Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals

Збережено в:
Бібліографічні деталі
Дата:2011
Автори: Oleshko, V.I., Vilchinskaya, S.S., Lisitsyn, V.M., Korepanov, V.I.
Формат: Стаття
Мова:English
Опубліковано: НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України 2011
Назва видання:Functional Materials
Теми:
Онлайн доступ:https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/135561
Теги: Додати тег
Немає тегів, Будьте першим, хто поставить тег для цього запису!
Назва журналу:Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Цитувати:Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals / V.I. Oleshko, S.S. Vilchinskaya, V.M. Lisitsyn, V.I. Korepanov // Functional Materials. — 2011. — Т. 18, № 4. — С. 457-461. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ.

Репозитарії

Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
id nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-135561
record_format dspace
spelling nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1355612025-02-09T11:12:43Z Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals Випромінювальні характеристики донорно-акцепторних пар у кристалах ZnSe і CdS Oleshko, V.I. Vilchinskaya, S.S. Lisitsyn, V.M. Korepanov, V.I. Characterization and properties 2011 Article Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals / V.I. Oleshko, S.S. Vilchinskaya, V.M. Lisitsyn, V.I. Korepanov // Functional Materials. — 2011. — Т. 18, № 4. — С. 457-461. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ. 1027-5495 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/135561 en Functional Materials application/pdf НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України
institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
collection DSpace DC
language English
topic Characterization and properties
Characterization and properties
spellingShingle Characterization and properties
Characterization and properties
Oleshko, V.I.
Vilchinskaya, S.S.
Lisitsyn, V.M.
Korepanov, V.I.
Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals
Functional Materials
format Article
author Oleshko, V.I.
Vilchinskaya, S.S.
Lisitsyn, V.M.
Korepanov, V.I.
author_facet Oleshko, V.I.
Vilchinskaya, S.S.
Lisitsyn, V.M.
Korepanov, V.I.
