Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security
Purpose. To rate the main factors and indicators of the national economic security, in particular the degree of the country’s provision with primary natural resources which determine the global energy consumption trends. Findings. Emergencies are ranked in the descending order of optimal flows in t...
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УкрНДМІ НАН України, Інститут геотехнічної механіки НАН України
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1336202025-02-09T14:06:16Z Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security Угольная промышленность в контексте экономической безопасности Украины Вугільна промисловість в контексті економічної безпеки України Mamaikin, O. Kicki, J. Salli, S. Horbatova, V. Purpose. To rate the main factors and indicators of the national economic security, in particular the degree of the country’s provision with primary natural resources which determine the global energy consumption trends. Findings. Emergencies are ranked in the descending order of optimal flows in the normal mode, the sorting sequence is defined, which results in the optimal solution via a minimum number of the algorithm computational steps. Originality. A universal algorithm for the development of fuel and energy complex of Ukraine has been designed. Цель. Оценить главные факторы и индикаторы национальной экономической безопасности, в частности степени обеспеченности страны основными природными ресурсами, обуславливающими тенденции мирового энергопотребления. Результаты. Проранжированы аварийные ситуации в порядке убывания величины оптимальных потоков в нормальном режиме, определена последовательность перебора, что приводит за минимальное число шагов вычислительного алгоритма к оптимальному решению. Научная новизна. Разработан универсальный алгоритм развития топливно-энергетического комплекса Украины. The authors express their gratitude to Laureate of National Prize of Ukraine, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Underground Mining Department, Volodymyr Bondarenko for his guidance while performing work on this topic. Мета. Оцінити головні чинники та індикатори національної економічної безпеки, зокрема ступеня забезпеченості країни основними природними ресурсами, які зумовлюють тенденції світового енергоспоживання. Результати. Проранжовані аварійні ситуації у порядку зменшення величини оптимальних потоків у нормальному режимі, визначено послідовність перебору, що призводить за мінімальне число кроків обчислювального алгоритму до оптимального рішення. Наукова новизна. Розроблено універсальний алгоритм розвитку паливно-енергетичного комплексу України. The authors express their gratitude to Laureate of National Prize of Ukraine, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Underground Mining Department, Volodymyr Bondarenko for his guidance while performing work on this topic. 2017 Article Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security / O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova // Розробка родовищ: Зб. наук. пр. — 2017. — Т. 11, вип. 1. — С. 17-22. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. 2415-3435 DOI: doi.org/10.15407/mining11.01.017 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/133620 658:330.322:622.3 (477) en Розробка родовищ application/pdf УкрНДМІ НАН України, Інститут геотехнічної механіки НАН України |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
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DSpace DC |
| language |
English |
| description |
Purpose. To rate the main factors and indicators of the national economic security, in particular the degree of the country’s provision with primary natural resources which determine the global energy consumption trends.
Findings. Emergencies are ranked in the descending order of optimal flows in the normal mode, the sorting sequence is defined, which results in the optimal solution via a minimum number of the algorithm computational steps.
