Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets

A discrete set in the p-dimensional Euclidian space is almost periodic, if the measure with the unite masses at points of the set is almost periodic in the weak sense. We propose to construct positive almost periodic discrete sets as an almost periodic perturbation of a full rank discrete lattice....

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Опубліковано в: :Algebra and Discrete Mathematics
Дата:2010
Автори: Favorov, S., Kolbasina, Y.
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Мова:Англійська
Опубліковано: Інститут прикладної математики і механіки НАН України 2010
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Цитувати:Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets / S. Favorov, Y. Kolbasina // Algebra and Discrete Mathematics. — 2010. — Vol. 9, № 2. — С. 48–58. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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author Favorov, S.
Kolbasina, Y.
author_facet Favorov, S.
Kolbasina, Y.
citation_txt Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets / S. Favorov, Y. Kolbasina // Algebra and Discrete Mathematics. — 2010. — Vol. 9, № 2. — С. 48–58. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ.
collection DSpace DC
container_title Algebra and Discrete Mathematics
description A discrete set in the p-dimensional Euclidian space is almost periodic, if the measure with the unite masses at points of the set is almost periodic in the weak sense. We propose to construct positive almost periodic discrete sets as an almost periodic perturbation of a full rank discrete lattice. Also we prove that each almost periodic discrete set on the real axes is an almost periodic perturbation of some arithmetic progression.
 
 Next, we consider signed almost periodic discrete sets, i.e., when the signed measure with masses +1 or -1 at points of a discrete set is almost periodic. We construct a signed discrete set that is not almost periodic, while the corresponding signed measure is almost periodic in the sense of distributions. Also, we construct a signed almost periodic discrete set such that the measure with masses +1 at all points of the set is not almost periodic.
first_indexed 2025-12-07T18:28:35Z
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fulltext A D M D R A F T Algebra and Discrete Mathematics RESEARCH ARTICLE Volume 9 (2010). Number 2. pp. 48 – 58 c© Journal “Algebra and Discrete Mathematics” Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets Favorov Sergey and Kolbasina Yevgeniia Communicated by B. V. Novikov Abstract. A discrete set in the p-dimensional Euclidian space is almost periodic, if the measure with the unite masses at points of the set is almost periodic in the weak sense. We propose to construct positive almost periodic discrete sets as an almost periodic perturbation of a full rank discrete lattice. Also we prove that each almost periodic discrete set on the real axes is an almost periodic perturbation of some arithmetic progression. Next, we consider signed almost periodic discrete sets, i.e., when the signed measure with masses +1 or -1 at points of a discrete set is almost periodic. We construct a signed discrete set that is not almost periodic, while the corresponding signed measure is almost periodic in the sense of distributions. Also, we construct a signed almost periodic discrete set such that the measure with masses +1 at all points of the set is not almost periodic. The concept of almost periodicity plays an important role in various branches of analysis. In particular, almost periodic discrete sets are used for investigation of zero sets of some holomorphic functions (cf. [8],[5]), in value distribution theory of some classes of meromorphic functions (cf. [3]), as a model of quasicrystals (cf. [7],[9]). Note that in [7] the question (Problem 4.4) was raised if there exist other discrete almost periodic sets in R p, besides