., 1997).
The first reconnoitring investigations of this geoecosystem were carried out during the first
marine expedition (1997) and significantly extended during the second expedition (1998) (Bondar et
al., 2000). Starting with spring 2001 in the framework of the ecological program under the initiative
and with the technical assistance of the UkrSCES the regular hydrophysical observations were begun.
The aim of the investigations was the complex studying of the marine ecosystem condition in
the UAS and nearby water zone with following scientific monitoring in order to appreciate the
anthropogenic and climatic changes therein. The study of the ecosystem chemical pollution levels was
one of the basic scientific goals. The complex experiment included hydrophysical, hydrochemical and
meteorological observations as well as the observations of the chemical pollution of the ecosystem
basic components.
The current observations and study of the role of hydrodynamic factors in the processes of
transfer and dispersion of polluting microimpurities in five points of the water area were studied by
the means of autonomous buoy stations. In order to determine the impact of tidal currents on the
hydrological and hydrochemical water structures, two long-term stations were performed. To
determine the spatial variability of the basic parameters at 10 stations, the complex observations of
hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and hydrometeorological parameters and sampling of
pollutants were made. Background chemical pollution levels were selected and a series of water,
bottom sediments and hydrobionts analyzed. It is necessary to emphasize that such detailed
investigations have been carried out in this area for the first time.
The steady two-layer vertical stratification of the thermohaline, kinematics and hydrochemical
characteristics with waters partition in the layer of 30-35 m was revealed. At depths less than 30 m the
surface structure was only observed. The water temperature increased from the surface down to the
depth of the layer of the basic hydrophysical characteristics jump and further decreased with depth.
The salinity increased with the depth everywhere.
The tidal activity is the significant factor of the variability of the hydrophysical and
hydrochemical characteristics. The analysis of the temporal variations of vertical distribution of these
parameters revealed distinct daily and semi-diurnal tidal harmonics.
The waters motion in the surface structural zone was put into effect mainly in the northern
direction with the average speed 4 сm/sеc; in the bottom structure the southward motion with about
the same speed was observed. Generally the speeds of tidal currents did not exceed 10 сm/sec and
were comparable with those of residual currents. Maximal current speeds observed were equal to 15-
18 сm/sec. The presence of multidirectional flows points to compensatory character of the bottom
currents in this area.
The more detailed data both on the spatial and temporary variability of hydrophysical and
hydrochemical parameters are given in (Bondar et al., 1998, Bulgakov et al., 1999, Ukrainsky et al.,
1998, Ukrainsky et al., 1998). The results on atmospheric chemistry observations are submitted in
(Lepeshkin, 1998).
It is necessary to emphasize, that during 1997 - 1998 in the area under research the rather high
content of the ammonium nitrogen and others biogenic substance was marked, pointing to the high
biogenic water pollution (Bondar et al., 2000). A source of the pollution is the crude waste UAS water
and has a local character. In summer 2000-2001 the intensive development of seaweed and flowering
of waters on the sea water area of the Argentina archipelago was observed being evidence of waters
eutrophication.
In the same period the anomalies of thermal mode of the thermohalinic characteristics of the
coastal waters were found (Figure). The water temperature reached 4-5 oС in this period. Thus it was
revealed the intensive dissolution of surface waters caused by iceberg and glaciers throwing. The
sharp two-layer structure was observed in vertical distribution of the thermohalinic characteristics.
The speeds of mainly southward currents in the bottom structural zone did not exceed 10 сm/sec. Such
climatic conditions in Antarctic summer may give rise to the oxygen mode deterioration.
S.B.Bondar et al.: ECOLOGICAL MONITORING IN THE REGION OF AKADEMIK VERNADSKY …
141
Simultaneously with biogenic pollution of local sites of the water area a number of chemical
pollutants were revealed in the analyzed water samples, bottom sediments and various hydrobionts
(Bondar et al., 2000).
Figure. Annual cycles – of the temperature (1A) and salinity (2A) in the coastal zone at the water registration
station; temperature (1B) and salinity (2B) in the surface layer according to byoceanographic station data and air
temperature (C) at Akademik Vernadsky station.
