Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac
Ways of the bunch current and density increase at the target on the helium ions linear accelerator NSC “KhIPT” with output energy 4 MeV are considered. Possibility of its transportation with the minimum losses to target complex intended for carrying out of radiating researches is studied. Results o...
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| Zitieren: | Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac / A.F. Dyachenko, R.A. Anokhin, S.N. Dubniuk, А.P. Коbets, A.I. Kravchenko, O.V. Manuilenko, V.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Soshenkо, S.S. Tishkin, B.V. Zajtsev, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. Zhuravlоv // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2018. — № 4. — С. 52-55. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1473382025-02-09T11:55:53Z Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac Система формування та транспортування пучка до мішені лінійного прискорювача іонів гелію Система формирования и транспортировки пучка к мишени линейного ускорителя ионов гелия Dyachenko, A.F. Anokhin, R.A. Dubniuk, S.N. Коbets, А.P. Kravchenko, A.I. Manuilenko, O.V Reshetnikov, V.M. Soshenkо, V.A. Tishkin, S.S. Zajtsev, B.V. Zhuravlоv, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. Нерелятивистская электроника Ways of the bunch current and density increase at the target on the helium ions linear accelerator NSC “KhIPT” with output energy 4 MeV are considered. Possibility of its transportation with the minimum losses to target complex intended for carrying out of radiating researches is studied. Results of the researches spent on electromagnetic quadrupole lenses of a triplet are presented. Experiments with injected (120 кэВ) and accelerated (4 MeV) bunch of helium ions by means of bunch formation and transport system to a target are made. Розглянуто способи збільшення на мішені струму та щільності пучка, прискореного до 4 МеВ на лінійному прискорювачі іонів гелію ННЦ ХФТІ. Вивчена можливість його транспортування з мінімальними втратами до мішенного комплексу, призначеному для проведення радіаційних досліджень. Подані результати досліджень, що проведені на електромагнітних квадрупольних лінзах триплету. Проведено експерименти з інжектуючим (120 кеВ) і прискореним (4 МеВ) пучками іонів гелію за допомогою системи формування та транспортування пучка до мішені. Рассмотрены способы увеличения на мишени тока и плотности пучка, ускоренного до 4 МэВ на линейном ускорителе ионов гелия ННЦ ХФТИ. Изучена возможность его транспортировки с минимальными потерями к мишенному комплексу, предназначенному для проведения радиационных исследований. Представлены результаты исследований, проведенных на электромагнитных квадрупольных линзах триплета. Проведены эксперименты с инжектируемым (120 кэВ) и ускоренным (4 МэВ) пучками ионов гелия с помощью системы формирования и транспортировки пучка к мишени. 2018 Article Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac / A.F. Dyachenko, R.A. Anokhin, S.N. Dubniuk, А.P. Коbets, A.I. Kravchenko, O.V. Manuilenko, V.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Soshenkо, S.S. Tishkin, B.V. Zajtsev, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. Zhuravlоv // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2018. — № 4. — С. 52-55. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 PACS: 29.17.w, 29.27.Bd https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/147338 en Вопросы атомной науки и техники application/pdf Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| language |
English |
| topic |
Нерелятивистская электроника Нерелятивистская электроника |
| spellingShingle |
Нерелятивистская электроника Нерелятивистская электроника Dyachenko, A.F. Anokhin, R.A. Dubniuk, S.N. Коbets, А.P. Kravchenko, A.I. Manuilenko, O.V Reshetnikov, V.M. Soshenkо, V.A. Tishkin, S.S. Zajtsev, B.V. Zhuravlоv, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac Вопросы атомной науки и техники |
| description |
Ways of the bunch current and density increase at the target on the helium ions linear accelerator NSC “KhIPT”
with output energy 4 MeV are considered. Possibility of its transportation with the minimum losses to target complex intended for carrying out of radiating researches is studied. Results of the researches spent on electromagnetic
quadrupole lenses of a triplet are presented. Experiments with injected (120 кэВ) and accelerated (4 MeV) bunch of
helium ions by means of bunch formation and transport system to a target are made. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Dyachenko, A.F. Anokhin, R.A. Dubniuk, S.N. Коbets, А.P. Kravchenko, A.I. Manuilenko, O.V Reshetnikov, V.M. Soshenkо, V.A. Tishkin, S.S. Zajtsev, B.V. Zhuravlоv, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. |
