Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters
Analysis of operation of propulsion electric drive system with asymmetrical six-phase induction motor, supplied by the battery and fuel cells, has been performed. Power conversion part of the drive includes two neutral-point-clamped inverters, controlled by algorithms of synchronised pulsewidth modu...
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2009
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| Cite this: | Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters / V. Oleschuk, R. Prudeak, A. Sizov, G. Griva // Техн. електродинаміка. — 2009. — № 5. — С. 17-21. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-130782025-02-09T11:36:48Z Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters Oleschuk, V. Prudeak, R. Sizov, A. Griva, G. Перетворення параметрів електричної енергії Analysis of operation of propulsion electric drive system with asymmetrical six-phase induction motor, supplied by the battery and fuel cells, has been performed. Power conversion part of the drive includes two neutral-point-clamped inverters, controlled by algorithms of synchronised pulsewidth modulation (PWM), providing both continuous phase voltage synchronization and common-mode voltage cancellation in the system. Выполнен анализ работы системы транспортного электропривода с шестифазным электродвигателем асимметричного типа, с автономным комбинированным электроснабжением от батареи и топливных элементов. Преобразовательная часть электропривода включает два инвертора напряжения со средней точкой в цепи источника питания, регулируемых на базе алгоритмов синхронной широтно-импульсной модуляции (ШИМ), обеспечивающих как непрерывную синхронизацию фазных напряжений, так и устранение напряжений нулевой последовательности в системе. 2009 Article Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters / V. Oleschuk, R. Prudeak, A. Sizov, G. Griva // Техн. електродинаміка. — 2009. — № 5. — С. 17-21. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. 0204-3599 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/13078 621.314.572 en application/pdf Інститут електродинаміки НАН України |
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Перетворення параметрів електричної енергії Перетворення параметрів електричної енергії |
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Перетворення параметрів електричної енергії Перетворення параметрів електричної енергії Oleschuk, V. Prudeak, R. Sizov, A. Griva, G. Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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Analysis of operation of propulsion electric drive system with asymmetrical six-phase induction motor, supplied by the battery and fuel cells, has been performed. Power conversion part of the drive includes two neutral-point-clamped inverters, controlled by algorithms of synchronised pulsewidth modulation (PWM), providing both continuous phase voltage synchronization and common-mode voltage cancellation in the system. |
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Oleschuk, V. Prudeak, R. Sizov, A. Griva, G. |
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Oleschuk, V. Prudeak, R. Sizov, A. Griva, G. |
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Oleschuk, V. |
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Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters |
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Інститут електродинаміки НАН України |
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2009 |
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Перетворення параметрів електричної енергії |
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Hybrid vehicle drive with synchronously modulated dual inverters / V. Oleschuk, R. Prudeak, A. Sizov, G. Griva // Техн. електродинаміка. — 2009. — № 5. — С. 17-21. — Бібліогр.: 10 назв. — англ. |
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AT oleschukv hybridvehicledrivewithsynchronouslymodulateddualinverters AT prudeakr hybridvehicledrivewithsynchronouslymodulateddualinverters AT sizova hybridvehicledrivewithsynchronouslymodulateddualinverters AT grivag hybridvehicledrivewithsynchronouslymodulateddualinverters |
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2025-11-25T21:52:50Z |
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1849800866078392320 |
| fulltext |
ISSN 0204-3599. Техн. електродинаміка. 2009. № 5 17
ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ ЕНЕРГІЇ
УДК 621.314.572
V. Oleschuk, D.Sc., R. Prudeak, A. Sizov (Power Engineering Institute of the Academy of Sciences of
Moldova, Kishinev), G. Griva, Ph.D. (Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy)
HYBRID VEHICLE DRIVE WITH SYNCHRONOUSLY MODULATED DUAL
INVERTERS
Analysis of operation of propulsion electric drive system with asymmetrical six-phase induction motor, supplied by the
battery and fuel cells, has been performed. Power conversion part of the drive includes two neutral-point-clamped
inverters, controlled by algorithms of synchronised pulsewidth modulation (PWM), providing both continuous phase
voltage synchronization and common-mode voltage cancellation in the system.
