Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power
The possibility of increasing the active power inputted into the discharge is shown by reducing the working
 surface area of the high-voltage electrode in high-current pulsed plasma diode of low-pressure. Under conditions of
 double electric layer formation, the power densities up...
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| Date: | 2018 |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2018
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| Cite this: | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power / Ya.O. Hrechko, N.A. Azarenkov, Ie.V. Babenko, D.L. Ryabchikov, I.N. Sereda, D.A. Boloto, A.F. Tseluyko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2018. — № 4. — С. 156-159. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860011857636491264 |
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| author | Hrechko, Ya.O. Azarenkov, N.A. Babenko, Ie.V. Ryabchikov, D.L. Sereda, I.N. Boloto, D.A. Tseluyko, A.F. |
| author_facet | Hrechko, Ya.O. Azarenkov, N.A. Babenko, Ie.V. Ryabchikov, D.L. Sereda, I.N. Boloto, D.A. Tseluyko, A.F. |
| citation_txt | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power / Ya.O. Hrechko, N.A. Azarenkov, Ie.V. Babenko, D.L. Ryabchikov, I.N. Sereda, D.A. Boloto, A.F. Tseluyko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2018. — № 4. — С. 156-159. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description | The possibility of increasing the active power inputted into the discharge is shown by reducing the working
surface area of the high-voltage electrode in high-current pulsed plasma diode of low-pressure. Under conditions of
double electric layer formation, the power densities up to 2 GW/cm² are achieved in the discharge at initial stored
energy up to 200 J.
Показана можливість збільшення активної потужності, що вводиться в розряд, за рахунок зменшення
площі робочої поверхні високовольтного електрода в сильнострумовому імпульсному плазмовому діоді
низького тиску. В умовах утворення подвійного електричного шару в розряді досягається густина
потужності до 2 ГВт/см² при початковому енергозапасі до 200 Дж.
Показана возможность увеличения активной мощности, локально вводимой в разряд, за счет уменьшения
площади рабочей поверхности высоковольтного электрода в сильноточном импульсном плазменном диоде
низкого давления. В условиях образования двойного электрического слоя в разряде достигается плотность
мощности до 2 ГВт/см² при начальном энергозапасе до 200 Дж.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:42:47Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 156
ELECTRODES DIMENSIONS EFFECT ON THE SELF-SUSTAINED
PLASMA-BEAM DISCHARGE POWER
Ya.O. Hrechko, N.A. Azarenkov, Ie.V. Babenko, D.L. Ryabchikov, I.N. Sereda,
D.A. Boloto, A.F. Tseluyko
V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkov, Ukraine
E-mail: yarikgrechko18@gmail.com
The possibility of increasing the active power inputted into the discharge is shown by reducing the working
surface area of the high-voltage electrode in high-current pulsed plasma diode of low-pressure. Under conditions of
double electric layer formation, the power densities up to 2 GW/cm2 are achieved in the discharge at initial stored
energy up to 200 J.
PACS: 52.58.Lq, 52.80.Tn, 52.80.Vp
INTRODUCTION
High-gradient temperature impact on the solids
surface allows to significantly improve the properties of
the structural materials surface layer and achieve the
effects that can not be obtained by traditional processing
methods [1]. Due to the high thermal conductivity of the
materials to produce temperature gradients at level
105…107 deg/cm, the pulsed impact on a surface with a
power flux density 105…109 W/cm2 is necessary. Fast
energy input into the substance causes the flowing
therein of intense thermal and deformation processes,
leading to a change of the material structure and phase
composition. This increases the strength, wear
resistance and corrosion resistance of the material [2].
One of the methods of forming the necessary energy
flows is impact on the solid of intense fluxes of charged
particles and plasma, which opens the prospects in
creating the new radiation technologies of materials
processing [3].
The possibility of obtaining the intense energy
fluxes with a necessary power density at relatively small
(up to 200 J) initial stored energy is shown in this work.
For this purpose, a high-current pulsed plasma diode of
low pressure with a limited working surface of the high-
voltage electrode is used. This system can be used both
for experimental studies of influence of the intense
energy fluxes impact on the solids properties, and in the
physics of gas discharge, plasma heating, and
generation of powerful directional plasma radiation in
the vacuum ultraviolet range [4].
The feature of this system is the excitation of a self-
sustained plasma-beam discharge (SPBD) – the most
powerful type of gas discharge [5, 6]. At discharge
currents from hundreds amperes to mega amperes (here,
as in the arc, the emission of electrons from the cathode
is supported by cathode spots), the discharge voltage
can range from hundreds volts to hundreds kilovolts.
