Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid
We investigated whether the priming with abscisic acid (ABA) alters the growth and the content of endogenous phytohormones in winter wheat seedlings under zinc stress. It was shown that zinc at a concentration of 228 mg/l inhibits the growth of the root system. Under these conditions, a decrease i...
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| Cite this: | Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid / I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk // Доповіді Національної академії наук України. — 2019. — № 11. — С. 93-99. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — англ. |
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Kosakivska, I.V. Voуtenko, L.V. Vasjuk, V.A. Shcherbatiuk, M.M. 2020-01-13T10:06:45Z 2020-01-13T10:06:45Z 2019 Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid / I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk // Доповіді Національної академії наук України. — 2019. — № 11. — С. 93-99. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — англ. 1025-6415 DOI: doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2019.11.093 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/162656 546.47:57.017.6:577.175.1:582.542.11 We investigated whether the priming with abscisic acid (ABA) alters the growth and the content of endogenous phytohormones in winter wheat seedlings under zinc stress. It was shown that zinc at a concentration of 228 mg/l inhibits the growth of the root system. Under these conditions, a decrease in the content of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin, and abscisic acid (ABA) and an increase in gibberellic acid (GA3), isopentenyladenosine (iPA) and salicylic acid (SA) took place. After the adding of 10⁻⁶ M ABA to the incubation medium, the growth of seedling roots, the level of stressful hormones ABA and SA became higher. The strategy of the adaptation of wheat seedlings to zinc stress in the presence of exogenous ABA was aimed at the activation of root growth. Changes in the phytohormones balance initiate protective mechanisms and a further adaptation of plants to a high concentration of zinc, and the treatment of grains with exogenous ABA can be used to enhance the stress resistance. Досліджено вплив цинкового стресу на ріст та акумуляцію ендогенних фітогормонів у проростках озимої пшениці, зернівки якої були праймовані абсцизовою кислотою (АБК). Показано, що в результаті інкубації на розчині цинку надлишкової концентрації (228 мг/л) гальмувався ріст кореневої системи, знижувався вміст ендогенної індоліл-3-оцтової, абсцизової кислот і зеатину та збільшувалась кількість гіберелінів, ізопентеніладенозину та саліцилової кислоти. Після додавання в інкубаційне середовище 10⁻⁶ М АБК посилювався ріст коренів, вміст стресових гормонів абсцизової та саліцилової кислот зростав. Зміни у балансі фітогормонів ініціювали захисні механізми рослин до дії високої концентрації цинку, а отже, праймування зернівок екзогенною АБК може бути використане для підвищення стресостійкості. Исследовано влияние цинкового стресса на рост и аккумуляцию эндогенных фитогормонов проростками озимой пшеницы, зерновки которой были праймированы абсцизовой кислотой (АБК). Показано, что при инкубации на растворе цинка избыточной концентрации (228 мг/л) угнетался рост корней, уменьшалось количество эндогенных индолил-3-уксусной, абсцизовой кислот, зеатина и увеличивалось содержание гиббереллинов, изопентениладенозина и салициловой кислоты. После добавления в инкубационную среду 10⁻⁶ М АБК рост корней усиливался, содержание стрессовых гормонов абсцизовой и салициловой кислот возрастало. Изменения в балансе фитогормонов инициировали защитные механизмы растений к действию высоких концентраций цинка, следовательно, праймирование зерновок экзогенной АБК может быть использовано для повышения стрессоустойчивости. The paper is based on results obtained in work under Project 0118U006054 “A comprehensive study of the signaling and metabolic systems of plants, as well as their anatomical, morphological, and ultrastructural characteristics under conditions of environmental pollution with heavy metals” funded by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. en Видавничий дім "Академперіодика" НАН України Доповіді НАН України Біологія Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid Вплив цинку на ріст і акумуляцію фітогормонів проростками Triticum aestivum L., праймованими абсцизовою кислотою Влияние цинка на рост и аккумуляцию фитогормонов проростками Triticum aestivum L., праймироваными абсцизовой кислотой Article published earlier |
