Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM

In this paper, capric acid (CA) and palmitic acid (PA) binary PCM/expanded vermiculite (CA-PA/EVM) form stable composite PCM (FS-CPCM) was firstly synthesized by adsorption method. The EVM had the optimal adsorption rate when the mass ratio of CA-PA to EVM was 45:55. The FT-IR results indicated that...

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Опубліковано в: :Functional Materials
Дата:2017
Автори: Xinzhong Zhang, Weizhun Jin, Yajun Lv, Haibin Zhang, Weibing Zhou, Fangyi Ding
Формат: Стаття
Мова:Англійська
Опубліковано: НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України 2017
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Онлайн доступ:https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/136776
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Назва журналу:Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Цитувати:Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM / Xinzhong Zhang, Weizhun Jin, Yajun Lv, Haibin Zhang, Weibing Zhou, Fangyi Ding // Functional Materials. — 2017. — Т. 24, № 3. — С. 481-489. — Бібліогр.: 23 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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author Xinzhong Zhang
Weizhun Jin
Yajun Lv
Haibin Zhang
Weibing Zhou
Fangyi Ding
author_facet Xinzhong Zhang
Weizhun Jin
Yajun Lv
Haibin Zhang
Weibing Zhou
Fangyi Ding
citation_txt Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM / Xinzhong Zhang, Weizhun Jin, Yajun Lv, Haibin Zhang, Weibing Zhou, Fangyi Ding // Functional Materials. — 2017. — Т. 24, № 3. — С. 481-489. — Бібліогр.: 23 назв. — англ.
collection DSpace DC
container_title Functional Materials
description In this paper, capric acid (CA) and palmitic acid (PA) binary PCM/expanded vermiculite (CA-PA/EVM) form stable composite PCM (FS-CPCM) was firstly synthesized by adsorption method. The EVM had the optimal adsorption rate when the mass ratio of CA-PA to EVM was 45:55. The FT-IR results indicated that there was no chemical reaction between binary PCM and EVM. After the thermal cycles for 50 times, the mass loss of the prepared CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM was 2.8%. However, the latent heat was reduced by 16.10%. Furthermore, thermal energy storage (TES) mortar mixes were prepared by replacing sand aggregates with the fabricated CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM. The effect of replacing sand aggregates with CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM on compressive and flexural strength of the mortar mixes was investigated by mechanical experiments. The prepared mortar mixes with CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs aggregate exhibited good thermal performance and could be preferentially potential PCM for thermal regulation and energy saving in buildings.
first_indexed 2025-11-30T14:12:40Z
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fulltext Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 481 ISSN 1027-5495. Functional Materials, 24, No.3 (2017), p. 481-489 doi:https://doi.org/10.15407/fm24.03.481 © 2017 — STC “Institute for Single Crystals” Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM Xinzhong Zhang1, Weizhun Jin1, Yajun Lv2, Haibin Zhang3, Weibing Zhou4, Fangyi Ding2 1 School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Henan, Zhengzhou, 450045, China 2 School of Architecture, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Henan, Zhengzhou 450045, China 3 Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China 4 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China Received February 1, 2017 In this paper, capric acid� ����� and� pa��itic acid� ����� �inar�� ����e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite ���� ����� and� pa��itic acid� ����� �inar�� ����e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite ��������� and� pa��itic acid� ����� �inar�� ����e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite ���� ����� �inar�� ����e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite ��������� �inar�� ����e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite ���� �������� PA/EVM) form stable composite PCM ����CPCM) �as ��rstl�� s���t�esi�e�� b�� a��sorptio� met�o���� ����CPCM) �as ��rstl�� s���t�esi�e�� b�� a��sorptio� met�o��������CPCM) �as ��rstl�� s���t�esi�e�� b�� a��sorptio� met�o���� T�e EVM �a�� t�e optimal a��sorptio� rate ��e� t�e mass ratio of CA�PA to EVM �as 45:55�� T�e �T�IR results i���icate�� t�at t�ere �as �o c�emical reactio� bet�ee� bi�ar�� PCM a��� EVM�� �fter the ther�a� c��c�es for 50 ti�es, the �ass �oss of the prepared� ������EV� FS����� was 2��8%�� Ho�ever, t�e late�t �eat �as re��uce�� b�� 16��10%�� �urt�ermore, t�ermal e�erg�� storage �TE�) mortar mixes �ere prepare�� b�� replaci�g sa��� aggregates �it� t�e fabricate�� CA�PA/ EVM ���CPCM�� T�e effect of replaci�g sa��� aggregates �it� CA�PA/EVM ���CPCM o� com� pressive a��� flexural stre�gt� of t�e mortar mixes �as i�vestigate�� b�� mec�a�ical experime�ts�� T�e prepare�� mortar mixes �it� CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs aggregate ex�ibite�� goo�� t�ermal per� forma�ce a��� coul�� be prefere�tiall�� pote�tial PCM for t�ermal