TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope
In our study we investigated the process of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (ADBD) application for deposition of titanium oxide thin film on polyamide ropes to improve their abrasion resistance and hydrophobicity. Exploration focused on optimisation of the deposition process. Surface morpho...
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| Дата: | 2010 |
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| Автори: | , |
| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | Англійська |
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Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України
2010
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| Назва журналу: | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| Цитувати: | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope / Y. Klenko , J. Píchal // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2010. — № 6. — С. 191-193. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. |
Репозитарії
Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1859654191528542208 |
|---|---|
| author | Klenko, Y. Píchal, J. |
| author_facet | Klenko, Y. Píchal, J. |
| citation_txt | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope / Y. Klenko , J. Píchal // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2010. — № 6. — С. 191-193. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. |
| collection | DSpace DC |
| description | In our study we investigated the process of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (ADBD) application for deposition of titanium oxide thin film on polyamide ropes to improve their abrasion resistance and hydrophobicity. Exploration focused on optimisation of the deposition process. Surface morphology was studied by the SEM. The rope fiber abrasion tests were performed, too. The samples covered with TiOx thin film proved to be more abrasion resistant. their surface stayed relatively steady in comparison with unmodified samples after the abrasion test.
Мы изучали применение атмосферного диэлектрического барьерного разряда (ADBD) для осаждения тонкой пленки оксида титана на полиамидный (PA) трос. Тонкие пленки TiOx на РА-подложках были получены после оптимизации условий процесса. Исследовалось, в основном, влияние плазменного процесса нанесения тонкой пленки на улучшение поверхностных свойств PA-троса. Морфология поверхности изучалась с помощью SEM. Также был проведен тест на сопротивление к износу образцов волокна с пленкой и без. Образцы, покрытые TiOx, после проведения теста на износ показали большую устойчивость, их поверхности оставались относительно неповрежденными по сравнению с образцами без пленки.
Ми вивчали застосування атмосферного діелектричного бар'єрного розряду (ADBD) для осадження тонкої плівки оксиду титану на поліамідний (PA) трос. Тонкі плівки TiOx на РА-підкладках було отримано після оптимізації умов процесу. Досліджувався, в основному, вплив плазмового процесу нанесення тонкої плівки на покращення поверхневих властивостей PA-троса. Морфологія поверхні вивчалася за допомогою SEM. Також було проведено тест на опір до стирання зразків волокна з плівкою і без. Зразки, вкриті TiOx, після проведення тесту на стирання показали більшу стійкість, їх поверхні залишалися відносно непошкодженими в порівнянні зі зразками без плівки.
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T13:37:28Z |
| format | Article |
| fulltext |
TiOx THIN FILMS AP DBD DEPOSITION ON POLYAMIDE ROPE
Y. Klenko 1, J. Píchal 1,2
1Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Electrical Engineering,
Department of Physics, Prague, Czech Republic;
2Technical University of Liberec, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,
Department of Material Science, Liberec, Czech Republic
E-mail: pichal@fel.cvut.cz
In our study we investigated the process of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (ADBD) application for
deposition of titanium oxide thin film on polyamide ropes to improve their abrasion resistance and hydrophobicity.
Exploration focused on optimisation of the deposition process. Surface morphology was studied by the SEM. The rope
fiber abrasion tests were performed, too. The samples covered with TiOx thin film proved to be more abrasion resistant.
their surface stayed relatively steady in comparison with unmodified samples after the abrasion test.
PACS: 52.77.-j
1. INTRODUCTION
In the recent years, much attention has been paid to
thin film deposition process under atmospheric pressure.
There are some indisputable advantages of atmospheric
deposition methods over vacuum processing [1, 2].
Furthermore atmospheric non-thermal plasma sources are
already used successfully in many fields, such as
biomedicine, food or surface treatment, ozone generation,
and surface modification [3, 4].
PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2010. № 6. 191
Series: Plasma Physics (16), p. 191-193.
This paper describes practical application of TiOx
thin films deposited by ADBD PE-CVD process
on polymeric substrate – polyamide (PA) ropes
for strengthening their abrasion resistance
and hydrophobicity. Research focused on achievement of
film homogeneity and good film adhesion to individual
polyamide fibres of the rope. Tested types of ropes are
usually used by mountaineers.
2. EXPERIMENTAL
Experiments were carried out in a Plexiglas reactor
with dimensions (90x79x41) mm3. AP DBD CVD system
consists of the reactor, gas input and AC power supply.
The discharge was ignited between two brass electrodes
(45x8x18) mm3 and (40x17x18) mm3 which were placed
within the reactor. Bigger grounded electrode was
covered by a glass plate ((70x46x1) mm3). The electrode
configuration is shown on Fig. 1. The inter-electrode
distance was adjustable 10 mm. Fuller description of set-
up is described in [5].