The high voltage of the SPBD is due to the fact that,
unlike the arc, a double electric layer of space charge
(DL) is formed in the plasma column. All active
discharge voltage is concentrated on it [7]. The intense
electron and ion beams are accelerated in the DL [8],
but main part of the power comes from the electron
beam. The dissipation of the beam energy due to the
beam-plasma interaction in dense plasma occurs in the
local region. Thus, by controlling the location of the
DL, it is possible to set the region of energy input into
the discharge.
In this work, the DL formation and the localization
of the energy release region was provided near the high-
voltage electrode of the plasma diode. Therefore, based
on the SPBD excitation conditions, the working surface
of this electrode was specially chosen much less than
the surface of the other electrode. As additional
experimental studies showed, the size of the energy
release region did not exceed 1 cm, and it was located
above the electrode surface.
In general, the work is related to the studying of the
effect of the working surface dimensions of the high-
voltage electrode on the level of the active power
inputted into the discharge.
1. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The general scheme of the experiment is presented
in Fig. 1. The discharge cell of the plasma diode was
located in the vacuum chamber 1 with working pressure
of ~ 10-6 Torr. The cell consisted of a tubular 2 and rod
3 electrodes, which were on the same axis at a distance
of 5 cm from each other. The diameter and length of the
tubular electrode were 1 cm and 3 cm, respectively. The
diameter of the rod electrode varied within
0.15…0.5 cm. The limitation of the working surface of
the rod electrode was carried out using a ceramic
insulator 4, which completely covered the side surface
of the electrode. Only electrode end was remained as the
working surface. The insulator included a ceramic crest
that prevented the plasma propagation along the
insulator to the electrode holding flange.
The current switch was eliminated from the
discharge circuit, and the electrodes were directly
connected to the supply capacitor banks С1 and С2 with
total capacitance of С = 1.914 μF. The capacitor banks
was charged to voltage V0 = 6…12 kV through the
charging resistance R0. Initially, a positive high
potential was applied to the rod electrode (high-voltage
electrode), and the tubular electrode was under ground
potential (grounded electrode).
The main discharge in the diode was excited after the
discharge gap was filled with the primary plasma 5
(npl = 1012…1013 cm-3), which was created due to the
surface breakdown between the tubular electrode and
ignition electrodes 6. For this purpose, a positive potential
of Vig = 1…2 kV was applied to the ignition electrodes.
The main discharge included two stages. In the first
stage, all voltage applied to the discharge was
concentrated near the high-voltage electrode surface on
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 157
the DL. Primary plasma electrons, accelerating in the
DL, irradiated the working surface of the high-voltage
electrode. This led to its intense evaporation, ionization
of the vapor, and the formation of dense near-electrode
plasma 7, which served as the main energy release zone.
Fig. 1. Schematic representation
of the experimental setup
The density of this plasma was npl = 1016…1017 cm-3. As
soon as the discharge active resistance became less than
twice wave resistance, the discharge passed to the
second high-current inductive stage with damped
oscillations and periods duration of ~ 3.5 μs. The
maximum current amplitude reaches up to 35 kA. To
avoid the appearance of a peripheral discharge, all
current-carrying elements were protected by a glass
insulator 8.
The dynamics of discharge current and voltage were
studied in the experiments. They were measured using
the induction current sensor and the capacitive voltage
divider, respectively. Signals were recorded with a
digital oscilloscope Tektronix TDS 2014. The region of
energy input into the plasma was estimated from the
luminescence in the visible spectrum region using a
high-speed photo-registration system based on an
electron-optical converter.
2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
To determine the effect of the working surface
dimensions of the high-voltage electrode on the level of
the active power inputted into the discharge, electrodes
with diameter of 0.5, 0.25 and 0.15 cm were used in the
work. The diameter of the tubular grounded electrode
remained unchanged. The calculation of the discharge
active power was based on the time dependence of the
discharge current using the original calculation
technique. A complete description of this technique is
presented in paper [9].