regulatio� a��� e�erg�� savi�g i� buil��i�gs�� Keywords: Capric aci��, palmitic aci��, expa���e�� vermiculite, t�ermal e�erg�� storage, mor� tar mixes�� В данной работе методом адсорбции был впервые синтезирован двойной PCM / рас�и�PCM / рас�и� / рас�и� ренный вермикулит �CA�PA / EVM) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM),CA�PA / EVM) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM),�PA / EVM) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM),PA / EVM) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM), / EVM) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM),EVM) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM),) с испол�зованием комбинированной PCM ����CPCM),��� �FS�������, �FS�������,FS�������,�������,������,��, каприновой кислоты �CA) и пал�митиновой кислоты �PA)�� �� EVM была оптимал�на�� ско�CA) и пал�митиновой кислоты �PA)�� �� EVM была оптимал�на�� ско�) и пал�митиновой кислоты �PA)�� �� EVM была оптимал�на�� ско�PA)�� �� EVM была оптимал�на�� ско�)�� �� EVM была оптимал�на�� ско�EVM была оптимал�на�� ско� была оптимал�на�� ско� рост� адсорбции, когда отно�ение масс CA�PA к EVM составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IRCA�PA к EVM составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IR�PA к EVM составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IRPA к EVM составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IR к EVM составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IREVM составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IR составл��ло 45:55�� �езул�таты �T�IRFT�I���I��I�� показали, что между бинарным PCM и EVM не было �имической реакции�� �осле 50 тер�PCM и EVM не было �имической реакции�� �осле 50 тер� и EVM не было �имической реакции�� �осле 50 тер�EVM не было �имической реакции�� �осле 50 тер� не было �имической реакции�� �осле 50 тер� мически� циклов потери массы подготовленного СА��А / EVM ���CPCM составл��ли 2,8%��EVM ���CPCM составл��ли 2,8%�� ���CPCM составл��ли 2,8%�����CPCM составл��ли 2,8%���CPCM составл��ли 2,8%��CPCM составл��ли 2,8%�� составл��ли 2,8%�� Однако скрыта�� теплота умен��илас� на 16,10%�� Кроме того, материалы дл�� со�ранени�� тепловой энергии �TE�) были получены путем замены песчаны� заполнителей на изготов�TE�) были получены путем замены песчаны� заполнителей на изготов�) были получены путем замены песчаны� заполнителей на изготов� ленную CA�PA / EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме�CA�PA / EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме��PA / EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме�PA / EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме� / EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме�EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме� ���CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме����CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме��CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме�CPCM�� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме��� �е�анические эксперименты исследовали вли��ние заме� щени�� песчаны� заполнителей на СА��А / EVM ���CPCM на прочност� на сжатие и изгибEVM ���CPCM на прочност� на сжатие и изгиб ���CPCM на прочност� на сжатие и изгиб���CPCM на прочност� на сжатие и изгиб�CPCM на прочност� на сжатие и изгибCPCM на прочност� на сжатие и изгиб на прочност� на сжатие и изгиб растворны� смесей�� Готовые растворные смеси с агрегатом CA�PA / EVM ���CPCM демонс�CA�PA / EVM ���CPCM демонс��PA / EVM ���CPCM демонс�PA / EVM ���CPCM демонс� / EVM ���CPCM демонс�EVM ���CPCM демонс� ���CPCM демонс����CPCM демонс��CPCM демонс�CPCM демонс� демонс� трировали �оро�ие тепловые �арактеристики и могли быт� предпочтител�ными потенци� ал�ными PCM дл�� термического регулировани�� и экономии энергии в здани�����PCM дл�� термического регулировани�� и экономии энергии в здани����� дл�� термического регулировани�� и экономии энергии в здани����� 482 Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... 1. ������������������������ Over t�e past ��eca��es, e�erg�� co�sumptio� i� buil��i�gs �as i�crease�� stea��il�� because of t�e gro�t� of populatio� a��� t�e improveme�t of �u� ma� comfort sta���ar��s [1]�� Various activities i� buil��i�gs, suc� as �eati�g, cooli�g, a��� air co�� ��itio�i�g, accou�t for �earl�� 40% of t�e global e�erg�� co�sumptio� [2, 3]�� T�erefore, t�e ef��cie�t use of e�erg�� i� buil��i�gs �as attracte�� i�creas� i�g atte�tio� so as to solve t�e problems of e�erg�� co�sumptio� a��� e�viro�me�tal pollutio��� T�ermal e�erg�� storage �TE�) �as bee� al�a��s regar��e�� as o�e of t�e pote�tial tec�� �iques to e��a�ce e�erg�� ef��cie�c�� i� buil��� i�gs�� Late�t �eat e�erg�� storage b�� orga�ic aci�� PCMs is recog�i�e�� as t�e most attractive amo�g t�ese TE� tec��iques b�� virtue of t�e storage a��� release of �ig� ��e�sit�� e�erg�� at s�a�� te�perat�re �ariations, which can �ain� tain the ind�oor en�iron�ent at the co�forta��e te�perat�re for h��an �od��� [4]�� I� rece�t ��ears, various i�vestigatio�s �ave �een i�p�e�ented� to st�d��� the app�ication of PCMs i� buil��i�gs to mi�imi�e t�e buil��i�g e�� erg�� co�sumptio� [5]�� Due to t�e proper t�ermal storage c�aracteristics a��� c�emical compat� ibilit�� �it� buil��i�g materials, ma��� orga�ic