Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
Introduction. Modern, equipped with cutting-edge technologies universities are a perfect environment for creating the
 primary atmosphere of innovative business climate.
 Problem Statement. The implementation of modern, profitable innovation projects (startups or spinoffs) in the for...
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| Cite this: | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects / I.E. Novikova, V.L. Osetskiy, K.A. Alekseieva // Наука та інновації. — 2018. — Т. 14, № 5. — С. 77-89. — Бібліогр.: 29 назв. — англ. |
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| author | Novikova, I.E. Osetskiy, V.L. Alekseieva, K.A. |
| author_facet | Novikova, I.E. Osetskiy, V.L. Alekseieva, K.A. |
| citation_txt | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects / I.E. Novikova, V.L. Osetskiy, K.A. Alekseieva // Наука та інновації. — 2018. — Т. 14, № 5. — С. 77-89. — Бібліогр.: 29 назв. — англ. |
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| description | Introduction. Modern, equipped with cutting-edge technologies universities are a perfect environment for creating the
primary atmosphere of innovative business climate.
Problem Statement. The implementation of modern, profitable innovation projects (startups or spinoffs) in the form of
small innovative enterprises is a new way of successful commercialization of promising ideas. Universities are perfect site
for launching the first startup ideas.
Purpose. To study the trends of academic business development in the context of increasing importance of innovation
activities, in particular, the role of startups and spinoffs in the activities of foreign and Ukrainian universities.
Materials and Methods. There has been used the comparison of world universities ratings. The SWOT-analysis of the
prospects of startup and spinoff projects has been carried out based on the universities of Ukraine. Analysis of dependence
of the proceeds from innovative achievements on the costs of R&D works has been made.
Results. A comparative overview of the trends in the development of academic business abroad and in Ukraine has been
made. The national and European legislation in the sphere of formation of R&D products has been analyzed. The factors that
sufficiently hamper the development of innovative process in Ukraine have been identified. Recommendations concerning
popularizing the innovative and investment activities and establishing fruitful international cooperation have been given.
Conclusions. The obtained results enable formulating the principles for the formation of a new methodological paradigm
for intellectual assets management in universities taking into account the peculiarities of the development of national
science, economy, entrepreneurship, and high-tech market.
Вступ. Сучасні, технологічно-оснащені підприємницькі університети є ідеальним середовищем для формування первинної атмосфери інноваційного бізнес-клімату.
Проблематика. Реалізація сучасних прибуткових інноваційних проектів (старт-апів чи спін-офів) у формі малих інноваційних підприємств є сучасною формою успішної комерціалізації економічно-перспективної ідеї. Досконалим осередком для впровадження першого стартап-замислу є університет.
Мета. Розгляд тенденцій розвитку академічного бізнесу у контексті посилення значимості інноваційної діяльності, зокрема визначення ролі старт-апів та спін-офів у діяльності зарубіжних та українських університетів.
Матеріали й методи. Використано порівняння рейтингів університетів світу. Застосовано SWOT-аналіз перспективи діяльності старт-ап чи спін-офф проектів на базі університетів в Україні. Проведено аналіз залежності між
масштабом витрат на науково-дослідну діяльність та рівнем отриманих результатів інноваційних досягнень.
Результати. Здійснено порівняльний огляд тенденцій розвитку академічного бізнесу закордоном та в Україні.
Проаналізовано вітчизняне та європейське законодавство у сфері формування ринку наукової та науково-технічної
продукції. Визначено чинники, які суттєво гальмують процес розвитку інноваційної діяльності в Україні. Наведено
рекомендації щодо популяризації інноваціно-інвестиційної діяльності та налагодження продуктивної міжнародної
співпраці.
Висновки. Одержані результати дозволять сформулювати принципи для формування нової методичної парадигми управління інтелектуальними активами в університетах з урахуванням особливостей розвитку вітчизняної науки, економіки, підприємництва, ринку високих технологій.
Введение. Современные, технологически оснащенные предпринимательские университеты являются идеальной средой для формирования первичной атмосферы инновационного бизнес-климата.
Проблематика. Реализация современных прибыльных инновационных проектов (старт-апов или спин-оффов)
в форме малых инновационных предприятий является современной формой успешной коммерциализации экономически перспективной идеи. Превосходным центром для внедрения первого стартап-замысла является университет.
Цель. Рассмотрение тенденций развития академического бизнеса в контексте усиления значимости инновационной деятельности, в том числе определение роли старт-апов и спин-оффов в деятельности зарубежных и украинских университетов.
Материалы и методы. Использовано сравнение рейтингов университетов мира. Применен SWOT-анализ перспективы деятельности старт-ап или спин-офф проектов на базе университетов в Украине. Проведен анализ зависимости между масштабом расходов на научно-исследовательскую деятельность и уровнем полученных результатов
инновационных достижений. Результаты. Осуществлен сравнительный обзор тенденций развития академического бизнеса за рубежом и в
Украине. Проанализировано отечественное и европейское законодательство в сфере формирования рынка научной и
научно-технической продукции. Определены факторы, которые существенно тормозят процесс развития инновационной деятельности в Украине. Приведены рекомендации по популяризации инновационно-инвестиционной
деятельности и налаживания продуктивного международного сотрудничества. Выводы. Полученные результаты позволят сформулировать принципы для формирования новой методической парадигмы управления интеллектуальными активами в университетах с учетом особенностей развития отечественной науки, экономики, предпринимательства, рынка высоких технологий.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:19:11Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
77
Novikova, I.E.1, Osetskiy, V.L.1, and Alekseieva, K.A. 2
1 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
64, Volodymyrska St., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine,
+380 44 239 3230, ie_novikova@meta.ua
2 National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine,
11, Heroiv Oborony St., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine,
+380 44 527 8081, katerinaalex@ukr.net
STARTUPS AND SPINOFFS AS FACTORS OF THE ACADEMIC
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT: THE FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
AND THE UKRAINIAN PROSPECTS
© NOVIKOVA, I.E., OSETSKIY, V.L., and ALEKSEIEVA, K.A.,
2018
Introduction. Modern, equipped with cutting-edge technologies universities are a perfect environment for creating the
primary atmosphere of innovative business climate.
