Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites
The FEP based binary and ternary plastics composites were prepared by melt blending. The microstructure, crystallization behavior and thermal degradation behavior of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were investigated by FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD and TGA. The FT-IR, SEM and DSC results shows...
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| Cite this: | Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites / Chen Jian-bing, Li Zhun-zhun, Xu Nan // Functional Materials. — 2018. — Т. 25, № 1. — С. 93-99. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1544632025-02-09T16:39:50Z Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites Chen Jian-bing Li Zhun-zhun Xu Nan Characterization and properties The FEP based binary and ternary plastics composites were prepared by melt blending. The microstructure, crystallization behavior and thermal degradation behavior of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were investigated by FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD and TGA. The FT-IR, SEM and DSC results shows that the FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were presented thermodynamics incompatible. The degree of crystallinity of FEP was decreased as PEEK or with PEI simultaneously were added to FEP matrix, while the degree of crystallinity of FEP increases first then decreases as PEI was added to FEP matrix. The TGA results shows that the thermal stability of FEP/PEEK composites enhance with PEEK content increases when the PEEK content is under 25%, then decreased when the PEEK content is over 25%, the thermal stability of FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites decreased with PEI or PEEK added to the FEP matrix. This work was financially supported by the Key Projects of the Outstanding Young Talents in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province (gxyqZD2016373) and the Innovation Practice rojects of Chemistry and Materails(2014sjjd029). 2018 Article Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites / Chen Jian-bing, Li Zhun-zhun, Xu Nan // Functional Materials. — 2018. — Т. 25, № 1. — С. 93-99. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. 1027-5495 DOI:https://doi.org/10.15407/fm25.01.093 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/154463 en Functional Materials application/pdf НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України |
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Characterization and properties Characterization and properties |
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Characterization and properties Characterization and properties Chen Jian-bing Li Zhun-zhun Xu Nan Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites Functional Materials |
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The FEP based binary and ternary plastics composites were prepared by melt blending. The microstructure, crystallization behavior and thermal degradation behavior of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were investigated by FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD and TGA. The FT-IR, SEM and DSC results shows that the FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were presented thermodynamics incompatible. The degree of crystallinity of FEP was decreased as PEEK or with PEI simultaneously were added to FEP matrix, while the degree of crystallinity of FEP increases first then decreases as PEI was added to FEP matrix. The TGA results shows that the thermal stability of FEP/PEEK composites enhance with PEEK content increases when the PEEK content is under 25%, then decreased when the PEEK content is over 25%, the thermal stability of FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites decreased with PEI or PEEK added to the FEP matrix. |
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Chen Jian-bing Li Zhun-zhun Xu Nan |
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Chen Jian-bing Li Zhun-zhun Xu Nan |
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Chen Jian-bing |
| title |
Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites |
| title_short |
Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites |
| title_full |
Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites |
| title_fullStr |
Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites |
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Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites |
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structure, crystallization and thermal behavior of fluorinated ethylene propylene (fep) based plastics composites |
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НТК «Інститут монокристалів» НАН України |
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2018 |
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Characterization and properties |
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Structure, Crystallization and Thermal Behavior of Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) based Plastics Composites / Chen Jian-bing, Li Zhun-zhun, Xu Nan // Functional Materials. — 2018. — Т. 25, № 1. — С. 93-99. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — англ. |
| series |
Functional Materials |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT chenjianbing structurecrystallizationandthermalbehavioroffluorinatedethylenepropylenefepbasedplasticscomposites AT lizhunzhun structurecrystallizationandthermalbehavioroffluorinatedethylenepropylenefepbasedplasticscomposites AT xunan structurecrystallizationandthermalbehavioroffluorinatedethylenepropylenefepbasedplasticscomposites |
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2025-11-28T01:24:12Z |
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Functional materials, 25, 1, 2018 93
ISSN 1027-5495. Functional Materials, 25, No.1 (2018), p. 93-99
doi:https://doi.org/10.15407/fm25.01.93 © 2018 — STC “Institute for Single Crystals”
Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior
of fluorinated ethylene �ro�ylene ������ basedfluorinated ethylene �ro�ylene ������ based������ based
�lastics com�osites
����� ������������� �� ������������� �� ��������� ������������� �� ������������� �� ����
School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Chizhou University,
Chizhou, Anhui, 247000, P.R. China
Received December 5, 2017
The FEP based binary and ternary plastics composites were prepared by melt blending. The
microstructure, crystallization behavior and thermal degradation behavior of FEP/PEEK, FEP/
PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were investigated by FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD and TGA.
