Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave
A novel method of the synthesis of titanium silicide nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave at 700 °C is reported. The reaction of titanium silicide could be described briefly as: 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD pattern indicated that the product was hexagonal Ti₅Si₃. The Ti₅S...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Сверхтвердые материалы |
|---|---|
| Date: | 2017 |
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Інститут надтвердих матеріалів ім. В.М. Бакуля НАН України
2017
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/160107 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Journal Title: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Cite this: | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave / W. Mao, K. Bao, F. Cao, L. Ye, H. Xie, B. Li, W. Wang // Сверхтвердые материалы. — 2017. — № 2. — С. 56-61. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. |
Institution
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860228438226370560 |
|---|---|
| author | Mao, W. Bao, K. Cao, F. Ye, L. Xie, H. Li, B. Wang, W. |
| author_facet | Mao, W. Bao, K. Cao, F. Ye, L. Xie, H. Li, B. Wang, W. |
| citation_txt | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave / W. Mao, K. Bao, F. Cao, L. Ye, H. Xie, B. Li, W. Wang // Сверхтвердые материалы. — 2017. — № 2. — С. 56-61. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| container_title | Сверхтвердые материалы |
| description | A novel method of the synthesis of titanium silicide nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave at 700 °C is reported. The reaction of titanium silicide could be described briefly as: 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD pattern indicated that the product was hexagonal Ti₅Si₃. The Ti₅Si₃ particle size (about 20–40 nm) is confirmed by the TEM images. Furthermore, the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the titanium silicide nanoparticles were also investigated.
Повідомлено про новий метод синтезу наночастинок силіциду титану твердотільним шляхом в автоклаві при температурі 700 °С. Реакція силіциду титану може бути коротко записана як 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD-зображення показало, що продукт є гексагональним Ti₅Si₃. Розмір частинок Ti₅Si₃ (∼ 20–40 нм) підтверджено ПЕМ-зображенням. Також досліджено термостабільність і опір окисленню частинок силіциду титану.
Сообщается о новом методе синтеза наночастиц силицида титана твердотельным путем в автоклаве при температуре 700 °С. Реакция силицида титана может быть кратко записана как 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD-изображение показало, что продукт является гексагональным Ti₅Si₃. Размер частиц Ti₅Si₃ (∼ 20–40 нм) подтвержден ПЭМ-изображением. Также исследованы термостабильность и сопротивление окислению частиц силицида титана.
|
| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:20:59Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
www.ism.kiev.ua/stm 56
UDC 66.091.1:669.295:543.442.3
W. Mao, K. Bao*, F. Cao, L. Ye, H. Xie, B. Li, W. Wang
College of Chemistry and Pharmacy Engineering,
Nanyang Normal University, Henan, P. R. China
**baokeyan@126.com
Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti5Si3
nanoparticles via solid-state route
in an autoclave
A novel method of the synthesis of titanium silicide nanoparticles via
solid-state route in an autoclave at 700 °C is reported. The reaction of titanium silicide
could be described briefly as: 5TiO2 + 3Si + 20Li = Ti5Si3 + 10Li2O. XRD pattern
indicated that the product was hexagonal Ti5Si3. The Ti5Si3 particle size (about 20–
40 nm) is confirmed by the TEM images. Furthermore, the thermal stability and
oxidation resistance of the titanium silicide nanoparticles were also investigated.
Keywords: titanium alloys, nanocrystalline materials, X-ray
diffraction (XRD).
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, alloys systems have attracted widespread attention
from researchers home and abroad, because of their excellent physical and
chemical properties [1–3]. Metal silicides are a broad family of refractory
intermetallic compounds between transition metals and silicon. Titanium silicide
(Ti5Si3) has attracted considerable attention due to its outstanding properties in-
cluding high melting temperature (2122 °C), low density (4.32 g/cm3) and high
hardness, as well as excellent strength at elevated temperature and high oxidation
resistance, which consequently promote Ti5Si3 as a promising material for high-
temperature structural applications [4–7].
Simple and scalable synthesis of Ti5Si3 nanomaterials will be vital for their
technological applications [8, 9]. Generally, titanium-silicon alloy is prepared
through conventional methods, such as combustion synthesis [10, 11], self-
propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) [12], ball-milling method [13],
molten salt rod [14], reaction hot pressing [15], chloride-generated route [16],
mechanical alloying (MA) [17], chemical vapour deposition [18, 19], electro-
pressure sintering [20]. It is difficult now to obtain the Ti5Si3 nanomaterials. So far,
Ti5Si3 nanopaticles have only been prepared in molten salts system at 700 °C [21].