of the form L+ E with a discrete lattice L and a finite set E. Here we propose several ways to construct almost periodic discrete sets. Next, we introduce signed almost periodic discrete sets. In particular, 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 11K70; 52C07, 52C23. Key words and phrases: perturbation of discrete lattice, almost periodic discrete set, signed discrete set, quasicrystals. A D M D R A F T S. Favorov, Ye. Kolbasina 49 we construct signed discrete set such that its associate measure is almost periodic in the sense of distributions and not almost periodic in the weak sense. To formulate our result beforehand we have to recall some known definitions (see, for example, [1]). A continuous function f(x) in R p is almost periodic, if for any ε > 0 the set of ε-almost periods of f {τ ∈ R p : sup x∈Rp |f(x+ τ)− f(x)| < ε} is a relatively dense set in R p. The latter means that there is R = R(ε) < ∞ such that any ball of radius R contains an ε-almost period of f . Note that almost periodic functions are uniformly bounded in R p. Besides, every almost periodic function is the uniform in x ∈ R p limit of a sequence of exponential polynomials of the form P (x) = ∑ m cmei〈x,λm〉, λm ∈ R p, cm ∈ C, (1) here 〈., .〉 is the scalar product in R p. A Borel measure µ in R p is almost periodic if it is almost periodic in the weak sense, i.e., for any continuous function ϕ in R p with a compact support the convolution ∫ ϕ(x+ t) dµ(t) (2) is an almost periodic function in x ∈ R p (see [10]). The definition suits to signed measures as well. Theorem 1 ([10], Theorems 2.1 and 2.7). For any signed almost periodic measure µ in R p there exists M < ∞ such that the variation |µ| satisfies the condition |µ|(B(c, 1)) < M ∀c ∈ R p. (3) Besides, there exists uniformly in x ∈ R p a finite limit D(µ) = lim R→∞ µ(B(x,R)) ωpRp . Here B(x,R) is an open ball with the center at the point x and radius R, ωp is the volume of B(0, 1). Following [7], we will say that a discrete set A is a Delone set, if there are r > 0 and R < ∞ such that each ball of radius r contains at most one element of A, and each ball of radius R contains at least one element of A. A D M D R A F T 50 Perturbations of discrete lattices Definition 1 ([7]). A Delone set A is almost periodic, if its associate measure µA = ∑ x∈A δx, (4) where δx is the unit mass at the point x, is almost periodic. We will consider some generalization of discrete sets, namely multiple discrete sets in R p. This means that a number m(x) ∈ N corresponds to each point x from a discrete set. We denote this object by A = {(x,m(x))} and the corresponding discrete set by s(A). Also, we will write A = (ak), where every term a ∈ s(A) appears m(a) times in the sequence (ak). In the case p = 2 the definition coincides with the definition of the divisor of an entire function in the complex plane. The definition of almost periodic Delone sets has an evident general- ization to almost periodic multiple discrete set s. Definition 2. A multiple discrete set A is almost periodic, if its associate measure µA = ∑ x∈s(A) m(x)δx (5) is almost periodic. Put card(A ∩ E) = ∑ x∈s(A)∩E m(x) for any E ⊂ R p. The following result is a consequence of Theorem 1. Theorem 2. For any almost periodic multiple discrete setA there exists M < ∞ such that card (A ∩B(x, 1)) < M ∀x ∈ R p. (6) Besides, there exists uniformly in x ∈ R p a finite density D(A) = lim R→∞ card(A ∩B(x,R)) ωpRp . (7) Another proof of Theorem 2 see in [4]. There is a geometric criterium for multiple discrete sets to be almost periodic. A D M D R A F T S. Favorov, Ye. Kolbasina 51 Theorem 3 ([4], Theorem 11). An almost periodic multiple discrete set (an) ⊂ R p is almost periodic if and only if for each ε > 0 the set of ε-almost periods of (an) {τ ∈ R p : ∃ a bijectionσ : N → N such that sup n∈N |an + τ − aσ(n)| < ε} (8) is relatively dense in R p. At the first time almost periodic divisors appeared in papers [8] and [11], where only