Problem Statement. The implementation of modern, profitable innovation projects (startups or spinoffs) in the form of
small innovative enterprises is a new way of successful commercialization of promising ideas. Universities are perfect site
for launching the first startup ideas.
Purpose. To study the trends of academic business development in the context of increasing importance of innovation
activities, in particular, the role of startups and spinoffs in the activities of foreign and Ukrainian universities.
Materials and Methods. There has been used the comparison of world universities ratings. The SWOT-analysis of the
prospects of startup and spinoff projects has been carried out based on the universities of Ukraine. Analysis of dependence
of the proceeds from innovative achievements on the costs of R&D works has been made.
Results. A comparative overview of the trends in the development of academic business abroad and in Ukraine has been
made. The national and European legislation in the sphere of formation of R&D products has been analyzed. The factors that
sufficiently hamper the development of innovative process in Ukraine have been identified. Recommendations concerning
popularizing the innovative and investment activities and establishing fruitful international cooperation have been given.
Conclusions. The obtained results enable formulating the principles for the formation of a new methodological paradigm
for intellectual assets management in universities taking into account the peculiarities of the development of national
science, economy, entrepreneurship, and high-tech market.
K e y w o r d s : innovative business, commercialization of innovations, intellectual assets, intellectual property, startup,
spinoff, Universities, and academic capitalism.
ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14(5): 77—89 https://doi.org/10.15407/scin14.05.077
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the development of economic struc-
tures is frequently accompanied with turbulent
transformation processes at micro- and macro le-
vels, in particular, social and economic shocks
and geopolitical challenges. That is why the at-
tention of researchers and managers has been at-
tracted to creating effective directions of eco-
nomic growth. In this connection, the necessity
of essential increase in the innovative component
among the factors of economic evolution has be-
come crucial. However, in Ukraine, the real con-
ditions and trends are hidden under the lack of
correspondence between the science and innova-
tion genesis and the world practice. For example,
the national hi-tech market has only started its
formation and consequently can be characterized
as the one with a low quantity of innovation pro-
jects and companies. In this context, the key role
78 ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Novikova, I.E., Osetskiy, V.L., and Alekseieva, K.A.
in the national economy development should be
given to small business, i.e. startups that are able
to show positive dynamics through some new
markets occupation with the help of new pro-
ducts, technologies, and business models inven-
tion. In its turn, this will create the opportunities
for diversification of the economy technological
basis. A perfect environment for forming the ini-
tial atmosphere for innovative business climate
should be universities equipped with state-of-the-
art technologies. The priority assignment is to
create a productive system of cooperation be-
tween the science and the entrepreneurs through
intensifying the process of implementation of the
most commercially attractive ideas into the civil
circulation as well as the simultaneous prepara-
tion of highly qualified staff for this aim.
The aim of this research is in the considering
the trends of development of academic business
in the context of the strengthening the impor-
tance of innovative activities in particular defi-
ning of the role of start-ups and spin-offs in the
foreign and Ukrainian Universities activities.
THE ANALYSIS OF SCHOLARLY RESEARCH
STUDIES AND PUBLICATIONS
The problems connected with the development
of innovative business at universities have been
more or less studied in the works of both foreign
(H. Etzkowitz [1], B. Clark [2], B. Serbinovski
[3], J. Röpke [4], F. Yansen [5] etc.) and Ukraini-
an researchers (O. Zhylinska [6], О. Ro manovskyi
[7], I. Tatomyr [8] etc.). However, despite the exis-
ting trend of raising quantity of scholarly research
works on the mentioned problem discussions,
still go on both in Ukraine and abroad.
THE MAIN RESULTS OF RESEARCH
Nowadays, the entrepreneurial activity is con-
sidered to be the main force of the efficient eco-
nomy. To provide the evolution and prosperity in
the current conditions of modern highly compe-
titive economic climate, the entrepreneurs try
to be armed with innovative vehicles and expe-
rience. In this connection, it has become a priori-
ty in many countries to stimulate people to be
involved in creativity, innovations, and entrepre-
neurship. The ways of effective combination of
science, education, business, and government has
also become very relevant, in particular, in the
context of the necessity to implement modern
profitable innovative projects in the forms of
small innovative enterprises.
Today, many Ukrainian businessmen and go-
vernors have heard the words “startup” or “spinoff”,
but for the majority of them they are just new
words despite the fact that there are Wikipedia,
Instagram or YouTube among the most popular
startups. We also deal with various technological
applications and reconstructions of artworks in
everyday life. Because of the fact that all these
projects have appeared to be very profitable, the
place of startups in modern economy has become
very important. For example, the markets of Eu-
rope, Asia, and America are getting more and
more engaged in technological parks, scientific
parks and innovative and investment funds (ven-
tures and business incubators). All these struc-
tures promote risky projects to the market in or-
der to reach the aim of capitalization of their
income.
In Ukraine, new trends at the political, scien-
tific, and business levels, have been vividly de-
scribed in some preliminary studies. However,
the work has just started and is very complicated
in its institutional and legislative aspects. Fre-
quently, this is caused by the lack of juridical def-
initions of these innovation notions in the Ukrai-
nian legislation [9].
In the business environment, the term “startup”
or “startup company” is understood as a pro mi -
sing profitable company or a project with a short
story of its activity. As a rule, the startups are abso-
lutely new projects, very often, at the sta ge of their
elaboration. The most successful startups are IT-
projects and internet-projects. However, such
projects can take place in other pro mising branch-
es — medical, chemical, etc. Some technologies of
fuel combustion intensification or pure water of-
fers can be considered startups, as well.
79ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
It is necessary to admit that the startups can
be temporary structures existing only at the
time of searching for some business model. The
existence of startups is always connected with
uncertainty and risks. That is why the startups
can be compared to trailblazers or explorers of
new unknown territories. High risks of failure
can be partly compensated by expected profits
for entrepreneurs. Their strategy often called
“the explorer strategy” by the strategic manage-
ment experts is a radical transformation of the
current market conditions for the implementa-
tion of innovative projects and their commer-
cialization. The countries with developed condi-
tions for existence and development of startups
outrun the countries where the conditions are
not created. As for the social development, it
cannot be forgotten that small business is the
activity where the person can utilize his/her po-
tential. Small business can be easily considered
the main factor that underlies the middle class
formation and the main condition for social
prosperity of the country.