Originality. A universal algorithm for the development of fuel and energy complex of Ukraine has been designed. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Mamaikin, O. Kicki, J. Salli, S. Horbatova, V. |
| spellingShingle |
Mamaikin, O. Kicki, J. Salli, S. Horbatova, V. Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security Розробка родовищ |
| author_facet |
Mamaikin, O. Kicki, J. Salli, S. Horbatova, V. |
| author_sort |
Mamaikin, O. |
| title |
Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security |
| title_short |
Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security |
| title_full |
Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security |
| title_fullStr |
Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security |
| title_sort |
coal industry in the context of ukraine economic security |
| publisher |
УкрНДМІ НАН України, Інститут геотехнічної механіки НАН України |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/133620 |
| citation_txt |
Coal industry in the context of Ukraine economic security / O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova // Розробка родовищ: Зб. наук. пр. — 2017. — Т. 11, вип. 1. — С. 17-22. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
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Founded in
1900
National Mining
University
Mining of Mineral Deposits
ISSN 2415-3443 (Online) | ISSN 2415-3435 (Print)
Journal homepage http://mining.in.ua
Volume 11 (2017), Issue 1, pp. 17-22
17
UDC 658:330.322:622.3 (477) https://doi.org/10.15407/mining11.01.017
COAL INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE ECONOMIC SECURITY
O. Mamaikin1*, J. Kicki2, S. Salli1, V. Horbatova1
1Underground Mining Department, National Mining University, Dnipro, Ukraine
2Division of Mineral Resource Acquisition, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences,
Krakow, Poland
*Corresponding author: e-mail mamaykin@yahoo.com, tel. +380562479047, fax: +380562479047
ВУГІЛЬНА ПРОМИСЛОВІСТЬ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ
О. Мамайкін1*, Є. Кіцкі2, С. Саллі1, В. Горбатова1
1Кафедра підземної розробки родовищ, Національний гірничий університет, Дніпро, Україна
2Відділ освоєння мінеральних ресурсів, Науково-дослідний інститут мінеральної та енергетичної економіки Польської
академії наук, Краків, Польща
*Відповідальний автор: e-mail mamaykin@yahoo.com, тел. +380562479047, факс: +380562479047
ABSTRACT
Purpose. To rate the main factors and indicators of the national economic security, in particular the degree of the
country’s provision with primary natural resources which determine the global energy consumption trends.
Methods. Analysis of components comprising the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine in view of survivability and
heuristic algorithm for finding economically feasible reserves. The problem of finding the optimal flow distribution
is solved by graphs.
Findings. Emergencies are ranked in the descending order of optimal flows in the normal mode, the sorting sequence
is defined, which results in the optimal solution via a minimum number of the algorithm computational steps.
Originality. A universal algorithm for the development of fuel and energy complex of Ukraine has been designed.
Practical implications. It was found that the vitality of integrated energy systems can be defined as the property to
resist a large scale external disturbance, maintaining the ability to operate with acceptable performance and backup
indicators. When considering large energy systems, the levels of the industry reserve can be reduced due to inter-
changeability of energy resources.
Keywords: fuel and energy complex, optimal flow distribution, performance indicators, emergency, industry reserve,
energy consumption
1. INTRODUCTION
The paper analyzes peculiarities of fuel and energy
resources planning in the context of emergency occur-
rences as well as ways to introduce changes in the
structure of mine fund of coal industry in Ukraine in
terms of unstable situation in the East of the country.
1.1. General statement of the problem and its
relevance to important scientific and practical tasks
Each state strains after economic security and particular-
ly security of energy supply. Thus, among a number of
numerous indices of national economic security, Ukraine
pays much attention to the degree of basic natural resources
supply, specifically those of energy carriers. First of all, it is
conditioned by scarcity of natural resources in general, and
different levels of the resources availability in certain coun-
tries. That results in the potential threat of constant intensifi-
cation of both economic and political struggle for their use.
2. THE MAIN PART OF THE ARTICLE
Nowadays, we observe a tendency for transformation
of certain manufacturers’ competition at the world mar-
ket into the competition of national economies (when, for
instance, ranges of national interests are declared). Raw
materials resources have been, remain, and will always
be the most important tool of both political and military
pressure (Dold & Friese, 2007).
For the sake of adequate economic security, any state
should constantly implement legal, economic, and admin-
istrative measures aimed at protection of its own national
interests relying on long-term strategy. As it is known,
successful implementation of global strategic aims de-
pends on economic policy making. It concerns primarily
implementation of various purpose-oriented programs
developed in light of economic projections; that is scenar-
io of developments probability in all state and social
spheres (Amosha, Kabanov, & Starichenko, 2005).
O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova. (2017). Mining of Mineral Deposits, 11(1), 17-22
18
Following coventional current ideas of energy security,
one should emphasize the duties imposed not only upon
fuel and energy complex but also upon consumers, that is
upon society at large. The latter presupposes limited de-
mand for primary energy resources resulting from imple-
mentation of energy-saving policies. As experts believe,
industries are governed by certain relations between gross
domestic product and volume of product consumption.