In this work, a solid-state route in an autoclave for preparation of Ti5Si3
nanomaterials at low temperature was reported for the first time, with process
being described by the following equation: 5TiO2 + 3Si + 20Li → Ti5Si3 + 10Li2O.
The approach to synthesize Ti5Si3 nanoparticles in an autoclave is favorable and
could be exploited for practical industrial Ti5Si3 nanomaterials production.
EXPERIMENTAL
Preparation of Ti5Si3 nanomaterials
All the chemical reagents were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co.,
Ltd. and used without further purification. The synthesis was carried out in a stainless
steel autoclave (20 mL), in which 0.8 g of titanium dioxide, 0.168 g of silicon powders
© W. MAO, K. BAO, F. CAO, L. YE, H. XIE, B. LI, W. WANG, 2017
ISSN 0203-3119. Сверхтвердые материалы, 2017, № 2 57
and 1.5 g of Lithium powders were added. The temperature of the stove was raised
from room temperature to 700 °C with a heating ramp rate of 5 °C/min and maintained
at the target temperature for 10 h, and then it was cooled to room temperature naturally.
The precipitates in the autoclave were collected and washed with absolute ethanol,
dilute hydrochloric acid, and distilled water several times to remove the impurity. The
final products were dried in vacuum at 60 °C for 6 h.
Characterization
The XRD measurements were carried out with a Philips X-ray diffractometer.
TEM images, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images,
and the corresponding selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns were
taken on a JEOL-2000 transmission electron microscope with an accelerating
voltage of 200 kV. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) profile was collected with a
Shimadzu-50 thermoanalyzer apparatus under flowing of air.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the sample prepared at 600 °C
is shown in Fig. 1, a. The diffraction peaks (200), (111), (002), (210), (211), (300),
(112), (221), (311), (400), (222), (410), (213), (402) and (322) in the figure are
completely consistent with the standard card of hexagonal Ti5Si3 (JCPDS PDF
No. 29-1362; space group P63/mcm, a = 7.444 Å, c = 5.143 Å.). The EDS
spectrum (see Fig. 1, b) reveals the presence of Ti and Si elements at a Ti/Si atomic
ratio of 1.67:1, indicating the formation of Ti5Si3 (the signals of Cu came from the
copper grid used for the EDS observation). Both XRD pattern and EDS spectrum
confirm that the sample is Ti5Si3.
20 30 40 50 60 70
40
0 31
1
22
1
21
0
00
2 21
3
40
2 22
2
41
0
32
2
30
0
11
2
21
1
10
2
11
1 20
0 In
te
n
si
ty
, a
rb
. u
n
it
s
2θ, deg
a
b
Fig. 1. XRD pattern (a) and EDS spectrum (b) of Ti5Si3 nanoparticles.
www.ism.kiev.ua/stm 58
Representative Ti5Si3 nanocrystals are compiled in Fig. 2. Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) images of the Ti5Si3 nanoparticles reveal that the as-prepared
NPs are homogeneous, with particle size clearly at the nanoscale (see Fig. 2, a).
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed an average particle size
of 20–40 nm (see Fig. 2, b). The corresponding SAED pattern (see Fig. 2, b, inset)
indicates that the sample is polycrystalline, confirming the particle size is relatively
small. The high magnification TEM image recorded three Ti5Si3 nanocrystals about
20 nm of size shown in Fig. 2, c. The average distance between the neighboring
fringes (shown in Fig. 2, d) is about 0.245 nm, corresponding to the (210) plane of
hexagonal Ti5Si3.
a b
c d
Fig. 2. SEM image (a), TEM image and SAED pattern (right corner) (b), higher magnification
TEM image (c), HRTEM image (d) of the as-prepared Ti5Si3 nanoparticles.