PCMs suc� as fatt�� aci��s, paraf���, �ig� alco� ho�s and� their �i�t�re ha�e �een consid�ered� as the preferred� �atent heat �ateria�s for ther�a� e�erg�� storage i� buil��i�gs [6]�� T�e orga�ic PCMs is ge�erall�� a����e�� i�to t�e late�t �eat materials i� buil��i�g compo� �e�ts suc� as co�crete, g��psum boar��, mortar a��� ot�er buil��i�g e�velopes [7]�� Ho�ever, t�e orga�ic PCMs �as t�e ��isa��va�tages of liqui�� migratio� a��� leakage i� t�e p�ase c�a�ge process�� T�erefore, t�e a����itio� of PCMs i�to supporti�g materials to form stable composite ���s has �een fa�ricated� to a�oid� the a�o�e� me�tio�e�� problem [8]�� Up to �o�, various ma� terials �ave bee� selecte�� as t�e supporti�g ma� trix, suc� as g��psum [9, 10], expa���e�� vermicu� lite [11�13], expa���e�� grap�ite [14�16], perlite [17�19], expa���e�� fl�� as� [20], a��� mo�tmoril� lo�ite [21, 22]�� Vermiculite is a ki��� of p���llosilicate mi�� eral, t�e volume of ��ic� ca� expa��� to 8 to 30 times of its origi�al si�e [23]�� Because of t�e ex� pand�ed� �icrostr�ct�res, the e�pand�ed� �er�ic� ulite is c�aracteri�e�� b�� lig�t �eig�t, lo� t�er� mal co���uctivit�� a��� �ig� porosit���� I� a����itio�, this �ateria� possesses a ���ti�a��er str�ct�re and� is ��ch cheaper co�pared� with so�e oth� er porous supporti�g materials�� T�erefore, t�e e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite is consid�era���� appropri� ate for t�e supporti�g matrix to fabricate form stable composite PCMs i� buil��i�gs�� This paper ai�s to st�d��� the ����� �inar�� ����e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite�������EV��� for� sta��e co�posite ����FS������� for ther�a� en� erg�� utili�atio� i� buil��i�gs�� I� t�is paper, CA�PA �inar�� �ateria� was se�ected� as the ��� �eca�se of t�e proper temperature ra�ge�arou��� 26 °C), a��� expa���e�� vermiculite �as utili�e�� as t�e supporti�g matrix�� Moreover, CA�PA/EVM ��� CPCM �as s���t�esi�e�� b�� a��sorptio� met�o���� The ther�a� propert�� and� ther�a� sta�i�it�� of the FS����� �efore and� after ther�a� c��c�es �ere a�al���e�� b�� D�C, �T�IR, a��� mass loss� es, respectivel���� I� a����itio�, t�e t�ermal stor� age mortar �as prepare�� b�� replaci�g me��ium sa��� aggregate �it� t�e prepare�� CA�PA/EVM ���CPCM�� �i�all��, t�e mec�a�ical a��� t�ermal e�erg�� storage�TE�) properties of t�e mortar co�tai�i�g ���CPCMs fabricate�� �it� ��iffere�t volume fractio�s �ere c�aracteri�e���� 2. P�epa�a���� �f �he ��mp�s��e PCM 2.1 Ma�e��als Capric aci�� �CA, CH3�CH2��8COOH, AR) a��� Palmitic aci�� �PA, CH3�CH2��14COOH, AR)�ere purc�ase�� from Jie�ui C�emical Co��, Lt����, C�i� �a�� Expa���e�� vermiculite �as purc�ase�� from Підготовка та характеристика розчинних сумішей для вермикуліту, що містять суміш органічна кислота / вспученная композиція PCM. X��zh��g Zha�g, We�zh�� J��, Yaj�� Lv, Ha�b�� Zha�g, We�b��g Zh��, Fa�gy� D��g �� даній роботі методом адсорбції був впер�е синтезований подвійний PCM / роз�ирений вермикуліт �CA�PA / EVM) з використанн��м комбінованої PCM ����CPCM), капринової кислоти �CA) і пал�мітинової кислоти �PA)�� �� EVM була оптимал�на �видкіст� адсорбції, коли відно�енн�� мас CA�PA до EVM становило 45:55�� �езул�тати �T�IR показали, що між бінарним PCM і EVM не було �імічної реакції�� �ісл�� 50 термічни� циклів втрати маси підготовленого СА��А / EVM ���CPCM становили 2,8%�� Однак при�ована теплота змен�илас�� на 16,10%�� Крім того, матеріали дл�� збереженн�� теплової енергії �TE�) були отримані �л���ом заміни піщани� заповнювачів на виготовлену CA�PA / EVM ���CPCM�� �е�анічні експерименти досліджували вплив заміщенн�� піщани� заповнювачів на СА��А / EVM ���CPCM на міцніст� на стиск і вигин розчинни� сумі�ей�� Готові розчинні сумі�і з агрегатом CA�PA / EVM ��� CPCM демонстрували �оро�і теплові �арактеристики і могли бути кращими потенційними PCM дл�� термічного регулюванн�� і економії енергії в будівл����� Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 483 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... Table 1�� C�emical compositio� of expa���e�� vermiculite�� �1�1) �onsti� t�te SiO2 ��2O3 Fe2O3 MgO TiO2 Ratio�%) 42��35 14��69 23��53 11��59 0��81 �1�2) �onsti� t�te K2O Na2O �nO E�se Ratio�%) 5��96 1��58 0��045 0��445 Ji�li mi�i�g i���ustr�� co��, Lt���� Table 1 s�o�s t�e c�emical compositio� of t�e EVM�� It ca� be seen that the EV� is �ain��� co�posed� of SiO2, ��2O3, MgO a��� �e2O3�� 2.2 P�epa�a���� �f CA-PA/EVM FS- CPCM First���, the ����� e�tectic �i�t�re was prepare���� Accor��i�g to t�e CA�PA bi�ar�� p�ase ��iagram measure�� b�� cooli�g curve met�o�� as s�o�� i� �ig��1, t�e mass ratios of CA a��� PA i� t�e eutectic mixture �ere ��etermi�e�� as 75�t��% a��� 25�t��%, respectivel���� �eco���l��, t�e CA�PA/ EV� FS����� was fa�ricated� ��� ad�sorption met�o���� EVM ca� �ar��l�� a��sorb a large qua�� tit�� of melti�g PCM b�� simple immersio��� T�is is �eca�se that the inter�a��er space of EV� was blocke�� up �it� t�e impurit��, ��ic� preve�te�� t�e melti�g PCM from e�teri�g t�e la��er space�� To re�o�e the i�p�rit�� in the inter�a��er of the EVM, 10% �����roc�loric aci�� solutio� �as uti� li�e�� to immerse ra� EVM for 4�, a��� t�e� t�e immerse�� EVM �as clea�e�� b�� �ater�� T�e EV� treated� ��� acid� so��tion was p�aced� and� ��rie�� i� t�e