The countries that have succeeded in the crea-
tion of conditions for the small business develop-
ment, in particular, the startups, can be consi-
dered as those that have worked out mechanisms
for the economic and social development.
Among the options for successful implementa-
tion of economically promising ideas there are
spinoffs, i.e. the goods produced as byproduct/
accompanying goods to the main products. They
can be actively promoted to the market together
with the products that have been well-known to
the customers. Such measures can enable getting
even more commercial profits (for ex., auto che-
mistry at machinery manufacture).
The most famous spinoffs in the modern busi-
ness are literature and cinematograph works,
computer games and comics with the main cha-
racters that used to appear in other works and
have become very popular among the audience.
For example, The Scorpion King, a spin of The Mum-
my Returns and series of The X-Men (Wolverine
and the X-Men, Wolverine 2. Immortal, and Wol-
verine 3: Logan), etc. The most famous spinoffs
are technological works of NASA that used to be
applied for the needs of space industry, including
a new system of water filtering, digital sensor
ima ging and water cleaning.
In the modern world, a perfect site for imple-
menting the startup ideas is university. At the
classical higher education establishment, there
are all needed conditions, the structural depart-
ments, i.e. the centers for technology transfer,
which can help to overcome all institutional bar-
riers on the way to the international markets. In
addition, ambitious young innovators have an
exclusive opportunity to obtain substantial assis-
tance from alma-mater: advise, training, resources,
legislative support, etc. The modern universities
accumulate knowledge, scientific achievements,
up-to-date equipment, and funds, which can sup-
port financially the prospecting innovation pro-
ducts and technologies creation. Popularization
and widening of innovation business, especially
among students, is very important given the fact
that the youth is the most sustainable to possible
failures and the majority of the young audience is
not overloaded with routine problems because
they have got not married or given birth to child-
ren and have no financial obligations. That is why
according to the Global Entrepreneurship Moni-
tor Report, the young businessmen are the main
group, with 165 million being between 18 and
25 years old [11].
The intellectual property is an instrument that
enables to successfully transfer technologies to
the outside world for their further use by inte-
rested companies and customers. The opportunity
of getting the property rights, the right to use and
to dispose of the intellectual assets, stimulates
the talented people, i.e. the creators of commer-
cially attractive ideas, to shift to new sphere, in
particular, to the sphere of innovative business.
The innovative business development now is a
global trend. The commercially advanced Euro-
pean and American universities are investing
large money to provide an increase in the innova-
tive business in long-term prospects.
80 ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Novikova, I.E., Osetskiy, V.L., and Alekseieva, K.A.
For instance, only the Oxford University in-
vested 1 billion dollars into innovative startups,
in 2017 [12]. This University has become a Euro-
pean leader and the founder of the biggest world
companies such as LinkedIn, Funding Circle,
and Eventbrite. However, the top places of the
world ratings belong to the American Universi-
ties (Fig. 1, [13]) with more than 50 powerful
innovative companies and Harvard (37 com-
panies).
In this regard, at the beginning of 2017, ac-
cording to recommendations of the European
Com mission, thanks to its support, a new promi-
sing project, Startup Europe Universities Network
(SEUN), was launched in Euro zone [14]. The
project aims at creating associations among uni-
versities and business/scholarly research struc-
tures for the development of innovative entrep-
reneurship due to the active mutual work on
in formation sharing and practical support of pro-
mising projects. Also, the SEUN’s work is to raise
information about the technical entrepreneur-
ship, to deeper understand trends, to share new
ideas, initiatives on reforms, and advanced expe-
rience, and to create the synergetic opportunities
of cooperation.
Nowadays, the business innovations have be-
come widely spread not only in the European
countries and the USA, but also in the Africa and
Asia countries, especially, in the economies sho-
wing a vivid economic growth at the beginning of
the 21st century. By the way, the innovative cul-
ture is being successfully implemented both at
the public higher educational establishments and
at the private ones. One of these countries is Ma-
laysia where the economic growth has proved to
be among the highest ones in Asia within last se-
veral centuries. In this country, science is regu-
lated by the Ministry of Science, Technologies,
and Innovations in order to successfully combine
the efforts of researchers, teachers, and entrepre-
neurs. In 1997, in Malaysia, University Tun Abdul
Ra zak (UNIRAZAK), a private university, was
established. This University was among the pio-
neers, with activities considered to be imperative
for the future development of not only Malaysia,
but of the whole Asian region. This University is
positioned now as advanced establishment both
Fig. 1. Top 15 world universities with incorporated startups having a value over USD 1 billion
Source: [13].
10 20 30 40 50 60
51
37
18
12
8
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
7
9
0
Stanford University
Harvard University
Tel Aviv University
Cornell University
University of Pennsylvania
University of Oxford
University of Waterloo
INSEAD
WHU
University of Michigan
Brigham Young University
University of Southern California
University of California
Indian Institute of Technology
Massachusets Institute of Technology
9
81ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
in the sphere of educational services and in the
field of human knowledge capitalization [15].
Recently, it has become a center of advanced
experience implementation within the framework
of intensifying and raising the human capital va-
lue. In this regard, the University permanently
works on improving the quality of teaching and
scholarly research. The main aim of the Univer-
sity is supporting the implementation of innova-
tive achievements into the managerial and entre-
preneurial economic activities. The University
also does its best in the development of new crea-
tive knowledge including the managerial and
entrepreneurial ones, in particular, due to start-
ups. They actively stimulate cooperation on the
mutual innovative and technological projects
based on alliances with strategic partners. The
productive innovative transformations in Malay-
sia have resulted in a tangible growth in the ex-
ports of hi-tech goods (for comparison: USD 10 bil-
lion, in 1992 (26 years ago) versus USD 57 billion,
in 2015. As for China, it has shown even more
substantial development and overdone the USA,
with its high-tech exports growing from USD 4 bil-
lion, in 1992, to USD 216 billion, in 2005. Since
that period, China has not only been a leader in
the world hi-tech exports, but also has become
the world center insofar as its hi-tech exports are
three times higher than that of the second ranked
Germany (Table 1).