| author_facet |
Dyachenko, A.F. Anokhin, R.A. Dubniuk, S.N. Коbets, А.P. Kravchenko, A.I. Manuilenko, O.V Reshetnikov, V.M. Soshenkо, V.A. Tishkin, S.S. Zajtsev, B.V. Zhuravlоv, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. |
| author_sort |
Dyachenko, A.F. |
| title |
Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac |
| title_short |
Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac |
| title_full |
Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac |
| title_fullStr |
Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac |
| title_sort |
тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac |
| publisher |
Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| topic_facet |
Нерелятивистская электроника |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/147338 |
| citation_txt |
Тhe bunch formation and transport system to the target of the helium ions linac / A.F. Dyachenko, R.A. Anokhin, S.N. Dubniuk, А.P. Коbets, A.I. Kravchenko, O.V. Manuilenko, V.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Soshenkо, S.S. Tishkin, B.V. Zajtsev, O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. Zhuravlоv // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2018. — № 4. — С. 52-55. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 52
THE BUNCH FORMATION AND TRANSPORT SYSTEM
TO THE TARGET OF THE HELIUM IONS LINAC
A.F. Dyachenko, R.A. Anokhin, S.N. Dubniuk, А.P. Коbets, A.I. Kravchenko,
O.V. Manuilenko, V.M. Reshetnikov, V.A. Soshenkо, S.S. Tishkin, B.V. Zajtsev,
O.V. Zhuravlоv, V.G. Zhuravlоv
National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology”, Kharkov, Ukraine
E-mail: dyachenkoa@kipt.kharkov.ua
Ways of the bunch current and density increase at the target on the helium ions linear accelerator NSC “KhIPT”
with output energy 4 MeV are considered. Possibility of its transportation with the minimum losses to target com-
plex intended for carrying out of radiating researches is studied. Results of the researches spent on electromagnetic
quadrupole lenses of a triplet are presented. Experiments with injected (120 кэВ) and accelerated (4 MeV) bunch of
helium ions by means of bunch formation and transport system to a target are made.
PACS: 29.17.w, 29.27.Bd
INTRODUCTION
Now works are conducted on the new section in-
tended for acceleration of ions He4
+ (A/q = 4) with in-
jection energy 30 keV/u and output energy
0.975 MeV/u. This section can be used as as an injector
in the basic section of BS-5 with output energy
8.5 MeV/u, and it is independent for carrying out of
applied researches with output energy of 4 MeV (the
helium ions linear accelerator).
Basic elements of the helium ions linear accelerator
are: an injector, the resonator with the accelerating
structure, placed in a vacuum tank (Fig. 1) and bunch
formation and transport system from output of acceler-
ating section to the target chamber with accompanying
diagnostic devices for carrying out of physical research-
es (Fig. 2). A special feature of the accelerator is the use
of an alternating-phase focusing (APF) with a step-by-
step change in the synchronous phase and an increasing
amplitude of the RF field in accelerating gaps on the
grouping part of the accelerating-focusing tract [1 - 4].
Fig. 1. A source of ions and accelerating structure
vacuum tank
Fig. 2. The bunch formation and transport system from
the output of accelerating section to the target chamber
The work purpose is carrying out numerical and ex-
perimental researches of various variants of accelerated
bunch formation and transport with the minimum losses
to target complex intended for realization of radiating
researches.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
The new section was created as an alternative vari-
ant prestripping section PSS-15 for the further accelera-
tion of particles in the basic section of BS-5 of the linear
accelerator. Already at that time there was a problem of
the accelerated bunch transport between sections. The
similar problem dared earlier after replacement of the
basic section with Alvarets structure on new interdigital
accelerating structure which almost on 6 m was shorter
than the previous. Then not to displace the target devic-
es transporting the accelerated bunch in the chamber for
physical researches, the decision to provide new BS-5
with a binding to target devices remaining on former
places was accepted. In this connection between sec-
tions PSS-15 and BS-5 was formed six-metre-long in-
terval, and there was a necessity of accelerated bunch
transport between sections with the minimum losses.