ove� at 110 °C�� T�e morp�olog�� of EV� �efore and� after the treat�ent ��� h��d�ro� ch�oric acid� was o�ser�ed� ��� a SE� instr��ent ��EM, J�M�IT3000)�� �s the ad�sorption a�i�it�� of the e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite is �i�ited�, the e�pand�ed� �er�ic�� lite �ill �o lo�ger a��sorb CA�PA bi�ar�� PCM at the �a�i��� ad�sorption rate, and� the co�� posite PCM �ill �ot leak ��uri�g p�ase c�a�ge process�� T�us, i� or��er to ��etermi�e t�e opti� �a� ad�sorption rate of e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite, a series of co�posites with d�ifferent �ass ratios of CA�PA to EVM�45:55, 50:50, 55:45, 60:40, 65:35) �ere prepare�� a��� co���ucte�� �it� t�e t�ermal stabilit�� test�� Duri�g t�is test, t�e op� ti�a� ad�sorption rate of e�pand�ed� �er�ic��ite ca� be ��etermi�e�� b�� measuri�g t�e mass loss� es of the co�posite ��� one ho�r �efore and� after t�e �eati�g treatme�t�� D�C, �T�IR a��� mass losses �ere teste�� �efore and� after 50 ther�a� c��c�es in ord�er to i�vestigate t�e t�ermal reliabilit�� a��� c�emical stabilit�� of CA�PA/EVM ���CPCM�� Ther�a� properties of the co�posite ��� �ere measure�� b�� ��iffere�tial sca��i�g calo� rimetr�� �D�C,P��ris�1), a��� t�e operatio� temperature ra�ge�� from 0°C to 70°C, �it� t�e rampi�g rate of 5°C/mi� u���er �itroge� gas atmosp�ere�� T�e c�emical compatibilit�� �etween ����� �inar�� ��� and� EV� was i�vestigate�� b�� �T�IR spectroscop�� tec�� �ique�� �T�IR spectra �ere carrie�� out i� t�e freque�c�� ra�ge of 4000–400 cm�1��T�IR, Bio� Ra�� �T� 6000)�� 2.3 M�x p��p������s �f m���a� m�xes w��h CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs a�� �es� me�h��s Mortar mixes co�tai�i�g PCM composite ca� be utili�e�� as t�e t�ermal e�erg�� storage�TE�) materials to reali�e buil��i�g e�erg�� ef��cie�c���� I� t�is stu����, TE� mortar mixes co�tai�i�g CA�PA/ EVM ���CPCMs �ere prepare�� �it� t�e ��xe�� �ater to ceme�t of 0��63�� T�e me��ium sa��� aggre� gates �ere replace�� b�� CA�PA/EVM composites �it� ��iffere�t volume fractio�s ra�gi�g from 0%, 20%, 30%, a��� 40% to 50%�� T�e compo�e�ts of TE� mortar mixes are as s�o�� i� Table 2�� Fresh �ortar �i�es were cast in stee� �o��d�s with the d�i�ension of 40´40´160mm3�� T�e mixes �ere compacte�� b�� a s�aker�� All t�e specime�s �ere kept i� mol��s for 24� at room te�perat�re, and� then the speci�ens were d�e� moul��e�� a��� place�� i� sta���ar�� curi�g room for 28 ��a��s�� Moreover, flexural stre�gt� of t�e speci�ens was �eas�red� ��� three�point �end�� i�g test, i� ��ic� t�e loa�� rate �as 50N/s a��� t�e supporti�g spa� �as 100mm�� T�e compres� sive stre�gt� of t�e specime�s �as exami�e�� �nd�er the speci�en contact area of 40´40 ��2 a��� t�e loa�� rate of 2��4kN/s�� I� t�e compressive a��� flexural stre�gt� experime�ts, t�e average �eas�red� �a��e and� stand�ard� d�e�iation were obtai�e�� b�� t�ree specime�s as a group�� Fig.1. CA�PA bi�ar�� p�ase ��iagram�� 484 Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... 2.4 The�mal pe�f��ma��e �es�s �f m��- �a� m�xes w��h CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs To e�a��ate the ther�a� perfor�ance of �ortar �i�es with ������EV� FS�����s, t�e test boxes �ere ��esig�e�� as s�o�� i� �ig�� 2�� T�ree boxes �ere co�structe�� b�� us� i�g mortar mixes �it� 0%, 20% a��� 30% re� placeme�t of CA�PA/EVM composite aggre� gate�� Temperature variatio�s i� i��er space of test �o�es were �eas�red� ��� the T t��pe t�ermocouples��it� a� accurac�� of 0��2°C) place�� i� t�e i��er space ��ig�� 2 b)�� T�e tem� perature values �ere recor��e�� via a ��ata logger �it� t�e i�terval of 30s i� t�e �eati�g a��� cool� i�g perio��s�� T�ree test boxes �ere �eate�� via a �eati�g c�amber ��ere t�e temperature �as kept at 45°C��W�e� t�e i��er air temperature of t�e test boxes �as 45°C, t�e �eati�g process was stopped� and� the �o�es were spontaneo�s��� place�� i� t�e allo�e�� place to cool to 16°C�� 3. Res�l� a�� ��s��ss��� 3.1 M����s�������e �f �he EVM �ig�� 3 illustrates t�e morp�olog�� of EVM be� fore a��� after t�e treatme�t b�� aci�� solutio��� It can �e seen fro� �ig�� 3a t�at EVM s�o�e�� t��pica� �a��er str�ct�re, ��t the �a��er str�c� ture of EVM �as blocke�� up �it� impurities ��ic� preve�ts liqui�� PCM from e�teri�g t�e la��er space�� I� t�e morp�olog�� of EVM after bei�g treate�� b�� �����roc�loric aci�� as s�o�� i� �ig�� 3b t�e impurities �ere remove�� a��� t�e la��er space of EVM �as larger a��� clea�er than the EV� �icrostr�ct�re �efore the treat� me�t b�� aci�� solutio��� T�erefore, t�e specime� treated� ��� acid� so��tion is the preferentia���� pote�tial supporti�g matrix ��ic� ca� e��a�ce t�e a��sorptio� rate of EVM to melte�� PCM�� 3.2 The�mal s�ab�l��y �f CA-PA b��a�y PCM T�e bi�ar�� CA�PA mixture PCM �as ��rstl�� prepared� ��� �i�t�re �ethod�, and� the �ass fractio�s of CA a��� PA �ere 75% a��� 25%, re� spectivel���� T�ermal properties suc� as p�ase c�a�ge temperature a��� e�t�alp�� are ke�� parameters Table 2�� T�e formula of mortar mixes �it� ���CPCMs�� Sa�� p�es Vo���e fraction �e�ent �g) Sand� �g) ������EV� composite�g) W/C 1# 20% 450 1080 100 0��63 2# 30% 450 945 150 0��63 3# 40% 450 810 200 0��63 4# 50% 450 675 250 0��63 �ig�� 2 Test s��stem of t�ermal performa�ce �it� PCM