The thermal stability of the as-prepared Ti5Si3 nanoparticles was examined by
TGA-DTA under flowing air. The TGA-DTA curves of Ti5Si3 nanoparticles
oxidation tests (air flow) are shown in Figs. 3, a and b. From the TGA curve (see
Fig. 3, a) it is found that the weight of the product does not change significantly
below 300 °C. From 300 °C to 1000 °C, the weight of the powder increases
gradually by about 70 %. As shown in the DTA curve (see Fig. 3, b), there is only
one big exothermic peak, which starts at 500 °C and ends at 570 °C. Combining
the results of the two curves, we can reach the following conclusions: the sample
has basically been not oxidized from the room temperature to 300 °C. From 300 to
1000 °C, the sample suffered gradual oxidation. The oxidation process becomes
intensified as the temperature rises to 540 °C, concluded from the DTA curve (see
Fig. 3, a) and DrTGA curve (Fig. 4).
ISSN 0203-3119. Сверхтвердые материалы, 2017, № 2 59
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
TGA, %
Temperature, °C
–50
–40
–30
–20
–10
0
10
W
ei
gh
t g
ai
n
DTA, uv/mg
Fig. 3. TGA-DTA curves of the Ti5Si3 nanoparticles under flowing air.
0 200 400 600 800 1000
–0.0005
0
0.0005
0.0010
0.0015
0.0020
0.0025
0.0030 DrTGA, mg/min
W
ei
gh
t g
ai
n
Temperature, °C
Fig. 4. DrTGA spectrum of the Ti5Si3 nanoparticles under flowing air.
CONCLUSIONS
It is challenging to synthesize nanostructured refractory silicides, such as Ti5Si3
and other metal-rich silicides (M5Si3). In this work, titanium dioxide, silicon
powders and lithium powders placed in an autoclave at 700 °C results in the
formation of Ti5Si3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 30 nm. The XRD
pattern indicated that the product is hexagonal Ti5Si3. The structure and
morphology of the obtained product were derived from SEM, TEM, EDS, and
DTA-TGA. The approach to synthesize Ti5Si3 nanoparticles in an autoclave could
be exploited for industrial Ti5Si3 nanomaterials production and may provide new
insights into the synthesis of other alloys.
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(No. U1404505), The Program for Innovative Talent in the University of Henan
Province (16HASTIT010) and Henan Province Project Education Fund
(14A150047).
www.ism.kiev.ua/stm 60
Повідомлено про новий метод синтезу наночастинок силіциду титану
твердотільним шляхом в автоклаві при температурі 700 °С. Реакція силіциду титану
може бути коротко записана як 5TiO2 + 3Si + 20Li = Ti5Si3 + 10Li2O. XRD-зображення
показало, що продукт є гексагональним Ti5Si3. Розмір частинок Ti5Si3 (∼ 20–40 нм) під-
тверджено ПЕМ-зображенням. Також досліджено термостабільність і опір окисленню
частинок силіциду титану.
Ключові слова: титановий сплав, нанокристалічний матеріал,
дифракція рентгенівських променів.
Сообщается о новом методе синтеза наночастиц силицида титана
твердотельным путем в автоклаве при температуре 700 °С. Реакция силицида титана
может быть кратко записана как 5TiO2 + 3Si + 20Li = Ti5Si3 + 10Li2O. XRD-
изображение показало, что продукт является гексагональным Ti5Si3. Размер частиц
Ti5Si3 (∼ 20–40 нм) подтвержден ПЭМ-изображением. Также исследованы термоста-
бильность и сопротивление окислению частиц силицида титана.
Ключевые слова: титановый сплав, нанокристаллический материал,
дифракция рентгеновских лучей.
1. Andreiev I. V. Effect of the thermal treatment of the initial tungsten-containing raw material on
the structure and properties of WC–Co type hard alloys with particularly fine-grained struc-
tures // J. Superhard Mater. – 2015. – 37. – P. 417–421.
2. Chen L., Guo H., Fujita T. et al. Nanoporou PdNi bimetallic catalyst with enhanced electro-
catalytic performances for electro-oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions // Adv. Funct.
Mater. – 2011. – 21. – P. 4364–4369.
3. Goncharov A. A., Dub S. N., Agulov A. V., Petukhov V. V. Structure, composition, and me-
chanical properties of thin films of transition metals diborides // J. Superhard Mater. – 2015. –
37. – P. 422–428.
4. Kasraee K., Tayebifard A., Salahi E. Effect of substitution of Si by Al on microstructure and
synthesis behavior of Ti5Si3 based alloys fabricated by mechanically activated self-
propagating high-temperature synthesis // Adv. Powder Technol. – 2015. – 25. – P. 885–890.