Consequently, simple extrapolation of demand for energy
carriers basing upon private tendencies yields erroneous
results (Zvyagil’skiy & Zaloznova, 2013).
According to the reserves of own fuel and energy re-
sources (FER), all countries are divided conditionally
into rich countries, countries of middle wealth, and poor
ones. However, it does not have a direct bearing on the
level of their financial and economic health. Most coun-
tries in the world belong to the middle category in terms
of fuel and energy reserves. In this context, their FER
extraction is almost 20% of their domestic consumption.
Germany, Poland, Sweden, Finland, France, Brazil and
other countries are typical members of this category.
Ukraine also belongs to this group as it is provided with
its own raw FERs for almost 46%, while such rich in raw
FERs countries as the USA, Great Britain, Russia, Can-
ada, Norway, oil-producing countries of Middle East,
Turkmenistan have more than 70% of the resources they
need (Dodds & Bartram, 2016). Practically every country
of the list above exports energy, while Japan, Italy, Swit-
zerland, Hungary, Slovenia, and Croatia are among those
countries that are poor in FERs as they have less than
30% of their need; that is why they have to import a good
deal of energy (Pivnyak, Pilov, Salli, Amosha,
Yashchenko, & Il’yashov, 2004).
From the viewpoint of energy security, coal is a rather
reliable fuel. There are considerable coal reserves in the
world; means of its delivery are diverse and exercised
from politically stable regions. World infrastructure is
well-developed; coal is easily stored; thus new logistic
setup is not a problem. The first and second oil crises have
proved that coal prices were less susceptible to fluctua-
tions than gas prices in the context of rising oil prices.
Determination of future role of coal as energy carrier
for power supply of Ukraine should involve estimation of
basic factors stipulating the above tendencies of global
energy consumption. Practically each energy carrier has
its own technological niche where its use is dominant or
even exceptional.
2.1. Analysis of the recent research which
formed the problem solution
Systemic studies in the field of energy sector are con-
cerned with the analysis of giant hierarchical power
structures forming general energy system of different
territories (a country, a region, an economic area, a city,
a town etc.). However, energy system is a multi-area
complex – fuel energy complex (FEC) covering sector
systems of coal-, oil-, gas-, and heat supply, power sec-
tor, and nuclear power industry. Comprehensive study of
each part of FEC in correlation with the progress of both
energy sector and economy of Ukraine as well as its
regions makes it possible to implement systemic ap-
proach to solve the complicated and important problems
of national economy (Sereda, 2014).
Such situation can be explained by the fact that plan-
ning of optimization methods of FEC and its branches at
the top level can not reflect difficulties and diversities of
local conditions which are of fundamental importance for
regional energy sector that should provide interdependent
and balanced development of prospecting, mining, pro-
cessing, transporting, storage, and consumption of fuel
and energy in the region. Thus, wide-range regional
problems constitute the most important subclass of sys-
temic research in the context of national economy. The
task is of singular significance for Ukraine as a country
with high level of industry and agriculture development,
complexity of mining geological conditions and lack of
fuel resources (except coal).
Decrease in the level of the country’s self-sufficiency
in terms of fuel resources brings about the necessity to
develop intensive energy-saving policy. In the context of
the country’s FEC, planning means coordination of pow-
er resources progress with the progress of productive
forces (Salli, Mamaykin, & Smolanov, 2013). For this
purpose, it is required to put a lot of effort to meeting the
demands of industry, agriculture, transport facilities,
housing and utilities infrastructure in different types of
FER. FEC of the country is a multi-industry system; that
is why its regional planning is based upon industries’
development programs adaption to peculiarities of fuel
and energy sector and conditions of FEC consumption.