composite:�a) p�otograp� of test s��stem; �b) positio� of t�e t�ermocouple�� �ig�� 3�� �EM morp�olog�� of EVM before a��� after bei�g treate�� b�� �����roc�loric aci��:�a) Mi� crostructure of ra� EVM; �b) Microstructure of EVM treate�� b�� �����roc�loric aci���� �ig�� 4 T�e D�C curves of CA�PA bi�ar�� PCM before a��� after t�ermal c��cli�g:�a) t�e melti�g process; �b) t�e free�i�g process�� Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 485 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... affecti�g t�e applicatio� of t�ermal regulatio� of PCM i� buil��i�gs�� I� t�is paper, a� acceler� ate�� t�ermal c��cli�g experime�t �as co���ucte�� to e�a�ine ther�a� properties and� ther�a� sta� bilities of CA�PA bi�ar�� mixture PCM�� T�e D�C c�r�es of ����� �inar�� ��� s��ject to ther�a� c��cli�g are prese�te�� i� �ig�� 4 a��� Table 3�� It ca� be see� t�at after 1000 t�ermal c��� cli�g, t�e melti�g temperature of CA�PA bi�a� r�� PCM i�crease�� from 26��38°C to 33��15°C, t�e free�i�g temperature c�a�ge�� from 22��58°C to 25��65°C, i�creasi�g b�� 6��77°C a��� 3��07°C, respectivel���� T�e late�t �eat c�a�ge�� from 132��71 J/g to 154��35 J/g i� t�e melti�g process a��� 130��38 J/g to 159��22 J/g i� t�e free�i�g pro� cess, i�creasi�g b�� 16��30 % a��� 22��11%, respec� tivel���� T�e results i���icate t�at bot� p�ase c�a�ge te�perat�re and� �atent heat after the acce�er� ate�� t�ermal c��cli�g �ave i�crease�� compare�� �it� t�at before t�e t�ermal c��cli�g�� T�e melt� i�g temperature �as bet�ee� 26��38°C a��� 33��15°C, a��� t�e free�i�g temperature �as bet�ee� 22��58°C a��� 25��65°C, ��ic� �ere all i� ra�ge of �uma� comfort temperature�� T�e increase of �atent heat is cond��cti�e to ��i�d�� i�g TE� applicatio��� T�erefore, CA�PA bi�ar�� PCM possesses goo�� t�ermal stabilit�� a��� is t�e prefere�tiall�� pote�tial PCM for buil��i�g e�erg�� regulatio��� 3.3 The �p��mal a�s��p���� �a�e �f EVM �� CA-PA PCM Ta��e 4 prese�ts mass loss perce�tage of t�e CA�PA/EVM �it� ��iffere�t mass ratios�� As can �e seen fro� Ta��e 4, with the increase of mass perce�tage of CA�PA i� composite PCM, t�e mass loss perce�tage of t�e composite PCM after �eat treatme�t i�crease�� accor��i�gl���� W�e� t�e mass ratio of CA�PA to EVM �as 45:55, t�e mass loss perce�tage of CA�PA/EVM composite PCM �as 0��91%, ��ic� �as t�e mi�� imum�� Ho�ever, ��e� t�e mass ratio of CA�PA to EVM �as 65:35, t�e mass loss perce�tage of CA�PA/EVM composite PCM �as 12��63%, ��ic� �as t�e maximum�� He�ce, ��e� t�e mass ra� tio of ����� to EV� was 45:55, the �ass �oss was �ini���, and� the EV� had� the opti�a� a��sorptio� rate�� T�erefore, t�e follo�i�g CA� PA/EVM composite PCM utili�e�� i� t�is paper �ere prepare�� �it� t�e mass ratio of 45:55�� 3.4 Chem��al p��pe���es �f CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM �he�ica� co�pati�i�it�� �etween the �inar�� mixture PCM a��� EVM �as i�vestigate�� b�� �T�IR spectroscop�� a�al��sis met�o���� �ig�� 5 il� ��strates the FT�I�� spectr��s of EV�, the ��� �� �inar�� ���, ������EV� and� ������EV� after 50 t�ermal c��cli�g�� �s can �e seen fro� the spectr�� of EV� i� �ig�� 5, t�e peaks at 3421 cm–1 a��� 1639 cm–1 �ere assig�e�� respectivel�� to OH stretc�i�g a��� be���i�g vibratio� of t�e i�terla��er �ater�� T�e c�aracteristic peaks of �i�O stretc�i�g vi� bratio� a��� �i�O��i be���i�g vibratio� �ere at 1008 cm–1 a��� 441 cm–1, respectivel���� I� t�e spec� trum of CA�PA, t�e absorptio� peaks cause�� b�� t�e i��pla�e be���i�g vibratio� a��� out�of�pla�e be���i�g vibratio� of fu�ctio�al group –OH �ere at 1432 cm–1 a��� 936 cm–1�� T�e peaks at 2919 cm–1 a��� 2850 cm–1 represents the as���� �etrica� �i�ration and� s����etrica� �i�ration of fu�ctio�al group of –CH3 a��� –CH2�� Compare�� with the FT�I�� spectra of ����� and� EV�, it can �e c�ear��� fo�nd� that the FT�I�� spectr�� of CA�PA/EVM co�tai�s t�e c�aracteristic peaks of CA�PA a��� EVM�� T�e i�frare�� spectrum of CA�PA/EVM �as �o sig�i��ca�tl�� �e� peaks, but just partial peaks �ave small ��eviatio��� Th�s, the res��ts of FT�I�� ana���sis ind�icate that there was no che�ica� interaction �etween the ����� and� EV�, and� the interactions �etween the co�ponents of the co�posites were ph��si� cal i� �ature�� Table 3�� T�ermal properties of t�e fabricate�� CA�PA bi�ar�� PCM�� Speci� �en ���c�e ind�e� C�argi�g process Disc�argi�g process Delta H, J/g Melti�g te�pera� ture, °C Delta H, J/g �ree�i�g te�pera� ture, °C 0 132��71 26��38 �130��38 22��58 100 162��96 26��11 �151��02 22��57 300 166��99 26��60 �154��48 21��72 600 172��12 29��62 �167��15 24��15 1000 154��35 33��15 �159��22 25��65 Table 4�� T�e mass loss perce�tage of CA�PA/ EV� co�posite ��� with d�ifferent �ass ra� tios after �eat treatme�t�� �ass ratio, ������ EV� 45�55 50�50 55�45 60/40 65/35 Before �eat treat�ent 5��04 5��03 5��096 5��074 5��04 �fter heat treat�ent 4��9940 4��9558 4��8687 4��6409 4��4034 �ass �oss perce�tage 0��91% 1��48% 4��46% 8��54% 12��63% 486 Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... �ig�� 5 i���icates t�at t�e c�aracteristic peak forms a��� positio�s �ere almost u�c�a�ge�� in the spectr�� of ������EV� after 50 ther� mal c��cli�g compare�� �it� t�e spectrum of CA�PA/EVM before t�ermal c��cli�g�� T�e re� s��ts ind�icate that the che�ica� str�ct�re