author_sort Oleshko, V.I.
title Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals
title_short Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals
title_full Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals
title_fullStr Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals
title_full_unstemmed Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals
title_sort emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in znse and cds crystals
publisher НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України
publishDate 2011
topic_facet Characterization and properties
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/135561
citation_txt Emission characteristics of donor-acceptor pairs in ZnSe and CdS crystals / V.I. Oleshko, S.S. Vilchinskaya, V.M. Lisitsyn, V.I. Korepanov // Functional Materials. — 2011. — Т. 18, № 4. — С. 457-461. — Бібліогр.: 7 назв. — англ.
series Functional Materials
work_keys_str_mv AT oleshkovi emissioncharacteristicsofdonoracceptorpairsinznseandcdscrystals
AT vilchinskayass emissioncharacteristicsofdonoracceptorpairsinznseandcdscrystals
AT lisitsynvm emissioncharacteristicsofdonoracceptorpairsinznseandcdscrystals
AT korepanovvi emissioncharacteristicsofdonoracceptorpairsinznseandcdscrystals
AT oleshkovi vipromínûvalʹníharakteristikidonornoakceptornihparukristalahznseícds
AT vilchinskayass vipromínûvalʹníharakteristikidonornoakceptornihparukristalahznseícds
AT lisitsynvm vipromínûvalʹníharakteristikidonornoakceptornihparukristalahznseícds
AT korepanovvi vipromínûvalʹníharakteristikidonornoakceptornihparukristalahznseícds
first_indexed 2025-11-25T21:03:41Z
last_indexed 2025-11-25T21:03:41Z
_version_ 1849797778692112384
fulltext (PLVVLRQ�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV�RI�GRQRU�DFFHSWRUSDLUV�LQ�=Q6H DQG�&G6 FU\VWDOV� 9�,�2OHVKNR��6�6�9LOFKLQVND\D��9�0�/LVLWV\Q��9�,�.RUHSDQRY 1DWLRQDO�5HVHDUFK�7RPVN�3RO\WHFKQLFDO�8QLYHUVLW\� ���/HQLQD�$YH����������7RPVN��5XVVLD 5HFHLYHG�-XO\�������� 7KH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�RI�XQGRSHG�PRQRFU\VWDOV�RI�&G6�DQG�=Q6H�ZDV�VWXGLHG��,W�KDV�EHHQ IRXQG�WKDW�LQ�SXOVH�FDWKRGROXPLQHVFHQFH�VSHFWUD�RI�WKH�FU\VWDOV�DW����.