Выполнен анализ работы системы транспортного электропривода с шестифазным электродвигателем асим-
метричного типа, с автономным комбинированным электроснабжением от батареи и топливных элементов.
Преобразовательная часть электропривода включает два инвертора напряжения со средней точкой в цепи ис-
точника питания, регулируемых на базе алгоритмов синхронной широтно-импульсной модуляции (ШИМ), обес-
печивающих как непрерывную синхронизацию фазных напряжений, так и устранение напряжений нулевой по-
следовательности в системе.
Introduction. Multiphase power conversion systems have been exciting an increasing interest during
the last years due to some advantages compared with standard three-phase systems, especially for the systems
with an increased power rating [1,2,10]. As an example of asymmetrical multiphase traction drive system
with two DC voltage sources, Fig. 1, a presents topology of the electrical vehicle system on the base of the
six-phase induction motor supplied by two inverters with two different DC links: 1) Battery DC link with the
Vdc1 voltage, and 2) Fuel Cell DC link with the Vdc2 voltage [1]. The induction machine has in this case two
sets of winding spatially shifted by 30 electrical degrees with isolated neutral points (Fig. 1, b) [1].
Typical configuration of six-phase (dual three-phase) drives is based on the two standard voltage
source inverters [1,2]. At the same time the use of neutral-point-clamped inverters can provide some
improvements in operation of asymmetrical dual three-phase drives. In particular, some specific control
schemes and algorithms can provide full elimination of undesirable alternating common-mode voltages in the
systems with dual neutral-point-clamped converters [6,9].
In order to provide synchronization of the voltage waveforms of inverters, novel techniques of
synchronized pulsewidth modulation (PWM) have been recently proposed for three-level converters [4]. So,
this paper is focused on analysis of operation of asymmetrical six-phase traction drive based on dual neutral-
point-clamped inverters, controlled by novel PWM algorithms, providing both cancellation of common-mode
voltages (both on the outputs of each inverter and in the load), and also phase voltages synchronization during
the whole control range.
Three-Phase Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter with Specialized Algorithms of PWM. Fig. 2, a
presents basic topology of a three-level neutral-clamped inverter (of the first inverter with the phases a, b, c). Each
of the three legs of the inverter consists of four power switches, four freewheeling diodes and two clamping
diodes. Fig. 2, b shows the switching state vectors of the inverter. Generally, there are twenty-seven different
switching states, which correspond to nineteen vectors shown by the big and small arrows in Fig. 2, b [8].
Recently, new algorithms of PWM have been proposed for three-level inverters, providing eli-
mination of undesirable alternating common-mode voltages, which are the main reason for bearing currents
and bearing failures in induction motor drives with PWM [6],[9]. It is leading to an increase of the reliability
and the life period of the drive systems.
© Oleschuk V., Prudeak R., Griva G., Sizov A., 2009
18 ISSN 0204-3599. Техн. електродинаміка. 2009. №5 18
Twelve (six and six) switching state vectors are located on the periphery of the two presented
hexagons, and six small vectors have the position in the middle of the corresponding big vectors. There is
also a zero voltage vector. Generally, it can be represented by three different switching states. It is known,
that using only seven of the vectors, V1
─ V7, marked in Fig. 2, b by the big arrows with the corresponding
number of the vector, this can provide elimination of the common-mode voltage in a three-phase load [4,6,9].
a b
Fig. 1.
A ternary switching variable (+,0,-) is defined for the switches of each of the three phase as:
+ if S1, S2 are ON and S3, S4 are OFF;
0 if S2, S3 are ON and S1, S4 are OFF;
- if S3, S4 are ON and S1, S2 are OFF.
Switching state sequences can be written in this case for the corresponding vectors as:
V1 (+0-); V2 (0+-); V3 (-+0); V4 (-0+); V5 (0-+); V6 (+-0); V7 (000).
a b
Fig. 2.