of the FS����� re�ained� sta��e in the process of t�ermal c��cli�g�� T�erefore, t�e prepare�� CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs �ave goo�� c�emical compatibilit���� 3.5 The�mal s�ab�l��y �f CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM T�ermal stabilit�� is a ke�� propert�� for ��� CPCM applie�� i� buil��i�gs for t�ermal e�erg�� storage�� I� t�is stu����, 10g fabricate�� CA�PA/ EVM composite a��� t�ermal c��cli�g test �it� t�e temperature ra�ge�� from 0°C to 40°C, �ere e�p�o��ed� to e�a��ate the ther�a� sta�i�it�� with respect to mass losses�� As ca� be see� from �ig�� 6, �it� t�e i�crease of t�e t�ermal c��cli�g from 10, 20, 30, 40 to 50, t�e mass losses of t�e com� posite PCM �ere 0��17 g, 0��2 g, 0��25 g, 0��28 g a��� 0��28 g, accou�ti�g for 1��7%, 2��0%, 2��5%, 2��8% a��� 2��8% of t�e total composite PCMs�� Base�� o� t�e results of t�ermal c��cli�g tests, it ca� be conc��d�ed� that the ������EV� co�posite e�� �ibits goo�� t�ermal stabilit�� i� t�eir operati�g temperature ra�ge a��� it is a preferre�� PCM for TE� applicatio� i� buil��i�gs�� The ther�a� properties of the fa�ricated� ��� ���EV� FS����� and� ������EV� FS����� subject to 50 t�ermal c��cli�g �ere exami�e�� b�� D�C a�al��sis�� T�e D�C curves are prese�te�� i� �ig�� 7 a��� Table 5�� It ca� be see� t�at t�e melt� i�g a��� free�i�g temperatures �ere 23��40°C �ig�� 5 �T�IR spectra of EVM, CA�PA, CA� ���EV� and� ������EV� after 50 ther�a� c��cli�g�� �ig�� 6 T�e mass losses of t�e composite PCM subject to t�ermal c��cli�g�� �ig�� 7�� T�e D�C curves of CA�PA/EVM ���CPCM before a��� after t�ermal c��cli�g:�a) t�e melti�g process; �b) t�e free�i�g process�� Table 5�� T�ermal properties of t�e fabricate�� CA�PA/EVM ���CPCM�� Speci� �en ���c�e ind�e� C�argi�g process Disc�argi�g pro� cess Delta H, J/g Melti�g te�pera� t�re Delta H, J/g �ree�i�g te�pera� ture, °C 0 94��45 23��40 –95��76 22��80 50 93��51 25��59 –80��34 23��50 Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 487 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... a��� 22��80°C for EVM�base�� ���CPCM, a��� 25��59°C a��� 23��50°C for EVM�base�� ���CPCM after 50 t�ermal c��cles�� After 50 t�ermal c��� cli�g, t�e melti�g a��� free�i�g temperatures �ere i�crease�� b�� 2��19°C a��� 0��7°C, respective� l���� Ho�ever, t�e p�ase c�a�ge temperatures �ere all i� t�e ra�ge of 22°C~26°C, ��ic� is t�e �uma� t�ermal comfort temperature�� Late�t �eat of melti�g a��� free�i�g �as 94��45 J/g a��� 95��76 J/g for t�e origi�al CA�PA/ EVM ���CPCM, 93��51 J/g a��� 80��34 J/g for t�e composite after 50 t�ermal c��cli�g�� Compare�� �it� t�e origi�al CA�PA/EVM, t�e late�t �eat after 50 t�ermal c��cli�g c�a�ge�� b�� –2��05 % i� t�e melti�g process a��� �16��10 % i� t�e free�i�g process�� T�e results i���icate t�at t�e variatio� of late�t �eat i� t�e melti�g process �as small a��� acceptable for TE� applicatio��� Ho�ever, t�e late�t �eat sig�i��ca�tl�� c�a�ge�� i� free�� i�g process, a��� it is �ecessar�� to carr�� out fur� t�er stu���� to e��a�ce t�e t�ermal stabilit���� 3.6 Me�ha���al p��pe���es �f m���a� m�xes w��h CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs The �echanica� propert�� of TES �ortar �i�� es �it� t�e aggregate replaceme�t of CA�PA/ EV� FS����� was an i�portant para�eter for t�e applicatio� i� buil��i�gs�� I� t�is sectio�, EV� and� ������EV� co�posite with d�ifferent volume fractio�s ra�ge�� from 20%, 30%, a��� 40% to 50% �ere emplo��e�� as a replaceme�t of sa��� aggregate i� t�e mortar mixes, a��� t�e compressive stre�gt� a��� flexural stre�gt� �ere stu��ie�� b�� experime�ts to i�vestigate t�e mec�a�ical properties of t�e prepare�� mixes�� The for���a of the TES �ortars are presented� i� Table 2 a��� t�e results of flexural a��� com� pressive stre�gt� are prese�te�� i� �ig�� 8 �ig�� 8a a��� �ig�� 8b prese�t t�e flexural stre�gt� a��� compressive stre�gt� results of �ortar �i�es with on��� EV� and� ������ EVM ���CPCMs aggregate replaceme�t after 28���a��s curi�g, respectivel���� Overall, t�e flex� ural stre�gt� a��� compressive stre�gt� of mor� tar mixes ��ecrease�� �it� t�e i�crease of ag� gregate replaceme�t b�� volume�� As ca� be see� from �ig�� 8, t�e flexural stre�gt� a��� compres� sive stre�gt� of TE� mortar mixes co�tai�i�g CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs aggregate ��ecrease�� �it� t�e i�crease of aggregate replaceme�t�� Ho�ever, flexural stre�gt� a��� compressive stre�gt� of mortar mixes slig�tl�� ��ecrease�� �it� o�l�� EVM aggregate replaceme�t a��� te���e�� to level off�� T�e flexural stre�gt� of mortar mixes af� ter t�e 28���a�� curi�g approximatel�� ��ecrease�� b�� 23��4 %, 3��0 %, 3��0 % a��� 17��9 % for 20 %, 30 %, 40 % a��� 50 % o�l�� EVM aggregate re� placeme�t b�� volume�� T�e re��uctio� of flexural stre�gt� �as approximatel�� 26��9 %, 46��3 %, 80��6 % a��� 88��1 % for 20 %, 30 %, 40 % a��� 50 % CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs replaceme�t b�� volume�� T�e compressive stre�gt� of mortar after 28���a�� curi�g approximatel�� re��uce�� b�� 34��5 %, 28��2 %, 29��4 % a��� 28��9 % for 20 %, 30 %, 40 % a��� 50 % o�l�� EVM replaceme�t b�� volume, a��� t�e compressive stre�gt� re��uc� tio� ��ecrease�� b�� approximatel�� 49��6 %, 68��9 %, 89��9 % a��� 95��8 % for 20 %, 30 %, 40 % a��� 50% CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs replaceme�t b�� volume, respectivel���� T�e slig�t re��uctio� i� mec�a�ical prop� erties of mortar mixes co�tai�i�g o�l�� EVM aggregate replaceme�t is cause�� b�� t�e la��er str�ct�re, in which the ce�ent cond�enses and� t�e mortar mixes possess �ig� stre�gt��� Ho�� e�er, in the �ortar �i�es with ������EV� ���CPCMs aggregate replaceme�t, t�e la��er space of EVM �as ��lle�� �it� soli��i��catio� ����� ���s with �ower �echanica� proper� ties, which ca�sed� the red��ction in co�pres� sive a��� flexural stre�gt�, especiall�� ��e� t�e aggregate replaceme�t of volume fractio� �as greater t�a� 30%�� �ig�� 8�� �lexural a��� compressive stre�gt� of mortar mixes �it� ��iffere�t volume fractio� of EVM a��� CA� PA/EVM composite:�a) flexural stre�gt�; �b) compressive stre�gt��� 488 Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... 3.7 �mpa�� �f �he�mal �y�l��g �� me- �ha���al s�ab�l��y �f m���a� m�xes w��h CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs E�viro�me�tal temperature fluctuatio� arou��� t�e p�ase c�a�ge temperature �ill re� s��t in so�id���iq�id� con�ersion of ���s, which ca� re��uce t�e mec�a�ical stre�gt� of mortar mixes�� I� t�is stu����, i� or��er to i�vestigate t�e effect of te�perat�re �ariation on �echanica� sta�i�it�� of the TES �ortar �i�es, e�peri�ents �ere carrie�� out to exami�e t�e flexural a��� compressive stre�gt� of mortar mixes �it� ������EV� FS�����s �efore and� after the t�ermal c��cli�g�� T�e flexural a��� compressive stre�gt� of mortar mixes �it� CA�PA/EVM ��� CPCMs subject to 0, 50 a��� 100 t�ermal c��cli�g is prese�te�� i� �ig�� 9a a��� �ig�� 9b�� O�era��, with the increase of ther�a� c��� cli�g from 0 a��� 50 to 100 times, t�e flexural a��� compressive stre�gt� of mortar mixes �as e��a�ce�� accor��i�gl���� I� flexural stre�gt� experime�ts, b�� taki�g 20 % CA�PA/EVM ag� gregate replaceme�t b�� volume as a� example, t�e flexural stre�gt� is 5��3 MPa for 0 c��cli�g, 6��2 MPa for 50 c��cli�g a��� 6��4 MPa for 100 c��cli�g, respectivel���� I� compr essive stre�gt� tests, for t�e 20 % CA�PA/EVM aggregate replaceme�t, t�e compressive stre�gt� is 12��2 MPa for 0 c��cli�g, 13��5 MPa for 50 c��cli�g a��� 13��9 MPa for 100 c��cli�g�� T�e e��a�ceme�t in �echanica� properties can �e d��e to the pro� d��ction of �ore d�ica�ci�� si�icate ��2S�� �ia h��� ��ratio� reactio� i� ceme�t after t�ermal c��cli�g�� Therefore, en�iron�enta� te�perat�re �aria� tio� �ill �ot re��uce t�e mec�a�ical stre�gt��� On the contrar��, te�perat�re �ariation can pro� �ote the prod��ction of d�ica�ci�� si�icate, which cause�� t�e mec�a�ical e��a�ceme�t�� 3.8 The�mal pe�f��ma��e �f m���a� m�xes w��h CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs To e�a��ate the ther�a� perfor�ance of �ortar �i�es with ������EV� FS�����s, heat transfer e�peri�ents were perfor�ed� b�� i�vestigati�g t�e effect of i��er tempera� ture of t�e mi�iaturi�e�� test room ma��e of t�e prepare�� mortar mixes i� cooli�g process a��� �eati�g process�� T�e temperature curves are prese�te�� i� �ig�� 10�� As s�o�� i� �ig�� 10 co�pared� with the test roo� �ad�e of �ortar �i�es witho�t FS�����s, the te�perat�re of the roo� �ad�e of �ortar �i�es with FS���� CMs c�a�ge�� more slo�l�� ��uri�g t�e �eati�g process�� �or example, t�e time take� to reac� t�e maximum temperature�45°C) is 239 mi� for 0 % ���CPCMs replaceme�t, 242 mi� for 20 % ���CPCMs replaceme�t a��� 291 mi� for 30 % ���CPCMs replaceme�t, respectivel���� Moreover, after t�e �eati�g process, t�e i��er te�perat�re of the �ortar �i�es with FS���� ��s d�ropped� �ore s�ow��� co�pared� with that of t�e mortar mixes �it�out ���CPCMs�� T�e �ig�� 9�� �lexural a��� compressive stre�gt� of mortar mixes after t�ermal c��cli�g:�a) flexural stre�gt�; �b) compressive stre�gt��� �ig�� 10�� Temperature evolutio� curves of t�e mi�iaturi�e�� test room ma��e of t�e prepare�� �ortar �i�es with d�ifferent �o���e fractions of CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs i� t�e �eati�g process a��� cooli�g process�� Functional materials, 24, 3, 2017 489 Xinzhong Zhang et al. / Preparation and characterization of mortar ... time t�at t�e temperature fell from 45 °C to 25 °C �as 150mi� for 0% ���CPCMs replace� me�t, 190mi� for 20% ���CPCMs replaceme�t a��� 219mi� for 30% ���CPCMs replaceme�t, respectivel���� T�e result i���icates t�at t�e mor� tar �i�es with ������EV� FS�����s can �e utili�e�� as preferre�� p�ase c�a�ge material for t�e purposes of buil��i�g t�ermal regulatio� a��� e�erg�� savi�g�� 4. C���l�s��� This paper reported� the fa�rication and� c�aracteri�atio� of CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs for t�e purposes of t�ermal regulatio� a��� e�erg�� savi�g�� CA�PA bi�ar�� mixture acte�� as PCM a��� EVM �as utili�e�� as supporti�g material�� T�e CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs �ere ��rstl�� pre� pare�� b�� a��sorptio� met�o���� T�e EVM �a�� t�e opti�a� ad�sorption rate when the �ass ratio of CA�PA to EVM �as 45:55�� �T�IR results i���i� cate t�at t�e ���CPCMs possess goo�� stabilit�� witho�t che�ica� reaction �etween �inar�� �i�� ture a��� EVM�� After 50 t�ermal c��cli�g, t�e e�t�alp�� of CA�PA/EVM composite