2.2. Basic research material and complete
substantiation of the obtained scientific results
Today Ukraine is affected by gas blockade iflicted by
Russia. In fact, it is already the fourth gas war. Russian
monopolist “Gazprom” stopped delivering fuel to
Ukraine. Currently, Ukrainian gas transmission system
only transits gas for consumers in EU countries. Terrorist
operations in the east of the country ruin its energy infra-
structure. Such situation needs not only measures to
provide population with energy resources but also to
provide energy sector with hi-tech equipment, the deliv-
ery of which to Ukraine is connected with integration of
the country into the common EU space.
As it is known, Cabinet of Ministers imposed the
state of emergency in the electric energy market. This
measure has been brought forward by the problems of
coal delivery to storages of thermal power stations which
arose due to the situation in Donbas which impeded coal
transportation. Taking into account the current gas prob-
lems, it is quite probable that coal deficiency can com-
pletely destabilize Ukrainian energy sector, and a consid-
erable area of the country may be devoid of electric pow-
er. Donbas problems started before military operations
when lack of budget funds resulted in reduced coal pur-
chasing. However, serious troubles began in May with
the break up of hostilities in the east of Ukraine. Today
coal mining process in Donbas reached the lowest indi-
ces during its history (50% decrease) (Sereda, 2014).
In the context of fuel and energy sector, the notion of
reliability means determination of such structure of ener-
gy economy which would provide consumers with the
required amount of necessary product (electricity and the
energy carrier – heat, gas, oil, coal etc.) of adequate qual-
ity; besides situations potentially adverse to life and
environment should be excluded. First of all, reliability is
O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova. (2017). Mining of Mineral Deposits, 11(1), 17-22
19
characterized by failure-free performance, stability, mode
control, safety, and durability. Durability holds the most
unique position among them as it is an exceptionally
systemic property feature. It goes without saying that
major disturbances (such as natural hazards or active
external factors (i.e. military operations) are hardly pre-
dictable and cannot be clearly defined.
The situation requiring restoration of social stability
and Donbas coal region potential, impaired by war, pre-
sents a multi-stage distribution problem. The essence of
this problem is: it is vital to restore companies which are
sources of energy as well as electricity consumers by the
end of the planning period in spatially separated points of
a given region. The options for mines’ potential recovery
and their maximum achievable capacity are known.
Let us introduce the following notation. Xli
2j – volume
of coal deliveries from i-th mine to the j-th power plant;
X2j
s – electricity supply from the j-th power plant to s-th
consumer; X2j
li – unused capacity of li-th mine; f1 – the
cost of producing one thousand tons of coal in i-th mine;
f2 – the costs of producing one million kW-h of electrici-
ty by j-th power plant; ui – the cost of transporting
one ton of coal from i-th mine to j-th power plant;
λi – power losses and costs of its transmission from j-th
power plant to s-th consumer; Mi, Mj, M2i – the maximum
possible capacities of mines, power plants and processing
plants respectively; Ds – demand of s-th consumer;
γi – need of i-th mine in electric power; l1i, l2i – labour
productivity at i-th mine and processing plant respectively;
LR – the number of working-age population in the region.
The problem is described by the following system of
relations.
To minimize:
[ ] ++ ++=
= = ==
1 2 32
1 1 1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
n
i
n
j
n
s
s
j
j
i
n
j
j
i
j
i
i uXufF λ
=+
= =
2 1
1 1
1
2
1
2 min
n
j
n
i
i
j
i
j Xu . (1)
On condition that:
=+ =+
==
12
1
22
2
1
2
1
1
11
2
1
n
i
jj
j
i
j
i
n
j
ii
j
i MXXMXX λ ; (2)
=++
= =
3 1
1 1
22
1
22
n
s
n
i
jj
i
j
s
j MXXX ; (3)
s
n
j
s
j
s
j DX =
=
2
1
22λ ; (4)
=
==
22
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
n
j
j
ii
n
j
i
j
i
j XX γλ ; (5)
R
n
i
n
i i
i
i
i L
l
M
l
M
≤ +
= =
1 2
1 1 2
2
1
1 . (6)
The best indicators of a region development are living
standards of its population. The living standard indicator
has a complex structure. The core of it is the level of cash
income. However, this level is also heterogeneous, as it
includes incomes from production and non-production
activities. Ultimately, it boils down to the necessity to
ensure all members of society with a certain standard of
living not worse than that in other regions. It is in this
sense that we should talk about balanced development of
coal-producing regions. These requirements are imple-
mented in the production organization of each region,
which is a specific territorial economic complex. It pro-
vides the most efficient development of productive forces
in order to ultimately meet the demand of the country for
finished coal products, manufactured in the region, and
to satisfy the local needs most completely. Such are the
highlights of planning economic development in the
regions, distinguished by monoproduction – coal mining
(Salli, Mamaykin, Ashcheulova, & Salieiev, 2014).