�FRQVLVW�RI�VKRUW� ZDYH� DQG� ORQJ�ZDYH� VHULHV� RI� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� EDQGV� ZLWK� WKH� HTXLGLVWDQW� VWUXFWXUH�� 7KH WHPSHUDWXUH�GHSHQGHQFH�RI�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�LQWHQVLW\�LQ�LQWHUYDO�RI���Ü���.�DQG�VSHFWUD�RI DIWHUJORZ�LQ�LQWHUYDO���Ü��WR���Ü��V�ZHUH�LQYHVWLJDWHG� jÏ��ËÓº�}¯ÈËmºË�ÒÏã��ËÓÒË�ÓËãË�Ò¯ºmÈÓÓ©²�äºÓº}¯Ò°�Èããºm�&G6�Ò�=Q6H���°�ÈÓºm� ãËÓº�� ��º� m� °¹Ë}�¯È²� Òä¹�ã °Óº®� }È�º�ºã äÒÓ˰�ËÓ�ÒÒ� }¯Ò°�Èããºm� ¹¯Ò� �Ëä¹Ë¯È��¯Ë ���z�ÓÈ­ã �È �°«��mË�°Ë¯ÒÒ�¹ºãº°�}¯ÈËmº�º�ÒÏã��ËÓÒ«�°�ª}mÒ�Ò°�ÈÓ�Óº®�°�¯�}��¯º®�Û }º¯º�}ºmºãÓºmÈ«� °Ë¯Ò«� Ò� �ãÒÓÓºmºãÓºmÈ«�� j°°ãË�ºmÈÓÈ� �Ëä¹Ë¯È��¯ÓÈ«� ÏÈmÒ°Ò亰� }¯ÈËmº�º�ÒÏã��ËÓÒ«�m�ÒÓ�˯mÈãË���Ü���z�Ò�°¹Ë}�¯©�¹º°ã˰mË�ËÓÒ«�m��ÒȹÈϺÓË�º����Ü� �º���Ü��°�� ,��,QWURGXFWLRQ $�%��FRPSRXQGV�DUH�SURPLVLQJ�PDWHULDOVLQ�RSWRHOHFWURQLFV�DQG�LQIUDUHG�WHFKQRORJLHV� +RZHYHU�� WKH� GDWD� RQ� OXPLQHVFHQFH� FHQWUHV LQ�XQGRSHG�&G6�FU\VWDOV�KDYH�QRW�EHHQ�V\V� WHPDWL]HG�� DQG� DUH� UDWKHU� FRQWUDGLFWRU\�� ,Q SDUWLFXODU�� RQH� RI� WKH� PRVW� FKDOOHQJLQJ WDVNV� LV� WKH� GHWHUPLQDWLRQ� RI� PLFURVFRSLF QDWXUH�RI�WKH�GHIHFWV�FDXVLQJ�WKH�HGJH�HPLV� VLRQ� LQ�$�%�� VHPLFRQGXFWRUV� >�Ü�@�� 7KH� UH�FHQW�VWXGLHV�RI�WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�KDYH�EHHQ PDLQO\�IRFXVHG�RQ�VSHFWUDO�UHVSRQVH�FKDUDF� WHULVWLFV��ZKLFK�LV�LQVXIILFLHQW�IRU�WKH�LGHQ� WLILFDWLRQ� RI� LWV� QDWXUH�� 7KLV� ZRUN� VXPPD� UL]HV� WKH� UHVXOWV� RI� WKH� VWXG\� RI� WKH� HGJH HPLVVLRQ� VSHFWUDO�NLQHWLF� FKDUDFWHULVWLFV� RI XQGRSHG� FDGPLXP� VXOSKLGH� DQG� ]LQF� VH� OHQLGH�ZLWK�GLIIHUHQW�KLVWRU\� ���0DWHULDO�DQG�PHWKRGV 7KH� KH[DJRQDO� FDGPLXP� VXOSKLGH� DQG FXELF� ]LQF� VHOHQLGH� PRQRFU\VWDOV� ZHUH� FKR� VHQ�IRU�WKH� LQYHVWLJDWLRQ��7KH�EXON�FU\VWDOV ZHUH� REWDLQHG� E\� 'DY\GRY�0DUNRY� PHWKRG >�@��7KH�&G6�VDPSOHV�ZHUH�LQ�WKH�IRUP�RI�D ��PP�WKLFN�SODWH��DQG�WKH\�ZHUH�FXW�IURP�D EORFN� SHUSHQGLFXODU� WR� &� RSWLFDO� D[LV�� 7KH FXW� VXUIDFHV� ZHUH� SROLVKHG� E\� PHFKDQLFDO PHDQV�� 7KH� OXPLQHVFHQFH� ZDV� H[FLWHG� E\� D KHDY\�FXUUHQW� HOHFWURQ� EHDP� ZLWK� WKH� IRO� ORZLQJ� SDUDPHWHUV�� WKH� HOHFWURQV� DYHUDJH HQHUJ\�ZDV�a����0H9��KDOI�DPSOLWXGH�GXUD� WLRQ�a���QV��7KH�HOHFWURQ�EHDP�HQHUJ\�GHQ� VLW\�ZDV�UHJXODWHG�ZLWKLQ���Ü�Ü��Ü��-�FP�� 5HVLGXDO� JDV� SUHVVXUH� LQ� WKH� H[SHULPHQWDO FKDPEHU�ZDV� a��Ü��3D��WHPSHUDWXUH�a���.