| institution |
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| collection |
DSpace DC |
| title |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid |
| spellingShingle |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid Kosakivska, I.V. Voуtenko, L.V. Vasjuk, V.A. Shcherbatiuk, M.M. Біологія |
| title_short |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid |
| title_full |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid |
| title_fullStr |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid |
| title_sort |
effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in triticum aestivum l. seedlings priming with abscisic acid |
| author |
Kosakivska, I.V. Voуtenko, L.V. Vasjuk, V.A. Shcherbatiuk, M.M. |
| author_facet |
Kosakivska, I.V. Voуtenko, L.V. Vasjuk, V.A. Shcherbatiuk, M.M. |
| topic |
Біологія |
| topic_facet |
Біологія |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| language |
English |
| container_title |
Доповіді НАН України |
| publisher |
Видавничий дім "Академперіодика" НАН України |
| format |
Article |
| title_alt |
Вплив цинку на ріст і акумуляцію фітогормонів проростками Triticum aestivum L., праймованими абсцизовою кислотою Влияние цинка на рост и аккумуляцию фитогормонов проростками Triticum aestivum L., праймироваными абсцизовой кислотой |
| description |
We investigated whether the priming with abscisic acid (ABA) alters the growth and the content of endogenous phytohormones
in winter wheat seedlings under zinc stress. It was shown that zinc at a concentration of 228 mg/l inhibits
the growth of the root system. Under these conditions, a decrease in the content of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid
(IAA), zeatin, and abscisic acid (ABA) and an increase in gibberellic acid (GA3), isopentenyladenosine (iPA) and
salicylic acid (SA) took place. After the adding of 10⁻⁶ M ABA to the incubation medium, the growth of seedling
roots, the level of stressful hormones ABA and SA became higher. The strategy of the adaptation of wheat seedlings
to zinc stress in the presence of exogenous ABA was aimed at the activation of root growth. Changes in the phytohormones
balance initiate protective mechanisms and a further adaptation of plants to a high concentration of zinc, and
the treatment of grains with exogenous ABA can be used to enhance the stress resistance.
Досліджено вплив цинкового стресу на ріст та акумуляцію ендогенних фітогормонів у проростках озимої
пшениці, зернівки якої були праймовані абсцизовою кислотою (АБК). Показано, що в результаті інкубації
на розчині цинку надлишкової концентрації (228 мг/л) гальмувався ріст кореневої системи, знижувався
вміст ендогенної індоліл-3-оцтової, абсцизової кислот і зеатину та збільшувалась кількість гіберелінів,
ізопентеніладенозину та саліцилової кислоти. Після додавання в інкубаційне середовище 10⁻⁶ М АБК посилювався ріст коренів, вміст стресових гормонів абсцизової та саліцилової кислот зростав. Зміни у балансі фітогормонів ініціювали захисні механізми рослин до дії високої концентрації цинку, а отже, праймування зернівок екзогенною АБК може бути використане для підвищення стресостійкості.
Исследовано влияние цинкового стресса на рост и аккумуляцию эндогенных фитогормонов проростками
озимой пшеницы, зерновки которой были праймированы абсцизовой кислотой (АБК). Показано, что при
инкубации на растворе цинка избыточной концентрации (228 мг/л) угнетался рост корней, уменьшалось
количество эндогенных индолил-3-уксусной, абсцизовой кислот, зеатина и увеличивалось содержание
гиббереллинов, изопентениладенозина и салициловой кислоты. После добавления в инкубационную
среду 10⁻⁶ М АБК рост корней усиливался, содержание стрессовых гормонов абсцизовой и салициловой
кислот возрастало. Изменения в балансе фитогормонов инициировали защитные механизмы растений к
действию высоких концентраций цинка, следовательно, праймирование зерновок экзогенной АБК может быть использовано для повышения стрессоустойчивости.
