Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die
For studying the temperature field of hot stamping, the effect of the distance between cooling pipes, the distance between the cooling pipe and mold surface, and the water cooling pipe diameter were evaluated with ANSYS software. The results showed that the maximum temperature was about 50°C, and th...
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Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України
2018
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| Цитувати: | Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die / Q.Y. Jiang, H.Y Zhao, H.F. Yan // Проблемы прочности. — 2018. — № 1. — С. 138-143. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1738222025-02-23T17:47:53Z Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die Численное моделирование термомеханического поведения формы для горячей штамповки Jiang, Q.Y. Zhao, H.Y, Yan, H.F. Научно-технический раздел For studying the temperature field of hot stamping, the effect of the distance between cooling pipes, the distance between the cooling pipe and mold surface, and the water cooling pipe diameter were evaluated with ANSYS software. The results showed that the maximum temperature was about 50°C, and the maximum temperature difference of hot stamping was less than 35°C. The maximum temperature and the uniformity of stamping temperature can be improved by controlling the size and spacing of cooling pipes. Определен эффект расстояния между трубами охлаждения, расстояния между трубой охлаждения и поверхностью формы и диаметра трубы водяного охлаждения на температурное поле горячей штамповки с использованием программного обеспечения ANSYS. Показано, что максимальная температура составляет примерно 50°С, а максимальный перепад температуры горячей штамповки менее 35°С. Регулирование размеров и расстояния между трубами охлаждения позволяет увеличить максимальную температуру и равномерность распределения температуры штамповки. The project of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department “The Study on Ultra-High Gradient Parts Preparation Process and Organizational Performance Based on Zoning Stamping” (No. 20150060). The project of Jilin Province Science and Technology Department “The Research on 22MnB5 Ultra-High Strength Steel Hot Stamping Process” (No. 20140078). 2018 Article Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die / Q.Y. Jiang, H.Y Zhao, H.F. Yan // Проблемы прочности. — 2018. — № 1. — С. 138-143. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. 0556-171X https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/173822 539.4 en Проблемы прочности application/pdf Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України |
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Научно-технический раздел Научно-технический раздел |
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Научно-технический раздел Научно-технический раздел Jiang, Q.Y. Zhao, H.Y, Yan, H.F. Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die Проблемы прочности |
| description |
For studying the temperature field of hot stamping, the effect of the distance between cooling pipes, the distance between the cooling pipe and mold surface, and the water cooling pipe diameter were evaluated with ANSYS software. The results showed that the maximum temperature was about 50°C, and the maximum temperature difference of hot stamping was less than 35°C. The maximum temperature and the uniformity of stamping temperature can be improved by controlling the size and spacing of cooling pipes. |
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Article |
| author |
Jiang, Q.Y. Zhao, H.Y, Yan, H.F. |
| author_facet |
Jiang, Q.Y. Zhao, H.Y, Yan, H.F. |
| author_sort |
Jiang, Q.Y. |
| title |
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die |
| title_short |
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die |
| title_full |
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die |
| title_fullStr |
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die |
| title_sort |
numerical simulation of the thermomechanical behavior of a hot stamping die |
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Інститут проблем міцності ім. Г.С. Писаренко НАН України |
| publishDate |
2018 |
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Научно-технический раздел |
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https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/173822 |
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Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die / Q.Y. Jiang, H.Y Zhao, H.F. Yan // Проблемы прочности. — 2018. — № 1. — С. 138-143. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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UDC 539.4
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior of a Hot Stamping Die
Q. Y. Jiang,
a,1
H. Y Zhao,
b
and H. F. Yang
b
a School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun,
China
b School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai,
China
1 472699610@qq.com
For studying the temperature field of hot stamping, the effect of the distance between cooling pipes,
the distance between the cooling pipe and mold surface, and the water cooling pipe diameter were
evaluated with ANSYS software. The results showed that the maximum temperature was about 50�C,
and the maximum temperature difference of hot stamping was less than 35�C. The maximum
temperature and the uniformity of stamping temperature can be improved by controlling the size and
spacing of cooling pipes.
Keywords: high-strength steel, hot stamping, cooling system, ANSYS, thermomechanical
analysis.