The FT-IR, SEM and DSC results shows that the FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI
composites were presented thermodynamics incompatible. The degree of crystallinity of FEP
was decreased as PEEK or with PEI simultaneously were added to FEP matrix, while the degree
of crystallinity of FEP increases first then decreases as PEI was added to FEP matrix. The TGA
results shows that the thermal stability of FEP/PEEK composites enhance with PEEK content
increases when the PEEK content is under 25%, then decreased when the PEEK content is over
25%, the thermal stability of FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites decreased with PEI or
PEEK added to the FEP matrix.
Keywords: FEP, PEEK, PEI, microstructure, crystallization behavior, thermal degradation
Бинарные и тройные пластиковые композиты на основе фторированного
этиленпропилена (FEP) были приготовлены путем смешивания в расплаве. Микроструктура,
поведение кристаллизации и поведение тепловой деградации композитов FEP / PEEK, FEP
/ PEI и FEP / PEEK / PEI были исследованы с помощью FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD и TGA
методов. Результаты показывают, что композиты FEP / PEEK, FEP / PEI и FEP / PEEK
/ PEI являются термодинамически несовместимыми. Степень кристалличности FEP
уменьшалась, поскольку PEEK или PEI одновременно добавлялись к матрице FEP, тогда
как степень кристалличности FEP сначала возрастала, а затем уменьшалась по мере
добавления PEI к матрице FEP. Показано, что термическая стабильность композитов FEP /
PEEK увеличивается с увеличением содержания PEEK, когда содержание PEEK составляет
менее 25%, а затем уменьшается, когда содержание PEEK превышает 25%. Термическая
стабильность FEP / PEI и FEP / PEEK/ композиты PEI уменьшается с добавлением PEI или
PEEK к матрице FEP.
Структура, кристалізація та термічні властивості пластмасових композитів
на основі фторованих етіленпропілена (FEP). Chen Jian-bing, Li Zhun-zhun, Xu Nan.
Бінарні і потрійні пластикові композити на основі фторованих етіленпропілена (FEP) були
приготовлені шляхом змішування в розплаві. Мікроструктуру, поведінку кристалізації
і поведінку теплової деградації композитів FEP / PEEK, FEP / PEI і FEP / PEEK / PEI
досліджено за допомогою FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD і TGA методів. Результати показують,
що композити FEP / PEEK, FEP / PEI і FEP / PEEK / PEI є термодинамічно несумісними.
Ступінь кристалічності FEP зменшувалася, оскільки PEEK або PEI одночасно додавалися до
матриці FEP, тоді як ступінь кристалічності FEP спочатку зростала, а потім зменшувалася
у міру додавання PEI до матриці FEP. Показано, що термічна стабільність композитів FEP
/ PEEK збільшується зі збільшенням вмісту PEEK, коли вміст PEEK становить менше 25%,
а потім зменшується, коли вміст PEEK перевищує 25% . Термічна стабільність FEP / PEI і
FEP / PEEK / композити PEI зменшується. Термічна стабільність FEP / PEI і FEP / PEEK /
композити PEI зменшується з додаванням PEI або PEEK до матриці FEP.
94 Functional materials, 25, 1, 2018
Chen Jian-bing et al. / Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior ...
1. Introduction
(FEP) can be consider as modified polytet-
rafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is a copolymer
of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafuoropropylene
via free-radical polymerization. FEP is a kind
of crystalline polymer, with similar in compo-
sition to the PTFE. FEP share the excellent
properties of PTFE such as low friction, non-
reactivity, corrosion resistance, low dielectric
constant, uninflammable and excellent me-
chanical properties. Compared with PTFE, FEP
have better processing property, because FEP
having a melting point of 250~270 °C, around
40 °C lower than Perluoroalkoxy polymer resin
(PFA), and lower than PTFE.[1-2] FEP have
widely used for wiring due to the properties of
low dielectric constant and uninflammable.[3]
In addition, because of the chemical composure
and chemical fuels resistance in extreme tem-
peratures, flexibility and optical transparency,
FEP can be used as “release films” in manu-
facturing high-quality composites parts, and
used for the application of plastic labware and
medical apparatus and instruments.[4] Howev-
er, the processing properties of FEP are better
than some engineering plastics, but the tensile
strength, creep resistance and abrasive resis-
tance are reverse, which restricts its further
application.