Fig. 2 shows the dynamics of the discharge current
(a), the active power generated in the circuit (b) and
inputted into the discharge (c) at a charging voltage
V0 = 12 kV and the high-voltage electrode diameter
da = 0.25 cm. The solid line in Fig. 2,b corresponds to
the total active power generated in the whole circuit; the
dashed line – only at the active resistance of the supply
circuit. The difference between them corresponds to the
active power inputted into the local discharge region,
under DL formation conditions (see Fig. 2,c). One can
see that the level of active power generated in the circuit
reaches ~ 130 MW, and the level of power locally
inputted into the discharge is ~ 80 MW at the initial
stored energy of ~ 140 J. In this case, the power density
near the working surface of the high-voltage electrode
with diameter da = 0.25 cm is ~ 1.6 GW/cm2. Also it
should be noted that the main part of the energy is
released in the 1st half-period of the discharge current
oscillations. In this regard, further in the paper compares
only the energy released in the 1st half-period.
Fig. 2. Dynamics of the discharge current (a), the active
power generated in the circuit (b) and inputted into
the discharge (c) at a charging voltage V0 = 12 kV
and the high-voltage electrode diameter da = 0.25 cm
Fig. 3 presents the dependence of the maximum
discharge current on the initial stored energy for
different high-voltage electrode diameters. The solid
line corresponds to the electrode diameter of 0.5 cm, the
dashed line – 0.25 cm, the dotted line – 0.15 cm. One
can see that the discharge current decreases with
decreasing the high-voltage electrode diameter.
However, due to the limited working surface of the
high-voltage electrode, the discharge current density
increases significantly. When the electrode diameter
decreases from 0.5 to 0.15 cm, the current density near
the electrode increases from 0.16 MA/cm2 to
1.6 MA/cm2 at the same initial stored energy ~ 140 J.
0.0 2.0µ 4.0µ 6.0µ 8.0µ 10.0µ
0
20
40
60
80
P d, M
W
t, s
c
0.0 2.0µ 4.0µ 6.0µ 8.0µ 10.0µ
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
I d, k
A
t, s
a
0.0 2.0µ 4.0µ 6.0µ 8.0µ 10.0µ
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
whole circuit
at a constant circuit resistanceP а, M
W
t, s
b
Vig
Rig
C1 C2
+V0
Id
1
4
3 7
2 5
6
8
R0
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 158
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0
10
20
30
I d_
ma
x, k
A
W0, J
da = 0.5 cm
da = 0.25 cm
da = 0.15 cm
Fig. 3. Dependence of the maximum discharge current
on the initial stored energy for different high-voltage
electrode diameters
The dependence of the maximum discharge current
on the high-voltage electrode diameter and the initial
stored energy can be represented by the following
relationship:
1,0636,0
0
383,0
max 225,1
−⋅⋅⋅= ad
a WdI , (1)
where [Imax] = kA, [da] = mm, [W0] = J.
Fig. 4 shows the dependence of the energy (a) and
the specific energy (b) released in the discharge in the
1st half-period, under the DL formation conditions, on
the initial stored energy for different high-voltage
electrode diameters. The type of lines corresponds to
Fig. 3. One can see that the level of energy released in
the discharge increases substantially as the high-voltage
electrode diameter decreases. It was noted that the level
of power generated in the circuit remains unchanged,
and the level of power inputted into the discharge, under
the DL formation conditions, increases significantly as
the diameter decreases. When the electrode diameter
decreases from 0.5 to 0.15 cm, the power density near
the working surface of the high-voltage electrode
increases from 0.15 to 2.5 GW/cm2 at the same initial
stored energy ~ 140 J.
Also it should be noted that for the electrode
diameter of 0.5 cm the energy share released in the
discharge almost unchanged (within 15%) as the initial
stored energy increases. But when the diameter
decreases, the energy share decreases up to 30% as the
initial stored energy increases. This is clearly seen from
Fig. 5, which presents the dependence of the specific
energy released in the discharge in the 1st half-period,
on the high-voltage electrode diameter for the averaged
values of the charging voltage. The solid line
corresponds to the averaged values for the charging
voltages V0 = 6 and 7 kV, the dashed line – for V0 = 11
and 12 kV. One can see that two groups of charge
voltages are clearly distinguished when the electrode
diameter decreases from 0.5 to 0.15 cm. This fact
should be taken into account when carrying out the
technological operations on the impact of intense energy
flows on the solid surface.
It should be noted an interesting fact. It was found
that there is no need to limit the electrode working
surface at the reduced electrode diameter (less than
0.2 cm).