shifts along real axis were considered. The definition of almost periodicity based on the above geometric property. An analog of Theorem 3 was proved in [5]. Almost periodic perturbations of discrete lattices. Let F (x) = (F1(x), . . . , Fp(x)) be a mapping from R p to R p with almost periodic components Fj(x). For convenience of a reader, prove the following known assertion. Proposition. For any ε > 0 the set of common ε-almost periods of Fj with integer coordinates is relatively dense in R p. Proof. By the well-known Kronecker Theorem, the system of inequalities | exp〈τ, λn〉 − 1| < δ, n = 1, . . . , N, (9) has a relatively dense in R p set of solutions τ for any δ > 0 and any λn ∈ R p, n = 1, . . . , N . Let {ej} p j=1 be the natural basis in Rp. Common solutions of (9) and the system | exp 2π〈τ, ej〉 − 1| < η, j = 1, . . . , p, (10) form a relatively dense set too. Whenever τ satisfies (10), there is r ∈ Z p such that |τ − r| < pη/π. Hence for sufficiently small η there exists a relatively dense set of solutions r ∈ Z p of system (9) with 2δ instead of δ. If each function Fj is an exponential polynomial of form (1), then there exist δ and λ1, . . . , λN such that these solutions are common ε-almost periods of Fj . In the general case we can approximate the functions Fj(x) by sequences of exponential polynomials. Let F be the same as above, and L be an arbitrary discrete full rank lattice in R p. Rewrite it in the form L = {kΓ, k ∈ Z p}, where Γ is a non-generated p × p matrix. If r ∈ Z p is a common ε-almost period of A D M D R A F T 52 Perturbations of discrete lattices components of F , then τ = rΓ is an pε-almost period of the discrete multiple set A = (ak), ak = kΓ + F (k), k ∈ Z p, (11) where the bijection σ : Z p → Z p in (8) has the form σ(k) = k + r. Whenever all components F are almost periodic, Theorem 3 implies that A is an almost periodic multiple discrete set. Also, note that in the case of sufficiently small supRp |F (x)| we obtain an almost periodic Delone set. It is easy to construct an almost periodic set in R p without any periods. Take F (x) = 1 3 √ p (sinx1, . . . , sinxp) for x = (x1, . . . , xp), and put A = k + F (k), k ∈ Z p. If τ ∈ R p \ {0} is a period of A, then k + τ + F (k) = k′ + F (k′) for all k ∈ Z p and some k′ = k′(k, τ). Clearly, τ = τ (1) + τ (2), where τ (1) = (τ (1) 1 , . . . , τ (1) p ) ∈ Z p and modula of all components of τ (2) = (τ (2) 1 , . . . , τ (2) p ) is less then 1/2. Therefore, k′ = k+ τ (1) and sin(kj + τ (1) j ) = τ (2) j + sin kj for all k = (k1, . . . , kp) ∈ Z p and j = 1, . . . , p, that is impossible. Clearly, all vectors from a lattice L are periods of every almost periodic set of the form L+ E with a finite set E. Therefore we obtain an answer on the question raised in [7]. Note that in [2] and [6] we have got representation (11) with a squire lattice L and a bounded mapping F (x) for a wide class of multiple discrete sets in R p, in particular, for every almost periodic multiple discrete set s. We do not know if each almost periodic set has representation (11) with some lattice L and a mapping F (x) with almost periodic coordinates Fj . But this is true for almost periodic sets in the real axis. Theorem 4. Let A = (ak)k∈Z, where ak ≤ ak+1 for all k, be an almost periodic multiple discrete set in R with the density D. Then ak = Dk+f(k) with an almost periodic function f . In [8] a similar result was obtained for real parts of zeros of almost periodic entire functions from some special class. Proof. Without loss of generality we may suppose that density D of the set A is equal to 1. Also we suppose that 0 ∈ A and a0 = 0. Take arbitrary x, y, h ∈ R, x < y, h > 0. Using Theorem 3, take L > 2 such that any interval i ⊂ R of length L contains a 1-almost period κ of A. Since i− κ ⊂ (−L, L), we get card(A ∩ i) ≤ M, where M = card(A ∩ (−L− 1, L+ 1)). A D M D R A F T S. Favorov, Ye. Kolbasina 53 Take a 1-almost period κ of the set A such that y < x+ κ < y + L. By definition, there is a bijection ρ between all points of the set A∩(x+κ, x+ κ+ h] and some points of the set A ∩ (x− 1, x+ h+ 1]. Moreover, the same ρ is a bijection between some points of the set A∩ (x+κ, x+κ+h] and all points of the set A ∩ (x+ 1, x+ h− 1]. Therefore we have |card(A ∩ (x+ κ, x+ κ+ h])− card(A ∩ (x, x+ h])| ≤ card(A ∩ ((x− 1, x+ 1] ∪ (x+ h− 1, x+ h+ 1]) ≤ 2M. Since (x+ κ, x+ κ+ h] \ (y, y + h] ⊂ (y + h, y + h+ L), (y, y + h] \ (x+ κ, x+ κ+ h] ⊂ (y, y + L), we obtain |card(A ∩ (x, x+ h])− card(A ∩ (y, y + h])| ≤ 2M + card(A ∩ [(y, y + L) ∪ (y + h, y + h+ L)]) ≤ 4M. For any T ∈ N the half–interval (x, x+ Th] is the union of half–intervals (x+(j−1)h, x+jh], j = 1, . . . , T . If we set y = x+(j−1)h, j = 2, . . . , T , we get |card(A ∩ (x, x+ h])− T−1card(A ∩ (x, x+ Th])| ≤ 4M. Taking into account (7) with D(A) = 1, we obtain |card(A ∩ (x, x+ h])− h| ≤ 4M ∀x ∈ R, h > 0. (12) Furthermore, put n(t) = card(A ∩ (0, t]) for t > 0, n(t) = −card(A ∩ (t, 0]) for t < 0, n(0) = 0. Take ε < L/(24M). Let τ > 2L be an ε-almost period of the set A. Clearly, if x, y, x + τ, y + τ do not belong to the ε-neighborhood Uε of the set s(A), then we have n(y + τ)− n(x+ τ) = n(y)− n(x). Therefore, the function n(x+ τ)− n(x) takes the same number p ∈ N for all x ∈ R \ (Uε ∪ (Uε − τ)). Next, denote by E[a] the integer part of a real number a. Put N = E[L/(4Mε)] + 1. It is easily shown that L 4Mε < N < τ 2Mε(E[τ/L] + 1) − 1. (13) A D M D R A F T 54 Perturbations of discrete lattices Denote by mesG the Lebesgue measure of the set G. Since any half-interval (y, y + τ ] contains at most M(E[τ/L] + 1) points of the set A, we get mes   N ⋃ j=0 [(Uε − jτ) ∩ (0, τ)]   ≤ N ∑ j=0 mes[Uε ∩ (jτ, (j + 1)τ)] ≤ (N + 1)2εM(E[τ/L] + 1) < τ. Hence there is x ∈ (0, τ) such that the points x, x+ τ, . . . , x+Nτ do not belong to Aε. Therefore, n(x+Nτ)− n(x) = N ∑ j=1 n(x+ jτ)− n(x+ (j − 1)τ) = Np. On the other hand, using (12) with h = Nτ , we get |n(x+Nτ)− n(x)−Nτ | < 4M. Consequently, by (13), we get |τ − p| < 4M/N < 16M2ε/L. Put γ(k) = ak − k for all k ∈ Z. We shall prove that |γ(m+ p)− γ(m)| < Hε ∀m ∈ Z, (14) with H = 5M + 16M2/L. Suppose the contrary. For example, let γ(m+ p) > γ(m) +Hε for some m ∈ Z. This yields that am+p > am + p+Hε > am + τ + 5Mε. Since an ≤ am for n < m and an ≥ am+p for n > m+ p, we see that for all t ∈ (am, am + 5Mε) we have n(t+ τ)− n(t) = card(A ∩ (t, t+ τ ]) ≤ p− 1. (15) On the other hand, mes((am, am + L) ∩ [Uε ∪ (Uε − τ)]) ≤ 2ε card([am, am + L] ∩ [A ∪ (A− τ)]) ≤ 4Mε < 5Mε. Since the left-hand side of (15) is equal to p for all t ∈ (am, am + L) \ [Uε ∪ (Uε − τ)], we obtain a contradiction. In the same way we prove that the case γ(m+ p) < γ(m)−Hε is impossible as well. Hence (14) is valid for all m ∈ Z. If we continue the function γ as a linear function to each interval (m, m+ 1), we obtain the continuous function f on R such that |f(x+ p)− f(x)| < Hε, ∀x ∈ R. Since the number p with this property exists in the (16M2ε/L)-neighbor- hood of each ε-almost period τ of the set A, we see that f is an almost periodic function. Theorem is proved. A D M D R A F T S. Favorov, Ye. Kolbasina 55 Signed multiple discrete sets. Now we will consider some general- ization of discrete sets, namely signed multiple discrete sets in R p. This means that a number m(x) ∈ Z \ {0} corresponds to each point x from a discrete set. As above, we denote this object by A = {(x,m(x))} and the corresponding discrete set by s(A). Equality (5) define the associate measure µA of A. Also, put A+ = {(x,m(x)), x ∈ s(A), m(x) > 0}, A− = {(x,m(x)), x ∈ s(A), m(x) < 0}. In the case p = 2 the definition coincides with the definition of the divisor of a meromorphic function in the complex plane. Definition 3. A signed multiple discrete set A is almost periodic, if its associate measure µA is almost periodic. Note that each continuous function with a compact support can be approximated by a sequence of functions from C∞ with supports