Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe

Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe

We studied morphophysiological indices of organs of the dice snakes, Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768), from three populations in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine along the Dnieper River. The specimens were collected in 2013–2016 in three areas: Prydniprovska Thermal Power-Station (Dnipro City), the Nati...

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Hauptverfasser: Yermolenko, S.V., Gagut, A.M., Gasso, V.Ya.
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spelling Yermolenko, S.V.
Gagut, A.M.
Gasso, V.Ya.
2019-12-04T15:18:20Z
2019-12-04T15:18:20Z
2016
Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe / S.V. Yermolenko, A.M. Gagut, V.Ya. Gasso // Збірник праць Зоологічного музею. — 2016. — Вип. 47 — С. 20-29. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ.
0132-1102
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/161272
598.115.31+591.5
We studied morphophysiological indices of organs of the dice snakes, Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768), from three populations in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine along the Dnieper River. The specimens were collected in 2013–2016 in three areas: Prydniprovska Thermal Power-Station (Dnipro City), the National Nature Park “Velykyi Luh”, Zaporizhia region, and Majorova Balka (the ravine closed to Majorka village, Dnipro district, Dnipropetrovska region). Studied biotopes differ in some abiotic parameters and the level of anthropogenic load. Significant differences in kidneys and liver indices between sexes were noted. The relative mass of lung and heart diverges between animals from different studied sites.
Изучены морфофизиологические характеристики органов водяного ужа Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) из трех популяций, обитающих в условиях степного Приднепровья. Материал собран в период 2013–2016 гг. на территории, прилегающей к Приднепровской ТЭС (г. Днипро), в биотопах Национального природного парка «Великий Луг» (Запорожская обл.) и Майоровой балки (с. Майорка, Днипровский район, Днепропетровская обл.). Исследования проводились в биотопах с разными абиотическими условиями и антропогенной нагрузкой. Выявлены достоверные межполовые отличия индексов почек и печени. Относительный вес легкого и сердца различался у животных из разных мест обитания, в которых проводились исследования.
Вивчено морфофізіологічні характеристики органів водяного вужа Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) з трьох популяцій, що мешкають в умовах степового Придніпров'я. Дослідження проводилися в біотопах з різним рівнем антропогенного навантаження. Матеріал зібраний в період 2013–2016 рр. на території, прилеглій до Придніпровської ТЕС (м. Дніпро), в біотопах Національного природного парку «Великий Луг» (Запорізька обл.) і Майорової балки (с. Майорка, Дніпровський район, Дніпропетровська обл.). Дослідження проводилися в біотопах з різними абіотичними умовами і антропогенним навантаженням. Виявлено достовірні міжстатеві відмінності індексів нирок і печінки. Відносна вага легені і серця відрізнялася у тварин з різних місць проживання, в яких проводилися дослідження.
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Національний Науково-природничий музей НАН України
Збірник праць Зоологічного музею
Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
Морфофизиологические особенности внутренних органов водяного ужа Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) реки Днепр в пределах степной зоны
Формування морфофізіологічних особливостей внутрішніх органів водяного вужа Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) на території степового Придніпров'я
Article
published earlier
institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
collection DSpace DC
title Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
spellingShingle Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
Yermolenko, S.V.
Gagut, A.M.
Gasso, V.Ya.
title_short Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
title_full Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
title_fullStr Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
title_full_unstemmed Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe
title_sort morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake natrix tessellata (reptilia, colubridae) of the dnieper river in the steppe
author Yermolenko, S.V.
Gagut, A.M.
Gasso, V.Ya.
author_facet Yermolenko, S.V.
Gagut, A.M.
Gasso, V.Ya.