5. Liu Y. F., Zhou Y. L., Zhang Q. Microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of plasma trans-
ferred arc clad Ti5Si3 reinforced intermetallic composite coatings // J. Alloys Comp. – 2014. –
591. – P. 251–258.
6. Yeh C. L., Wang H. J., Chen W. H. A comparative study on combustion synthesis of Ti–Si
compounds // J. Alloys Comp. – 2008. – 200. – P. 450–456.
7. Xu J., Liu L., Li Z. et al. Niobium addition enhancing the corrosion resistance of nanocrystal-
line Ti5Si3 coating in H2SO4 solution // Acta Materialia. – 2014. – 63. – P. 245–260.
8. Li C. L., Zhan Y. Z., Mo Y. F., She J. In situ synthesized Ti5Si3/Ti–Mo lightweight structural
composites // Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. – 2013. – 41. – P. 432–436.
9. Scabarozi T. H., Hettinger J. D., Lofland S. E. et al. Epitaxial growth and electrical-transport
properties of Ti7Si2C5 thin films synthesized by reactive sputter-deposition // Scripta Mater. –
2011. – 65. – P. 811–814.
10. Ran H., Niu J., Song B. et al. Microstructure and properties of Ti5Si3-based porous intermet-
allic compounds fabricated via combustion synthesis // J. Alloys Comp. – 2014. – 612. –
P. 337–342.
11. Wang H. Y., Lü S. J., Xiao W. et al. Reaction pathway of combustion synthesis of Ti5Si3 in
Cu–Ti–Si system // J. Am. Ceram. Soc. – 2013. – 96, N 3. – P. 950–956.
12. Yeh C. L., Chen W. H., Hsu C. C. Formation of titanium silicides Ti5Si3 and TiSi2 by self-
propagating combustion synthesis // J. Alloys Comp. – 2007. – 432. – P. 90–95.
13. Liu J., Bai Y., Chen P. et al. Reaction synthesis of TiSi2 and Ti5Si3 by ball-milling and shock
loading and their photocatalytic activities // Ibid. – 2013. – 555. – P. 375–380.
14. Zou X., Lu X., Zhou Z., Xiao W. et al. Electrochemical extraction of Ti5Si3 silicide from
multicomponent Ti/Si-containing metal oxide compounds in molten salt // J. Mater. Chem. A.
– 2014. – 2. – P. 7421–7430.
15. Huang L. J., Wang S., Geng L. et al. Low volume fraction in situ (Ti5Si3 + Ti2C)/Ti hybrid
composites with network microstructure fabricated by reaction hot pressing of Ti–SiC system
// Compos. Sci. Technol. – 2013. – 82. – P. 23–28.
16. Yu L., Lv Y., Zhang X., Wang H. Application of in situ chloride-generated route to Ti5Si3
nanowires from and on Si substrate // Mater. Lett. – 2012. – 74. – P. 46–49.
ISSN 0203-3119. Сверхтвердые материалы, 2017, № 2 61
17. Park J. B., Ham J. S., Shin M. S., Park H. K. Synthesis and electrochemical characterization
of anode material with titanium-silicon alloy solid core/nanoporous silicon shell structures for
lithium rechargeable batteries // J. Power Sources. – 2015. – 299. – P. 537–543.
18. Lin H. K., Tzeng Y. F., Wang C. H. et al. Ti5Si3 nanowire and its field emission property //
Chem. Mater. – 2008. – 20. – P. 2429–2431.
19. Zhang Y., Geng D. S., Liu H., Banis M. N. Designed growth and characterization of radially
aligned Ti5Si3 nanowire architectures // J. Phys. Chem. C. – 2011. – 115. – P. 15885–15889.
20. Park K. L., Hwang S. K. Synthesis of Ti5Si3–Nb–C by electro-pressure sintering // Scripta
Mater. – 2001. – 44. – P. 9–16.
21. Estruga M., Girard S. N., Ding Q. et al. Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti5Si3 nanoparticles
in molten salts for metal-matrix nanocomposites // Chem. Commun. – 2014. – 50. – P. 1454–
1457.