In order to extending the application fields
of FEP, many researchers has been studied
the modification of FEP with other polymers
such as polypropylene (PP), Polyimide (PI),
PTFE and polystyrene (PS). However, because
of the chemical inertness of FEP, the repeated
FEP based composites were prepared by radia-
tion grafting method[5-7] and spray method.
Liang J Z et al[8] prepared the FEP/PP com-
posites by melt extrusion molding, the melt
shear behavior of PP, FEP and FEP/PP were
investigated by Bohlin higher rheometer. The
results showed that the melt shear viscosity of
PP and FEP/PP composites conforms with the
Arrhenius equation, FEP and FEP/PP com-
posites presented obvious shear thinning with
shear rate increases, the zero-shear viscosity
of FEP/PP composites was enhanced with the
weight fraction of PP increases. Zhao H et al[9]
investigated the tribological properties od PI/
FEP self-lubricating composites with dry slid-
ing, water-lubricated and oil-lubricated con-
ditions. The results showed that the friction
coefficients of PI/FEP composites under water
lubrication were lower than under dry sliding,
the wear rates were higher than under dry
sliding. There exists lowest friction coefficients
and wear rates under oil-lubricated condition.
Wang H et al[10] repeated that the polyphen-
ylene sulfide (PPS)/FEP/polyetheretherketone
(PEEK)/polydimethylsiloxane (PMDS) com-
posite coating with excellent self-cleaning,
bending/heat/wear-resistance and heating-sta-
bility properties have been prepared by spray
method. The research results showed that the
contact angles of water, glycerine, ethylene gly-
col, crude oil and oil-water mixture were over
151°, and even up to 173°. The wear life was
10 times as compared with PPS/PEEK coating,
the brittleness and chemical reagent resistant
of PPS/FEP/PEEK/PDMS coating was signifi-
cantly better than PPS/PEEK coating.
Blend alloy is one of the most effective
means to improving the properties of polymer
due to large improvement has been achieved
in the characteristics including thermal prop-
erties, mechanical properties, crystallizability
and cost effectiveness by blending appropriate
polymer materials [11–12]. In this article, the
binary and ternary plastic composites of FEP,
PEEK and poly(etherimide) (PEI) were fabri-
cated by melt blending, the effects of crystal
polymer PEEK and amorphous polymer PEI on
the crystalline and thermal properties of crys-
tal polymer FEP were investigated by FT-IR,
SEM, DSC, XRD and TGA.
2. Experimental materials and sample
preparation
The FEP, PEEK and PEI used in this work
were obtained by Dupont, the glass-transition
temperature (Tg), melting point and thermal
decomposition temperature (Td) of FEP, PEEK
and PEI were listed in Table 1. The materials
were preliminarily dried at 120 °C for 5 hours,
and then melt blended using a twin-screw ex-
truder (model: SHJ-20, Nanjing Yajie Extrusion
Equipment Co. Ltd., China). Extrusion process-
ing parameters: temperatures of extruder sec-
tions for 230~365 °C, screw speed 10~30 r/min,
head pressure 9~11 MPa.
2.1. ��aracteri�ations��aracteri�ations
The chemical structures of the FEP/PEEK/
PEI composites were analyzed by Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) (Nico-
let IS–10). The spectra were recorded from 400
to 4000 cm–1 with a resolution of 2 cm–1 and
32 scans. The microstructural of FEP/PEEK/
Table 1. The thermodynamic parameters of
FEP, PEEK and PEI
Materials Tg , °C Melting
point, °C Td, °C
FEP 30 265~285 460
PEEK 150 343 520
PEI 215~217 334 515
Functional materials, 25, 1 2018 95
Chen Jian-bing et al. / Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior ...
PEI composites were observed by Scanning
electron microscope (SEM) (HITACHI S-4800).
The crystallization and thermal decomposition
behaviors of FEP/PEEK/PEI composites were
studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (DX-2700),
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (TA Q-
2000) and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA)
(TA Q-2000) with a nitrogen atmosphere,
respectively. The testing temperature were
20~450 °C and 20~800 °C heated at 10 °C/min.
4.Results and Discussion
4.1.��emical Structure and Micro-
structure of FEP based composites
Figure 1 shows the FT-IR spectrum of pure
FEP, PEEK and PEI plastics.The absorption
peak observed at 1154 cm–1 was due to stretch-
ing vibrations of C-F groups present in the
spectrum of FEP. The peak appeared at 1654
cm–1, 1597 cm–1, 1220 cm–1 and 1014 cm–1 were
belong to the stretching vibrations of C=O,
benzene, Ø-O-Ø and C-O groups present in the
spectrum of PEEK. The peak appeared at 1776
cm–1, 1597 cm–1, 1355 cm–1 and 1014 cm–1 were
belong to the stretching vibrations of C=O, ben-
zene, C-N and C-O groups present in PEI.