Introduction. The application of high-strength steel plate stamping parts in the
automobile industry allows to reduce the car body weight with no deterioration of its
strength and safety characteristics [1]. Hot stamping technology (HST) is very lucrative for
the production of high-strength steel sheet stamping parts, whose strength can exceed
1500 MPa, and the formation at high temperature is almost no rebound, with some
outstanding advantages of high forming accuracy, good formation, etc. [2–4]. Thus, HST
becomes a preferred technology for car manufacturing. Hot stamping die design is the core
technology of HST, in which sheet metal forming and quenching are completed in hot
stamping die. Therefore, in addition to part-forming requirements, the above die should
also possess an excellent cooling capacity to ensure that the parts formed should have good
mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy [5–8].
In this paper, the stamping temperature field in high-strength steel hot stamping die
was simulated with ANSYS software, with the effect of water cooling pipe diameter,
distance between cooling pipes, and the distance between cooling pipes and the mold
surface on the temperature distribution being analyzed in detail.
1. Design and Optimization of Cooling System. Mold cooling pipe is the core issue
in the designing of hot stamping die. The quality of cooling pipe design directly affects the
cooling efficiency of the mold and the cooling uniformity, and directly determines the
success of the entire mold design. The design of the cooling pipe mainly includes the
determination of the pipeline position parameters and the determination of the pipe
diameter and the number of the pipeline. However, there are no exact formulas for the
determination of the above parameters, especially for the design of the cooling pipe with a
complex mold surface. It is not possible to get the universal design formula.
Schematic diagram of cooling pipe of hot stamping mold is shown in Fig. 1. ANSYS
software is used to simulate the cooling process during hot forming. The high strength steel
material is 22MnB5 and the mold material is CR7V. The influence of distance between the
cooling pipe, the distance between the cooling pipe to mold surface, and water cooling pipe
diameter on the mold temperature field were analyzed. The differences between the
maximum temperature and the maximum temperature of the mold were studied with
different mold parameters.
© Q. Y. JIANG, H. Y ZHAO, H. F. YANG, 2018
138 ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìè ì³öíîñò³, 2018, ¹ 1
1.1. The Preliminary Determination to Pipe Position and Size. The location and size
of the pipeline mainly depend on the specific shape of the mold. To determine the initial
should combine with the design experience. During the design the following points should
be paid attention to.
(1) The distance between the cooling pipe and the mold surface and the distance
between the cooling pipes should be reduced as small as possible under the condition to
meet the strength requirements. This is because that in the mold work the pipeline of
horizontal position should withstand more impact and extrusion force. The distance
between the cooling pipes is related to the diameter of the pipe. The larger the diameter is,
the greater the distance is. Because the strength of the mold depends on its minimum
cross-sectional area, the minimum area of the cross section of the pipe must be greater than
the allowable critical area.
(2) Pipeline design at rounded corners of convex and concave die. The rounded
corners of convex and concave die are subjected to large compressive stress and thermal
friction during forming. During the cooling pipe is arranged, the cooling effect is not good
with the too far distance of rounded corners and it difficult to ensure the strength of the
mold when the distance is too close to make. In the design of the cooling pipe, the die with
the force of fillet should maintain a sufficient gap to ensure the strength of the mold, while
die (punch) corresponding to the smaller force should reduce the distance between the pipe
and mold surface to compensate the other side of the cooling pipe temperature.
1.2. To Check the Strength of the Mold. The lowest value of die mechanical strength is
in its smallest cross-section. Drilling in the mold can inevitably lead to lower mold strength.
In the design of the cooling pipe, it requires that the minimum cross-sectional area of the
mold should be less than the allowable area of the mold. For hot stamping die, due to bear a
strong thermal fatigue, the mold safety factor should be higher than the cold forming die.
1.3. To Check the Flow Status of the Pipeline. There are two kinds of cooling water
flow in the pipeline: laminar flow and turbulent flow. Only the cooling medium close to the
waterway wall in the laminar flow can take away the heat, and the rest of the fluid only
flows through the waterway. In the turbulent flow, due to the cooling medium the eddy
current is involved in the cooling, the flow of cooling water in the pipeline is required for
turbulence flow.
Reynolds number is the dimensionless number to measure the flow of liquid in the
water flow. When the Reynolds number is below 2000, the liquid flow state is laminar, and
when the Reynolds number is higher than 4000, the transition state is between the two.