Estimating the innovative effectiveness based
on the innovation costs we obtain the Global In-
novation Index showing that the first place be-
longs to Switzerland, in 2016. Ukraine is only the
56th, but as compared with 2013 when it took the
71st place it has upward dynamics [16].
The task of forming the innovative-type eco-
nomy with the help of existing intellectual and
R&D capital is becoming more and more crucial
for Ukraine. On January 1, 2015, new law On
Table 1
The Comparative Analysis of Dependence of R&D Costs and the Proceeds
from Innovative Achievements of Some World Countries and Ukraine
Countries
Innovation Index
(0—100) /place
in rating *
Costs for R&D, %
GDP / place
in rating **
Hi-tech exports,
USD million/ place
in rating ***
Share of business offering
innovative goods, % / place
in rating *
Switzerland 67.7/1 — 55 906.71/11 24.93/33
Sweden 63.8/2 3.26/4 16 555.75/23 29.5/18
USA 61.4/4 2.79/9 155 640.59/3 35.93/9
Singapore 58.7/7 2.20/13 (2014) 137 369.12/4 20.47/49 (2014)
Finland 58.5/8 2.9/7 3 961.74/28 29.4/22 (2016)
Germany 58.4/9 2.88/8 199 718.16/2 23.74/35
South Korea 57.7/11 4.23/2 133 447.40/5 26.35/26
Luxembourg 56.4/12 1.29/23 642.36/57 57.13/1
Japan 54.7/14 3.28/3 100 954.83/7 24.68/34
Israel 53.9/17 4.27/1 10 241.48/27 26.7/24
China 52.5/22 2.07/14 558 605.99/1 25.51/29
Malaysia 42.7/37 1.3/22 63 376.04/10 29.33/15
Poland 40.2/38 1/29 14 487.25/25 12.08/51
Russian Federation 38.8/45 1.13/27 9 842.67/28 5.4/64 (2016)
Ukraine 37.6/50 0.62/42 1 922.00/41 —
Lebanon 30.6/81 — 38.15/85 46.91/4
* Data of 2017, ** Data of 2015, *** Data of 2014.
Source: composed based on [11], [16], and [17].
82 ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Novikova, I.E., Osetskiy, V.L., and Alekseieva, K.A.
Education came into force. Pursuant to this law,
the universities are granted with new rights and
opportunities. The adoption of this law was a big
step for Ukraine on its way to the implementa-
tion of European standards and principles of pub-
lic administration. The law contains many provi-
sions that have been implemented and tested
worldwide, in particular, in the European educa-
tional legislative practice [18].
However, the question that is difficult to an-
swer is whether the Ukrainian universities are
able to be in the innovative business. This ques-
tion has been studied using SWOT analysis (Fig. 2)
based on practical experience of the main univer-
sity of Ukraine that is Taras Shevchenko Natio-
nal University of Kyiv. According to the Statute
and the current legislation, it is a public estab-
lishment and it has got a wide range of rights and
obligations. All this has been stated in the Law of
Ukraine On Education and in the respective or-
ders of the Ministry of Education and Science of
Ukraine [18, 19]. Hence, within the prescribed
juridical and financial independence, the Univer-
sity has got a separate balance, separate assets
and the right to carry out other activities, in ad-
dition to the educational and R&D ones, which
do not contradict the Law. In addition to the sta-
tus of a pioneer classical higher establishment,
the University has obtained additional rights of a
separate institution. Its management has got the
right of making decisions by themselves through
the internal orders, including those concerning
the financial and economic issues. They will di-
rectly influence the wealth of University’s re-
searchers [18, 20]. By the way, the University has
been entitled to the following:
to form the structural departments of various
types on its basis (science and technological
parks, business incubators, small en terprises etc.)
combining the interests of hi-tech companies,
science, education, busi ness, and the go vernment
in order to implement the innovative projects;
Fig. 2. SWOT-analysis of prospects of university-basedstartups and spinoffs
Source: [8].
Weakness
ratherunstable structure in the case of different fluc-
tuations of market conditions and a high corruption;
lack of professional managers experienced in com-
mercialization of innovations, risk assessment, const -
ruc tionof different marketing strategies and busi ness-
planning;
production of innovative goods is a costly business;
problems of production diversification;
highly risky activities
Threats
lack of required quantity ofinnovative projects;
problems in the legislative protection of intellectual
property;
corruption, absence of the intellectual property right;
institutional barriers inthe sphere of project finan-
cing; limited access to credit resources;
problems in estimating and forecasting demand for
innovative products;
political, social, and economic instability
Strengths
stimulation of the practical implementation of theo-
retical knowledge;
support of material and technical resources accu mu-
lation;
operative managerial decisions, flexibility of control
apparatus;
close cooperation among the customers and the alma-
mater staff;
independence in the activities, which stimulates the
creative potential
Opportunities
multivectoruniversities support: consultative, resour-
ce, legislative brand etc.;
easier market entrance;
tax privileges;
easier and faster reaction to changes;
highly qualified staff involvement;
involvement of the students through studying new
ideas, entrepreneurial skills and their talent develop ment;
creation of new academic culture;
super profit-making
83ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
to carry out the financial and economic activi-
ties according to the Statute of the University:
to manage the cash flows, in particular, the pro-
ceeds from provision of paid services;
to open current and deposit accounts.
In spite of the fact that the University has ob-
tained only the right to participate in the process
of creating the innovation structures, in fact, it
has also got independence and possibilities to
car ry out the financial and economic activities,
i.e. to gain profits. Therefore, the University can-
not be defined as nonprofit establishment any
longer.
However, paragraph 1 of Article 27 of the same
Law states that higher educational establishment
of any type of ownership, including the Univer-
sity, can operate only on the nonprofit basis,
which contradicts the law norms mentioned and
stated above.