The line of the bunch transport, consisting of 3 triplets
and a doublet has been for this purpose developed, made
and established (Fig. 3) which has successfully worked
a number of years.
Fig. 3. A line of bunch transportation between sections
PSS-15 (on the right) and BS-5 (at the left)
Therefore, when there was a similar problem, we,
certainly, have paid attention to available equipment –
electromagnetic quadrupole lenses of triplets and dou-
blet with power supplies. Unfortunately, any documen-
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 53
tation on these devices has not remained, and specialists
too any more were not. That is there were already work-
ing triplets and a doublet, but their characteristics were
unknown. There was a task of measurement of charac-
teristics available electromagnetic quadrupole lenses,
carrying out of their focusing parameter calculations
and study of application variants for our problems deci-
sion.
Simultaneously the decision of a task not only bunch
transport to target complex became essential, but also
possibility search substantially to increase its density.
RESEARCH OF CHARACTERISTICS
QUADRUPOLE LENSES AND
CALCULATION OF THE TRIPLET
FOCUSING CHANNEL
For the purpose of carrying out of such measure-
ments near a rack with power supplies electromagnetic
quadrupole lenses, long and short lenses with the neces-
sary measuring equipment (Fig. 4) have been placed.
The measuring complex contained following elements:
the power unit of electromagnetic quadrupole lenses (in
drawing it is not shown), a long or short lens, the am-
peremeter for measurement of the current proceeding in
lens М1107 (a class of the device accuracy 0.2), and a
magnetic inductometer Ш1-8 (accuracy of the device
measurements in a range to 0.4 T – 1.5%).
Fig. 4. A measuring complex for electromagnetic
characteristics definition of quadrupole lenses
As for the subsequent calculations it was necessary
to define a magnetic field gradient between poles quad-
rupole lens, measurements of a magnetic induction were
spent on different distance from the center of an interpo-
lar circle. For this purpose the special dielectric insert
with various depths cuts for installation of a measuring
probe on three distances from an interpolar circle center:
4.5, 12.5 and 20.5 mm has been made. For each probe
position dependences of a magnetic induction on a cur-
rent in lenses were measured. The measurement results
are given in Figs. 5, 6.
The perform measurements have allowed to calcu-
lating magnetic field gradients in lenses for carrying out
of the further calculations.
For the decision of bunch transport to a target prob-
lem with the minimum losses and increases of its densi-
ty in our variant the focusing triplet most approaches,
with an independent food entering into its composition
electromagnetic quadrupole lenses.
1 2 3 4 5 6
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
B,
T
I, A
4.5 mm
12.5 mm
20.5 mm
Long lens
Fig. 5. Dependence of a magnetic induction
on a long lens current for probe various positions
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
4.5 mm
12.5 mm
20.5 mm
Short lens
В,
Т
I, A
Fig. 6. Dependence of a magnetic induction
on a short lens current for probe various positions
Such triplet gives the chance to change operatively
density of the bunch current falling on a target, depend-
ing on experiment requirements. As the accelerating
structure is constructed on the basis of alternating-phase
focusing and on output is formed axisymmetric a bunch
of ions the most suitable is use of a symmetric triplet for
preservation of a transported bunch character. The
symmetric triplet consists of three electromagnetic
quadrupole lenses with alternating focusing and defo-
cusing properties. The extreme lenses have identical
length, and the middle lens length is equal to the sum of
extreme lens lengths.