Consequently, durability of integrated systems in the
energy sector may be defined as an ability to withstand
major disturbances (either unanticipated or consciously
inflicted) preserving capability of functioning with ac-
ceptable indices of efficiency and backing up. While
considering such energy systems as FEC, one should
bear in mind that levels of the industry reserve may de-
crease owing to interchangeability of energy resources.
Thus, durability in the context of FEC progress optimiza-
tion is a result of intersystem backup.
The possible flow approach to optimizing the devel-
opment of fuel and energy sector components taking into
account its durability and heuristic algorithm comprises
determination of the economically expedient reserve
considering the following factors: mining, processing,
and transportation of fuel and energy resources as well as
their storage and consumption. To determine the opti-
mum flow distribution is to solve generalized network
transportation problem concerning a flow of minimum
costs with limited possibilities of certain arcs (Kulik,
Yufa, & Dunaev, 1992). The sequence of emergency
situations is considered in accordance with decrease in
the flow value within arcs of the network in terms of
standard operation mode. The algorithm is heuristic one
as the obtained improved productivity of the network
components is the baseline to meet the requirements of
network nodes in case of any emergency situation.
Formalization of fuel and energy sector algorithm is
shown in the form of oriented graph. As it is known,
oriented network, or oriented linear graph G = [N, А]
consists of N group of х, у components together with А
set of certain normalized pairs of (х, у) components taken
from N. As the present paper is aimed at quantitative
estimation of mine network capacity, it is assumed that N
is a finite set. Components of N set are denominated in
different ways: nodes, peaks, connection points or points;
components of А set are denominated as arcs, links,
branches or edges. In our case, terms “peaks” and “arcs”
will be used. Without limiting generality, we may sup-
pose that the flow direction along each arc is known; and
line-segment function of expenses consists of two parts
that describe the current state of the component as well
as its intensification (Ford & Falkerson, 1966).
Thus, for each pair ( )ji, , two arcs ( )l
ij
l
ij dx
11
, have
been determined where xij is the flow value in terms of an
arc; dij is capacity; l is emergency mode index (l = 1 is
the first emergency).
O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova. (2017). Mining of Mineral Deposits, 11(1), 17-22
20
In this context, emergency at the resource point (pow-
er plant, mine, oil-processing plant etc.) or emergency in
traffic arteries (petroleum- and gas lines, railways etc.) are
considered. Algorithm of successive intensification of the
network in terms of emergency modes consideration is as
follows (Kulik, Yufa, & Dunaev, 1992).
Step one determines optimum flow distribution in the
standard mode; that is if:
( )00
11
,0 ==−= l
ij
l
ij dxl ; ( )0
2
;0 =l
ijd . (7)
Step two models the first emergency consequences
and identifies optimum flow distribution. It is quite pos-
sible that emergency simulation will not result in (i, j)
intensification; that is arcs are transferred into capacity of
the available one while the limitation in capacity of the
intensified arc is reduced by:
( )101
211
, === + l
ij
l
ij
l
ij xdx ; ( )11
22
,0 == − l
ij
l
ij xd . (8)
The algorithm has a universal nature regarding con-
vex line-segment models of FEC progress as the con-
vexity is used in the process of recomputing arcs capaci-
ty. Thus, the rank of emergency situations in the order of
descending optimum flows values in the standard mode
helps determine searching sequence resulting in optimum
decision achieved by the minimum number of steps of
computational algorithm. Given disruption of flow values
along different arcs, the number of steps does not depend
on their search order.