The Scientific Council of the University has
the privilege of establishing, restructuring, and
liquidating structural departments of the Uni-
versity, including the innovation structures. This
action can be accomplished only upon applica-
tion to the University principal. According to
paragraph 3 of Article 27, the University can be a
cofounder of various corporate entities that may
carry out their activities in the full response to
the directions of scientific, educational, produc-
tive, and innovative activities of higher education
establishment. In addition, paragraph 1 of Article
68, allows the universities to carry out scholarly
research, R&D, and innovative activities as well
as to create innovative products and to commer-
cialize them.
Hence, we have now formally declared social-
ly oriented principles of scientific and innova-
ti ve development (nonprofit ones) based on pa-
triotism and morality and simultaneously start
forming the institutional mechanisms for com-
mercial activities of the Ukrainian universities.
However, the most interesting innovative projects
sup ported by various foreign funds and organiza-
tions are not implemented at the universities. For
instance, only 5 of 40 international grants ob-
tained in 2016 by researchers and teachers of
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
were financed from the Accounting Office of the
University [21, 10—18]. The situation was caused
by imperfect current legislation and taxation me-
chanisms for innovative and research activities
as well as overregulated knowledge economy.
To regulate the activities in this important seg-
ment of the market economy, it is necessary to
create the market of scientific and R&D produc-
tion as per the Law of Ukraine On Scholarly Re-
search and R&D Activities (2015, Article 45,
paragraphs 8, 9). Also, the need of substantial
legislative protection of intellectual property has
been pointed out [22].
In fact, the main legislative framework for
forming this market is based on the Laws of Uk-
raine On Investment Activities (1991), On Inno-
vation Activities (2002), and On Science Parks
(2009). Thanks to the Law On Science Parks, the
pioneer Ukrainian Universities have obtained in-
direct but legislatively well-grounded possibility
to gain profit from selling the R&D results (Ar-
ticle 9, paragraph 2) as well as to combine mate-
rial efforts and interests of the cofounders. The
higher educational establishments of the 4th ac-
creditation level can act as cofounders together
with R&D establishments and other corporate
entities (Article 1) [23], i.e. private corporations
and public organizations.
In the Ukrainian practice, the science parks
can be established in the form of limited liability
partnership (Science Park of Kyiv National Eco-
nomic University), corporations (Science Park of
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv”,
“Kyiv Polytechnics Science Park”, etc.) or scien-
ce park (Science Town — Kharkiv science park,
Radio Electro nics and Informatics science park,
etc.) [24].
It is quite possible now to create startups and
spinoffs based on universities of Ukraine, research
corporations, and scientific parks. However, un-
fortunately such ideas are being hardly developed.
As for the universities, they are allowed to pro-
vide paid services to corporate entities and in-
84 ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Novikova, I.E., Osetskiy, V.L., and Alekseieva, K.A.
dividuals according to Article 73 of the Law of
Ukraine and the current statutes.
The scope of these services can be approved
by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and in-
clude also scholarly research services, services re-
lated to international cooperation, pub lic health
protection services, recreation services, sport,
culture and other social services in addition to
the educational ones [25]. In particular, the uni-
versities can provide seminars, workshops, trai-
nings, and consultations. These paid services can
be organized by existing structural departments
or newly created separate units which may act on
the basis of the adopted norms. This means that it
is possible to establish some special administra-
tive departments on the basis of university, for
instance, a structural department named “startup
center” * or “startup school” to organize support
of university innovative projects and to hold lec-
tures, trainings, consultations, seminars, and we-
binars; meetings with successful businessmen,
which can be of great interest in the context of
explaining the logics of building technological
businesses, testing knowledge-intensive business
models, and promoting promising business pro-
jects. It would be also possible there to find time
for consulting with like-minded people and to
obtain information about grants, competitions in
Ukraine and abroad. The functions of the center
can include the formation of students’ startup
projects, their analysis and prospects.
It is possible (allowed by the legislation [18])
to open a separate university account with a bank
in order to separate the activities of the above
mentioned department. Now, the main task is to
“wake up” interest to innovation and investment
activities among the youth as well as to involve
them into the innovation entrepreneurship. The
level of ready idea can be legally formalized in
accordance with paragraph 10 of Article 70, in
particular, the formation of mutual statutory
capital of newly formed innovation structure
with participation of university and a small en-
terprise that works out and manufactures the
goods.
The university that prepares specialists and
deals with students from the very beginning of
their study can be considered to be the best busi-
ness incubator for “growing” scholarly research-
ers, entrepreneurs, and specialists interested in
utilizing their own potential in the sphere of in-
novation. The main conditions in this sphere are
a substantial level of preparation in the directions
of property rights protection as well as manage-
ment of innovation business.
To reach this aim the ordinary student should
become familiar with innovative business during
the first year of education. As a matter of fact, the
students should be involved into the process of
building innovative business and be motivated for
their own business doing from first days of their
study. The involvement of students into the in n o-
vation business entrepreneurship should be effec-
tive but never compulsory. For example, the format
of business games helps to understand what busi-
ness is and to feel as a project maker. The “marke-
ting of innovations” discipline can become a basic
one because it teaches both to estimate the ideas
from the technological and business point of view
and to possess the so called “soft skills”, i.e. to pre-
sent the projects, to convince the potential investors,
and to work in team. Even though many projects
worked out by students will never be implemented,
the students will get knowledge how to estimate
prospects of business ideas as well as will be able
to understand mechanisms of venture economy.
During the last years of education, the students
should have their knowledge and skills fixed
thro ugh studying such courses as “technological
entrepreneurship” and “management of innova-
tions” and university programs on business acce-
leration. They should be able to work at their own
pro jects in order to create their own startups.
As a matter of fact, a successful project for stu-
dents is the best evidence of practical implemen-
tation of knowledge they have got. The graduates
* As it has been done in the Samara University [26], the State Uni-
versity of Belarus [27], or federal state higher education establish-
ment “Sankt Petersburg National Research University of Infor-
mation Technologies, Mechanics, and Optics” [28].
85ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
should be able to find promising directions, to
work out and to commercialize them as well as to
make right decisions during the creation of scien-
ce-intensive goods.