Received 01.12.15
<<
/ASCII85EncodePages false
/AllowTransparency false
/AutoPositionEPSFiles true
/AutoRotatePages /None
/Binding /Left
/CalGrayProfile (Dot Gain 20%)
/CalRGBProfile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1)
/CalCMYKProfile (U.S. Web Coated \050SWOP\051 v2)
/sRGBProfile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1)
/CannotEmbedFontPolicy /Warning
/CompatibilityLevel 1.4
/CompressObjects /Off
/CompressPages true
/ConvertImagesToIndexed true
/PassThroughJPEGImages true
/CreateJobTicket false
/DefaultRenderingIntent /Default
/DetectBlends true
/DetectCurves 0.1000
/ColorConversionStrategy /LeaveColorUnchanged
/DoThumbnails true
/EmbedAllFonts true
/EmbedOpenType false
/ParseICCProfilesInComments true
/EmbedJobOptions true
/DSCReportingLevel 0
/EmitDSCWarnings false
/EndPage -1
/ImageMemory 1048576
/LockDistillerParams true
/MaxSubsetPct 100
/Optimize false
/OPM 1
/ParseDSCComments true
/ParseDSCCommentsForDocInfo true
/PreserveCopyPage true
/PreserveDICMYKValues true
/PreserveEPSInfo true
/PreserveFlatness true
/PreserveHalftoneInfo false
/PreserveOPIComments false
/PreserveOverprintSettings true
/StartPage 1
/SubsetFonts true
/TransferFunctionInfo /Remove
/UCRandBGInfo /Preserve
/UsePrologue false
/ColorSettingsFile ()
/AlwaysEmbed [ true
]
/NeverEmbed [ true
]
/AntiAliasColorImages false
/CropColorImages true
/ColorImageMinResolution 300
/ColorImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK
/DownsampleColorImages false
/ColorImageDownsampleType /Bicubic
/ColorImageResolution 300
/ColorImageDepth 8
/ColorImageMinDownsampleDepth 1
/ColorImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000
/EncodeColorImages true
/ColorImageFilter /FlateEncode
/AutoFilterColorImages false
/ColorImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG
/ColorACSImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.15
/HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1]
>>
/ColorImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.15
/HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1]
>>
/JPEG2000ColorACSImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/JPEG2000ColorImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/AntiAliasGrayImages false
/CropGrayImages true
/GrayImageMinResolution 300
/GrayImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK
/DownsampleGrayImages false
/GrayImageDownsampleType /Bicubic
/GrayImageResolution 300
/GrayImageDepth 8
/GrayImageMinDownsampleDepth 2
/GrayImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000
/EncodeGrayImages true
/GrayImageFilter /FlateEncode
/AutoFilterGrayImages false
/GrayImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG
/GrayACSImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.15
/HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1]
>>
/GrayImageDict <<
/QFactor 0.15
/HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1]
>>
/JPEG2000GrayACSImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/JPEG2000GrayImageDict <<
/TileWidth 256
/TileHeight 256
/Quality 30
>>
/AntiAliasMonoImages false
/CropMonoImages true
/MonoImageMinResolution 1200
/MonoImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK
/DownsampleMonoImages false
/MonoImageDownsampleType /Bicubic
/MonoImageResolution 1200
/MonoImageDepth -1
/MonoImageDownsampleThreshold 1.50000
/EncodeMonoImages true
/MonoImageFilter /CCITTFaxEncode
/MonoImageDict <<
/K -1
>>
/AllowPSXObjects false
/CheckCompliance [
/None
]
/PDFX1aCheck false
/PDFX3Check false
/PDFXCompliantPDFOnly false
/PDFXNoTrimBoxError true
/PDFXTrimBoxToMediaBoxOffset [
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
]
/PDFXSetBleedBoxToMediaBox true
/PDFXBleedBoxToTrimBoxOffset [
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
]
/PDFXOutputIntentProfile (None)
/PDFXOutputConditionIdentifier ()
/PDFXOutputCondition ()
/PDFXRegistryName ()
/PDFXTrapped /False
/CreateJDFFile false
/Description <<
/CHS <FEFF4f7f75288fd94e9b8bbe5b9a521b5efa7684002000500044004600206587686353ef901a8fc7684c976262535370673a548c002000700072006f006f00660065007200208fdb884c9ad88d2891cf62535370300260a853ef4ee54f7f75280020004100630072006f0062006100740020548c002000410064006f00620065002000520065006100640065007200200035002e003000204ee553ca66f49ad87248672c676562535f00521b5efa768400200050004400460020658768633002>