The FT-IT spectrum and characteristic ab-
sorption peak of the binary plastic composites
of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI
ternary plastic composites were show in Figure
2 and Table 3. The characteristic peak of FEP/
PEEK composites appeared as linear superpo-
sition. With the content of PEEK increases, the
characteristic peak position remain unchanged,
while the peak area decreases slightly, as shown
in Figure 2(a) and Table 3.
As shown in Figure 2(b) and Table 3, it was
observed that the characteristic peak of FEP
and PEI were appears at the spectrum of FEP/
PEI composites, entirely. However, the peak
position of C-N present at PEI was shifted from
Table 2. Detailed formulae of FEP/PEEK/PEI
composites
Materials FEP (phr) PEEK
(phr) PEI (phr)
P100-K0-I0 100 0 0
P0-K100-I0 0 100 0
P0-K0-I100 0 0 100
P85-K15-I0 85 15 0
P80-K20-I0 80 20 0
P75-K25-I0 75 25 0
P70-K30-I0 70 30 0
P95-K0-I5 95 0 5
P92-K0-I8 92 0 8
P90-K0-I10 90 0 10
P85-K0-I15 85 0 15
P80-K0-I20 80 0 20
P90-K5-I5 90 5 5
P85-K10-I5 85 10 5
P80-K15-I5 80 15 5
P75-K20-I5 75 20 5
Fig. 1. FT-IR spectrum of pure FEP, PEEK and PEI (a: FEP; b: PEEK; c: PEI)
Fig. 2. FT-IR spectrum of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites
96 Functional materials, 25, 1, 2018
Chen Jian-bing et al. / Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior ...
1355 cm–1 to 1360 cm–1 when PEI was added
to FEP, the peak symmetry of FEP/PEI com-
posites was changed from FEP to PEI as in-
creasing the content of PEI. It indicated that
there exists weak interaction between FEP and
PEEK.
As compared with pure FEP, PEEK and
PEI, the FT-IR spectrum of FEP/PEEK/PEI
ternary composites was changed apparently, as
shown in Figure 2(c) and Table 3. The stretch-
ing vibrations peak of C-F was shifted from
1154 cm–1 to 1146 cm–1, and the peak symme-
try was changed. The absorption peak of C-N
was shifted from 1355 cm–1 to 1403 cm–1, while
the peak position of C=O was shifted from 1654
cm–1 to 1622 cm–1. From Figure 2(a) and Figure
2(b ), there almost have no interaction between
the groups of FEP with PEEK and PEI, which
can proved that the FT-IR spectrum changes of
FEP/PEEK/PEI ternary composites was caused
by the interaction of the polar groups presents
at PEEK and PEI.
The SEM images of FEP based binary and
ternary composites were shown in Figure 3. As
shown in Figure 3(a), for FEP/PEEK binary
composites, the filiform substance was con-
sidered as PEEK, which was dispersed in the
matrix of FEP phase and there was a distinct
interface between FEP and PEEK phase. For
FEP/PEI composites, the PEI phase present-
ed as particles was evenly distributed among
the matrix of FEP phase and there was a dis-
tinct interface between FEP and PEI phase, as
shown in Figure 3(b). In Figure 3(c), it can be
observed that there was exists two-phase struc-
ture, many particles which was considered as
PEEK and PEI mixed phase speculated by the
formula content of FEP/PEEK/PEI ternary
composites and FEP/PEEK/PEI FT-IR spec-
trum, the particles was uniformly dispersed
in the matrix. In addition, there exists a dis-
Table 3. Characteristic absorption peak of the FEP based binary and ternary plastics composites
Materials C=O C-O C-F Ø-O-Ø C=O at imine ring C-N
P100-K0-I0 — — 1154 — — —
P0-K100-I0 1654 1014 — 1220 — —
P0-K0-I100 — 1015 — — 1776 1355
P70-K30-I0 1654 1014 1154 1220 — —
P75-K25-I0 1654 1014 1154 1220 — —
P95-K0-I5 — 1015 1154 — 1776 1360
P90-K0-I10 — 1015 1154 — 1776 1360
P85-K0-I15 — 1015 1154 — 1776 1360
P80-K0-I20 — 1015 1154 — 1776 1360
P90-K5-I5 1622 1015 1146 1220 — 1403
P85-K10-I5 1622 1015 1146 1220 — 1403
P80-K15-I5 1622 1015 1146 1220 — 1403
P75-K20-I35 1622 1015 1146 1220 — 1403
Fig. 3. SEM images of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites (a: P70-K30-I0; b: P85-K0-
I15; c: P85-K10-I5)
Functional materials, 25, 1 2018 97
Chen Jian-bing et al. / Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior ...