To be able to place the rope properly into the reactor
during experiments, two holes (D ~ 10 mm)
symmetrically placed in the walls of the reactor had to be
bored. The axis passing through centres of the holes was
parallel with upper planes of electrodes and perpendicular
to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of electrodes. It also
passed through the centre of the inter-electrode region
(see Fig. 1). Several thin films “areas” 7 cm long
and 1 cm wide, each separated by 4 cm long unmodified
region were deposited one after another on every tested
rope. Each thin film “area” deposition time was 10 min.
Titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) 97% purity
(producer: Alfa Aesar) was chosen as a precursor
for TiOx thin film deposition because it is ecologically
benign and harmless to humans or the environment.
TTIP vapour was mixed with Ar (gas flow
rate 1 slm) in the evaporator and transported
into the HV electrode cavity where it was mixed
with oxygen (gas flow rate 2.5 slm). The gas mixture was
blown into discharge space through the hole (diameter
3 mm) in the high voltage electrode perpendicularly
to the sample. Gas streams were monitored using mass
flow meters. Experiments were performed with 30˚C of
TTIP evaporation temperature. Argon and oxygen were
purchased in the Air Products Company, CZ.
Film deposition was performed with discharge
power about 350 mW (at 15…15.5 kV, 50 Hz).
The maximum value of the current was about 1 mA.
AP DBD during deposition sustained in the filamentary
mode only. Experiments were performed in air at room
conditions (pressure about 756 Torr, humidity
(40…45) %, and room temperature 22…24˚C).
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used
for surface exploration of ropes. SEM was performed
with electron microscope JEOL JSM–7401F. SEM test
samples formed shredded pieces of ropes with deposited
thin film; each sample contained about 1 cm2 of the film.
Fig. 1. Electrode configuration in the AP DBD setup
We performed also test of individual fibres. The fibres
were deep-frozen (at approx. (-170) °C), cut with scalpel
and then SEM examined. Studies focused on the shape of
uppermost cutting plane and its edges. Results will be
discussed in next part of this paper.
The home-build equipment for abrasion resistance
test was engineered in compliance with the Germany
standard TL 4020–0030 relevant to climbing and other
ropes. Scheme of the abrasion resistance test installation
is presented in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Scheme of the abrasion resistance test installation
(TE – test edge)[6]
Its principle is as follows: one end of the test sample-
piece of rope is eccentrically fixed to the disk. The disk had
been rotated by motor. The other end of the rope was
stretched over the test edge (TE) and roller and was tensed
by 10 kg weight. Short sample was lengthened by cord.
a
b
Fig. 3. SEM image of PA fibers with TiOx film:
Magnification: a) 150× b) 500×
Tested rope was set in motion over the test edge
by rotating disc and the rope surface had been abraded.
Abraded part length of the rope was approx. 6 cm.
The angle of rope slope to the motor was in the range
from 12° to 39° and depended on fastening position.
The test edge was covered by hard chrome-nickel
abrasive coating with roughness Ra=250. Motor frequency
was 50 turns/min. Standard number of 1000 system cycles
was taken for test, i.e. 20 minutes time duration.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The surface analysis of thin TiOx films deposited on
polyamide ropes/fibres was performed with SEM.
Evidently the thin film deposited in AP DBD was
relatively homogeneous, but with slight sticking
of individual fibers. Besides the continuous film, also
some small dust-like particles were observed
on the modified surface. Their existence was probably
related with formation of dust particles in the discharge
region. No delamination of the film was observed,
its adhesion was good. Nevertheless, Fig. 3, a, b
demonstrate moderate deformation of rope braid,
which developed during deposition (sample stretching).
In addition to the surface analysis tests, the rope fiber
breaking test was performed, too. Specifically, film
detachment after fracture of individual fibers was tested.
Some of fibers were unplaited from the rope, frozen
to (-170) °C and cutting by scalpel. Electron microscopy
image of the cutting plane is shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. PA fiber cutting plane (magnification 2000×)
a
b
Fig. 5. Enlarged photos of the rope sample:
a) thin TiOx film covered, b) unmodified
192
193
Unfortunately this method was not sufficient for fiber
plane surface studies because of fiber thickness
(~ 10 μm). Fibers were too flexible even at low
temperatures.
Nevertheless the thin film shelling was not observed.
Its absence indicates sufficient film adhesion to the fiber.
However scalpel cutting deformation caused this test to be
unreliable.
Abrasion resistance tests were carried out at PA ropes
with and without TiOx film deposition. Test results are
presented in Fig. 5. Undeposited samples were more
susceptible to the mechanical impacts and their surface
was more defaceable and less abrasion resistant. Samples
covered with TiOx proved to be more abrasion resistant;
their surface seemed to be less harmed after the abrasion
test.
Results of experiments indicate that AP DBD thin
film deposition on the polyamide rope might be applied
for of polymeric mountaineer equipment quality
enhancement, although further optimisation of the
deposition process and reactor improvement would be
unavoidable.