Fig. 4. Dependence of the energy (a) and the specific
energy (b), released in the discharge in the 1st half-
period, on the initial stored energy for different
high-voltage electrode diameters
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
W
DL
1/W
0, r
el.
un
.
da, cm
V0 = 6 kV and 7 kV
V0 = 11 kV and 12 kV
Fig. 5. Dependence of the specific energy,
released in the discharge in the 1st half-period,
on the high-voltage electrode diameter
for the averaged values of the charging voltage
This is due to the fact that at the electrode diameter
is less than 0.2 cm the dense near-electrode plasma is
displaced to the electrode end by the intrinsic magnetic
field of the discharge current. The DL formation occurs
at the front of this plasma. At the electrode diameter of
more than 0.2 cm, such effect was not observed, since
the intrinsic magnetic field is not sufficient to hold the
plasma at the electrode end. Fig. 6 shows the
dependence of the magnetic field strength of the
maximum discharge current on the initial stored energy
for different high-voltage electrode diameters. The solid
line corresponds to the electrode diameter of 0.5 cm, the
dashed line – 0.25 cm, the dotted line – 0.15 cm. One
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0
10
20
30
40
50
da = 0.5 cm
da = 0.25 cm
da = 0.15 cm
W
DL
1, J
W0, J
а
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
W
DL
1/W
0, r
el.
un
.
W0, J
da = 0.5 cm
da = 0.25 cm
da = 0.15 cm
b
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 159
can see that at the electrode diameter of 0.15 cm the
value of the intrinsic magnetic field reaches ~ 75 kOe at
the initial stored energy of ~ 133 J.
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
0
20
40
60
80
H θ
_m
ax
, k
Oe
W0, J
da = 0.5 cm
da = 0.25 cm
da = 0.15 cm
Fig. 6. Dependence of the magnetic field strength
of the maximum discharge current on the initial stored
energy for different high-voltage electrode diameters
In addition, the high-speed photographic registration
of the discharge gap in the visible wavelength range was
carried out. The studies have shown the process of
plasma displacement by the intrinsic magnetic field on
the high-voltage electrode end.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus the studies have shown that the level of power
inputted into the discharge increases by 40…50% when
the working surface area of the high-voltage electrode is
reduced by an order (from 0.2 to 0.02 cm2). The energy
released in the discharge increases up to 70%. At the
same time, the discharge current is insignificant (~ 10%)
decreases. It is noted that for the electrode diameter of
0.5 cm, the energy share released in the discharge varies
within 15% as the initial stored energy increases.
However, when the electrode diameter is reduced to
0.15 cm, the energy share decreases up to 30% as the
initial stored energy increases. Also it is mentioned that
under conditions when the pressure of the discharge
current intrinsic magnetic field exceeds the discharge
gas kinetic pressure, there is no need to limit the
working surface of the high-voltage electrode, since the
dense plasma is displaced to the electrode end by the
intrinsic magnetic field.
REFERENCES
1. A.Ya. Leyvi et al. Modification of the constructional
materials with the intensive charged particle beams
and plasma flows // Bulletin of the South Ural State
University. Series “Mechanical Engineering
Industry”. 2016, v. 16, № 1, p. 28-55.
2. V.S. Krasnikov et al. On the mechanisms of
smoothing the micro relief of the target surface upon
irradiation with an intense flux of charged particles
// Journal of Technical Physics. 2007, v. 77, iss. 4,
p. 41-49.
3. Y. Paulea. Materials Surface Processing by Directed
Energy Techniques. Elsevier, 2006, 744 p.
4. A.F. Tseluyko et al. Experimental study of radiation
in the wavelength range 12.2…15.8 nm from a
pulsed high-current plasma diode // Plasma Physics
Reports. 2008, v. 34, iss. 11, p. 963-968.
5. E.I. Lutsenko et al. Self-sustained plasma-beam
discharge // Letters to Journal of Technical Physics.
1987, v. 13, № 5, p. 294-298.
6. Y. Hrechko et al. The efficiency of the pulsed power
input in the limited plasma diode // 2017 IEEE 21st
International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC),
Brighton. 2017, p. 1-4.
7. E.I. Lutsenko et al. Dynamic double layers in high-
current plasma diodes // Journal of Technical
Physics. 1988, v. 58, № 7, p. 1299-1309.
8. L.P. Block. A double layer review // Astrophysics
and Space Science. 1978, v. 55, iss. 1, p. 55-83.
9. Ya.O. Hrechko et al. Features of active power
definition in high-current pulsed discharge //
Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series
“Plasma Physics”. 2016, № 6, p. 48-51.