publishDate 2016
language English
container_title Збірник праць Зоологічного музею
publisher Національний Науково-природничий музей НАН України
format Article
title_alt Морфофизиологические особенности внутренних органов водяного ужа Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) реки Днепр в пределах степной зоны
Формування морфофізіологічних особливостей внутрішніх органів водяного вужа Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) на території степового Придніпров'я
description We studied morphophysiological indices of organs of the dice snakes, Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768), from three populations in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine along the Dnieper River. The specimens were collected in 2013–2016 in three areas: Prydniprovska Thermal Power-Station (Dnipro City), the National Nature Park “Velykyi Luh”, Zaporizhia region, and Majorova Balka (the ravine closed to Majorka village, Dnipro district, Dnipropetrovska region). Studied biotopes differ in some abiotic parameters and the level of anthropogenic load. Significant differences in kidneys and liver indices between sexes were noted. The relative mass of lung and heart diverges between animals from different studied sites. Изучены морфофизиологические характеристики органов водяного ужа Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) из трех популяций, обитающих в условиях степного Приднепровья. Материал собран в период 2013–2016 гг. на территории, прилегающей к Приднепровской ТЭС (г. Днипро), в биотопах Национального природного парка «Великий Луг» (Запорожская обл.) и Майоровой балки (с. Майорка, Днипровский район, Днепропетровская обл.). Исследования проводились в биотопах с разными абиотическими условиями и антропогенной нагрузкой. Выявлены достоверные межполовые отличия индексов почек и печени. Относительный вес легкого и сердца различался у животных из разных мест обитания, в которых проводились исследования. Вивчено морфофізіологічні характеристики органів водяного вужа Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) з трьох популяцій, що мешкають в умовах степового Придніпров'я. Дослідження проводилися в біотопах з різним рівнем антропогенного навантаження. Матеріал зібраний в період 2013–2016 рр. на території, прилеглій до Придніпровської ТЕС (м. Дніпро), в біотопах Національного природного парку «Великий Луг» (Запорізька обл.) і Майорової балки (с. Майорка, Дніпровський район, Дніпропетровська обл.). Дослідження проводилися в біотопах з різними абіотичними умовами і антропогенним навантаженням. Виявлено достовірні міжстатеві відмінності індексів нирок і печінки. Відносна вага легені і серця відрізнялася у тварин з різних місць проживання, в яких проводилися дослідження.
issn 0132-1102
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/161272
citation_txt Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Reptilia, Colubridae) of the Dnieper river in the Steppe / S.V. Yermolenko, A.M. Gagut, V.Ya. Gasso // Збірник праць Зоологічного музею. — 2016. — Вип. 47 — С. 20-29. — Бібліогр.: 21 назв. — англ.
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fulltext 20 Зб. пр. Зоол. муз., 47, 2016 S. V. Yermolenko, A. M. Hagut, V. Ya. Gasso Introduction It is known that a complex of environmental factors influence on mor- phophysiological processes in living organisms (Shvarts et al., 1968). Environmental pollution is deemed as one of powerful factors of such morphophysiological alterations (Burraco et. al. 2016). Several studies have shown that the relevant morphophysiological index can be used as a bioindication parameter. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the ecological features and intersexual specificity of species. The variability of morphophysiological character- istics of poikilothermic animals is known to be higher than in homeo- thermic ones (Schwartz et al., 1968, Kruglova, 2011). Such types of studies were practically not conducted on snakes. Dice snake Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) is one of the most common reptile species in the Dnieper valley within the Steppe zone (Bulakhov et al., 2007). Under conditions of strong anthropogenic © S. V. Yermolenko, A. M. Hagut, V. Y. Gasso, 2016 UDC 598.115.31+591.5 S. V. Yermolenko, A. M. Hagut, V. Ya. Gasso Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Gagarina Ave., 72, Dnipro, 49010, Ukraine E-mail: serejamahno@gmail.com MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INDICES OF INTERNAL ORGANS OF THE DICE SNAKE NATRIX TESSELLATA (REPTILIA, COLUBRIDAE) OF THE DNIEPER RIVER IN THE STEPPE Збірник праць Зоологічного музею, 47: 20–29, 2016 We studied morphophysiological indices of organs of the dice snakes, Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768), from