c�a�ge�� slig�tl��, ��ic� �as acceptable i� melti�g pro� cess�� Ho�ever, t�e e�t�alp�� obviousl�� c�a�ge�� i� t�e free�i�g process�� �urt�er stu��ies s�oul�� �e i�p�e�ented� to enhance the ther�a� sta�i�� it���� Moreover, t�e mortar mixes �it� aggregate rep�ace�ent of ������EV� FS�����s were prepared�, and� the �echanica� e�peri�ents i���icate t�at t�e flexural a��� compressive stre�gt� re��uce�� more sig�i��ca�tl�� ��e� t�e volume of CA�PA/EVM ���CPCMs aggregate replaceme�t �as greater t�a� 30%�� T�e evalu� ation of the ther�a� perfor�ance ind�icates that the �ortar �i�es with ������EV� FS�����s are preferentia� potentia� �ateria�s for ther�a� regulatio� a��� e�erg�� savi�g i� buil��i�gs�� Refe�e��es 1�� L�� Ya�g, H��Y�� Ya�, J��C�� Lam, , Appl Energ, 115, 164, 2014�� 2�� D�� Z�ou, C��Y�� Z�ao, Y�� Tia�, Appl Energ, 92, 593, 2012�� 3�� R�� Parames��ara�, ��� Kalaiselvam, ��� Hari� kris��a�, A�� Ela��aperumal, Renew.Sust.Energ. Rev., 16, 2394, 2012�� 4�� U�� �triti� a��� V�� Butala, Int J.Refrig., 33, 1676, 2010�� 5�� G�� Z�ou, Y�� Z�a�g, X�� Wa�g, K�� Li�, W�� Xiao, Sol Energ, 81, 1351, 2007�� 6�� ���A�� Memo�, Renew.Sust.Energ.Rev., 31, 870, 2014�� 7�� A�� Karaipekli, A�� �arэ, Sol. Energ. Mater. Sol.C��, 149, 19, 2016�� 8�� Y�� Ho�g a��� G�� Xi��s�i, Sol. Energ. Mater. Sol. C, 64, 37, 2000�� 9�� D��A�� Ko�togeorgos, G��K�� �emitelos, I��D�� Ma���i� laras, M��A�� �ou�ti, Fire Safety J, 81, 8, 2016�� 10�� B�� Mo�amma��i, ������ Naja��, H�� Ra�jbar, J�� Mo� �amma��i, M�� Zakar��a�a��e�, Energ Build, 118, �� 99, 2016�� 11�� A�� Karaipekli, A�� �arэ, J .Ind. Eng. Chem., 16, 767, 2010�� 12�� X�� Li, H�� Wei, X�� Li�, X�� Xie, Sol. Energ. Mater. Sol.C��, 155, 9, 2016�� 13�� H�� Wei, X�� Xie, X�� Li, X�� Li�, Appl Energ, 178, 616, 2016�� 14�� X�� Xiao, P�� Z�a�g, M�� Li, Energ Conv. Manag, 105, 272, 2015�� 15�� Y��J�� Lv, W��B�� Z�ou, W��Z�� Ji�, Energ. 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id nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-136776
institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
issn 1027-5495
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-30T14:12:40Z
publishDate 2017
publisher НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України
record_format dspace
spelling Xinzhong Zhang
Weizhun Jin
Yajun Lv
Haibin Zhang
Weibing Zhou
Fangyi Ding
2018-06-16T16:07:32Z
2018-06-16T16:07:32Z
2017
Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM / Xinzhong Zhang, Weizhun Jin, Yajun Lv, Haibin Zhang, Weibing Zhou, Fangyi Ding // Functional Materials. — 2017. — Т. 24, № 3. — С. 481-489. — Бібліогр.: 23 назв. — англ.
1027-5495
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fm24.03.481
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/136776
In this paper, capric acid (CA) and palmitic acid (PA) binary PCM/expanded vermiculite (CA-PA/EVM) form stable composite PCM (FS-CPCM) was firstly synthesized by adsorption method. The EVM had the optimal adsorption rate when the mass ratio of CA-PA to EVM was 45:55. The FT-IR results indicated that there was no chemical reaction between binary PCM and EVM. After the thermal cycles for 50 times, the mass loss of the prepared CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM was 2.8%. However, the latent heat was reduced by 16.10%. Furthermore, thermal energy storage (TES) mortar mixes were prepared by replacing sand aggregates with the fabricated CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM. The effect of replacing sand aggregates with CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCM on compressive and flexural strength of the mortar mixes was investigated by mechanical experiments. The prepared mortar mixes with CA-PA/EVM FS-CPCMs aggregate exhibited good thermal performance and could be preferentially potential PCM for thermal regulation and energy saving in buildings.
en
НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України
Functional Materials
Technology
Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
Xinzhong Zhang
Weizhun Jin
Yajun Lv
Haibin Zhang
Weibing Zhou
Fangyi Ding
Technology
title Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
title_full Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
title_fullStr Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
title_full_unstemmed Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
title_short Preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite PCM
title_sort preparation and characterization of mortar mixes containing organic acid/expanded vermiculite composite pcm
topic Technology
topic_facet Technology
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/136776
work_keys_str_mv AT xinzhongzhang preparationandcharacterizationofmortarmixescontainingorganicacidexpandedvermiculitecompositepcm
AT weizhunjin preparationandcharacterizationofmortarmixescontainingorganicacidexpandedvermiculitecompositepcm
AT yajunlv preparationandcharacterizationofmortarmixescontainingorganicacidexpandedvermiculitecompositepcm
AT haibinzhang preparationandcharacterizationofmortarmixescontainingorganicacidexpandedvermiculitecompositepcm
AT weibingzhou preparationandcharacterizationofmortarmixescontainingorganicacidexpandedvermiculitecompositepcm
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