According to the mold design to determine the initial temperature of the cooling water and
parameters of the flow to calculate the Reynolds number in the cooling pipe. The Reynolds
number must be greater than 4000 in order to determine if the value of the cooling pipe
diameter is qualified.
1.4. To Check Cooling Rate and Cooling Uniformity. The cooling effect check of the
cooling system on the mold mainly depends on the numerical simulation, which can not
only improve the efficiency of design and development, but also save the cost. Through the
analysis to the simulation results, the shortcomings and deficiencies during the design can
be found to improve the design.
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior ...
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìè ì³öíîñò³, 2018, ¹ 1 139
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of cooling pipe of hot stamping mold.
2. Results and Discussion.
2.1. The Effect of Water Cooling Pipe Diameter. The influence of the diameter of the
water pipe on the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the
mold are shown in Fig. 2. It is evident that the maximum temperature of the mold increases
as the diameter of the water pipe increases when the other factors of the process do not
change. It indicates that with the cooling pipe diameter increases, the cooling rate is slower.
At the same time, with the cooling pipe diameter increasing, the maximum temperature
difference inside the cooling pipe will increase, which indicates that the smaller the
diameter of the pipe, the more even cooling of the mold. It shows that under condition of the
same in other parameters, the smaller the diameter of the pipe, the better the cooling effect.
Q. Y. Jiang, H. Y Zhao, and H. F. Yang
140 ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìè ì³öíîñò³, 2018, ¹ 1
Fig. 2. The influence of water pipe diameter.
a b
c d
Fig. 3. Temperature field of different cooling pipe diameter: (a) d � 6 mm; (b) d � 8 mm; (c) d �10 mm;
(d) d �12 mm.
The temperature field for different cooling pipe diameters is shown in Fig. 3. The
maximum temperature was observed at the mold surface and did not exceed 55�C, while
the lowest one was observed outside the cooling pipe. With an increase in the cooling
pipe diameter, the high-temperature zone dropped gradually and had a wavelike
distribution.
2.2. The Effect of the Distance between Cooling Pipes and Mold Surface. Figure 4
shows the effect of the wall distance from the water cooling pipe on the maximum
temperature and maximum temperature difference. It can be seen that for other conditions
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìè ì³öíîñò³, 2018, ¹ 1 141
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior ...
Fig. 4. The influence of distance to mold surface.
a b
c d
Fig. 5. Temperature field of different distance to mold surface: (a) h � 4 mm; (b) h � 6 mm; (c)
h � 8 mm; (d) h �10 mm.
remaining unchanged, an increase in the distance between the wall and water pipe, the
maximum temperature has a downward trend, and the maximum temperature difference
shows an upward trend. Therefore, the larger the cavity wall distance of water cooling pipe,
the faster the cooling rate.
The temperature field for different distances between the pipe and mold surface is
shown in Fig. 5. It can be seen that with an increase in the distance to the mold surface, the
high temperature zone between the cooling pipe and the mold surface has a temperature
gradient pattern.
142 ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìè ì³öíîñò³, 2018, ¹ 1
Q. Y. Jiang, H. Y Zhao, and H. F. Yang
Fig. 6. The influence of distance between pipes.
a b
c d
Fig. 7. Temperature field of different distance between pipes: (a) t � 6 mm; (b) t � 8 mm; (c) t �10 mm;
(d) t �12 mm.
2.3. The Effect of the Distance between the Cooling Pipes. Figure 6 shows the
influence of the space between water cooling pipes on the maximum temperature and the
maximum temperature difference of the mold. When the space between water cooling pipes
was within a certain range, the maximum temperature fluctuated up and down in a very
small range. However, with the increasing spacing between water cooling pipes, the
maximum temperature difference of the mold was reduced: the larger the spacing between
water cooling pipes, the better the cooling effect.
The temperature field for different distances between pipes is shown in Fig. 7. It can
be seen that with an increase in the distance between pipes, the low temperature zone
decreases gradually and distributes more unevenly, and the temperature distribution in the
high temperature zone slightly varies.
C o n c l u s i o n s
1. The effect of distance between cooling pipes, the distance between the cooling pipe
and mold surface, and the water cooling pipe diameter on the stamping temperature field
was analyzed with ANSYS software. The maximum temperature was about 50�C, and the
maximum temperature difference of the hot forming mold was less than 35�C.
