Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients

The microenvironment in the bone marrow — including lymphocytes — is part of the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM). High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is standard of care for younger patients. Aim: To determine the influence of reinfused lymphocyte subsets...

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Veröffentlicht in:Experimental Oncology
Datum:2008
Hauptverfasser: Schmidmaier, R., Oversohl, N., Schnabel, B., Straka, C., Emmerich, B.
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Veröffentlicht: Інститут експериментальної патології, онкології і радіобіології ім. Р.Є. Кавецького НАН України 2008
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Zitieren:Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients / R. Schmidmaier, N. Oversohl, B. Schnabel, C. Straka, B. Emmerich // Experimental Oncology. — 2008. — Т. 30, № 3. — С. 240–243. — Бібліогр.: 17 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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author Schmidmaier, R.
Oversohl, N.
Schnabel, B.
Straka, C.
Emmerich, B.
author_facet Schmidmaier, R.
Oversohl, N.
Schnabel, B.
Straka, C.
Emmerich, B.
citation_txt Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients / R. Schmidmaier, N. Oversohl, B. Schnabel, C. Straka, B. Emmerich // Experimental Oncology. — 2008. — Т. 30, № 3. — С. 240–243. — Бібліогр.: 17 назв. — англ.
collection DSpace DC
container_title Experimental Oncology
description The microenvironment in the bone marrow — including lymphocytes — is part of the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM). High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is standard of care for younger patients. Aim: To determine the influence of reinfused lymphocyte subsets on event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: In peripheral blood (PB) and aphaeresis products (AP) of 41 MM patients lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry and were correlated with clinical outcome. Results: PB lymphocyte subsets did not influence EFS or OS. Residual plasma cells in the AP were not correlated with poor outcome, whereas a high percentage of B cells (CD19+) showed a trend towards reduced EFS (P = 0.051). A high amount of CD4 cells and an increased CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly associated with prolonged EFS. In contrast, high percentage of HLA-DR positive lymphocytes showed negative impact on EFS and OS (P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Obtained data suggest the non-activated (HLA-DR negative) helper CD4+ T cells in the AP to be tumour protective. Микроокружение в костном мозге, включая лимфоциты, оказывает влияние на патофизиологию множественной миеломы (MM). Высокодозовая химиотерапия, за которой следует аутологическая трансплантация стволовых клеток, является стандартным подходом при лечении более молодых пациентов. Цель: изучить влияние введенных субпопуляций лимфоцитов на безрецидивную выживаемость (EFS) и общую выживаемость больных c ММ. Методы: методом проточной цитофлуориметрии в периферической крови (PB) и продуктах афереза (АР) пациентов с ММ ( n = 41) изучали субпопуляции лимфоцитов и возможную корреляцию с исходом болезни. Результаты: субпопуляции лимфоцитов РB не влияли на EFS или OS. Остаточные клетки плазмы в АР не коррелировали с плохим прогнозом, в тоже время при высоком содержании В-клеток (CD19+) отмечали тенденцию к снижению EFS (P = 0,051). Высокое содержание CD4-клеток и увеличение соотношения CD4/CD8 были достоверно ассоциированы с повышением EFS. В отличие от этого, высокий процент HLADR-положительных лимфоцитов имел отрицательное влияние на EFS и OS (P = 0,03 и 0,02 соответственно). Выводы: полученные данные позволяют предположить, что неактивированные (HLA-DR-отрицательные) хелперные CD4+ T-клетки в AP могут обладать антиопухолевыми свойствами.