The promising startup ideas generated while
studying or working on theses should be always
supported at both commercialization and patent
acquisition stages. To have these projects success-
fully implemented, expensive equipment and wor-
king areas are needed. The students should un-
derstand how to “pack” their products and who
can be their target consumer. All this requires
from them time, capital investments, and exper-
tise, i.e. the things which they may not possess. In
this case, the university should be able to help
and to become a cofounder of small innovative
enterprises. This format allows the innovators to
get serious privileges, to develop their ideas le-
gally, to promote them to the market, and to gain
profits using intellectual property and infrastruc-
ture of the university. Such format has proved to
be successful in foreign practice.
Fig. 3. Dynamics of
Index of Economic
Freedom in 1995—
2017
Source: [29].
30
60
40
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
50
Index of Economic Freedom, Ukraine
Table 2
The Economic Position of Ukraine as Compared with Other Countries
in the Global World Ratings (as of the end 2017)
Countries
Index of Economic
Freedom (0–100) / place
in the world rating
Freedom from Corruption
Index (0–100) / place
in the world rating
Investment Freedom
Index (0–100) / place
in the world rating
Business Freedom Index
(0–100) * / place
in the world rating
Hong Kong 90/1 80/10 90/4 95/1
Singapore 89/2 88/4 85/15 95/2
New Zealand 84/3 90/1 80/31 92/6
Switzerland 82/4 87/5 85/20 91/9
Luxembourg 76/14 78/15 95/1 69/69
USA 75/17 78/16 80/33 84/19
Denmark 75/18 85/8 90 /5 94/3
South Korea 74/23 67/30 65/87 91/10
Finland 74/26 90/2 85/17 90/14
Germany 74/26 78/13 80/24 87/16
Malaysia 74/27 52/44 60/93 91/8
Israel 70/36 48/46 75/43 70/63
Poland 68/45 56/37 75/52 68/77
Japan 70/40 86/7 70/72 82/23
China 57/111 42/66 20/165 54/140
Russian Federation 57/114 38/94 30/156 75/48
Lebanon 53/137 23/169 65/79 52/151
Ukraine 48/166 29 /153 * 25/163 62/110
* In 2016, Ukraine was 131st among 176 world countries by the Corruption Perception Index that is defined by the Trans-
parency International.
Source: [15], [29].
86 ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Novikova, I.E., Osetskiy, V.L., and Alekseieva, K.A.
Unfortunately, there are many weaknesses in
the national system of innovation, which impe de
the development of innovative activities as whole
and at the universities in particular. There have
not been created attractive competitive ad-
vantages for operation of IT-companies, which
makes Ukraine a world outsider in this filed. The
initiatives of venture investors who are rea dy to
invest at initial stages of the lifecycle are neglect-
ed because of complicated conditions for business
doing in Ukraine, legislative and tax uncertainty,
corruption and lack of real mono poly right for
private property. All this is accompanied with
overall financial and political in stability.
Because of all these negative factors we can ob-
serve the talented youth migration abroad, a re-
duction in the investments, including the foreign
ones, and a great fall in the exports of innovation
goods. Recently, the Ukrainian IT-companies ha-
ve become an object of indictment from police
and tax service. That is why at the end of 2016,908
a firm from Dnipro took the entire staff to Po-
land [29]. Some other companies working in the
IT-sphere, in particular, Luxoft (Dnipro), Divan.
tv, NIX Solutions, and Intego (Kyiv) have passed
through very tough investigations.
Unfortunately, despite having implemented ma-
ny reforms, year by year, Ukraine is showing down-
ward trend in the world ratings (Diagram 1).
Such important indices as Index of Economic Free-
dom, Freedom from Corruption Index, Invest-
ment Freedom, and Business Freedom remain
low ([30], Fig. 3 and Table 2). By the way, all of
them directly affect the investments and techno-
logical innovations. These indices are made up by
authoritative American Heritage Foundation and
The Wall Street Journal and are considered to be
among the most accurate ratings.
Thus, in 2017, Ukraine was ranked by the In-
ternational Economic Freedom Index among the
countries with the lowest economic freedom (the
166th place out of 180, with index 48.1).
In the context of intensification of innovative
activities, the startups creation can become a very
productive direction because they are the most
endurable structures in turbulent institutional
conditions of economic activities. In this case,
small innovative business is less risky as it “works”
in special “hot house” conditions and, conse-
quently, gets protected from outside threats. In
addition, the Ukrainian universities possess large
material and technological funds as well as intel-
lectual resources, which can reduce sufficiently
the required initial investments.
The universities also have advantages when
they have startups established and developed on
their basis as it stimulates raising the material
and technical resources as well as implementing
the theoretical knowledge on practice. It also mo-
tivates the staff to improve qualification.
However, the Ukrainian universities should
continue their work at raising efficiency of mana-
gement of commercially attractive R&D results
as well as at improving their effective transfer to
business. To achieve these objectives, it is advi-
sable to make agreements on cooperation with
famous American companies dealing with inter-
national patenting of university workings and
with their commercialization abroad. That means
it is necessary to pass the technology transfer to
the companies located abroad and having a spe-
cial expertise in this sphere.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, there has not been enough attention paid
to strengthening the role of the up-to-date inno-
vative entrepreneurship in the activities of uni-
versities in the Ukrainian scholarly research and
business environment, in particular, to develo-
ping startups and spinoffs. Although we under-
stand the fact that the basic idea of such educa-
tional and R&D projects is the development of
science and the implementation of its achieve-
ments for the society prosperity we should admit
that the commercialization of newly invented
workings and results of the innovation activities
is crucial for transformation of theoretical know-
ledge into innovative product with sufficient so-
cial and economic value. However, creating the
environment for the academic capitalism deve-
87ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
lopment is complicated by rather tough social,
economic, and political conditions for starting up
the investment projects in Ukraine. A very big
obstacle to overcome is the lack of effective insti-
tutional management between the science and
business. That is why the most important assign-
ment and the priority aspiration of all universi-
ties should become implementation of reliable
legislative protection of R&D results as well as
in volvement of technologies transfer mechanisms.
The protected results of scientific and innovative
research can raise sufficiently the competitive-
ness of R&D results (inventions and workings).