2. The maximum temperature and the uniformity of mold temperature can be
improved by controlling the size and spacing of cooling pipes. With an increase in the
diameter of water cooling pipes, the maximum temperature increases, and the maximum
temperature difference of the mold becomes larger.
3. An increase in the spacing between water cooling pipes results in a sharp reduction
of the maximum temperature difference.
Acknowledgments. The project of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department
“The Study on Ultra-High Gradient Parts Preparation Process and Organizational
Performance Based on Zoning Stamping” (No. 20150060). The project of Jilin Province
Science and Technology Department “The Research on 22MnB5 Ultra-High Strength Steel
Hot Stamping Process” (No. 20140078).
1. Y. Kang, G. Chen, G. Zhu, and R. Song, “Forming technology and application of new
generation advanced high strength steel for automobile,” Iron Steel, 45, No. 8, 1–6, 19
(2010).
2. L. Fan, “The fatigue analysis and structural optimization to advanced high-strength
steel stamping die,” J. Hunan Univ. (2014).
3. T. T. Wu, “The forming process analysis and mold development to high-strength steel
car cover,” J. Shandong Univ. (2015).
4. Z. Zhang, “The hot stamping technology and numerical simulation to high-strength
steel plate,” Metal Cast. Forg. Technol., 19–23 (2010).
5. X. Wu, “The study on impact of die gap on thermoforming and its and optimization
method,” J. Hunan Univ. (2015).
6. W. Bi, The Numerical simulation and Application of Hot Stamping Process for
Automobile Axle Housing [in Chinese], Doctoral Thesis of Jilin University (2009).
7. R. Wu, “The fatigue life analysis and structural topology optimization to high-strength
steel stamping die,” J. Hunan Univ. (2015).
8. B. Ding, “The study on fatigue life of ultra-high strength steel plate hot stamping die,”
J. Chongqing Jiaotong Univ. (2015).
Received 15. 09. 2017
ISSN 0556-171X. Ïðîáëåìè ì³öíîñò³, 2018, ¹ 1 143
Numerical Simulation of the Thermomechanical Behavior ...
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/HRV (Za stvaranje Adobe PDF dokumenata najpogodnijih za visokokvalitetni ispis prije tiskanja koristite ove postavke. Stvoreni PDF dokumenti mogu se otvoriti Acrobat i Adobe Reader 5.0 i kasnijim verzijama.)
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/NLD (Gebruik deze instellingen om Adobe PDF-documenten te maken die zijn geoptimaliseerd voor prepress-afdrukken van hoge kwaliteit. De gemaakte PDF-documenten kunnen worden geopend met Acrobat en Adobe Reader 5.0 en hoger.)
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/UKR <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>
/ENU (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for high-quality prepress printing. Created PDF documents can be opened with Acrobat and Adobe Reader 5.0 and later.)
>>
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(Common)
(1.0)
]
/OtherNamespaces [
<<
/AsReaderSpreads false
/CropImagesToFrames true
/ErrorControl /WarnAndContinue
/FlattenerIgnoreSpreadOverrides false
/IncludeGuidesGrids false
/IncludeNonPrinting false
/IncludeSlug false
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(InDesign)
(4.0)
]
/OmitPlacedBitmaps false
/OmitPlacedEPS false
/OmitPlacedPDF false
/SimulateOverprint /Legacy
>>
<<
/AddBleedMarks false
/AddColorBars false
/AddCropMarks false
/AddPageInfo false
/AddRegMarks false
/ConvertColors /ConvertToCMYK
/DestinationProfileName ()
/DestinationProfileSelector /DocumentCMYK
/Downsample16BitImages true
/FlattenerPreset <<
/PresetSelector /MediumResolution
>>
/FormElements false
/GenerateStructure false
/IncludeBookmarks false
/IncludeHyperlinks false
/IncludeInteractive false
/IncludeLayers false
/IncludeProfiles false
/MultimediaHandling /UseObjectSettings
/Namespace [
(Adobe)
(CreativeSuite)
(2.0)
]
/PDFXOutputIntentProfileSelector /DocumentCMYK
/PreserveEditing true
/UntaggedCMYKHandling /LeaveUntagged
/UntaggedRGBHandling /UseDocumentProfile
/UseDocumentBleed false
>>
]
>> setdistillerparams
<<
/HWResolution [2400 2400]
/PageSize [612.000 792.000]
>> setpagedevice
|