|
| issn |
1025-6415 |
| url |
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/162656 |
| citation_txt |
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming with abscisic acid / I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk // Доповіді Національної академії наук України. — 2019. — № 11. — С. 93-99. — Бібліогр.: 15 назв. — англ. |
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93ISSN 1025-6415. Допов. Нац. акад. наук Укр. 2019. № 11: 93—99
Heavy metals (HM), as constituents of various chemical compounds, are essential natural com-
ponents of the Earth’s crust. As essential microelements, they affect the plant growth, deve lop-
ment, and metabolism. However, at levels exceeding a certain threshold, HMs act as pollutants
and pose an environmental threat. Excessive concentrations of HMs inhibit the plant growth,
biomass accumulation, adversely affect the photosynthetic activity, mineral nutrition, and wa-
ter exchange. Zinc is one of the essential microelements necessary for the normal life of plants. Its
effect is manifested in the growth promotion, initiation of flowers, formation of grains, and ac-
tivation of reparative processes [1]. At high concentrations, zinc is toxic to plants. In wheat, its
excess inhibited the shoot growth and reduced the rate of photosynthesis [2]. In our studies,
exogenous ABA was shown to mitigate the negative effects of high zinc concentrations on the
grain germination and the growth of winter wheat seedlings [3].
Plant growth and development is regulated by a complex hormonal system, the interaction
between components of which is synergistic or antagonistic. Hormonal substances occur in plant
© I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk, 2019
https://doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2019.11.093
UDC 546.47:57.017.6:577.175.1:582.542.11
I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko,
V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk
M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
E-mail: irynakosakivska@gmail.com, lesyavoytenko@gmail.com
Effect of zinc treatment on growth
and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L.
seedlings priming with abscisic acid
Presented by Corresponding Member of the NAS of Ukraine V.V. Shvartau
We investigated whether the priming with abscisic acid (ABA) alters the growth and the content of endogenous phy-
tohormones in winter wheat seedlings under zinc stress. It was shown that zinc at a concentration of 228 mg/l inhibits
the growth of the root system. Under these conditions, a decrease in the content of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid
(IAA), zeatin, and abscisic acid (ABA) and an increase in gibberellic acid (GA3), isopentenyladenosine (iPA) and
salicylic acid (SA) took place. After the adding of 10–6 M ABA to the incubation medium, the growth of seedling
roots, the level of stressful hormones ABA and SA became higher. The strategy of the adaptation of wheat seedlings
to zinc stress in the presence of exogenous ABA was aimed at the activation of root growth. Changes in the phytohor-
mones balance initiate protective mechanisms and a further adaptation of plants to a high concentration of zinc, and
the treatment of grains with exogenous ABA can be used to enhance the stress resistance.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, cytokinins, zinc.
94 ISSN 1025-6415. Dopov. Nac. akad. nauk Ukr. 2019. № 11
I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk
tissues at low concentrations and function at sites of synthesis, or are transported to other or-
gans and tissues. Due to their complex and balanced interaction, plants maintain hormonal ho-
meostasis in various organs at all stages of ontogeny. In recent years, the involvement of phy-
tohormones in the induction and integration of plant defense responses under HM impact has
been actively investigated [4]. Phytohormone priming positively affects nitrogen metabolism,
cell division, transpiration, and enzymatic activity under conditions of metallic stress [5]. Due to
the activation of defense mechanisms and inhibition of growth and development, ABA is con-
sidered vital for the plant under the effects of biotic and abiotic stressors [6]. Therefore, our aim
was to determine the effects of exogenous treatment with ABA on the accumulation and balance
of phytohormones in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings affected by high concentrations of zinc and
to investigate the possible use of the hormone to enhance the stress resistance.