Currently the warfare has affected many mining
towns, where mining industry is town-forming, and
mines are generally unprofitable. 70% of coal is mined in
private mines; which is explained by the fact that only
best enterprises with vast reserves and newer stationary
equipment went private. However, there are several state-
owned unprofitable mines which are attractive for inves-
tors; that is why they should be maintained at the level of
simple recovery. Another category comprises state-
owned mines with sufficient reserves; though, their de-
velopment is too expensive today. Such enterprises
should be temporarily closed. There are also 30 dying
enterprises (with 900 employees ) that should be closed
as they produce only 50 – 70 tons of coal a day. Thus, the
state should allocate UAH 10 – 12 mln from the budget
for each of them monthly.
It should be taken into account that the reduction of
domestic fuel production and the increase of its import
deteriorate social situation, cut the number of jobs, worsen
the overall social and economic state of the country. No
country in the world except Ukraine grounds its energy
strategy on the imported fuel ignoring its own energy carri-
ers. Ukraine is the only country where volumes of natural
gas consumption (mainly imported) are 1.7 times bigger
than the volumes of coal consumption (of domestic produc-
tion mostly). As a result, the share of expensive imported
natural gas in Ukrainian FEC sector is twice as big as its
share in the global FEC (45.5 and 22.8% respectively).
It is necessary to increase coal volumes and share (at
the expense of the decrease in natural gas share) in terms
of Ukrainian energy consumption. Such increase is pos-
sible (within the initial period at least) owing to the
growth of the domestic production. If after reaching a
certain level it will become clear that further growth of
the output is not economically feasible; increase in coal
consumption can be compensated partially by its import,
given the world coal market is competitive and cannot be
monopolized. Ukrainian government plans to enhance
coal import and prohibits its export from Ukraine on
order to direct it to the domestic needs. The country has
already purchased one mln tons of coal from South Afri-
ca and started negotiation process with the USA on the
delivery of coal or an alternative fuel required for ther-
mal power stations.
Such transformation of Ukrainian FEC will improve
both economic and social situation in the country. Be-
sides, it will reduce foreign currency load on the national
economy (Bensh, 2014).
In conditions of limited currency resources for energy
carriers import and possibilities of their supply diversifi-
cation, the above measures are the objective prerequisite
for increasing the role of coal industry in maintaining
energy safety of the state at an adequate level, and allow-
ing for a certain flexibility in energy resources supply to
Ukraine if the situation on the world energy market
changes. However, lack of clear and qualitatively deter-
mined and legislatively formalized demands concerning
reaching the required level of energy safety of the state,
unprofitability of the majority of operating coal mines,
and annually increasing need in state financial support
stipulate uncertainty of the situation as for the strategic
progress of the industry.
That is why the first step to overcome separatism
consequences in Western regions of Ukraine is stabiliza-
tion of the situation and further steady development of
the coal branch in order to increase the level of energy
safety of the state. In this context, economic priorities of
the industry should embrace the demands of energy safe-
ty and principles of market economy.
3. CONCLUSIONS
1. Ukraine is on the threshold of the situation when
lack of coal at thermal power stations (TPS) may result
in irregularities of electric power supply. 42% of power
generating facilities in the country use coal. Nuclear
power stations generate other 58% of electric power.
Unfortunately, TPSs using coal cannot replace nuclear
power stations.
2. Planning of fuel and energy balance of Ukraine
needs consideration of emergency situations which re-
quires strengthening of certain resource stocks or
transport communications.
3. Currently, it is essential to transform structural
fund of the industry by increasing significance of coal
in maintaining energy safety of the state, and ensuring
certain flexibility in energy resources supply to Ukraine
if it joins EU.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors express their gratitude to Laureate of
National Prize of Ukraine, Doctor of Technical Sciences,
Professor, Head of the Underground Mining Department,
Volodymyr Bondarenko for his guidance while perform-
ing work on this topic.