Synchronous PWM Control of Dual Three-Phase System. In order to avoid asynchronism of
standard space-vector modulation, a novel method of synchronized PWM can be used for control of each
inverter in six-phase drive system [3].
Control of asymmetrical dual three-phase drives is based on the 300-phase-shift of the signals of two
inverters with the phases a, b, c, and x, y, z [1,2,10]. In accordance with the theory of vector space
decomposition, the basic six-dimensional space (as, bs, cs, xs, ys, zs) of a dual-three phase induction machine
with isolated neutral points can be transformed into two orthogonal two-dimensional subspaces (sa, sb) and
(m1, m2) [10]. Voltage components Vsa, Vsb, Vm1 and Vm2 in these subspaces, and also the phase voltages Vas
and Vxs and common mode voltage V0, are calculated as [10]:
ISSN 0204-3599. Техн. електродинаміка. 2009. № 5 19
Vsa=0.333(Va–0.5Vb-0.5Vc+0.866Vx –0.866Vy), (1)
Vsb=0.333(0.866Vb -0.866Vc +0.5Vx +0.5Vy –Vz), (2)
Vm1=0.333(Va –0.5Vb -0.5Vc -0.866Vx +0.866Vy), (3)
Vm2 =0.333(-0.866Vb+0.866Vc +0.5Vx + 0.5Vy– Vz), (4)
Vas=Vsa +Vm1=Va -0.333(Va + Vb + Vc ), (5)
Vxs=Vsb+Vm2=Vx - 0.333(Vx + Vy + Vz ), (6)
V0=0.333(Va + Vb + Vc + Vx + Vy + Vz), (7)
where Va, Vb, Vc, Vx, Vy, Vz − are the corresponding pole voltages of two three-level inverters (see Fig. 1, a and
Fig. 2, a).
In this case, the Vsa and Vsb components, which produce useful rotating MMF k-th order voltage
harmonics ( 112 ±= mk , m=1,2,3,..), are the useful components. But the Vm1 and Vm2 components, which
generate loss-producing harmonics ( 16 ±= mk , m=1,3,5,..), are the undesirable voltage components [10].
Fig. 3 – Fig. 5 present basic voltage waveforms (phase voltages Vas and Vxs and its useful components
Vsa and Vsb, common-mode and line voltages V0 and Vab, and spectra of the Vas and Vsa voltages) of dual
three-phase vehicle drive with two DC sources with equal voltages (Vdc1=Vdc2) under standard scalar V/F
control during a period of the fundamental frequency. Modulation indices of two inverters are equal in this
case too (m1=m2).
In particular, Fig. 3 illustrates behaviour of six-phase drive system with continuous synchronized
PWM [3,8]. Fig. 4 presents basic voltage waveforms and its spectra for the system with discontinuous
synchronized PWM [4,8], and Fig. 5 shows basic voltage waveforms (with spectra of the Vas and Vsa voltages)
for the system with the “direct-direct” scheme of PWM [4,6,7]. The switching and fundamental frequencies
of each neutral-point-clamped inverter of the dual system are Fs=900 Hz and F=42 Hz (m1=m2=0.84).
Fig. 3.
20 ISSN 0204-3599. Техн. електродинаміка. 2009. №5 20
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
The motor phase and line voltages of six-phase drive system with synchronized PWM have
symmetry during the whole control range, and its spectra do not include even harmonics and sub-harmonics.
The described strategy of control of dual neural-point-clamped inverters provides full common-mode voltage
ISSN 0204-3599. Техн. електродинаміка. 2009. № 5 21
elimination both in each inverter and in the load, which is leading to an increase of the reliability and life
span of the drive systems with modulated power converters.