Materials and methods. The seedlings of the high-yielding, frost- and drought-resistant va-
riety Triticum aestivum L. Podolyanka from the collection of the Institute of Plant Physiology
and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine were studied. Dry calibrated grains were sterilized in 80 %
ethyl alcohol solution, washed with distilled water, and laid out in Petri dishes (50 pcs) on
fil ter paper moistened with distilled water (control) and filter paper moistened with solutions of
zinc sulfate and 10–6 ABA and a mixture of zinc sulfate solutions and 10–6 M ABA. The plants
were grown in dark at + 24 °C. The zinc solution was prepared from aqueous zinc sulfate
(ZnSO4 × 7H2O) at a content of 228 mg of pure zinc per liter.
The effect of zinc and ABA on grain germination and seedling growth was investigated on
the third day of cultivation. The length and fresh weight of the most developed root, height and
fresh weight of shoots were measured. Biological replication within each variant of the experi-
ment was 10 plants in three times analytical replication.
Phytohormones were isolated and subsequently purified from 2 g of plant material according
to the method [7] on two solid-phase columns SPE C18, Sep-Pak Plus, Waters and SPE Oasis
MCX, 6 cc / 150 mg, Waters. Analytical determination of phytohormones was performed using
high performance liquid chromatography on an Agilent 1200 LC liquid chromatograph with a
G 1315 V diode-matrix detector (USA) in tandem with an Agilent G6120A single-quadrupole
mass spectrometer. To obtain the calibration tables, unlabelled IAA, ABA, CK, GA3, trans-zeat-
inglucoside (t-ZG), trans-zeatin (t-Z), trans-zeatinriboside (t-ZR), isopentenyladenine (iP),
and isopentenyladenosine (iPA) manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich, USA were used. The experi-
ments were carried out in three biological and three analytical replicates. The content of phy-
tohormones was analyzed and calculated using Agilent OpenLAB CDS ChemStation Edition
software (rev. C.01.09). The quantitative values obtained were statistically processed using
Microsoft Excel 2016. The significance of the difference was estimated according to Student’s
criterion using a 5 % significance level (P 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001).
Results and discussion. Morphological studies. The seed germination, root system for-
mation, and tillering are the decisive stages of ontogenesis, which affect the productivity of crops
and wheat yield. Morphometrical parameters of growth under stress factors are integral charac-
teristics of the plant physiological state. On the first day of seed germination, enzymes are acti-
vated; the intensity of respiration increases, hydrolysis of the reserve substances used by the
embryo for germination takes place. On the 2-3rd day, embryo roots emerge, which provide
the inflow of moisture and minerals to the seedling. Under favorable conditions when germi-
95ISSN 1025-6415. Допов. Нац. акад. наук Укр. 2019. № 11
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming...
nating in the soil for 3-4 days, the shoot goes to the surface. During this period, seedlings are going
from heterotrophic to autotrophic nutrition.
In the model we created, all solutions inhibited the growth of seedlings. Exogenous ABA
slowed shoot development, and zinc sulfate reduced root growth (Fig. 1).
Their combined application mitigated the individual inhibitory effects of these substances,
but growth rates remained to be less than those of controls. It should be noted that the biomass
of seedlings grown on a zinc sulfate solution was higher. Analysis of the biomass of seedlings in-
dicated that it increase was due to shoots development. When incubated with ABA+zinc, seed-
lings biomass was less than control (see Fig. 1).
Phytohormones accumulation. Auxins are involved in the regulation of the seed germina-
tion, division, elongation and differentiation of cells, photo- and gravitropisms, apical dominance,
embryo-, organo- and morphogenesis, development of the root system [8]. As a result of the HM
effect, auxin homeostasis is disturbed, and that adversely affects plant growth and development.
Zinc has been reported to be involved in IAA metabolism, and the excess metal influences the
hormone content [1]. We showed that incubation on ABA and zinc sulfate solutions caused, re-
spectively, a two-fold and three-fold fall in endogenous IAA content in three-day-old wheat seed-
lings, whereas after the combined use of phytohormone and HM – 2.6 times. Thus, the addition of
the hormone slightly mitigated the negative effect of zinc on the accumulation of IAA (Table).