� 7KH�VDPSOH�ZDV�VHW�DW�DQ�DQJOH�����WRZDUGV WKH� HOHFWURQ� VWUHDP� SURSDJDWLRQ�� /XPLQHV� FHQFH� VSHFWUD� ZHUH� PHDVXUHG� E\� PHDQV� RI WKH�SXOVLQJ�VSHFWURPHWHU�LQ�D�VSHFWUDO�UDQJH RI����Ü����QP��7KH�JORZ�RI�WKH�VDPSOH�ZDV SURMHFWHG� WR� WKH� HQWUDQFH� VOLW� RI� 0'5���� PRQRFKURPDWRU�E\�PHDQV�RI�D�OHQV��DQG�ZDV UHJLVWHUHG� E\� )(8���� SKRWRHOHFWULF� PXOWL� SOLHU�DQG�7HNWURQL[�7'6������PHPRU\�RVFLO� ORVFRSH�� 7LPH� UHVROXWLRQ� RI� WKH� UHFRUGLQJ FKDQQHO�ZDV�a����QV��WKH�VSHFWUDO�UHVROXWLRQ ZDV�a��������H9��� )XQFWLRQDO�0DWHULDOV�����1R��������� �������Û�67&��,QVWLWXWH�IRU�6LQJOH�&U\VWDOV� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� ��� ���5HVXOWV� 7KH�VWXG\�RI�WKH�ODUJH�JURXS�RI�XQGRSHG &G6� DQG�=Q6H� FU\VWDOV� JURZQ� IURP� YDSRXU SKDVH� E\� WKH� VXEOLPDWLRQ� PHWKRG� VKRZHG WKDW�WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�ZDV�REVHUYHG�LQ�PD� MRULW\�RI�VXFK�FU\VWDOV��7KH�QXPEHU�RI�VHULHV DQG�WKH�EDQG�LQWHQVLW\�GHSHQGHG�RQ�WKH�KLV� WRU\�RI�FU\VWDOV��)LJ����DQG���VKRZ�WKH�HGJH HPLVVLRQ� VSHFWUD� RI�&G6�1R����PHDVXUHG�DW GLIIHUHQW� WLPHV� DIWHU� WKH� H[FLWDWLRQ� SXOVH� $V� FDQ� EH� VHHQ� RQ� WKH� )LJXUH�� WKH� GLVWLQFW VKRUW� ZDYH� VHULHV� LV� REVHUYHG� ZLWKLQ� WKH UDQJH� IURP� ��� WR� ���� QV� LQ� WKH� OXPLQHV� FHQFH� VSHFWUXP� RI� WKH� VDPSOH�� 7KH� VHULHV KDV� WKH� PD[LPXP� SULQFLSDO� ]HUR� SKRQRQ OLQH�DW�O� �����QP��ZLWK�LWV����RU���/2�SKR� QRQ�UHSHWLWLRQV�DW�����DQG�����QP��)LJ����� (QHUJ\� VSDFLQJ� EHWZHHQ� VHSDUDWH� SHDNV� RI WKH� ILQH� VWUXFWXUH� RI� WKH� VKRUW�ZDYH� VHULHV LV� HTXDO� WR� WKH� /2�SKRQRQ� HQHUJ\� RI� WKH &G6� ODWWLFH� ������� H9��� 'XH� WR� WKH� TXLFN DWWHQXDWLRQ�RI� WKH� VKRUW�ZDYH� VHULHV� LQ� WKH HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� VSHFWUXP� RI�&G6� 1R��� FU\V� WDO�� WKH� ORQJ� ZDYH� VHULHV� RI� HTXLGLVWDQW HPLVVLRQ�OLQHV�LV�GRPLQDWLQJ�DIWHU���PV��ZLWK WKH�PD[LPXP�SULQFLSDO�OLQH�DW�O� �����QP�DQG LWV� � ���� ���� ��/2� SKRQRQ� UHSHWLWLRQV� DW �����������DQG�����QP��)LJ������,W�ZDV�GLV� FRYHUHG�� WKDW� WKH� ORQJ�ZDYH� VHULHV� LQ� WKLV VDPSOH� LV� FKDUDFWHUL]HG� E\� D� SURORQJHG� DI� WHUJORZ�a����V� $V� LV� VHHQ� RQ� )LJ���� DQG� ��� WKH� HGJH HPLVVLRQ� OLQHV� HYHQWXDOO\� VKLIW� WRZDUGV ORZHU�HQHUJLHV�� )LJ����VKRZV�WLPH�UHVROYHG�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ VSHFWUD�RI�WZR�]LQF�VHOHQLGH�FU\VWDOV�RI�GLI� IHUHQW� KLVWRU\�� =Q6H� 1R��� DQG� =Q6H� 1R��� $V�LV�VHHQ�RQ�)LJ�����=Q6H�1R���VDPSOH�SUR� YLGHV� RQH� VKRUW�ZDYH� VHULHV� RI� WKH� HGJH HPLVVLRQ� ZLWK� WKH� PD[LPXP� ]HUR� SKRQRQ OLQH�DW�O� �������QP��ZKLOH�=Q6H�1R���FU\V� WDO�SURYLGHV�WZR�VHULHV�RI�WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ� D� ORQJ�ZDYH�VHULHV�DQG�D�VKRUW�ZDYH�VHULHV� ZLWK�PD[LPXP�SULPDU\�OLQHV�DW�O�� �����QPDQG� O� ����� QP�� DFFRUGLQJO\�� (QHUJ\� VSDF� LQJ� EHWZHHQ� VHSDUDWH� SHDNV� RI� WKH� ILQH VWUXFWXUH� RI� WKH� VKRUW� ZDYH� DQG� WKH� ORQJ ZDYH� VHULHV� LV� HTXDO� WR� WKH� /2�SKRQRQ� HQ� HUJ\� RI� WKH� =Q6H� ODWWLFH� ������� H9���:LWK WKH� LQFUHDVH� LQ� WLPH�� PD[LPD� RI� WKH� ORQJ ZDYH� DQG� WKH� VKRUW� ZDYH� VHULHV� VKLIW� WR� ZDUGV�WKH�ORQJ�ZDYH�UHJLRQ�� 7KH� FKDQJH� RI� WKH� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� VSHF� WUXP� RI� =Q6H� 1R��� LQGLFDWHV� WKDW� VKRUW ZDYH� JORZ� LQWHQVLW\� LV� JHQHUDOO\� KLJKHU� ZKLOH� WKH� DWWHQXDWLRQ� WLPH� LV� VKRUWHU� LQ FRPSDULVRQ�ZLWK� WKH� ORQJ�ZDYH� VHULHV�� 7KH ORJDULWKPLF�UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ�RI�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ DWWHQXDWLRQ� FXUYHV� GHPRQVWUDWHG� WKDW� DW� WHQXDWLRQ� NLQHWLFV� ZHUH� QRW� H[SRQHQWLDO� DQG�FDQ�KDUGO\�EH�DSSUR[LPDWHG�ZLWK�H[SR� QHQWLDO� VHJPHQWV�� ,W� ZDV� RQO\� SRVVLEOH� WR FRQYHQWLRQDOO\� GHILQH� WKH� TXLFN� SULPDU\ VHJPHQW� DQG� WKH� VORZ� VXEVHTXHQW� VHJPHQW� =Q6H� 1R��� VDPSOH� GHPRQVWUDWHG� WKH� GH� FUHDVH�LQ�WKH�KDOI�ZLGWK�RI�VHSDUDWH�OLQHV�RI WKH� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� HTXLGLVWDQW� VWUXFWXUH ZLWK�WLPH�� :H� VWXGLHG� WKH� GHSHQGHQFH� RI� WKH� HGJH HPLVVLRQ� LQWHQVLW\� RQ� WHPSHUDWXUH�� :H IRXQG� WKDW� DV� WKH� WHPSHUDWXUH� LQFUHDVHG� WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�ZDV�VXEMHFW�WR�WKH�VWURQJ WKHUPDO� TXHQFKLQJ� �)LJ����� ���� 7KH� TXHQFK� LQJ� DFWLYDWLRQ� HQHUJ\� �OPD[�a�����QP��&G61R����� FDOFXODWHG� RQ� WKH� EDVLV� RI� WKH� WHP� SHUDWXUH� GHSHQGHQFH� OQ��W� �I���7��� HTXDOV WR������H9��ZKLFK�FRUUHVSRQGV�WR�WKH�GRQRU OHYHO�LQ�FDGPLXP�VXOSKLGH� )LJ����� 6SHFWUD�RI�WKH�ORQJ�ZDYH�VHULHV�RI�&G6 1R���HGJH�HPLVVLRQ����Û���PV����Û����PV����Û����PV� )LJ����� 6SHFWUD� RI� WKH� VKRUW� ZDYH� VHULHV� RI &G6� 1R��� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ�� � ��Û� ��� QV�� ��Û ����QV����Û�����QV����Û�����QV� 9�,�2OHVKNR�HW�DO����(PLVVLRQ�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV�RI���� ��� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� ���5HVXOWV�GLVFXVVLRQ $OO� WKH� REVHUYHG� SDWWHUQV� FKDUDFWHUL]LQJ WKH� &G6� DQG� =Q6H� HPLVVLRQ� EDQGV� ORFDWHG QHDU�WKH�HGJH�RI�IXQGDPHQWDO�DEVRUSWLRQ�DUH W\SLFDO� IRU� WKH� OXPLQHVFHQFH� RI� GRQRU�DF� FHSWRU� SDLUV� >�Ü�@�� LQ� SDUWLFXODU�� WKH� SUHV� HQFH� RI� WKH� HTXLGLVWDQW� VWUXFWXUH� LQ� WKH HPLVVLRQ�VSHFWUXP�FKDUDFWHUL]LQJ� WKH� LQWHU� DFWLRQ�ZLWK� SKRQRQV� RI� WKLV� ODWWLFH�� WKH� NL� QHWLFV�RI�GRQRU�DFFHSWRU�OXPLQHVFHQFH�LV�QRW H[SRQHQWLDO�� WKH� GLIIHUHQFH� RI� OXPLQHVFHQFH VSHFWUD� PHDVXUHG� DW� GLIIHUHQW� WLPHV� DIWHU H[FLWDWLRQ�SXOVH��$W�VWDUWLQJ�PRPHQWV�DIWHU WKH� H[FLWDWLRQ�� UHFRPELQDWLRQ� XVXDOO\� LQ� YROYHV�VKRUW�UDQJH�SDLUV��%HFDXVH�RI�WKH�ORZ SRVVLELOLW\� RI� LQWHULPSXULW\� WUDQVLWLRQV� ORQJ�UDQJH� SDLUV� LOOXPLQDWH� ODWHU�� $V� D� UH� VXOW��ZLWK�WKH�WLPH�UXQQLQJ�DIWHU�WKH�H[FLWD� WLRQ� SXOVH�� WKH� VKRUW� ZDYH� VHULHV� DQG� WKH ORQJ� ZDYH� VHULHV� EDQGV� RI� &G6� 1R��� VKLIW WRZDUGV� WKH� ORQJ� ZDYH� �ORZ� HQHUJ\�� VSHF� WUXP�UHJLRQ�IRU�������DQG�������H9�DFFRUG� LQJO\�� ZKLOH� WKH� VKRUW� ZDYH� VHULHV� DQG� WKH ORQJ�ZDYH�VHULHV�EDQGV�RI�RI�=Q6H�1R���DQG =Q6H� 1R��� VKLIW� IRU� ����� H9�� $V� WKH� WHP� SHUDWXUH� JURZV� LQ� WKH� UDQJH� IURP� ��� WR ���.�� WKH� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� LQWHQVLW\� GUDPDWL� FDOO\�GHFUHDVHV��VHH�)LJ��������� )LJ����� (GJH� HPLVVLRQ� VSHFWUD� RI� =Q6H� 1R�� FU\VWDO� �ULJKW�� DQG� =Q6H� 1R��� FU\VWDO� �OHIW� PHDVXUHG�DW�GLIIHUHQW�WLPHV�DIWHU�WKH�H[FLWD� WLRQ�SXOVH�DW�7� ����.� 9�,�2OHVKNR�HW�DO����(PLVVLRQ�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV�RI���� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� ��� 7KH�LVVXHV�RI�HOHFWURQLF�WUDQVLWLRQ�PHFKD� QLVPV�DQG�WKH�QDWXUH�RI�GHIHFWV�UHVSRQVLEOH IRU�YDULRXV� VHULHV� RI� HGJH�HPLVVLRQ� LQ�$�%�FU\VWDOV� DUH� VWLOO� D� VXEMHFW� RI�PDQ\� GLVFXV� VLRQV� >�Ü�@�� ,W� LV� EHOLHYHG� WKDW� GRQRUV� DUH VKDOORZ��IRU�&G6��('� ������Ü������H9��IRU=Q6H�� ('� ������Ü������ H9��� ZKLOH� DF�FHSWRUV� FRUUHVSRQGLQJ� WR� ERWK� VHULHV� DUH