in a fixed ball. Therefore, if a signed measure µ satisfies (3), we can take only functions ϕ ∈ C∞ in definition (2). Next, take a positive function ϕ ∈ C∞ such that ϕ(x) ≡ 1 for |x| ≤ 1 and ϕ(x) ≡ 0 for |x| ≥ 2 in (2). Since almost periodic functions are bounded in R p, we see that every almost periodic in the sense of distributions positive measure satisfies (3). Hence the class of positive multiple discrete sets with almost periodic in the sense of distributions associate measures coincides with the class of positive almost periodic multiple discrete sets. But this assertion does not valid for signed multiple discrete sets. Theorem 5. There is a signed multiple discrete set such that its associate measure is almost periodic in the sense of distributions and not almost periodic in the weak sense. Proof. Let α(n), n ∈ 2Z \ {0}, be the greatest k ∈ N such that 2k is a divisor of n. Put a+n = n+ 1/(α(n) + 1)2, a−n = n− 1/(α(n) + 1)2, n ∈ 2Z \ {0}. Define the signed multiple discrete set A = A+ ∪A−, where A+ = {(a+n , α(n))}n∈2Z\{0}, A− = {(a−n , α(n))}n∈2Z\{0}. The measure µA does not satisfy (3), therefore it is not almost periodic. Let us show that µA is almost periodic in the sense of distributions. A D M D R A F T 56 Perturbations of discrete lattices Take a function ϕ ∈ C∞ such that suppϕ ⊂ (−1/2, 1/2). Suppose that τ = 2pk for some p ∈ N, k ∈ Z. If |x− n| ≥ 3/4 for all n ∈ 2Z, then the same is valid for the point x+ τ , therefore, (ϕ ∗ µA)(x+ τ) = (ϕ ∗ µA)(x) = 0. If |x−n| < 3/4 for n ∈ {2Z : α(n) ≥ p}∪{0}, then either (ϕ∗µA)(x) = 0, or |ϕ ∗ µA(x)| = α(n)|ϕ(a+n + x)− ϕ(a−n + x)| ≤ α(n)M |a+n − a−n | < 2M/p, where M = supR |ϕ′(x)|. Moreover, if this is the case, then also n+ τ ∈ {2Z : α(n) ≥ p} ∪ {0}. Hence the same bound is valid for the value (ϕ ∗ µA)(x+ τ). We obtain |ϕ ∗ µA(x)− ϕ ∗ µA(x+ τ)| < 4M/p. Finally, if |x−n| < 3/4 for n ∈ {2Z : α(n) < p}, then α(n+τ) = α(n). Therefore, we have a±n+τ = a±n + τ , and (ϕ ∗ µA)(x+ τ) = α(n+ τ)[ϕ(x+ τ − a+n+τ )− ϕ(x+ τ − a−n+τ )] = α(n)[ϕ(x− a+n )− ϕ(x− a−n )] = (ϕ ∗ µA)(x). Consequently, all multiplies of 2p are (4M/p)-almost periods of the function (ϕ ∗ µA)(x). Thus µA is almost periodic in the sense of distributions. Theorem is proved. Note that we can check almost periodicity of function (2) only for positive continuous functions ϕ with an arbitrary small diameter of its support. Hence if A is a signed almost periodic multiple discrete set and inf{|x− y| : x ∈ s(A+), y ∈ s(A−)} > 0, then A+ and A− are almost periodic multiple discrete set s as well. But this is false in the general case. Theorem 6. There is a signed almost periodic set A such that A+ and A− are not almost periodic. Proof. Put A+ = {(a+n , 1)}n∈2Z, A− = {(a−n , −1)}n∈2Z, A = A+ ∪A−, where points a±n are the same as in the proof of Theorem 5. A D M D R A F T S. Favorov, Ye. Kolbasina 57 Following the proof of Theorem 5, we can assure that µA is almost periodic in the sense of distributions. Since the measure µA satisfies condition (3), we get that A is a signed almost periodic multiple discrete set. We will use Theorem 3 for proving that A+ is not almost periodic. Clearly, the distance between any two points of A+ has the form 2m+ β, m ∈ N, |β| < 1/4. Hence whenever τ is an ε-almost period of A+, ε < 1/4, we have τ = 2n0 + γ, n0 ∈ Z, |γ| < 1/2. But 0 6∈ A+, hence the distance between the point 2n0 + (α(2n0) + 1)−2 − τ and any point of A+ is more than 1. We obtain a contradiction. Consequently, A+ is not almost periodic. Analogously, A− is not almost periodic as well. Theorem is proved. Clearly, the measure |µA| = 2µA+ − µA is not almost periodic as well. Therefore we obtain Corollary. The positive discrete set {a+n }∪{a−n } does not almost periodic. References [1] C.Corduneanu, Almost Periodic Functions, Interscience Publishers, New-York – London – Sydney – Toronto, a division of John Wiley. [2] A. Dudko, S. Favorov, A uniformly spread measure criterion, Preprint, arXiv:0805.0999. [3] S.Favorov, Sunyer-i-Balaguer’s