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fulltext 240 Experimental Oncology 30, 240–243, 2008 (September) High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is standard treat­ ment for younger patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM). The lymphocytes in the microenviron­ ment of MM cells are an essential part of the patho­ physiology of this incurable disease [1]. It has been previously shown that lymphocytes within the graft are linked to the survival of MM patients [2]. However, only little is known which lymphocyte subsets are responsible for this tumor protective effect. In the presented study we have analyzed the lymphocytes by immunopheno­ typing in the peripheral blood (PB) and in the apheresis product (AP) of 41 consecutive patients. METHODS Patients. 41 consecutive patients with multip­ le mye loma received ASCT between 11/1995 and 07/2000. The study was approved by the Ethical committee of the University Munich and informed consent was obtained from each patient. Mobiliza­ tion chemotherapy and G­SCF was administered ac­ cording to the IEV regimen [3]. Peripheral blood stem cells were harvested when the post­nadir absolute leukocyte count rose above 5000/µl using a Cobe Spectra (Cobe, Heimstetten, Germany) or an AS104 (Fresenius, St. Wendel, Germany) cell separator and standard programs. The harvested blood stem cells were mixed with an equal volume of a freezing solution which was prepared with 5% HSA and 100% DMSO (Cryoserv, Tera Pharmaceuticals, Midvale, Utah, USA) (4 : 1). Relapse was defined according to the EBMT criteria [4]. Flow cytometry. Cells in the AP and cells in the PB at the day of apheresis were analyzed. Immunopheno­ typing was performed with a three­color­fluorescence using an EPICS XL­MCL flow cytometer and the Sys­ tem II software (Beckman Coulter, Krefeld, Germany). 100 µL of sample were incubated 15 min with saturating concentrations of the fluorochrome­conjungated an­ tibodies [5]. IgG1­FITC, IgG1­PE, CD45­FITC, CD3­ FITC, CD38­FITC, CD14­PE, CD19­PE, CD4­PE, CD8­ PE, CD56/CD16­PE, HLA­DR­PE, and CD138­PR were purchased from Immunotech (Marseille, France). Statistics. SPSS 11.5 for Microsoft Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA) was used for statistical analysis. The median number of positive cells was calculated for each marker and patients were assigned to a group either above or below median. To compare survival curves a log­rank test was performed and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Patients and stem cell harvest. The mean age was 56 years (range: 38–68) and 25 of the 41 patients were male (61%). Within the median follow up of 3.9 years 30 pts experienced relapse (73%) and 13 pts died (32%). The median event free survival (EFS) was 858 days (range: 104–2141 days), the median overall survival (OS) was 1406 days (range: 104–2557 days). Immunophenotyping of AP lymphocytes. A median of 78,000 leukocytes per µl (range: 12,000– 370,000/µl) was counted in the APs. 29% (7–63%) were lymphocytes. The table shows the lymphocyte pattern within the AP among the 41 tested patients. The composition of lymphocyte subsets expectantly refers rather well to values of the peripheral blood with 81% T­ cells (CD3), 1% B­cells, and 4% NK­cells (CD56/16). A small but still significant MM cell contamination was seen. The median CD4/CD8­ratio was 1.6 (range 0.2– 7.0) and 5% of lymphocytes expressed the activation HELPER T CELLS (CD3+/CD4+) WITHIN THE AUTOLOGOUS PERIPHERAL BLOOD STEM CELL GRAFT POSITIVELY CORRELATE WITH EVENT FREE SURVIVAL OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS R. Schmidmaier*, N. Oversohl, B. Schnabel, C. Straka, B. Emmerich Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany Background: The microenvironment in the bone marrow — including lymphocytes — is part of the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM). High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is standard of care for younger patients. Aim: To determine the influence of reinfused lymphocyte subsets on event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: In periphe­ ral blood (PB) and aphaeresis products (AP) of 41 MM patients lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry and were correlated with clinical outcome. Results: PB lymphocyte subsets did not influence EFS or OS. Residual plasma cells in the AP were not correlated with poor outcome, whereas a high percentage of B cells (CD19+) showed a trend towards reduced EFS (P = 0.051). A high amount of CD4 cells and an increased CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly associated with prolonged EFS. In contrast, high percentage of HLA­DR positive lymphocytes showed negative impact on EFS and OS (P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Obtained data suggest the non­activated (HLA­DR negative) helper CD4+ T cells in the AP to be tumour protective. Key words: autologous graft, blood stem cell transplantation, correlation, event­free survival, lymphocytes, multiple myeloma. Received: June 3, 2008. *Correspondence: Fax: +49 89 5160 4412 E-mail: ralf.schmidmaier@med.uni-muenchen.de Abbreviations used: AP — apheresis products; EFS — event free survival; MM — multiple myeloma; OS — overall survival; PB — pe- ripheral blood. Exp Oncol 2008 30, 3, 240–243 Experimental Oncology 30, 240–243, 2008 (September)30, 240–243, 2008 (September) (September) 241 marker HLA­DR. With respect to the clinical outcome analysis below the displayed median values were used for discrimination between high and low. Table. Lymphocyte subsets within the peripheral blood stem cell grafts. After IEV mobilization treatment and GCSF stimulation leukapheresis was performed and lymphocyte subsets in the apheresis products of 41 consecutive multiple myeloma patients were determined by flow cytometry as indicated. Median and range are shown [% lymphocytes]. The median was used as cut off to discriminate between high and low for further data analysis Lymphocyte Subsets Median Range CD3 81 7–63 CD19 1 0–15 CD4 45 14–76 CD8 29 11–63 CD56/16 4 1–19 HLA-DR 5 1–37 CD138/CD38 0.03 0.00–0.84 Survival according to lymphocyte subsets with- in the graft. First, it was tested whether plasma cells within the AP predict poor outcome. Figure a shows that the median EFS was not significantly diffe rent in patients with many plasma cells (CD138+CD38+ above median) in the AP (1268 ± 258 vs 1066 ± 140 days). This is in accordance to the results from PB. However, the percentage of B cells (CD19+) within the AP had a strong trend towards prediction of poor outcome (P = 0.051, see Figure a). Figure. Correlation of lymphocyte subsets within the peripheral blood stem cell graft with clinical outcome (EFS event free sur­ vival, OS overall survival) after high dose melphalan treatment. Patients were grouped according to the amount of specific lymphocyte subsets [% lymphocytes] within the stem cell graft (high versus low defined as above or below median respectively). EFS and OS were determined for the different groups and are shown as Kaplan — Meier blots. a, EFS depending on B cells (CD19) and plasma cells (CD138/CD38). b, EFS depending on CD4 cells and CD4/CD8 ratio. c, EFS and OS depending on HLA­DR positive cells High leukocyte counts in the AP resulted in appa­ rently longer EFS (1363 ± 164 vs 862 ± 111 days) and slightly increased OS (1902 ± 138 vs 1663 ± 196 days), although these results did not reach statistical signifi­ cance (P = 0.074 and 0.288, respectively). A high percentage of CD4 cells was associated with a statistically significant prolongation of EFS (2179 ± 170 vs 1670 ± 212 days; P = 0.003), which was ad­ ditionally reflected by the results obtained regarding OS (Figure b). A low proportion of CD8 cells and con­ sequently an increased T4/T8 ratio were significantly associated with good EFS (see Figure b). In addition, a small amount of activated lymphocytes (HLA­DR+) almost doubled EFS: 1370 ± 173 vs 751 ± 104 days (Figure c). This was also associated with a significantly prolonged OS (P = 0.020). Finally, none of the lymphocyte subsets in the pe­ ripheral blood at the day of aphaeresis correlated with any outcome parameter (OS, EFS). DISCUSSION The study was conducted between 1995 and 2000. In the meantime several new drugs and treatment regimens for relapsed patients have been developed. Since probably all patients received these kind of effective salvage treatment OS is most likely a poor parameter to assess the influence of AP lymphocytes on outcome. It seems reasonable to focus on EFS in the discussion of the results. There is a trend towards a better prognosis with high leukocyte counts in the AP. This may be due to a more pronounced G­SCF responsiveness as an indica­ tor for the quality of the bone marrow microenviron­ ment [6]. However, peripheral blood leukocyte counts on the day of apheresis did not predict for EFS (data not shown). It has been shown previously that the absolute number of infused lymphocytes during ASCT predicts OS and time to progression in myeloma patients [2]. In our study the relative numbers of lymphocytes (CD3+ and CD19+) were associated with a trend towards a worse outcome, but this was due to the high num­ bers of granulocytes that reflect good bone marrow response to G­CSF. The relative amount of CD4 cells was associated with prolonged EFS in our study. The EFS was the same as the relapse free survival. The positive effect was therefore not due to prevention of infectious complications but improved tumor control. To the current knowledge more likely CD4 helper cells than cytotoxic T cells are capable of tumor surveillance and control [7–9]. Interestingly the most prominent association was found in our study with respect to activated lymphocytes (HLA­DR+). Two similar studies did not reveal significant relations [10–11]. However in the first peripheral blood was examined and in the latter allogeneic transplantations were performed, making both studies only poorly comparable. In the context with the above mentioned results regarding CD4 cells the negative impact of the activation marker HLA­DR may be explained by the fact that activated T cells are 242 Experimental Oncology 30, 240–243, 2008 (September) more differentiated and less potent to transfer regula­ tory immune functions. The number of plasma cells and as well the number of B cells in the AP do not determine the clinical out­ come of MM patients. This is in accordance with the failure of purging strategies [12] and supports the hy­ pothesis that the number of high dose chemotherapy surviving cells within in the body are quite higher than the number of plasma cells reinfused while ASCT. In contrast, the relative B cell amount in the graft was as­ sociated with an almost significant worsening of EFS. This corresponds well to the results of B cell purging in MM [13] and supports the hypothesis of precursor B cells as origin of relapse [14–15]. However, clonali­ ty was not assessed in the presented study and the sample size were probably too small to reach statistical significance. Further studies are needed to address this topic. Of note, a similar analysis was performed on lymphocytes in the PB at the day of leukapheresis, but none of the immunophenotyping parameters correlated with the outcome of the patients (data not shown). Most probably the high­dose chemotherapy diminishes the pre­existing immune function. More importantly, the lymphocytes within the graft signifi­ cantly influence the immune function after ASCT and herewith contribute to disease control [10, 16]. Indeed it has been supposed that the lymphocytes within the bone marrow influence the course of disease [17]. In summary, we suggest that a relative high pro­ portion of non­activated T helper cells within the graft predicts proper tumor control in MM patients after high­dose chemotherapy. Targeted lymphocyte preparation in the AP may further improve the results of ASCT in MM. REFERENCES 1. Anderson KC. Targeted therapy of multiple myeloma based upon tumor-microenvironmental interactions. Exp Hematol 2007; 35: 155–62. 2. Porrata LF, Gertz MA, Geyer SM, et al. The dose of infused lymphocytes in the autograft directly correlates with clinical outcome after autologous peripheral blood hematopoie tic stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2004; 18: 1085–92. 3. Straka C, Hebart H, Adler­Reichel S, et al. Blood stem cell collections after mobilization with combination chemo- therapy containing ifosfamide followed by G-CSF in multiple myeloma. Oncology 2003; 65: 94–8. 4. Blade J, Samson D, Reece D, et al. Criteria for evaluat- ing disease response and progression in patients with multiple myeloma treated by high-dose therapy and haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Myeloma Subcommittee of the EBMT. European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplant. Br J Haematol 1998; 102: 1115–23. 5. Schnabel B, Schmidmaier R, Franke D, et al. Correlation of residual leukocyte subsets with neutropenic fever during se- vere leukopenia after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Cytotherapy 2006; 8: 473–9. 6. Straka C, Oduncu F, Hinke A, et al. Responsiveness to G-CSF before leukopenia predicts defense to infection in high- dose chemotherapy recipients. Blood 2004; 104: 1989–94. 7. Bellucci R, Alyea EP, Weller E, et al. Immunologic effects of prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusion after allo- geneic marrow transplantation for multiple myeloma. Blood 2002; 99: 4610–7. 8. Raitakari M, Brown RD, Gibson J, et al. T cells in mye- loma. Hematol Oncol 2003; 21: 33–42. 9. Corthay A, Skovseth DK, Lundin KU, et al. Primary antitumor immune response mediated by CD4+ T cells. Im- munity 2005; 22: 371–83. 10. Kay NE, Leong TL, Bone N, et al. Blood levels of im- mune cells predict survival in myeloma patients: results of an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group phase 3 trial for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Blood 2001; 98: 23–8. 11. Leino L, Lilius EM, Nikoskelainen J, et al. The reap- pearance of 10 differentiation antigens on peripheral blood lymphocytes after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1991; 8: 339–44. 12. Stewart AK, Vescio R, Schiller G, et al. Purging of autologous peripheral-blood stem cells using CD34 selection does not improve overall or progression-free survival after high-dose chemotherapy for multiple myeloma: results of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19: 3771–9. 