O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova. (2017). Mining of Mineral Deposits, 11(1), 17-22
21
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ABSTRACT (IN UKRAINIAN)
Мета. Оцінити головні чинники та індикатори національної економічної безпеки, зокрема ступеня забезпе-
ченості країни основними природними ресурсами, які зумовлюють тенденції світового енергоспоживання.
Методика. Проведено аналіз елементів паливно-енергетичного комплексу України з урахуванням живучос-
ті та евристичний алгоритм знаходження економічно обґрунтованого резерву. Завдання знаходження оптима-
льного потокорозподілення вирішене методом графів.
Результати. Проранжовані аварійні ситуації у порядку зменшення величини оптимальних потоків у норма-
льному режимі, визначено послідовність перебору, що призводить за мінімальне число кроків обчислювального
алгоритму до оптимального рішення.
Наукова новизна. Розроблено універсальний алгоритм розвитку паливно-енергетичного комплексу України.
Практична значимість. Встановлено, що живучість інтегрованих систем енергетики можна визначити як
властивість протистояти великомасштабним зовнішнім обуренням, зберігаючи здатність функціонувати із до-
пустимими показниками ефективності та резервування. При розгляді суттєвих енергетичних систем рівні галу-
зевого резерву можуть знижуватися за рахунок взаємозамінності енергетичних ресурсів.
Ключові слова: паливно-енергетичний комплекс, оптимальне потокорозподілення, показники ефективнос-
ті, аварія, галузевий резерв, енергоспоживання
ABSTRACT (IN RUSSIAN)
Цель. Оценить главные факторы и индикаторы национальной экономической безопасности, в частности
степени обеспеченности страны основными природными ресурсами, обуславливающими тенденции мирового
энергопотребления.
Методика. Произведен анализ элементов топливно-энергетического комплекса Украины с учетом живуче-
сти и эвристический алгоритм нахождения экономически обоснованного резерва. Задача нахождения опти-
мального потокораспределения решена методом графов.
Результаты. Проранжированы аварийные ситуации в порядке убывания величины оптимальных потоков в
нормальном режиме, определена последовательность перебора, что приводит за минимальное число шагов
вычислительного алгоритма к оптимальному решению.
Научная новизна. Разработан универсальный алгоритм развития топливно-энергетического комплекса
Украины.
Практическая значимость. Установлено, что живучесть интегрированных систем энергетики можно опреде-
лить как свойство противостоять крупномасштабным внешним возмущением, сохраняя способность функциони-
ровать с допустимыми показателями эффективности и резервирования. При рассмотрении крупных энергетиче-
ских систем уровни отраслевого резерва могут снижаться за счет взаимозаменяемости энергетических ресурсов.
Ключевые слова: топливно-энергетический комплекс, оптимальное потокораспределение, показатели
эффективности, авария, отраслевой резерв, энергопотребление
ARTICLE INFO
Received: 25 October 2016
Accepted: 12 January 2017
Available online: 30 March 2017
O. Mamaikin, J. Kicki, S. Salli, V. Horbatova. (2017). Mining of Mineral Deposits, 11(1), 17-22
22
ABOUT AUTHORS
Oleksandr Mamaikin, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Underground Mining Department,
National Mining University, 19 Yavornytskoho Ave., 4/58, 49005, Dnipro, Ukraine. E-mail: mamaykin@yahoo.com
Jerzy Kicki, Doctor of Philosophy, Head of the Division of Mineral Resource Acquisition, Mineral and Energy
Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 7 Wybickiego St, 31-261, Krakow, Poland.
E-mail: jkicki@min-pan.krakow.pl
Serhii Salli, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Underground Mining Department, National
Mining University, 19 Yavornytskoho Ave., 4/62, 49005, Dnipro, Ukraine. E-mail: ad000957@yandex.ua
Viktoria Horbatova, Student of the Underground Mining Department, National Mining University, 19 Yavornytskoho Ave.,
49005, Dnipro, Ukraine. E-mail: vika_v62@mail.ru
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