three populations in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine along the Dnieper River. The specimens were col- lected in 2013–2016 in three areas: Prydniprovska Thermal Power-Station (Dnipro City), the National Na- ture Park “Velykyi Luh”, Zaporizhia region, and Majorova Balka (the ravine closed to Majorka village, Dnipro district, Dnipropetrovska region). Studied biotopes differ in some abiotic parameters and the level of anthropogenic load. Significant differences in kidneys and liver indices between sexes were noted. The relative mass of lung and heart diverges between animals from different studied sites. K e y w o r d s: reptiles, organ relative mass, morphophysiology, sexual dimorphism. Zb. prac’ Zool. muz. (Kiïv), 47, 2016 21 Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake ... influence N. tessellata populations are able to maintain their numbers, but, at the same time, they acquire a number of morphological, physiological and other traits (Yermolenko et al., 2016). Our study provides further information on animal biodiver- sity as an element of natural and disturbed ecosystems as well as of the ecosystem services. Materials and methods Our studies were carried out in August–September, which is non-reproductive period for the local snake species, in 2013–2016. We studied adult specimens of N. tessellata from three populations, which occupied ecosystems of the Dnieper River’s banks differenti- ated by anthropogenic load. The specimens were collected in the biotopes adjoining Prydniprovska Thermal Power Station (48.400716 °N 35.113721 °E, 7 males and 5 females (1)), in the ecosystems of the National Nature Park "Velykyi Luh" (47.447652 °N 35.133827 °E, 21 males and 9 females (3)), and in Ma- jorova Balka (the ravine closed to Majorka village, Dnipro district, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, 48.262769 °N 35.169007 °E, 20 males and 18 females (2), fig. 1). Deposited sulfur dioxide, nitric oxides, carbon oxides and dust particles affect the biotopes closed to Prydniprovska TPS. The TPS discharges about 1,055,747 thousand m3 of liquid wastes into the Dnieper River annually (DTEK, 2015). As a result, the water in close vicinity of the TPS is polluted with petrochemical products and phosphates. Their levels exceed maximum permissible concentrations 5–6 times (Choban, Choban, 2008; Kroyik, Patskova, 2011; Striletz, 2014). There are no significant differences in hydrochemistry between studied biotopes. They have purely comparable water concentrations of humic and fulvic acids (Osadcha, 2012) as well as other parameters (Hydrology, 1989; Stas, Kolesnyk, 2016). For morphometric analysis, we studied the dice snakes’ internal organs, which ac- tively participate in metabolic processes, notably liver, lung, kidneys and heart. The relative weight (index) of the organs was calculated by the following formula: Fig. 1. Location of the studied habitats along the Dnieper River. Explanation is in the text. 22 Зб. пр. Зоол. муз., 47, 2016 S. V. Yermolenko, A. M. Hagut, V. Ya. Gasso where C is the relative weight of the organs; P1 is the weight of the organ (g); P0 is the weight of the animal body (g) (Schwartz et al., 1968). The research was carried out according to the European Convention for the Protec- tion of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes, 1986 with Amendments, 2005, and 2009.All the experiments were performed under the supervision and permit of the Committee on Bioethics of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. The captured snakes were anesthetized and used in a wide spectrum of different physiological and biochemical studies. The differences between the studied samples were evaluated using a multifactor analysis of variance (MANOVA) performed in the Statistica 10 (StatSoft, Inc., the USA, 2011). The sex, habitat and their combined effect were used as factors for the analysis. The differences were considered as significantif P < 0.05.For each characteris- tic, the diagrams demonstrate the average values (small square in the center of the rectangle and horizontal lines for each population as a whole), the first and third quar- tiles (upper and lower bounds of the rectangle), 95 % confidence interval (vertical lines above and below the rectangle), outliers (shown by asterisks or small circles). Results and discussion Liver and kidneys are multifunctional organs that perform protective processes in an organism of vertebrates. It is assumed that the more toxic substances enter the organism and the longer their influence, the higher the liver index should be (Misyura, Marchenk- ovskaya, 2007). On the other hand, it is considered that intensifying metabolites excre- tion from the body can cause growing kidneys