GHHS� �IRU� &G6�� ($� �����Ü����� H9��� DQGKDYLQJ� WKH� FRPPRQ� QDWXUH�� 7KH� GRQRU�DF� FHSWRU�SDLU�HPLVVLRQ�RFFXUV�LQ�WKH�IROORZLQJ PDQQHU��7KH�QRQHTXLOLEULXP�HOHFWURQ�LV�FDS� WXUHG� E\� WKH� LRQL]HG� SRVLWLYHO\� FKDUJHG GRQRU�ZLWKRXW�HPLVVLRQ��WKH�HOHFWURQ�KROH�LV FDSWXUHG� E\� WKH� LRQL]HG� DFFHSWRU�� DQG� WKHQ WKH� HPLWWLQJ� WUDQVLWLRQ� RI� WKH� HOHFWURQ� RF� FXUV�IURP�WKH�GRQRU�WR�WKH�DFFHSWRU�� 7KH� HQHUJ\� RI� WKH� HPLWWHG� SKRWRQ� LV� GH� VFULEHG�ZLWK�WKH�IROORZLQJ�IRUPXOD� KQ� �(J����('���($����H��e��HH�5� ��� ZKHUH�('�DQG�($�DUH�HQHUJ\�OHYHO�SRVLWLRQVRI� GRQRU� DQG� DFFHSWRU� OHYHOV� UHODWLYHO\� WR WKH�HGJHV�RI�QHDUHVW�DUHDV��5�LV�WKH�LQWHULP� SXULW\� GLVWDQFH�� H� LV� WKH� GLHOHFWULF� FDSDFL� WDQFH�� )RUPXOD�����LV�SUHVHQWHG�ZLWK�QR�DFFRXQW WDNHQ�RI�WKH�LQILQLWHVLPDO�VXPPDQG�FKDUDF� WHUL]LQJ�WKH�GLIIHUHQFH�EHWZHHQ�WKH�LQWHULP� SXULW\�LQWHUDFWLRQ�DQG�WKH�&RXORPE�LQWHUDF� WLRQ�IRU�WKH�FORVHVW�SDLUV�� 1R� LQYHVWLJDWLRQV� KDYH� EHHQ� FDUULHG� VR IDU� ZKLFK� ZRXOG� XQDPELJXRXVO\� GHVFULEH WKH�SK\VLFDO�DQG�FKHPLFDO�QDWXUH�RI�WKH�GH� IHFWV� UHVSRQVLEOH� IRU� WKH� YDULRXV� VHULHV� RI HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� LQ� XQGRSHG�$�%�� FU\VWDOV�� ,WLV� VXSSRVHG� WKDW� ERWK� RZQ� GHIHFWV� DQG GRSDQW� DWRPV� FDQ� DFW� DV� GRQRUV� DQG� DF� FHSWRUV��$�VHSDUDWH�LQYHVWLJDWLRQ�RI�WKH�QD� WXUH� RI� FHQWUHV� UHVSRQVLEOH� IRU� WKH� HGJH HPLVVLRQ� RI� WKH� FU\VWDOV� LV� UHTXLUHG�� ZKLFK ZRXOG�VXUSDVV�WKH�VFRSH�RI�WKLV�ZRUN� ���&RQFOXVLRQV� � 8VLQJ� WKH� SXOVH� VSHFWURPHWU\� PHWKRG� ZH� PHDVXUHG� WKH� VSHFWUDO� DQG� NLQHWLF� SD� UDPHWHUV� RI� WKH� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ� LQ� XQGRSHG FDGPLXP�VXOSKLGH�DQG�]LQF�VHOHQLGH�FU\VWDOV RI� GLIIHUHQW� SUHKLVWRU\� ZLWKLQ� WKH� UDQJH IURP� ��Ü�� WR� ��Ü�� V� DQG� D� WHPSHUDWXUH� RI ���.��,W�ZDV�IRXQG�RXW�WKDW�WKH�QXPEHU�RI HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�VHULHV��WKHLU�LQWHQVLW\�FRUUHOD� WLRQ�DQG�VSHFWUDO�SRVLWLRQ�DUH�GHWHUPLQHG�E\ WKH� FU\VWDOV� SUHKLVWRU\�� :H� PHDVXUHG� WKH WLPH� VKLIW�RI� VKRUW�ZDYH�DQG� ORQJ�ZDYH�VH� ULHV�RI�WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�RI�DFWXDO�&G6�DQG =Q6H� FU\VWDOV� DIWHU� WKH� H[FLWDWLRQ� SXOVH�� ,W ZDV� GHPRQVWUDWHG� WKDW�� GHSHQGLQJ� RQ� WKH FU\VWDO� W\SH�� WKH� PD[LPD� RI� HGJH� HPLVVLRQ OLQHV� VKLIW� WR� WKH� ORQJ� ZDYH� VSHFWUXP� UH� JLRQV� IRU������Ü������H9��7KH�WHPSHUDWXUH GHSHQGHQFH�RI�WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�ZDV� LQYHV� WLJDWHG��,W�ZDV�UHYHDOHG�WKDW�ZKHQ�WKH�WHP� SHUDWXUH� LQFUHDVHV� ZLWKLQ� D� UDQJH� RI� ��Ü ���.