Abscisic acid plays a key role in the formation of plant defense mechanisms, regulation of
ripening and seed germination, and influences the architecture of the root system [6].
Phytohormones content in three-day-old Triticum aestivum L.
cv. Podolyanka seedlings grown on ABA and zinc solutions
Study variant IAA
Cytokinins
GA ABA SA
t-Z iPa
Control 92.3 ± 4.6 4.3 ± 0.2 1.0 ± 0.05 7.4 ± 0.4 10.9 ± 0.5 1.4 ± 0.1
10–6М ABA 28.2 ± 1.4 12.2 ± 0.6 0.7 ± 0.04 1.7 ± 0.1 114.9 ± 5.7 9.9 ± 0.5
Zn 228 mg/l 47.3 ± 2.2 3.2 ± 0.2 1.3 ± 0.06 10.0 ± 0.5 9.9 ± 0.5 2.9 ± 0.1
Zn 228 mg/l + 10–6 М ABA 34.8 ± 1.7 2.9 ± 0.1 0.6 ± 0.03 1.9 ± 0.1 38.2 ± 1.9 11.6 ± 0.6
Fig. 1. Morphometrical study of three-
day-old Triticum aes tivum L. cv. Podo-
lyanka se ed lings grown on ABA and
zinc solutions
96 ISSN 1025-6415. Dopov. Nac. akad. nauk Ukr. 2019. № 11
I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk
The decrease of ABA content in the roots and a rise in poplar leaves was observed after a
prolongation of the zinc stress under conditions of seedlings exposure to exogenous ABA [9].
However, zinc was reported not to affect or reduce the hormone content in Arabidopsis shoots
[10]. Our study showed that, when grown on ABA solution, the content of endogenous ABA in
three-day-old winter wheat seedlings increased 10.5 times. During the action of zinc, it re-
mained at the control level, whereas the combined use of ABA and zinc caused a 4-fold rise in
the hormone content. Incubation with ABA solution mitigated the negative effect of zinc on
wheat root growth (see Table, Fig. 1).
Gibberellins are activators of processes that occur during the seed germination, they stimu-
late linear growth of axial organs and increase the leaf surface [11]. Gibberellins content in plant
tissues is significantly affected by environmental conditions. Thus, the high concentration of
zinc caused a fall in GA3 content in the poplar roots and leaves irrespective of the exposure du-
ration [9]. When the zinc concentration was low, there was observed accumulation of endoge-
nous GA3 in the germinating seeds of Cicer arietinum, while the hormone content decreased at its
high concentration. However, all studied concentrations of HMs caused a significant delay in the
seed germination [12]. We demonstrated that incubation on zinc solution enlarged the content of
endogenous GA3 in wheat seedlings, whereas the amount of hormone decreased almost fourfold
when there were treated by ABA solutions and a mixture of ABA and zinc sulfate (see Table).
Zinc had a positive effect on the accumulation of GA3, but an enlargement of the three-day-old
wheat seedlings shoots was not observed (see Fig. 1).
Сytokinins includes adenine derivatives; the compounds are similar in structure, but diffe-
rent in biological activity and functions. Hormone molecules with some variations in the struc-
ture of the side chain are likely to mediate different biological signals: it has been established that
trans-zeatin and iPa are involved in the transmission of long-range signals in the acropetal and
basipetal directions, respectively. Cytokinins control the cell division, stimulate the formation
and activity of shoot meristems, form the tissue attractive capacity, repress the leaf senescence,
inhibit root growth and branching, and are involved in regulating the seed germination and
response to stress [13]. During the germination of chickpea seeds under zinc stress, a gradual in-
crease in the zeatin content and a decrease in the zeatin riboside one were detected. Zeatin is
suggested to play a dominant role in overcoming such stress and can be synthesized de novo [12].