Fig. 6 presents averaged calculation
results of the Weighted Total Harmonics
Distortion factor
( ∑
=
=
1000
2
5.02
1 ))/()(/1(
k
k kVVWTHD ) versus
modulation index m for the useful component Vsa
of the motor phase voltage of asymmetrical six-
phase drive system with dual neutral-point-
clamped inverters with continuous (CPWM),
discontinuous (DPWM) and “direct-direct”
(DDPWM) schemes of synchronized modulation
during standard scalar V/F control until the zone
of overmodulation (Vdc1=Vdc2, m1=m2=m=0.3–0.9).
Average switching frequency of each inverter is
equal to FS=900 Hz for the all presented versions
of synchronized PWM.
Results of analysis of spectral composition of the useful component of motor phase voltage show that
at low modulation indices Weighted Total Harmonic Distortion factor is better for the drive systems with
continuous and “direct-direct” schemes of synchronous PWM, and at the medium and high modulation
indices, discontinuous and “direct-direct” versions of synchronized PWM provide the better WTHD factor.
The method of synchronized pulsewidth modulations provides also high quality linear control of the
fundamental voltage of both three-phase and dual three-phase (six-phase) drive systems on the base of
neutral-clamped inverters in the zone of overmodulation [5].
Conclusion. The developed method of synchronised PWM has been applied for control of
asymmetrical six-phase drive on the base of dual neutral-point-clamped inverters. Specialized control
algorithms provide in this case both full elimination of the alternating common-mode voltages (both in each
inverter and in the load), and continuous shock-less synchronization of the output voltage waveforms of two
inverters during the whole control range including the zone of overmodulation.
The spectra of the motor phase voltages of asymmetrical dual three-phase systems with synchronized
PWM do not contain even harmonics and subharmonics for any ratios (integral or fractional) between the
switching and fundamental frequencies of dual converters, which is especially important for drives for high
power applications.
1. Bojoi R., Tenconi A., Farina F. and Profumo F. Dual-source fed multiphase induction motor drive for fuel
cell vehicles: topology and control // Proc. of the IEEE Power Electr. Spec. Conf. – 2005. – Pp. 2676−2683.
2. Hadiouche D., Baghli L. and Rezzoug A. Space vector PWM techniques for dual three-phase AC machine: analysis,
performance evaluation and DSP implementation // Proc. of the IEEE Ind. Appl. Soc. Conf. – 2003. – Pp. 648−655.
3. Oleschuk V. and Blaabjerg F. Direct synchronized PWM techniques with linear control functions for
adjustable speed drives // Proc. of the IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf. – 2002. ─ Pp. 76−82.
4. Oleschuk V. and Blaabjerg F. Synchronous voltage space-vector modulation for three-level inverters with
common-mode voltage elimination // Proc. of the PCIM’2002 Conf. (Intelligent Motion). – 2002. – Pp. 237−242.
5. Oleschuk V., Bose B.K. and Zhe Chen. Synchronized overmodulation techniques for the neutral-clamped
inverters // Proc. of the IEEE Power Electr. Specialists Conf. – 2003. ─ Pp. 41−46.
6. Ratnayake K.R.M.N. and Murai Y. A novel PWM scheme to eliminate common-mode voltage in three-level
voltage source inverter // Proc. of the IEEE Power Electr. Specialists Conf. – 1998. – Pp. 269−274.
7. Stefanovic V.R. and Vukosavic V.N. Space-vector PWM voltage control with optimized switching strategy //
Proc. of the IEEE Ind. Appl. Soc. Conf. – 1992. – Pp. 1025−1033.
8. Trzynadlowski A. Introduction to Modern Power Electronics. ─ John Wiley & Sons, 1998. – 386 p.
9. Zhang H., A. von Jouanne, Dai S., Wallace A.K. and Wang F. Multilevel inverter modulation schemes to
eliminate common-mode voltage // IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. – 2000. − 36, 6. – Pp. 1645−1653.
10. Zhao Y. and Lipo T.A.. Space vector PWM control of dual three-phase induction machine using vector
decomposition // IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. – 1995. − 31, 5. – Pp. 1100−1109.
Надійшла 16.03.09
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