13. Mitterer M, Oduncu F, Lanthaler AJ, et al. The re- lationship between monoclonal myeloma precursor B cells in the peripheral blood stem cell harvests and the clinical response of multiple myeloma patients. Br J Haematol 1999; 106: 737–43. 14. Pilarski LM, Seeberger K, Coupland RW, et al. Leukemic B cells clonally identical to myeloma plasma cells are myelomagenic in NOD/SCID mice. Exp Hematol 2002; 30: 221–8. 15. Pilarski LM, Masellis­Smith A, Szczepek A, et al. Cir- culating clonotypic B cells in the biology of multiple myeloma: speculations on the origin of myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 1996; 22: 375–83. 16. Rutella S, Rumi C, Laurenti L, et al. Immune re- constitution after transplantation of autologous peripheral CD34+ cells: analysis of predictive factors and comparison with unselected progenitor transplants. Br J Haematol 2000; 108: 105–15. 17. Corso A, Castelli G, Pagnucco G, et al. Bone marrow T-cell subsets in patients with monoclonal gammopathies: cor- relation with clinical stage and disease status. Haematologica 1997; 82: 43–6. Experimental Oncology 30, 240–243, 2008 (September)30, 240–243, 2008 (September) (September) 243 Т-ХЕЛПЕРЫ (CD3+/CD4+) АУТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ТРАНСПЛАНТАТА СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК КРОВИ КОРРЕЛИРУЮТ С БЕЗРЕЦИДИВНОЙ ВЫЖИВАЕМОСТЬЮ БОЛЬНЫХ C МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ МИЕЛОМОЙ Микроокружение в костном мозге, включая лимфоциты, оказывает влияние на патофизиологию множественной миеломы (MM). Высокодозовая химиотерапия, за которой следует аутологическая трансплантация стволовых клеток, является стандартным подходом при лечении более молодых пациентов. Цель: изучить влияние введенных субпопуляций лимфоци­ тов на безрецидивную выживаемость (EFS) и общую выживаемость больных c ММ. Методы: методом проточной цито­ флуориметрии в периферической крови (PB) и продуктах афереза (АР) пациентов с ММ ( n = 41) изучали субпопуляции лимфоцитов и возможную корреляцию с исходом болезни. Результаты: субпопуляции лимфоцитов РB не влияли на EFS или OS. Остаточные клетки плазмы в АР не коррелировали с плохим прогнозом, в тоже время при высоком содержании В­клеток (CD19+) отмечали тенденцию к снижению EFS (P = 0,051). Высокое содержание CD4­клеток и увеличение соотношения CD4/CD8 были достоверно ассоциированы с повышением EFS. В отличие от этого, высокий процент HLA­ DR­положительных лимфоцитов имел отрицательное влияние на EFS и OS (P = 0,03 и 0,02 соответственно). Выводы: полученные данные позволяют предположить, что неактивированные (HLA­DR­отрицательные) хелперные CD4+ T­клетки в AP могут обладать антиопухолевыми свойствами. Ключевые слова: аутологический трансплантат, трансплантация стволовых клеток крови, корреляция, безрецидивная выживаемость, лимфоциты, множественная миелома. Copyright © Experimental Oncology, 2008
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institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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language English
last_indexed 2025-11-30T22:43:13Z
publishDate 2008
publisher Інститут експериментальної патології, онкології і радіобіології ім. Р.Є. Кавецького НАН України
record_format dspace
spelling Schmidmaier, R.
Oversohl, N.
Schnabel, B.
Straka, C.
Emmerich, B.
2018-06-21T13:36:30Z
2018-06-21T13:36:30Z
2008
Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients / R. Schmidmaier, N. Oversohl, B. Schnabel, C. Straka, B. Emmerich // Experimental Oncology. — 2008. — Т. 30, № 3. — С. 240–243. — Бібліогр.: 17 назв. — англ.
1812-9269
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/139909
The microenvironment in the bone marrow — including lymphocytes — is part of the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM). High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is standard of care for younger patients. Aim: To determine the influence of reinfused lymphocyte subsets on event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: In peripheral blood (PB) and aphaeresis products (AP) of 41 MM patients lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry and were correlated with clinical outcome. Results: PB lymphocyte subsets did not influence EFS or OS. Residual plasma cells in the AP were not correlated with poor outcome, whereas a high percentage of B cells (CD19+) showed a trend towards reduced EFS (P = 0.051). A high amount of CD4 cells and an increased CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly associated with prolonged EFS. In contrast, high percentage of HLA-DR positive lymphocytes showed negative impact on EFS and OS (P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Obtained data suggest the non-activated (HLA-DR negative) helper CD4+ T cells in the AP to be tumour protective.