In our study, the cytokinins zeatin-O-glucoside, zeatin riboside, and isopentenyladenine were
found in trace amounts (less than 0.5 ng/g of crude substance) in three-day-old winter wheat
seedlings. Only zeatin and iPA were identified in significant quantities. Exogenous ABA caused a
threefold rise in the zeatin content, whereas zinc partially suppressed the hormone accumulation,
and the lowest level of zeatin was recorded under the combined action of exogenous ABA and
HM. The iPa accumulation pattern had the opposite direction, namely, as a result of the exoge-
nous ABA effect, the hormonal content diminished while the zinc effect led to its increase. Growing
on a mixture of ABA and HM inhibited iPa accumulation (see Table).
Salicylic acid plays a key role in the formation of the resistance of germinating seeds and adult
plants under various biotic stressors, and thus, the hormone is positioned as an effective re-
medy [14]. HM action was reported to enhance the exogenous SA antioxidant protection, to
mitigate lipid peroxidation, and to increase photosynthetic activity [5]. Some rise in SA bio-
synthesis during HM impact in roots and poplar leaves was observed [9]. We established that,
97ISSN 1025-6415. Допов. Нац. акад. наук Укр. 2019. № 11
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming...
when incubated on a solution of zinc sulfate, three-day-old wheat seedlings showed a two-fold
increase in SA content, and it increased seven times with exogenous ABA. A ten-fold rise in SA
content was observed with the combined action of zinc sulfate and ABA solutions (see Table).
Endogenous phytohormones ration. Under the control growing conditions, endogenous IAA in
three-day-old seedlings of winter wheat dominated, its content reached 92 ng/g of fresh weight.
As a result of the zinc effect, IAA also dominated. However, the content of IAA was twice below
the control. With the combined action of zinc and ABA, the content of IAA and ABA was close to
34.8 ± 1.7 and 38.2 ± 1.9 ng/g of fresh substance, respectively. Under the same conditions, the
content of SA was maximal. The ratio of total content of hormones stimulator IAA, GA3, and
CK to total contents of stress hormones ABA and SA under control conditions was 9:1, for ABA
actions — 0.3 : 1, zinc — 4.8 : 1, zinc + ABA — 1.3 : 1 (Fig. 2). The results obtained indicate that
the grains priming with a solution of ABA initiates the accumulation of stress hormones that
are a trigger in the formation of stress resistance of wheat plants in the early stages of their seed-
lings development.
The pattern of changes in the endogenous phytohormones content showed that zinc and
exogenous ABA acted as abiotic stressors. Changes in morphometric parameters observed in our
study indirectly indicate the involvement of stimulating hormones IAA, Z, iPA, and GA3 in
the regulation of shoots growth under zinc stress. Some rise in SA content occurred in all expe-
rimental variants, testifying the hormone involvement to the formation of defense mechanisms.
Our study showed that high zinc concentrations caused the changes in hormones accumu-
lation and balance in winter wheat seedlings at the juvenile stage of their development. Zinc at a
concentration of 228 mg/l inhibited the growth of the root, which was the first to be adver-
sely affected by the excessive concentration of HM. Under these conditions, a fall in endogenous
IAA, zeatin, and ABA contents and a rise in GA3, iPA, and SA were observed. Seedlings incu-
bation on 10–6 M ABA solution induced the growth of the root system. A combined action of
the hormone and zinc resulted in the leveling of the HM inhibitory effect, and the content of
stress hormones SA and ABA increased. Our results are consistent with those of other researchers
regarding the involvement of ABA in triggering SA and IAA signaling cascades capable of re-
ducing the toxic effect of HM [15]. Therefore, the strategy of wheat seedlings adaptation to zinc
loading under the action of exogenous ABA was aimed at inhibiting the shoot growth and acti-
vating the root growth. Changes in the balance of phytohormones are able to initiate protecti-
ve mechanisms and a further adaptation of plants to the effects of excessive HM concentrations,
and the priming of grains with exogenous ABA can be used to improve the stress resistance.
Fig. 2. Ratio between IAA+GA3+CK content and ABA+SA content in three-day-old Triticum aestivum L. cv.