tinct interface between particles and matrix in
FEP/PEEK/PEI composites. From the SEM im-
ages of FEP based composites, it can indicated
that FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI
were not miscible in thermodynamics, because
of the chemical inertness structure of FEP, and
the PEEK and PEI were miscible in thermody-
namics, which was consistent with the FT-IR
spectrum.
4.2.�rystalli�ation and t�ermodynam-
ics be�avior of FEP based composites
The DSC curves and DSC measurement
data of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/
PEI composites were shown in Figure 4 and
Table 4. The degree of crystallinity (Xc) of
FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI
composites were determined from the area
of endothermic melting peaks were shown in
Figure 5. As shown in Figure 4(a) and Table
4, the DSC curve of FEP/PEEK shows that the
crystal-melting peak of FEP/PEEK composites
and melting peak of FEP were increased with
the content of PEEK increases. According to
the DSC curves and SEM images, it can deducededuce
that the Tm3 corresponds to PEEK and Tm2
corresponds to PEEK and FEP composites. The
Xc curve of FEP/PEEK was shown in Figure
5(a), it can be seen that the Xc of FEP/PEEK
composites decreased with the content of PEEK
increases, the Xc of FEP/PEEK composites
decreased was caused by the crystalline region
were destroyed as PEEK added.
From the DSC curve and measurement data
of FEP/PEI composites can be seen with the con-
tent of PEI increases, the crystal-melting peak
of FEP first increased and then decreased, and
the Xc of FEP/PEI composites were increases
first and then decreases. When the content of
PEI was under 15%, the heterogeneous nucle-
ating effect of PEI increases the nucleating and
crystallizing rate, and then achieved improve-
Table 4. DSC measurement data of FEP/
PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI com-
posites
Materials Tm1 Tm2 Tm3 Tc
P70-K30-I0 262.90 345.50 ─ 185.90
P75-K25-I0 262.89 339.20 346.30 175.90
P80-K20-I0 262.64 337.80 347.80 174.60
P85-K15-I0 262.60 337.14 345.74 176.64
P95-K0-I5 259.30 ─ ─ ─
P92-K0-I8 260.10 ─ ─ ─
P90-K0-I10 260.44 ─ ─ ─
P85-K0-I15 262.60 ─ ─ ─
P80-K0-I20 261.40 ─ ─ ─
P90-K5-I5 262.80 338.40 ─ 209.30
P85-K10-I5 263.60 332.19 342.79 206.49
P80-K15-I5 262.40 332.80 345.50 205.90
P75-K20-I5 261.44 335.84 346.24 196.84
Fig. 4. DSC curves of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites
Fig. 5. Xc changing curves of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites
98 Functional materials, 25, 1, 2018
Chen Jian-bing et al. / Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior ...
ment of the melt point and Xc of FEP. When
the content of PEI was over 15%, the crystal-
line region of FEP was destroyed, the Xc of FEP
decreased, the melting peak decreases.
Figure 4(c) and Figure 5(c) shows the
DSC and Xc curves of FEP/PEEK/PEI
curves, the melt point of Tm1, Tm2 and Tm3
were corresponds to FEP, PEI and PEEK,
respectively. It can be seen that the melt point
of FEP were decreased, while the melt point
of PEI and PEEK increased as the content of
PEEK increases. The Xc of FEP was decreasedwas decreased decreased
with increases the content of PEEK, which was
caused by the crystalline region were destroyed
as PEEK content increases.
Figure 6 and Table 5 shows the XRD data
of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI
composites. It can seen that the crystalline dif-
fraction peaks of PEEK can not be discovered
in Figure 6(a), with the content of PEEK in-
creases, the half peak width of FEP were in-
creases, which revealed that the grain size of
FEP decreases with PEEK increases. For FEP/
PEI composites, when the content of PEI was
under 15 %, the half peak width of FEP diffrac-
tion peak decreases with PEI content increases.