Микроокружение в костном мозге, включая лимфоциты, оказывает влияние на патофизиологию множественной миеломы (MM). Высокодозовая химиотерапия, за которой следует аутологическая трансплантация стволовых клеток, является стандартным подходом при лечении более молодых пациентов. Цель: изучить влияние введенных субпопуляций лимфоцитов на безрецидивную выживаемость (EFS) и общую выживаемость больных c ММ. Методы: методом проточной цитофлуориметрии в периферической крови (PB) и продуктах афереза (АР) пациентов с ММ ( n = 41) изучали субпопуляции лимфоцитов и возможную корреляцию с исходом болезни. Результаты: субпопуляции лимфоцитов РB не влияли на EFS или OS. Остаточные клетки плазмы в АР не коррелировали с плохим прогнозом, в тоже время при высоком содержании В-клеток (CD19+) отмечали тенденцию к снижению EFS (P = 0,051). Высокое содержание CD4-клеток и увеличение соотношения CD4/CD8 были достоверно ассоциированы с повышением EFS. В отличие от этого, высокий процент HLADR-положительных лимфоцитов имел отрицательное влияние на EFS и OS (P = 0,03 и 0,02 соответственно). Выводы: полученные данные позволяют предположить, что неактивированные (HLA-DR-отрицательные) хелперные CD4+ T-клетки в AP могут обладать антиопухолевыми свойствами.
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Інститут експериментальної патології, онкології і радіобіології ім. Р.Є. Кавецького НАН України
Experimental Oncology
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Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
Т-хелперы (CD3+/CD4+) аутологического трансплантата стволовых клеток крови коррелируют с безрецидивной выживаемостью больных c множественной миеломой
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
Schmidmaier, R.
Oversohl, N.
Schnabel, B.
Straka, C.
Emmerich, B.
Uncategorized
title Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
title_alt Т-хелперы (CD3+/CD4+) аутологического трансплантата стволовых клеток крови коррелируют с безрецидивной выживаемостью больных c множественной миеломой
title_full Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
title_fullStr Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
title_full_unstemmed Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
title_short Helper T cells (CD3+/CD4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
title_sort helper t cells (cd3+/cd4+) within the autologous peripheral blood stem cell graft positively correlate with event free survival of multiple myeloma patients
topic Uncategorized
topic_facet Uncategorized
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/139909
work_keys_str_mv AT schmidmaierr helpertcellscd3cd4withintheautologousperipheralbloodstemcellgraftpositivelycorrelatewitheventfreesurvivalofmultiplemyelomapatients
AT oversohln helpertcellscd3cd4withintheautologousperipheralbloodstemcellgraftpositivelycorrelatewitheventfreesurvivalofmultiplemyelomapatients
AT schnabelb helpertcellscd3cd4withintheautologousperipheralbloodstemcellgraftpositivelycorrelatewitheventfreesurvivalofmultiplemyelomapatients
AT strakac helpertcellscd3cd4withintheautologousperipheralbloodstemcellgraftpositivelycorrelatewitheventfreesurvivalofmultiplemyelomapatients
AT emmerichb helpertcellscd3cd4withintheautologousperipheralbloodstemcellgraftpositivelycorrelatewitheventfreesurvivalofmultiplemyelomapatients
AT schmidmaierr thelperycd3cd4autologičeskogotransplantatastvolovyhkletokkrovikorreliruûtsbezrecidivnoivyživaemostʹûbolʹnyhcmnožestvennoimielomoi
AT oversohln thelperycd3cd4autologičeskogotransplantatastvolovyhkletokkrovikorreliruûtsbezrecidivnoivyživaemostʹûbolʹnyhcmnožestvennoimielomoi
AT schnabelb thelperycd3cd4autologičeskogotransplantatastvolovyhkletokkrovikorreliruûtsbezrecidivnoivyživaemostʹûbolʹnyhcmnožestvennoimielomoi
AT strakac thelperycd3cd4autologičeskogotransplantatastvolovyhkletokkrovikorreliruûtsbezrecidivnoivyživaemostʹûbolʹnyhcmnožestvennoimielomoi
AT emmerichb thelperycd3cd4autologičeskogotransplantatastvolovyhkletokkrovikorreliruûtsbezrecidivnoivyživaemostʹûbolʹnyhcmnožestvennoimielomoi