Podolyanka seedlings grown on ABA and zinc solutions (%)
98 ISSN 1025-6415. Dopov. Nac. akad. nauk Ukr. 2019. № 11
I.V. Kosakivska, L.V. Voуtenko, V.A. Vasjuk, M.M. Shcherbatiuk
The paper is based on results obtained in work under Project 0118U006054 “A comprehensive
study of the signaling and metabolic systems of plants, as well as their anatomical, morphological,
and ultrastructural characteristics under conditions of environmental pollution with heavy metals”
funded by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
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Received 22.08.2019
99ISSN 1025-6415. Допов. Нац. акад. наук Укр. 2019. № 11
Effect of zinc treatment on growth and phytohormones accumulation in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings priming...
І.В. Косаківська, Л.В. Войтенко,
В.А. Васюк, М.М. Щербатюк
Інститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України, Київ
E-mail: irynakosakivska@gmail.com, lesyavoytenko@gmail.com
ВПЛИВ ЦИНКУ НА РІСТ І АКУМУЛЯЦІЮ
ФІТОГОРМОНІВ ПРОРОСТКАМИ TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.,
ПРАЙМОВАНИМИ АБСЦИЗОВОЮ КИСЛОТОЮ
Досліджено вплив цинкового стресу на ріст та акумуляцію ендогенних фітогормонів у проростках озимої
пшениці, зернівки якої були праймовані абсцизовою кислотою (АБК). Показано, що в результаті інкубації
на розчині цинку надлишкової концентрації (228 мг/л) гальмувався ріст кореневої системи, знижувався
вміст ендогенної індоліл-3-оцтової, абсцизової кислот і зеатину та збільшувалась кількість гіберелінів,
ізопентеніладенозину та саліцилової кислоти. Після додавання в інкубаційне середовище 10–6 М АБК по-
силювався ріст коренів, вміст стресових гормонів абсцизової та саліцилової кислот зростав. Зміни у балан-
сі фітогормонів ініціювали захисні механізми рослин до дії високої концентрації цинку, а отже, прайму-
вання зернівок екзогенною АБК може бути використане для підвищення стресостійкості.
Ключові слова: Triticum aestivum L., абсцизова кислота, індоліл-3-оцтова кислота, гібереліни, саліцилова
кислота, цитокініни, цинк.
И.В. Косаковская, Л.В. Войтенко,
В.А. Васюк, Н.Н. Щербатюк
Институт ботаники им. Н.Г. Холодного НАН Украины, Киев
E-mail: irynakosakivska@gmail.com, lesyavoytenko@gmail.com
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИНКА НА РОСТ И АККУМУЛЯЦИЮ
ФИТОГОРМОНОВ ПРОРОСТКАМИ TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.,
ПРАЙМИРОВАНЫМИ АБСЦИЗОВОЙ КИСЛОТОЙ
Исследовано влияние цинкового стресса на рост и аккумуляцию эндогенных фитогормонов проростками
озимой пшеницы, зерновки которой были праймированы абсцизовой кислотой (АБК). Показано, что при
инкубации на растворе цинка избыточной концентрации (228 мг/л) угнетался рост корней, уменьшалось
количество эндогенных индолил-3-уксусной, абсцизовой кислот, зеатина и увеличивалось содержание
гиббереллинов, изопентениладенозина и салициловой кислоты. После добавления в инкубационную
среду 10–6 М АБК рост корней усиливался, содержание стрессовых гормонов абсцизовой и салициловой
кислот возрастало. Изменения в балансе фитогормонов инициировали защитные механизмы растений к
действию высоких концентраций цинка, следовательно, праймирование зерновок экзогенной АБК мо-
жет быть использовано для повышения стрессоустойчивости.
Ключевые слова: Triticum aestivum L., абсцизовая кислота, индолил-3 уксусная кислота, гиббереллины, са-
лициловая кислота, цитокинины, цинк.
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