Article received 29.05.2018
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗМЕРОВ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ НА МОЩНОСТЬ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОГО
ПЛАЗМЕННО-ПУЧКОВОГО РАЗРЯДА
Я.О. Гречко, Н.А. Азаренков, Е.В. Бабенко, Д.Л. Рябчиков, И.Н. Середа, Д.А. Болото, A.Ф. Целуйко
Показана возможность увеличения активной мощности, локально вводимой в разряд, за счет уменьшения
площади рабочей поверхности высоковольтного электрода в сильноточном импульсном плазменном диоде
низкого давления. В условиях образования двойного электрического слоя в разряде достигается плотность
мощности до 2 ГВт/см2 при начальном энергозапасе до 200 Дж.
ВПЛИВ РОЗМІРІВ ЕЛЕКТРОДІВ НА ПОТУЖНІСТЬ САМОСТІЙНОГО
ПЛАЗМОВО-ПУЧКОВОГО РОЗРЯДУ
Я.О. Гречко, М.О. Азарєнков, Є.В. Бабенко, Д.Л. Рябчіков, І.М. Середа, Д.О. Болото, О.Ф. Целуйко
Показана можливість збільшення активної потужності, що вводиться в розряд, за рахунок зменшення
площі робочої поверхні високовольтного електрода в сильнострумовому імпульсному плазмовому діоді
низького тиску. В умовах утворення подвійного електричного шару в розряді досягається густина
потужності до 2 ГВт/см2 при початковому енергозапасі до 200 Дж.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗМЕРОВ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ НА МОЩНОСТЬ Самостоятельного Плазменно-ПУчкового РАЗРЯДА
ВПЛИВ РОЗМІРІВ ЕЛЕКТРОДІВ НА ПОТУЖНІСТЬ Самостійного плазмово-пучкового розряду
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-147330 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T16:42:47Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Hrechko, Ya.O. Azarenkov, N.A. Babenko, Ie.V. Ryabchikov, D.L. Sereda, I.N. Boloto, D.A. Tseluyko, A.F. 2019-02-14T14:05:50Z 2019-02-14T14:05:50Z 2018 Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power / Ya.O. Hrechko, N.A. Azarenkov, Ie.V. Babenko, D.L. Ryabchikov, I.N. Sereda, D.A. Boloto, A.F. Tseluyko // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2018. — № 4. — С. 156-159. — Бібліогр.: 9 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 52.58.Lq, 52.80.Tn, 52.80.Vp https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/147330 The possibility of increasing the active power inputted into the discharge is shown by reducing the working
 surface area of the high-voltage electrode in high-current pulsed plasma diode of low-pressure. Under conditions of
 double electric layer formation, the power densities up to 2 GW/cm² are achieved in the discharge at initial stored
 energy up to 200 J. Показана можливість збільшення активної потужності, що вводиться в розряд, за рахунок зменшення
 площі робочої поверхні високовольтного електрода в сильнострумовому імпульсному плазмовому діоді
 низького тиску. В умовах утворення подвійного електричного шару в розряді досягається густина
 потужності до 2 ГВт/см² при початковому енергозапасі до 200 Дж. Показана возможность увеличения активной мощности, локально вводимой в разряд, за счет уменьшения
 площади рабочей поверхности высоковольтного электрода в сильноточном импульсном плазменном диоде
 низкого давления. В условиях образования двойного электрического слоя в разряде достигается плотность
 мощности до 2 ГВт/см² при начальном энергозапасе до 200 Дж. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Вопросы атомной науки и техники Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power Вплив розмірів електродів на потужність самостійного плазмово-пучкового розряду Влияние размеров электродов на мощность самостоятельного плазменно-пучкового разряда Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power Hrechko, Ya.O. Azarenkov, N.A. Babenko, Ie.V. Ryabchikov, D.L. Sereda, I.N. Boloto, D.A. Tseluyko, A.F. Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия |
| title | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power |
| title_alt | Вплив розмірів електродів на потужність самостійного плазмово-пучкового розряду Влияние размеров электродов на мощность самостоятельного плазменно-пучкового разряда |
| title_full | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power |
| title_fullStr | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power |
| title_full_unstemmed | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power |
| title_short | Еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power |
| title_sort | еlectrodes dimensions effect on the self-sustained plasma-beam discharge power |
| topic | Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия |
| topic_facet | Плазменно-пучковый разряд, газовый разряд и плазмохимия |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/147330 |
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