relative weight (Thammachoti et. al, 2012). The strengthening of exertion of an organ that is capable of growth should affect its morphophysiological index. Fig. 2. The liver index of N. tessellata from the studied populations. Zb. prac’ Zool. muz. (Kiïv), 47, 2016 23 Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake ... The results of a multifactor analysis of the studied organs’ indices are presented in the tabl. 1. The liver index was not significantly affected by the ecosystem factor, but the differ- ences between sexes were revealed (fig. 2). Bonnet et al. (1998) reported the intersexual differences in relative mass of different organs in three snake species. The sexual dimor- phism in liver index was different in studied species. In spite of heavier liver in females of Vipera aspis, the other species (Elaphesp. and Colubersp.) had no such differences. Presumably, other snake species may have distinct ratio of the liver index between sexes. It should be noted that the tendency in increasing the liver index of snakes from polluted site was observed. That was proved bystudies on amphibian and small mammal populations from contaminated biotopes (Misyura, Zalipukha 2006, Zemlianoy, 2007). Dice snakes in all the studied populations have the indices of both left and right kidneys in males higher than in females, which is shown in fig. 3 a and 3 b. The differ- ences is proved by probability value of 1 × 10-7 for both kidneys (tabl. 1). Organ Factor Sum of squares Number of de- grees of freedom Mean square F-criterion Р Liver ecosystem 278,1 2 139,1 1.08 0,34 sex 564,4 1 564,4 4.39 0,04 ecosystem × sex 492,5 2 246,3 1.91 0,15 Lung ecosystem 465,1 2 232,6 14.7 4.11×10-6 sex 36,1 1 36,1 2.27 0,13 ecosystem × sex 153,6 2 76,8 4.84 0,01 Right kidney ecosystem 12,1 2 6,03 1.76 0,18 sex 234,8 1 234,8 68.5 1,00×10-7 ecosystem × sex 3,27 2 1,64 0.48 0,62 Left  kidney ecosystem 21,8 2 10,9 3.10 0,06 sex 259,1 1 259,1 73.8 1,00×10-7 ecosystem × sex 0,21 2 0,11 0.03 0,97 Heart ecosystem 21,1 2 10,5 8.98 3,26×10-4 sex 0,66 1 0,66 0.56 0,46 ecosystem × sex 8,93 2 4,47 3.81 0,03 Table 1. Multifactor analysis (MANOVA) of morphophysiological indices in dice snakes from studied populations 24 Зб. пр. Зоол. муз., 47, 2016 S. V. Yermolenko, A. M. Hagut, V. Ya. Gasso 3 a 3 b Fig. 3. The kidney indices of N. tessellata in the populations from the studied areas (3 a — right kidney, 3 b — left kidney). Zb. prac’ Zool. muz. (Kiïv), 47, 2016 25 Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake ... Fig. 5 shows the same differences. The population in the vicinity of Prydniprovska TPS has the highest average index of the lung. Fig. 4. The heart indices of the N. tessellata in populations from the studied areas. Fig. 5. The lung indices of N. tessellata from the studied populations. 26 Зб. пр. Зоол. муз., 47, 2016 S. V. Yermolenko, A. M. Hagut, V. Ya. Gasso The same kind of differences was found in other snake species (Bonnet et al., 1998) The MANOVA showed no statistically significant differences in kidney indices between the habitats as well as under combined ecosystem × sex factor. Despite the fact that ecosystems did not demonstrate their effect on the kidney indices, the slight tendency in increase of that index in snakes from polluted biotopes was also noticed. The ageing could not cause any differences between genders as no involution of organs was found (Petter-Rousseaux, 1953). Morphophysiological index of a heart is usually associated with the intensity of energy expenditure of an organism in the process of locomotor activity (Shvarts et al., 1968; Sychev, Georgiev, 2005). The populations of N. tessellata inhabited both the NNP “Velykyi Luh” and Majorova Balka are characterized by the lower average values of the heart index in comparison with the animals from polluted site closed to Prydniprovska TPS (fig. 4). According to multifactor analysis, the relative weight of the snake heart in a population depends both on the habitat (P~3 × 10-4)and on the combined effect of ecosystem and gender (P = 0,03) (tabl. 1). The increased liver and lung indices in the snakes from the ecosystem closed to Prydniprovska TPS can be probable entailed by specificity of the site. The biotope is characterized by 10–30 meters deep. The other studied river parts are only of 2–5 me- ters. Moreover, just around the TPS the high current velocity and turbulence due to water discharge were observed. N. tessellata is predominantly ichthyophagous (Bulakhov et al., 2007) and in the studied area prefers gobies mostly. These both factors demand much physical efforts for movement from the bottom to the riverside (e.g., for swallowing) and back. Probably, it is logical to assume that industrial pollution may cause the decrease in