To calculate the transport channel with a focusing
triplet and the particles dynamics in it, the output beam
characteristics of the structure with APF were obtained
using the APFRFQ code: a bunch energy – 4 MeV, a
bunch current – 4 мА, a bunch diameter – 30 mm, the
beam envelope inclination angle is – 0 мрад [5, 6]. As a
result of calculation and optimization of a triplet main
parameters: selection of drift interval lengths and mag-
netic field gradients in lenses values for the transport
channel geometry, values of a magnetic field gradients
in electromagnetic quadrupole lenses have been re-
ceived and particles dynamics in such channel is calcu-
lated.
In a Fig. 7 are presented: bunch envelope, received
for the chosen channel geometry by means of code
Trace-3d [7]. Numerals designate drift intervals: 1 –
347.5 mm, 3 – 75 mm, 5 – 70 mm, 7 – 297.5 mm; poles
electromagnetic quadrupole lenses: 2 – 90 mm, 4 –
180 mm, 6 – 90 mm. Magnetic field gradients created in
the electromagnetic lenses: 2 – 18 T/m, 4 – 15.7 T/m,
6 – 18 T/m. The calculating results received on ideal-
ized model, and real values can differ from the experi-
mental a few. By the results of conducting experimental
researches and calculations the bunch tracking channel
to target complex is generated.
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 54
Fig. 7. Calculating results of the transport channel
of helium ion bunch from accelerating structure output
to the target
RESEARCHES OF THE TRIPLET
FOCUSING PROPERTIES ON INJECTED
(120 keV) THE BUNCH
At triplet placing on a site of bunch transport to the
target chamber the various variants connected with use
of measuring devices (cylinder Faraday, induction
gauges), by working off connection designs of a vacu-
um path elements were considered and carried out. Thus
the triplet was necessary for placing as it is possible
more close to output flange of the accelerator vacuum
tank for reduction of the accelerated bunch losses. Ne-
cessity of use bellows in transport track for an outcome
adjusting elements was the additional negative factor.
At the first investigation phase of a triplet focusing
properties measurement are spent on injected (not ac-
celerated, energy 30 keV/u) helium ions bunch.
It has appeared that if a bunch current on input in a
triplet 1500 μА, and output 700 μА after its inclusion
and adjustment (selection of a current values in three
lenses for the purpose of the maximum current recep-
tion) it is received 1250 μА. Currents were measured by
means of the induction gauges established on input and
output from a triplet [8].
Further more detailed measurements for studying of
a triplet focusing possibilities for the purpose of the
maximum current reception on irradiated samples have
been spent. For this the scheme of measurements has
been changed: induction gauges were established before
and after the irradiation chamber. In Figs. 8, 9 the re-
sults which show essential influence of currents, pro-
ceeding in lenses, on triplet focusing properties are giv-
en.
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
D1
D2
I2 = 1 A
I1 = 0.8 A
In
je
ct
io
n,
µ
A
I3, A
Fig. 8. Dependence of a bunch current on a current in
the third lens at I1 = 0.8 A, I2 = 1 A. D1 – the induction
gauge on irradiation chamber input, D2 – the induction
gauge on irradiation chamber output
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
D1
D2
I2 = 0.8 A
I1 = 0.4 A
In
je
ct
io
n,
µ
A
I3, A
Fig. 9. Dependence of a bunch current on a current
in the third lens at I1 = 0.4 A, I2 = 0.8 A. D1 –
the induction gauge on irradiation chamber input, D2 –
the induction gauge on irradiation chamber output
Apparently from Fig. 9 the variant of the maximum
current reception on the sample is possible.
RESEARCHES OF THE TRIPLET
FOCUSING PROPERTIES ON THE BUNCH
ACCELERATED TO 4 MeV
For carrying out of measurements with the acceler-
ated bunch (energy of 0.975 MeV/u) the scheme of
measurements has been changed: the induction gauge is
established before a triplet. It is necessary that with its
help to supervise value of a bunch accelerated current as
in a kind of thermostating system absence on the accel-
erator constant tracing and correcting of bunch parame-
ters is required. The second induction gauge is estab-
lished after a triplet. Further target chamber settled
down on which on a bunch course have established a
plate from plexiglas with put on it luminophor for visual
indication of the accelerated helium ions bunch. The
bunch image on luminophor by means of the webcam
was transferred to the computer. At this time measure-
ments of a triplet focusing properties are spent at such
research scheme. In Figs. 10, 11 some results of the
spent researches are shown.