Almost Elliptic Functions and Yosida’s Normal Functions, J. d’Analyse Math.,Vol.104 (2008), 307-340. [4] S. Favorov, Ye. Kolbasina Almost periodic discrete sets, Journal of Mathematical Physics, Analysis, Geometry. (2010), vol.6, No.1. [5] S.Yu. Favorov, A.Yu. Rashkovskii, A.I. Ronkin, Almost periodic divisors in a strip, J. d’Analyse Math., Vol 74 (1998), 325-345. [6] Ye. Kolbasina, On the property of discrete sets in R k, Visn. Khark. Univ., Ser. Mat. Prykl. Mat. Mekh., 2008, N.826, p.52-66 (Russian). [7] J.C. Lagarias, Mathematical quasicristals and the problem of diffraction, Directions in Mathematical Quasicrustals, M. Baake and R. Moody, eds., CRM Monograph series, Vol. 13, AMS, Providence RI, 2000, 61-93. [8] B.Ja. Levin, Distributions of Zeros of Entire Functions. Transl. of Math. Monograph, Vol.5, AMS Providence, R1, 1980. [9] R.V. Moody, M. Nesterenco, and J. Patera, Computing with almost periodic functions, Preprint, arXiv:0808.1814v1 [math-ph] 13 Aug 2008. [10] L.I. Ronkin, Almost periodic distributions and divisors in tube domains, Zap. Nauchn. Sem. POMI 247 (1997), 210-236 (Russian). [11] H. Tornehave, Systems of zeros of holomorphic almost periodic functions, Koben- havns Universitet Matematisk Institut, Preprint No. 30, 1988, 52 p. A D M D R A F T 58 Perturbations of discrete lattices Contact information S. Favorov Mathematical School, Kharkov National University, Swobody sq.4, Kharkov, 61077 Ukraine E-Mail: Sergey.Ju.Favorov@univer.kharkov.ua URL: www-mechmath.univer.kharkov.ua /funcan/staff/favorov/index.html Ye. Kolbasina Mathematical School, Kharkov National University, Swobody sq.4, Kharkov, 61077 Ukraine E-Mail: kvr_jenya@mail.ru URL: - Received by the editors: 12.02.2010 and in final form ????. Favorov Sergey and Kolbasina Yevgeniia
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spelling Favorov, S.
Kolbasina, Y.
2019-06-15T16:12:52Z
2019-06-15T16:12:52Z
2010
Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets / S. Favorov, Y. Kolbasina // Algebra and Discrete Mathematics. — 2010. — Vol. 9, № 2. — С. 48–58. — Бібліогр.: 11 назв. — англ.
1726-3255
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification:11K70; 52C07, 52C23.
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/154502
A discrete set in the p-dimensional Euclidian space is almost periodic, if the measure with the unite masses at points of the set is almost periodic in the weak sense. We propose to construct positive almost periodic discrete sets as an almost periodic perturbation of a full rank discrete lattice. Also we prove that each almost periodic discrete set on the real axes is an almost periodic perturbation of some arithmetic progression.&#xd; &#xd; Next, we consider signed almost periodic discrete sets, i.e., when the signed measure with masses +1 or -1 at points of a discrete set is almost periodic. We construct a signed discrete set that is not almost periodic, while the corresponding signed measure is almost periodic in the sense of distributions. Also, we construct a signed almost periodic discrete set such that the measure with masses +1 at all points of the set is not almost periodic.
en
Інститут прикладної математики і механіки НАН України
Algebra and Discrete Mathematics
Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
Favorov, S.
Kolbasina, Y.
title Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
title_full Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
title_fullStr Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
title_full_unstemmed Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
title_short Perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
title_sort perturbations of discrete lattices and almost periodic sets
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/154502
work_keys_str_mv AT favorovs perturbationsofdiscretelatticesandalmostperiodicsets
AT kolbasinay perturbationsofdiscretelatticesandalmostperiodicsets