number of feedstuff species of the dice snakes. That should make a valuable contribution to the energy costs and underwater time for trophic activity with the following increasing of the heart and lung indices. However, the dice snakes feed on the short-cycle fish mostly. The number of such fish (gobies, etc.) changes quickly and their populations are able to restore fast (Bulakhov et al., 2008). Thus, the factor of feedstuff number needs further research. Besides, according to the literature data the invasion of parasites causes inflamma- tory processes and histological disturbances in the affected organs (Nurtazin et al., 2012). It can entail a change in morphophysiological indices of relevant organs. That issue requires further studies of the consequences of intensity and localization of para- sitic infestations in snakes. Conclusions Dice snakes in studied populations are characterized by sexual dimorphism in relative mass of liver and kidneys. Significant differences in heart and lung indices were found between populations (ecosystem factor). These morphophysiological parameters are higher in snakes from the biotopes subjected to the Prydniprovska Thermal Power Station influence Bonnet X. , Shine R. , Naulleau G., Vacher-Vallas M., 1998. Sexual dimor- phism in snakes: Different reproductive roles favour different body plans. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 265 (1392): 179–183. Zb. prac’ Zool. muz. (Kiïv), 47, 2016 27 Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake ... Bulakhov V. L. , Gasso V. Y., Pakhomov O. Y., 2007. Bіologіchne rіznomanіttia Ukrainy. Dnipropetrovska oblast. Zemnovodni ta plazuny (Amphibia et Reptilia). Biological diversity of Ukraine. Dnipropetrovsk province. Amphibians and reptiles (Amphibia et Reptilia). DNU Press, Dnipropetrovsk. Bulakhov V. L. , Novitsky R. O., Pakhomov O. E. , Khristov O. O., 2008. Biolohichne riznomanittia Ukrainy. Dnipropetrovska oblast. Kruhloroti (Cyclostomata). Ryby (Pisces) (Biological diversity of Ukraine. Dnipropetrovsk region. Cyclostomes (Cyclostomata). Fishes (Pisces). Dnipropetr. Univ. Press, Dnipropetrovsk. Burraco P, Gomez-Mestre I . , 2016. Physiological stress responses in amphibian larvae to multiple stressors reveal marked anthropogenic effects even below lethal levels. Physiol Biochem Zool., 89: 62–72. (DOI 10.1186/s12862-017-1004-1). DTEK, 2015. Integrirovannyj otchet. 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Гассо МОРФОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВНУТРЕННИХ ОРГАНОВ ВОДЯНО- ГО УЖА, NATRIX TESSELLATA (REPTILIA, COLUBRIDAE), РЕКИ ДНЕПР В ПРЕДЕЛАХ СТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЫ Изучены морфофизиологические характеристики органов водяного ужа Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) из трех популяций, обитающих в условиях степного Приднепровья. Мате- риал собран в период 2013–2016 гг. на территории, прилегающей к Приднепровской ТЭС (г. Днипро), в биотопах Национального природного парка «Великий Луг» (Запорожская обл.) и Майоровой балки (с. Майорка, Днипровский район, Днепропетровская обл.). Исследования проводились в биотопах с разными абиотическими условиями и антропо- генной нагрузкой. Выявлены достоверные межполовые отличия индексов почек и печени. Относительный вес легкого и сердца различался у животных из разных мест обитания, в которых проводились исследования. К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а: пресмыкающиеся, относительный вес органа, морфофизиология, половой диморфизм. С. В. Єрмоленко, Г. М. Гагут, В. Я. Гассо МОРФОФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВНУТРІШНІХ ОРГАНІВ ВОДЯНОГО ВУЖА, NATRIX TESSELLATA (REPTILIA, COLUBRIDAE), РІКИ ДНІПРО В МЕЖАХ СТЕПОВОЇ ЗОНИ Вивчено морфофізіологічні характеристики органів водяного вужа Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) з трьох популяцій, що мешкають в умовах степового Придніпров'я. Zb. prac’ Zool. muz. (Kiïv), 47, 2016 29 Morphophysiological indices of internal organs of the dice snake ... Дослідження проводилися в біотопах з різним рівнем антропогенного навантаження. Матеріал зібраний в період 2013–2016 рр. на території, прилеглій до Придніпровської ТЕС (м. Дніпро), в біотопах Національного природного парку «Великий Луг» (Запорізька обл.) і Майорової балки (с. Майорка, Дніпровський район, Дніпропетровська обл.). Дослідження проводилися в біотопах з різними абіотичними умовами і антропогенним навантаженням. Виявлено достовірні міжстатеві відмінності індексів нирок і печінки. Відносна вага легені і серця відрізнялася у тварин з різних місць проживання, в яких проводилися дослідження. К л ю ч о в і с л о в а: плазуни, відносна вага органу, морфофізіологія, статевий диморфізм.

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