For FEP/PEEK/PEI composites, the PEI con-
centration remain unchanged, with the PEEK
content increases, the half peak width of FEP
diffraction peak increases, which revealed that
with PEEK increases, the grain size of FEP de-
creases.
Figure 7 and Table 6 shows the thermal sta-
bility of FEP based composites. It can be seen
that the Ti, Tm and Tf of FEP/PEEK composites
enhance with PEEK content increases when
the PEEK content is under 25%, and decreased
when the PEEK content is over 25%. For FEP/
PEI composites, the Ti and Tm decreased with
PEI content increases, while the Tf increas-
es. For FEP/PEEK/PEI composites, the PEI
content remain constant, when the content
of PEEK increases, the Ti, Tm and Tf of FEP/
PEEK/PEI composites decreases.
Fig. 6. XRD diffraction pattern of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites
Table 5. XRD measurement data of FEP/
PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI com-
posites
Materials 2θ/° Half peak width
P70-K30-I0 17.899 0.56
P75-K25-I0 17.680 0.46
P80-K20-I0 17.880 0.44
P85-K15-I0 17.162 0.41
P95-K0-I5 17.980 0.44
P92-K0-I8 17.702 0.41
P90-K0-I10 18.039 0.43
P85-K0-I15 17.519 0.41
P90-K5-I5 17.961 0.41
P85-K10-I5 17.619 0.43
P80-K15-I5 18.020 0.51
P75-K20-I5 17.158 0.66
Fig. 7. TGA curves of FEP/PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI composites
Functional materials, 25, 1 2018 99
Chen Jian-bing et al. / Structure, crystallization and thermal behavior ...
5.�onclusion
In this article, the FEP based binary and
ternary plastic composites were fabricated by
melting blend method. The structure, crystal-
line and thermal properties were investigated
by FT-IR, SEM, DSC, XRD and TGA. The FEP/
PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI compos-
ites were presented thermodynamics incom-
patible according to the FT-IR, SEM and DSC
analysis. The DSC measurement data shows
that the Xc of FEP/PEEK decreases as PEEK
content increases, the Xc of FEP/PEI enhance
with PEI content increases when the PEI con-
tent under 15 %, and decreases when the PEI
content over 15 %. For FEP/PEEK/PEI, the
PEI content remain constant, with PEEK in-
creases, the Xc of FEP/PEEK/PEI decreases.
The XRD results shows that the grain size of
FEP/PEEK decreases with PEEK increases, for
FEP/PEI composites, when the content of PEI
was under 15 %, the half peak width of FEP
diffraction peak decreases with PEI content in-
Table 6. TGA measurement data of FEP/
PEEK, FEP/PEI and FEP/PEEK/PEI com-
posites
Materials
Initial
degrada-
tion tem-
perature
(Ti)
maximum
mass loss
rate tem-
perature
(Tm)
Finish
degrada-
tion tem-
perature
(Tf)
P70-K30-I0 474.76 519.52 535.77
P75-K25-I0 484.12 530.98 551.51
P80-K20-I0 483.61 529.89 549.95
P85-K15-I0 471.87 529.71 549.84
P92-K0-I8 496.72 532.66 542.79
P90-K0-I10 438.35 532.72 546.94
P85-K0-I15 432.53 526.87 551.38
P80-K0-I20 450.05 520.95 551.88
P90-K5-I5 470.67 522.77 550.95
P85-K10-I5 467.18 524.27 549.15
P80-K15-I5 450.78 514.28 544.61
P75-K20-I5 438.45 526.09 547.50
creases. For FEP/PEEK/PEI composites, with
the PEEK content increases, the half peak
width of FEP diffraction peak increases, which
revealed that with PEEK increases, the grain
size of FEP decreases. The TGA results shows
that the Ti, Tm and Tf of FEP/PEEK composites
enhance with PEEK content increases when
the PEEK content is under 25%, and decreased
when the PEEK content is over 25%, the Ti and
Tm of FEP/PEI decreased with PEI content in-
creases, while the Tf increases. For FEP/PEEK/
PEI composites, the PEI content remain con-
stant, when the content of PEEK increases, the
Ti, Tm and Tf of FEP/PEEK/PEI composites de-
creases.
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by
the Key Projects of the Outstanding Young
Talents in Colleges and Universities of An-
hui Province (gxyqZD2016373) and the In-
novation Practice rojects of Chemistry and
Materails(2014sjjd029)..
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