It is a vivid evidence of the priority of such re-
sults and defines the culture level of presenting
the creative and technical achievements. In addi-
tion, it is necessary to make several steps for po-
pularizing the R&D works on the entrepreneurial
basis, strengthening the financial status of uni-
versities, etc. It is necessary to do as follows:
to work out and to actively promote at the uni-
versities methods for motivating researchers and
young innovators for creating the intellectual re-
sults required by the market and the society;
to work at removing the bureaucratic barriers
in the creation of protected results of innova-
tive activities, which can stimulate the forma-
tion of intellectual property market;
to focus attention on creating a “disruptive”
product or means of solving actual complex
tasks, insofar as relevance and innovativeness
are the most important criteria to meet the
market requirements;
to educate the generation of promising young
scientists and businessmen interested in re-
search and technological activities as well as in
practical implementation of R&D results;
to improve the sphere of management of promi-
sing R&D results and their transfer for further
use in economic practice, which can become an
important image making factor for university.
All these measures enable raising the producti-
vity of innovation activities of these organizations
and are a powerful push to a new turn in the eco no-
my growth at the national and international levels.
PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE
SCHOLARLY RESEARCH
The conclusions formulated will be the basis
for searching effective strategies for commercia-
lizing the R&D works of Ukrainian universities.
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Received 13.03.18
І.Е. Новікова 1, В.Л. Осецький 1, К.А. Алексеєва 2
1 Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка,
вул. Володимирська, 64, Київ, 01601, Україна,
+380 44 239 3230, ie_novikova@meta.ua
2 Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України,
вул. Героїв Oборони, 11, Київ, 03041, Україна
+380 44 527 8081, katerinaalex@ukr.net
СТАРТ-АПИ ТА СПІН-ОФИ ЯК ФАКТОР РОЗВИТКУ
АКАДЕМІЧНОГО БІЗНЕСУ: ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА УКРАЇНСЬКІ ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Вступ. Сучасні, технологічно-оснащені підприємницькі університети є ідеальним середовищем для формуван-
ня первинної атмосфери інноваційного бізнес-клімату.
Проблематика. Реалізація сучасних прибуткових інноваційних проектів (старт-апів чи спін-офів) у формі ма-
лих інноваційних підприємств є сучасною формою успішної комерціалізації економічно-перспективної ідеї. Дос ко-
налим осередком для впровадження першого стартап-замислу є університет.
89ISSN 1815-2066. Nauka innov. 2018, 14 (5)
Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects
Мета. Розгляд тенденцій розвитку академічного бізнесу у контексті посилення значимості інноваційної діяль-
ності, зокрема визначення ролі старт-апів та спін-офів у діяльності зарубіжних та українських університетів.
Матеріали й методи. Використано порівняння рейтингів університетів світу. Застосовано SWOT-аналіз перс-
пективи діяльності старт-ап чи спін-офф проектів на базі університетів в Україні. Проведено аналіз залежності між
масштабом витрат на науково-дослідну діяльність та рівнем отриманих результатів інноваційних досягнень.
Результати. Здійснено порівняльний огляд тенденцій розвитку академічного бізнесу закордоном та в Україні.
Проаналізовано вітчизняне та європейське законодавство у сфері формування ринку наукової та науково-технічної
продукції. Визначено чинники, які суттєво гальмують процес розвитку інноваційної діяльності в Україні. Наведено
рекомендації щодо популяризації інноваціно-інвестиційної діяльності та налагодження продуктивної міжнародної
співпраці.
Висновки. Одержані результати дозволять сформулювати принципи для формування нової методичної пара-
дигми управління інтелектуальними активами в університетах з урахуванням особливостей розвитку вітчизняної
науки, економіки, підприємництва, ринку високих технологій.
Ключові слова : інноваційний бізнес, комерціалізація інновацій, інтелектуальні активи, інтелектуальна влас-
ність, старт-ап, спін-оф, університети, академічний капіталізм.
И.Э. Новикова 1, В.Л. Осецкий 1, Е.А. Алексеева 2
1 Киевский национальный университет имени Тараса Шевченко,
ул. Владимирская, 64, Киев, 01601, Украина,
+380 44 239 3230, ie_novikova@meta.ua
2 Национальний университет биоресурсов и природопользования Украины,
ул. Героев Обороны, 11, Киев, 03041, Украина,
+380 44 527 8081, katerinaalex@ukr.net
СТАРТ-АПЫ И СПИН-ОФФЫ КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОГО БИЗНЕСА:
ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ И УКРАИНСКИЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Введение. Современные, технологически оснащенные предпринимательские университеты являются идеаль-
ной средой для формирования первичной атмосферы инновационного бизнес-климата.
Проблематика. Реализация современных прибыльных инновационных проектов (старт-апов или спин-оффов)
в форме малых инновационных предприятий является современной формой успешной коммерциализации экономи-
чески перспективной идеи. Превосходным центром для внедрения первого стартап-замысла является университет.
Цель. Рассмотрение тенденций развития академического бизнеса в контексте усиления значимости иннова-
ционной деятельности, в том числе определение роли старт-апов и спин-оффов в деятельности зарубежных и укра-
инских университетов.
Материалы и методы. Использовано сравнение рейтингов университетов мира. Применен SWOT-анализ перс-
пективы деятельности старт-ап или спин-офф проектов на базе университетов в Украине. Проведен анализ зависи-
мости между масштабом расходов на научно-исследовательскую деятельность и уровнем полученных результатов
инновационных достижений.
Результаты. Осуществлен сравнительный обзор тенденций развития академического бизнеса за рубежом и в
Украине. Проанализировано отечественное и европейское законодательство в сфере формирования рынка научной и
научно-технической продукции. Определены факторы, которые существенно тормозят процесс развития иннова-
ционной деятельности в Украине. Приведены рекомендации по популяризации инновационно-инвестиционной
деятельности и налаживания продуктивного международного сотрудничества.
Выводы. Полученные результаты позволят сформулировать принципы для формирования новой методической
парадигмы управления интеллектуальными активами в университетах с учетом особенностей развития отечествен-
ной науки, экономики, предпринимательства, рынка высоких технологий.