/CHT <FEFF4f7f752890194e9b8a2d7f6e5efa7acb7684002000410064006f006200650020005000440046002065874ef653ef5728684c9762537088686a5f548c002000700072006f006f00660065007200204e0a73725f979ad854c18cea7684521753706548679c300260a853ef4ee54f7f75280020004100630072006f0062006100740020548c002000410064006f00620065002000520065006100640065007200200035002e003000204ee553ca66f49ad87248672c4f86958b555f5df25efa7acb76840020005000440046002065874ef63002>
/DAN <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>
/DEU <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>
/ESP <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>
/FRA <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>
/ITA <FEFF005500740069006c0069007a007a006100720065002000710075006500730074006500200069006d0070006f007300740061007a0069006f006e00690020007000650072002000630072006500610072006500200064006f00630075006d0065006e00740069002000410064006f006200650020005000440046002000700065007200200075006e00610020007300740061006d007000610020006400690020007100750061006c0069007400e00020007300750020007300740061006d00700061006e0074006900200065002000700072006f006f0066006500720020006400650073006b0074006f0070002e0020004900200064006f00630075006d0065006e007400690020005000440046002000630072006500610074006900200070006f00730073006f006e006f0020006500730073006500720065002000610070006500720074006900200063006f006e0020004100630072006f00620061007400200065002000410064006f00620065002000520065006100640065007200200035002e003000200065002000760065007200730069006f006e006900200073007500630063006500730073006900760065002e>
/JPN <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>
/KOR <FEFFc7740020c124c815c7440020c0acc6a9d558c5ec0020b370c2a4d06cd0d10020d504b9b0d1300020bc0f0020ad50c815ae30c5d0c11c0020ace0d488c9c8b85c0020c778c1c4d560002000410064006f0062006500200050004400460020bb38c11cb97c0020c791c131d569b2c8b2e4002e0020c774b807ac8c0020c791c131b41c00200050004400460020bb38c11cb2940020004100630072006f0062006100740020bc0f002000410064006f00620065002000520065006100640065007200200035002e00300020c774c0c1c5d0c11c0020c5f40020c2180020c788c2b5b2c8b2e4002e>
/NLD (Gebruik deze instellingen om Adobe PDF-documenten te maken voor kwaliteitsafdrukken op desktopprinters en proofers. De gemaakte PDF-documenten kunnen worden geopend met Acrobat en Adobe Reader 5.0 en hoger.)
/NOR <FEFF004200720075006b00200064006900730073006500200069006e006e007300740069006c006c0069006e00670065006e0065002000740069006c002000e50020006f0070007000720065007400740065002000410064006f006200650020005000440046002d0064006f006b0075006d0065006e00740065007200200066006f00720020007500740073006b00720069006600740020006100760020006800f800790020006b00760061006c00690074006500740020007000e500200062006f007200640073006b0072006900760065007200200065006c006c00650072002000700072006f006f006600650072002e0020005000440046002d0064006f006b0075006d0065006e00740065006e00650020006b0061006e002000e50070006e00650073002000690020004100630072006f00620061007400200065006c006c00650072002000410064006f00620065002000520065006100640065007200200035002e003000200065006c006c00650072002000730065006e006500720065002e>
/PTB <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>
/SUO <FEFF004b00e40079007400e40020006e00e40069007400e4002000610073006500740075006b007300690061002c0020006b0075006e0020006c0075006f0074002000410064006f0062006500200050004400460020002d0064006f006b0075006d0065006e007400740065006a00610020006c0061006100640075006b006100730074006100200074007900f6007000f60079007400e400740075006c006f0073007400750073007400610020006a00610020007600650064006f007300740075007300740061002000760061007200740065006e002e00200020004c0075006f0064007500740020005000440046002d0064006f006b0075006d0065006e00740069007400200076006f0069006400610061006e0020006100760061007400610020004100630072006f0062006100740069006c006c00610020006a0061002000410064006f00620065002000520065006100640065007200200035002e0030003a006c006c00610020006a006100200075007500640065006d006d0069006c006c0061002e>
/SVE <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>
/ENU (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents for quality printing on desktop printers and proofers. Created PDF documents can be opened with Acrobat and Adobe Reader 5.0 and later.)