�� WKH� WRWDO� LQWHQVLW\� RI� WKH� HGJH� HPLV� VLRQ� UHGXFHV� PRUH� WKDQ� E\� DQ� RUGHU� RI PDJQLWXGH��7KH�UHVXOWV�RI�WKH�LQYHVWLJDWLRQV VXSSRUW�WKH�GRQRU�DQG�DFFHSWRU�PRGHO�RI�WKH FHQWUHV�UHVSRQVLEOH�IRU�WKH�HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�RI XQGRSHG�&G6�DQG�=Q6H�FU\VWDOV�JURZQ�IURP WKH� YDSRXU� SKDVH� E\� WKH� VXEOLPDWLRQ PHWKRG� 5HIHUHQFHV � ���3�-�'HDQ�� -�/�0HUV�� 3K\V��5HY��� ����� ���� ��������� )LJ�����7HPSHUDWXUH�GHSHQGHQFH�RI�&G6�1R�� HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�LQWHQVLW\��OPD[�a�����QP�� )LJ�����7HPSHUDWXUH�GHSHQGHQFH�RI�=Q6H�1R�� HGJH�HPLVVLRQ�LQWHQVLW\��OPD[�a�����QP�� 9�,�2OHVKNR�HW�DO����(PLVVLRQ�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV�RI���� ��� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� � ���&�%�2K�� -�)�:DQJ�� 0�,VVKLNL�� 3K\V��6WDWXV 6ROLGL�&������������������ � ���.�$NLPRWR��7�0L\DMLPD��<�0RUL��3K\V��5HY��%� ������������������� � ���0�0ROGRYDQ�� 7�+�0\HUV�� 1�*�*LOHV�� -��$SSO� 3K\V�������������������� � ���)�-�%U\DQW�� &�-�5DGIRUG�� -��3K\V��&�6ROLG� 6W� 3K\V������������������� � ���/�6�3HGURWWL��3K\V��5HY�������������������� � ���$�$�'DY\GRY��(�9�0DUNRY��3URFHHGLQJV�RI�WKH 5XVV��$FDG��6FL��6HU��,QRUJDQ��0DWHU����������� �������� {Ò¹¯ºä�Ó mÈã Ó��²È¯È}�˯Ұ�Ò}Ò�ºÓº¯Óº�È}�˹�º¯ÓÒ²�¹È¯���}¯Ò°�ÈãȲ�=Q6H���&G6� {�´��|ãË�}º��v�v�{�ã �ÒÓ° }È��{�l��Ò°Ò�ÒÓ��{�j�zº¯Ë¹ÈÓºm�� {Òm�ËÓº�}¯È¼mË�mÒ¹¯ºä�Ó mÈÓÓ«�ÓËãË�ºmÈÓÒ²�äºÓº}¯Ò°�Èã�m�&G6���=Q6H��{°�ÈÓºmãË� Óº�� �º� �� °¹Ë}�¯È²� �ä¹�ã °Óº�� }È�º�ºã ä�Ó˰�ËÓ���� }¯Ò°�Èã�m� ¹¯Ò� �Ëä¹Ë¯È��¯�� ��� z °¹º°�˯��È � °«� �m�� °Ë¯��� °ä��� }¯È¼mº�º� mÒ¹¯ºä�Ó mÈÓÓ«� Ï� Ë}m��Ò°�ÈÓ�Óº � °�¯�}��� ¯º � Ü� }º¯º�}º²mÒã ºmÈ� °Ë¯�«� �� �ºm�º²mÒã ºmÈ�� iº°ã��ÎËÓº� �Ëä¹Ë¯È��¯Ó�� ÏÈãËÎÓ�°� }¯È¼mº�º�mÒ¹¯ºä�Ó mÈÓÓ«�m� �Ó�˯mÈã��������z� �� °¹Ë}�¯Ò�¹�°ã«°m��ËÓÓ«�����ȹÈϺÓ��m�� ��Ü���º���Ü��°�� � � ���� 9�,�2OHVKNR�HW�DO����(PLVVLRQ�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV�RI���� )XQFWLRQDO�PDWHULDOV������������� ���