Ключевые слова : инновационный бизнес, коммерциализация инноваций, интеллектуальные активы, интеллек-
туальная собственность, старт-ап, спин-офф, университеты, академический капитализм.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-160876 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1815-2066 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T18:19:11Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Видавничий дім "Академперіодика" НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Novikova, I.E. Osetskiy, V.L. Alekseieva, K.A. 2019-11-22T16:14:53Z 2019-11-22T16:14:53Z 2018 Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects / I.E. Novikova, V.L. Osetskiy, K.A. Alekseieva // Наука та інновації. — 2018. — Т. 14, № 5. — С. 77-89. — Бібліогр.: 29 назв. — англ. 1815-2066 DOI: doi.org/10.15407/scin14.05.077 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/160876 Introduction. Modern, equipped with cutting-edge technologies universities are a perfect environment for creating the
 primary atmosphere of innovative business climate.
 Problem Statement. The implementation of modern, profitable innovation projects (startups or spinoffs) in the form of
 small innovative enterprises is a new way of successful commercialization of promising ideas. Universities are perfect site
 for launching the first startup ideas.
 Purpose. To study the trends of academic business development in the context of increasing importance of innovation
 activities, in particular, the role of startups and spinoffs in the activities of foreign and Ukrainian universities.
 Materials and Methods. There has been used the comparison of world universities ratings. The SWOT-analysis of the
 prospects of startup and spinoff projects has been carried out based on the universities of Ukraine. Analysis of dependence
 of the proceeds from innovative achievements on the costs of R&D works has been made.
 Results. A comparative overview of the trends in the development of academic business abroad and in Ukraine has been
 made. The national and European legislation in the sphere of formation of R&D products has been analyzed. The factors that
 sufficiently hamper the development of innovative process in Ukraine have been identified. Recommendations concerning
 popularizing the innovative and investment activities and establishing fruitful international cooperation have been given.
 Conclusions. The obtained results enable formulating the principles for the formation of a new methodological paradigm
 for intellectual assets management in universities taking into account the peculiarities of the development of national
 science, economy, entrepreneurship, and high-tech market. Вступ. Сучасні, технологічно-оснащені підприємницькі університети є ідеальним середовищем для формування первинної атмосфери інноваційного бізнес-клімату.
 Проблематика. Реалізація сучасних прибуткових інноваційних проектів (старт-апів чи спін-офів) у формі малих інноваційних підприємств є сучасною формою успішної комерціалізації економічно-перспективної ідеї. Досконалим осередком для впровадження першого стартап-замислу є університет.
 Мета. Розгляд тенденцій розвитку академічного бізнесу у контексті посилення значимості інноваційної діяльності, зокрема визначення ролі старт-апів та спін-офів у діяльності зарубіжних та українських університетів.
 Матеріали й методи. Використано порівняння рейтингів університетів світу. Застосовано SWOT-аналіз перспективи діяльності старт-ап чи спін-офф проектів на базі університетів в Україні. Проведено аналіз залежності між
 масштабом витрат на науково-дослідну діяльність та рівнем отриманих результатів інноваційних досягнень.
 Результати. Здійснено порівняльний огляд тенденцій розвитку академічного бізнесу закордоном та в Україні.
 Проаналізовано вітчизняне та європейське законодавство у сфері формування ринку наукової та науково-технічної
 продукції. Визначено чинники, які суттєво гальмують процес розвитку інноваційної діяльності в Україні. Наведено
 рекомендації щодо популяризації інноваціно-інвестиційної діяльності та налагодження продуктивної міжнародної
 співпраці.
 Висновки. Одержані результати дозволять сформулювати принципи для формування нової методичної парадигми управління інтелектуальними активами в університетах з урахуванням особливостей розвитку вітчизняної науки, економіки, підприємництва, ринку високих технологій. Введение. Современные, технологически оснащенные предпринимательские университеты являются идеальной средой для формирования первичной атмосферы инновационного бизнес-климата.
 Проблематика. Реализация современных прибыльных инновационных проектов (старт-апов или спин-оффов)
 в форме малых инновационных предприятий является современной формой успешной коммерциализации экономически перспективной идеи. Превосходным центром для внедрения первого стартап-замысла является университет.
 Цель. Рассмотрение тенденций развития академического бизнеса в контексте усиления значимости инновационной деятельности, в том числе определение роли старт-апов и спин-оффов в деятельности зарубежных и украинских университетов.
 Материалы и методы. Использовано сравнение рейтингов университетов мира. Применен SWOT-анализ перспективы деятельности старт-ап или спин-офф проектов на базе университетов в Украине. Проведен анализ зависимости между масштабом расходов на научно-исследовательскую деятельность и уровнем полученных результатов
 инновационных достижений. Результаты. Осуществлен сравнительный обзор тенденций развития академического бизнеса за рубежом и в
 Украине. Проанализировано отечественное и европейское законодательство в сфере формирования рынка научной и
 научно-технической продукции. Определены факторы, которые существенно тормозят процесс развития инновационной деятельности в Украине. Приведены рекомендации по популяризации инновационно-инвестиционной
 деятельности и налаживания продуктивного международного сотрудничества. Выводы. Полученные результаты позволят сформулировать принципы для формирования новой методической парадигмы управления интеллектуальными активами в университетах с учетом особенностей развития отечественной науки, экономики, предпринимательства, рынка высоких технологий. en Видавничий дім "Академперіодика" НАН України Наука та інновації Світ інновацій Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects Старт-апи та спін-офи як фактор розвитку академічного бізнесу: зарубіжний досвід та українські перспективи Старт-апы и спин-оффы как фактор развития академического бизнеса: зарубежный опыт и украинские перспективы Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects Novikova, I.E. Osetskiy, V.L. Alekseieva, K.A. Світ інновацій |
| title | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects |
| title_alt | Старт-апи та спін-офи як фактор розвитку академічного бізнесу: зарубіжний досвід та українські перспективи Старт-апы и спин-оффы как фактор развития академического бизнеса: зарубежный опыт и украинские перспективы |
| title_full | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects |
| title_fullStr | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects |
| title_short | Startups and Spinoffs as Factors of the Academic Business Development: the Foreign Experience and the Ukrainian Prospects |
| title_sort | startups and spinoffs as factors of the academic business development: the foreign experience and the ukrainian prospects |
| topic | Світ інновацій |
| topic_facet | Світ інновацій |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/160876 |
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