It was found the rather low level for АD found only in proximity to the source (crude waste
water) near Galindez island (up to 20mkg/l). Near Mordvinov island concentration of АD was close to
the background value (5.2 mkg/l), but in the Southern Оrkney islands water area these substances
were not found.
In spite of the fact that heavy metals are not used at the station (Videnina et al., 1977) their
content is rather high. The maximal concentration of heavy metals was found in the samples taken
near the Yahtovaya bay and the berth on Galindez island; minimal concentration – in the inter-island
zone at the buoy station near Skua island.
The rather high level of chlorinated hydrocarbons (DDТ, PCB) close to that in some areas of
the World Ocean was also registered (Оrlova, 1992, Subramanian et al., 1983).
The various components of petroleum pollution are the most widely distributed in the
ecosystem under study. The maximal oil pollution of the bottom sediments (saturated hydrocarbons,
aromatic hydrocarbons and 3,4-BP) was revealed in samples taken in proximity of the Yahtovaya Bay
and the berth of Galindez Island. Especially it is necessary to emphasize on the occurrence of heavy
S.B.Bondar et al.: ECOLOGICAL MONITORING IN THE REGION OF AKADEMIK VERNADSKY …
142
saturated hydrocarbons and 3,4-BP pollution with concentrations (246 mg/kg and 39 mkg/kg
accordingly) reached up to the level of the polluted zones of the World Ocean.
Besides in the samples of the bottom sediments a number of individual polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons-PAN was found using mass- chromass-spectrometric technique (Bondar et al., 2000).
To reveal the origin of oil pollution, analysis of water samples (from the berth and anchorage),
snow samples (from the spillage area) and diesel fuel used at the station was made using the same
technique. The identity of peaks on spectrograms allows concluding that the diesel fuel spillage to the
adjacent water area is one of the sources of oil pollution. At the same time the distribution of n-
alkanes found out in the samples permits to conclude that the heavy fractions of hydrocarbons
(hydrocarbons with high values of C-atoms) were presented in these samples. This oil pollution
probably relates with “old” oil spillage in 1992.
Analyzing experimental we can conclude that the ecological situation near Akademik
Vernadsky station is rather hard due to, firstly, the water eutrophication with the negative intensive
waters flowering with following oxygen regime deterioration and, secondly, the quite high level of
chemical pollution of the shelf ecosystem of the Argentina Archipelago Islands. The last may be
caused by the global character of the stable pollutants distribution as well as by the influence of
constant spot sources of pollution such as the coastal one, which remains after the fuel tank breakage,
and navigation increased from year to year in summer. The low speeds of chemical and biological
degradation of pollutants are an additional source.
References.
Bondar S.B., Orlova I.G. Some results of the complex ecology monitoring in the Akademik
Vernadsky station region // Bull. UAC, 1998. -2. -P.160–171.
Bondar S.B., Orlova I.G., Usenko V.P. Ingredients of chemical pollution in the ecosystem
shallow waters of the Argentine Archipelago (area of the Ukrainian Antarctic station Akademik
Vernadsky) // Bull. UAC., 2000. Is. 3. -P.192–208.
Bulgakov M.P., Orlova I.G., Ukrainsky V.V. et al. Results of oceanographishe investigations
in the Akademik Vernadsky antarctic station region on the results seconds Ukrainian seas antarctic
expedition. Report NAS of Ukraine, 1999, N 2, -P.118-121.
Videnina N.G., Rybachuk V.P. Referring to evolution of the Akademik Vernadsky station
Effect Upon the Environment // Bull. UAC. 1997. Is. 1. -P.160–177.
Gozhic P.F., Usenko V.P. Some aspects of Investigation of the Geoecosystem of the Aquatoria
of Argentine Island Archipelago // Bull. UAC., 1997. Is. 1. -P.217–227.
Lepyashkin V.I. Ionic component of the atmospheric aerosol in the region of the South
Orkney and South Scotland Islands // Bull. UAC, 1998. Is. 2. -P.25-28.
Orlova I.G. Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems. S-Petersburg. -
Hydrometeoizdat. 1992. -107 p.
Ukrainsky V.V., Popov Y.I., Neverovsky I.P. et al. Structura and variability of thermohaline
field and kinematic characteristics of the waters of the arhipelago Argentine islands in march 1988 //
Bull. UAC. Is. 2., 998, -P.102-110.