Fig. 10. Accelerated bunch visualization in the absence
of a current in triplet quadrupole lenses
Fig. 11. Accelerated bunch visualization at selection
of currents in triplet quadrupole lenses
(stain diameter circa 1 cm)
ISSN 1562-6016. ВАНТ. 2018. №4(116) 55
At adjustment of bunch focusing and transport sys-
tem from an accelerator output to a target the density of
its current is essentially increased and close to the nec-
essary value – 1.2×1013 particle/s in stain diameter
1 cm.
CONCLUSIONS
The helium ions bunch formation and transport sys-
tem from an accelerator output to a target are calculated,
developed, made necessary elements, assembled and
adjusted. The conducted researches of triplet quadrupole
lenses, and also parameters injected (energy 120 keВ)
and accelerated (energy 4 MeV) helium ions bunches
have shown that the offered system of helium ions
bunch formation and transport on accelerator output
allows to increase essentially bunch current density on
target and to come nearer to the necessary value –
1.2×1013 particle/s in stain diameter 1 cm. This system
see can be used as in transport line of the accelerated
bunch to the basic section of the accelerator multicharge
ions with output energy 8.5 MeV/u, and for increase of
current density of helium ions bunch with energy
4 MeV it is direct on a target for carrying out of experi-
mental researches.
REFERENCES
1. V.O. Bomko, Z.O. Ptukhina, S.S. Tishkin. Variant
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Article received 19.06.2018
СИСТЕМА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКИ ПУЧКА К МИШЕНИ ЛИНЕЙНОГО
УСКОРИТЕЛЯ ИОНОВ ГЕЛИЯ
A.Ф. Дьяченко, Р.A. Анохин, С.Н. Дубнюк, А.Ф. Кобец, A.И. Кравченко, O.В. Мануйленко,
В.Н. Решетников, В.A. Сошенко, С.С. Тишкин, Б.В. Зайцев, A.В. Журавлев, В.Г. Журавлев
Рассмотрены способы увеличения на мишени тока и плотности пучка, ускоренного до 4 МэВ на линей-
ном ускорителе ионов гелия ННЦ ХФТИ. Изучена возможность его транспортировки с минимальными по-
терями к мишенному комплексу, предназначенному для проведения радиационных исследований. Пред-
ставлены результаты исследований, проведенных на электромагнитных квадрупольных линзах триплета.
Проведены эксперименты с инжектируемым (120 кэВ) и ускоренным (4 МэВ) пучками ионов гелия с помо-
щью системы формирования и транспортировки пучка к мишени.
СИСТЕМА ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ТРАНСПОРТУВАННЯ ПУЧКА ДО МІШЕНІ ЛІНІЙНОГО
ПРИСКОРЮВАЧА ІОНІВ ГЕЛІЮ
О.Ф. Дьяченко, Р.A. Анохін, С.М. Дубнюк, А.П. Кобець, A.І. Кравченко, O.В. Мануйленко,
В.М. Решетніков, В.A. Сошенко, С.С. Тишкін, Б.В. Зайцев, О.В. Журавльов, В.Г. Журавльов
Розглянуто способи збільшення на мішені струму та щільності пучка, прискореного до 4 МеВ на ліній-
ному прискорювачі іонів гелію ННЦ ХФТІ. Вивчена можливість його транспортування з мінімальними
втратами до мішенного комплексу, призначеному для проведення радіаційних досліджень. Подані результа-
ти досліджень, що проведені на електромагнітних квадрупольних лінзах триплету. Проведено експерименти
з інжектуючим (120 кеВ) і прискореним (4 МеВ) пучками іонів гелію за допомогою системи формування та
транспортування пучка до мішені.
INTRODUCTION
conclusions
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