/RUS ()
>>
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(Common)
(1.0)
]
/OtherNamespaces [
<<
/AsReaderSpreads false
/CropImagesToFrames true
/ErrorControl /WarnAndContinue
/FlattenerIgnoreSpreadOverrides false
/IncludeGuidesGrids false
/IncludeNonPrinting false
/IncludeSlug false
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(InDesign)
(4.0)
]
/OmitPlacedBitmaps false
/OmitPlacedEPS false
/OmitPlacedPDF false
/SimulateOverprint /Legacy
>>
<<
/AddBleedMarks false
/AddColorBars false
/AddCropMarks false
/AddPageInfo false
/AddRegMarks false
/ConvertColors /NoConversion
/DestinationProfileName ()
/DestinationProfileSelector /NA
/Downsample16BitImages true
/FlattenerPreset <<
/PresetSelector /MediumResolution
>>
/FormElements false
/GenerateStructure true
/IncludeBookmarks false
/IncludeHyperlinks false
/IncludeInteractive false
/IncludeLayers false
/IncludeProfiles true
/MultimediaHandling /UseObjectSettings
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(CreativeSuite)
(2.0)
]
/PDFXOutputIntentProfileSelector /NA
/PreserveEditing true
/UntaggedCMYKHandling /LeaveUntagged
/UntaggedRGBHandling /LeaveUntagged
/UseDocumentBleed false
>>
]
>> setdistillerparams
<<
/HWResolution [2400 2400]
/PageSize [612.000 792.000]
>> setpagedevice
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-160107 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 0203-3119 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:20:59Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Інститут надтвердих матеріалів ім. В.М. Бакуля НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Mao, W. Bao, K. Cao, F. Ye, L. Xie, H. Li, B. Wang, W. 2019-10-22T20:01:38Z 2019-10-22T20:01:38Z 2017 Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave / W. Mao, K. Bao, F. Cao, L. Ye, H. Xie, B. Li, W. Wang // Сверхтвердые материалы. — 2017. — № 2. — С. 56-61. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ. 0203-3119 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/160107 66.091.1:669.295:543.442.3 A novel method of the synthesis of titanium silicide nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave at 700 °C is reported. The reaction of titanium silicide could be described briefly as: 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD pattern indicated that the product was hexagonal Ti₅Si₃. The Ti₅Si₃ particle size (about 20–40 nm) is confirmed by the TEM images. Furthermore, the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the titanium silicide nanoparticles were also investigated. Повідомлено про новий метод синтезу наночастинок силіциду титану твердотільним шляхом в автоклаві при температурі 700 °С. Реакція силіциду титану може бути коротко записана як 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD-зображення показало, що продукт є гексагональним Ti₅Si₃. Розмір частинок Ti₅Si₃ (∼ 20–40 нм) підтверджено ПЕМ-зображенням. Також досліджено термостабільність і опір окисленню частинок силіциду титану. Сообщается о новом методе синтеза наночастиц силицида титана твердотельным путем в автоклаве при температуре 700 °С. Реакция силицида титана может быть кратко записана как 5TiO₂ + 3Si + 20Li = Ti₅Si₃ + 10Li₂O. XRD-изображение показало, что продукт является гексагональным Ti₅Si₃. Размер частиц Ti₅Si₃ (∼ 20–40 нм) подтвержден ПЭМ-изображением. Также исследованы термостабильность и сопротивление окислению частиц силицида титана. This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1404505), The Program for Innovative Talent in the University of Henan Province (16HASTIT010) and Henan Province Project Education Fund (14A150047). en Інститут надтвердих матеріалів ім. В.М. Бакуля НАН України Сверхтвердые материалы Получение, структура, свойства Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave Mao, W. Bao, K. Cao, F. Ye, L. Xie, H. Li, B. Wang, W. Получение, структура, свойства |
| title | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave |
| title_full | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave |
| title_fullStr | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave |
| title_full_unstemmed | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave |
| title_short | Facile and scalable synthesis of Ti₅Si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave |
| title_sort | facile and scalable synthesis of ti₅si₃ nanoparticles via solid-state route in an autoclave |
| topic | Получение, структура, свойства |
| topic_facet | Получение, структура, свойства |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/160107 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maow facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave AT baok facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave AT caof facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave AT yel facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave AT xieh facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave AT lib facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave AT wangw facileandscalablesynthesisofti5si3nanoparticlesviasolidstaterouteinanautoclave |