Ukrainsky V.V., Popov Y.I., Neverovsky I.P. et al. Kinematic of the currents and the vertical
water structure of the Argentine islands on the basis if the oceanographic observations // Bull. UAC.
Is. 2., 1998. -P.102-110.
Kari D.M. RASER - Research on Antartic coastal rates. Part A - Oceanographic Research
Papers. Deep-Sea Res. 38, 1991. -Р.1029-1055.
Smith Raymond C., Karen S., Baker et al. The Palmer LTER: A Long-term Ecological
Research Program at Palmer Station, Antartica // Oceanography, vol. 8, № 3. 1995. -Р.77-85.
Subramanian B.R., Shinsuke Tanabe, Hideo Hidaka, and Ryo Tatsukawa. DDTs and PCB
Isomers and Congeners in Antartic Fish // Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol // V. 12. 1983. -P.621-626.
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| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1727-7485 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:21:31Z |
| publishDate | 2003 |
| publisher | Національний антарктичний науковий центр МОН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Bondar, S.B. Orlova, I.G. Popov, Yu.I. Ukrainsky, V.V. Usenko, V.P. 2018-01-06T13:33:38Z 2018-01-06T13:33:38Z 2003 Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station / S.B. Bondar, I.G. Orlova, Yu.I. Popov, V.V. Ukrainsky, V.P. Usenko // Український антарктичний журнал. — 2003. — № 1. — С. 139-142. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. 1727-7485 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/128136 551.42.054 The issues of organization and carrying out of ecological monitoring in the region of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik Vernadsky” are taken up in the report. The information about the basic circulation flows, temporal (daily and annual) and spatial changeability of hydrological & hydrochemical ingredients as well as the vertical hydrological & hydrochemical water structure are presented on the basis of 1997-1998 experimental data. The description of the modern state of the chemical pollution of the basic elements of the Argentina Archipelago Islands` shallow water ecosystem. The broad spectrum of pollutants, such as different components of oil pollution, including carcinogenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons, highly toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons, heavy metals have been found in the majority of the ecosystem`s elements under analysis. The local areas of oil pollution have been found in the region of Galindez Isles. The obtained results are the part of the experimental data base for solving fundamental and applied problems including the problem of environmental protection. It is necessary to continue such investigations for studying the tendencies, for forecasting the vulnerable Antarctic ecosystems` state and for working up measures to protect ecosystems from the further pollution. У доповіді розглянуті питання організації і виконання екологічного моніторингу в районі української антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський. На основі експериментальних даних 1997-1998 рр. представлені дані про основні циркуляційні потоки, тимчасову (добову, міжрічну) і просторову мінливість гідролого-гідрохімічних інгредієнтів, вертикальну гідролого-гідрохімічну структуру вод. Наведено характеристику сучасного стану хімічного забруднення основних елементів екосистеми шхерного мілководдя. У більшості аналізованих елементів екосистеми виявлений широкий спектр забруднюючих речовин: різні компоненти нафтового забруднення, включаючи канцерогенні поліароматичні вуглеводні, високотоксичні хлоровані вуглеводні, важкі метали. Виявлено локальні ділянки нафтового забруднення в районі острова Галіндез. Отримані результати є частиною експериментальної бази даних для рішення фундаментальних і прикладних, у тому числі природоохоронних задач. Продовження цих досліджень необхідно для вивчення тенденцій, прогнозування стану уразливих антарктичних екосистем і розробки заходів щодо запобігання їхнього подальшого забруднення. en Національний антарктичний науковий центр МОН України Український антарктичний журнал Екологія Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station Екологічний моніторінг у районі антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station Bondar, S.B. Orlova, I.G. Popov, Yu.I. Ukrainsky, V.V. Usenko, V.P. Екологія |
| title | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station |
| title_alt | Екологічний моніторінг у районі антарктичної станції Академік Вернадський |
| title_full | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station |
| title_fullStr | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station |
| title_short | Ecological monitoring in the region of Akademik Vernadsky Antarctic station |
| title_sort | ecological monitoring in the region of akademik vernadsky antarctic station |
| topic | Екологія |
| topic_facet | Екологія |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/128136 |
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