CONCLUSIONS
Titanium dioxide (TiOx) thin films were deposited
on the polyamide ropes/fibres by AP DBD PE-
CVD method. Deposited samples proved to be more
resistant to the abrasion, their surface stayed relatively
steady after the abrasion test. These tests were performed
on the laboratory scale only.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research has been supported by the Czech
Technical University in Prague grant
No. SGS10/266/OHK3/3T/13 and grant. MSMT 1M0577.
REFERENCES
1. R. D'Agostino, P. Favia, Y. Kawai, H. Ikegami.
Advanced plasma technology. 2008, p. 353.
2. A. Uygun, L. Oksuz, A. Gul Yavuz, A. Guleç, S. Sen.
Current Applied Physics. 2010, submitted.
3. J.Y. Jeon, S.E. Babayan, V.J. Tu, J. Park, I. Henins,
R.F. Hicks, G.S. Selwyn // Plasma Sources Sci.
Technol. 1998, v. 7, p. 282.
4. A. Pfuch, R. Cihar // Surf. &Coat. Technology. 2004,
v. 183, p. 134.
5. Y. Klenko, J. Pichal // Problems of Atomic Science and
Technology. Series “Plasma Physics” (14). 2008, N 6,
p. 177.
Aricle received 13.09.10
НАНЕСЕНИЕ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК TiOx С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ АТМОСФЕРНОГО
ДИЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО БАРЬЕРНОГО РАЗРЯДА НА ПОЛИАМИДНЫЕ ТРОСЫ
Ю. Кленько, Я. Пихал
Мы изучали применение атмосферного диэлектрического барьерного разряда (ADBD) для осаждения
тонкой пленки оксида титана на полиамидный (PA) трос. Тонкие пленки TiOx на РА-подложках были получены
после оптимизации условий процесса. Исследовалось, в основном, влияние плазменного процесса нанесения
тонкой пленки на улучшение поверхностных свойств PA-троса. Морфология поверхности изучалась с
помощью SEM. Также был проведен тест на сопротивление к износу образцов волокна с пленкой и без.
Образцы, покрытые TiOx, после проведения теста на износ показали большую устойчивость, их поверхности
оставались относительно неповрежденными по сравнению с образцами без пленки.
НАНЕСЕННЯ ТОНКИХ ПЛIВОК TiOх З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ АТМОСФЕРНОГО
ДIЕЛЕКТРИЧНОГО БАР’ЄРНОГО РОЗРЯДУ НА ПОЛIАМIДОВI ТРОСИ
Ю. Кленько, Я. Піхал
Ми вивчали застосування атмосферного діелектричного бар'єрного розряду (ADBD) для осадження тонкої
плівки оксиду титану на поліамідний (PA) трос. Тонкі плівки TiOx на РА-підкладках було отримано після
оптимізації умов процесу. Досліджувався, в основному, вплив плазмового процесу нанесення тонкої плівки на
покращення поверхневих властивостей PA-троса. Морфологія поверхні вивчалася за допомогою SEM. Також
було проведено тест на опір до стирання зразків волокна з плівкою і без. Зразки, вкриті TiOx, після проведення
тесту на стирання показали більшу стійкість, їх поверхні залишалися відносно непошкодженими в порівнянні зі
зразками без плівки.
|
| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-17501 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 1562-6016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T13:37:28Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Klenko, Y. Píchal, J. 2011-02-26T23:15:14Z 2011-02-26T23:15:14Z 2010 TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope / Y. Klenko , J. Píchal // Вопросы атомной науки и техники. — 2010. — № 6. — С. 191-193. — Бібліогр.: 5 назв. — англ. 1562-6016 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/17501 In our study we investigated the process of atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (ADBD) application for deposition of titanium oxide thin film on polyamide ropes to improve their abrasion resistance and hydrophobicity. Exploration focused on optimisation of the deposition process. Surface morphology was studied by the SEM. The rope fiber abrasion tests were performed, too. The samples covered with TiOx thin film proved to be more abrasion resistant. their surface stayed relatively steady in comparison with unmodified samples after the abrasion test. Мы изучали применение атмосферного диэлектрического барьерного разряда (ADBD) для осаждения тонкой пленки оксида титана на полиамидный (PA) трос. Тонкие пленки TiOx на РА-подложках были получены после оптимизации условий процесса. Исследовалось, в основном, влияние плазменного процесса нанесения тонкой пленки на улучшение поверхностных свойств PA-троса. Морфология поверхности изучалась с помощью SEM. Также был проведен тест на сопротивление к износу образцов волокна с пленкой и без. Образцы, покрытые TiOx, после проведения теста на износ показали большую устойчивость, их поверхности оставались относительно неповрежденными по сравнению с образцами без пленки. Ми вивчали застосування атмосферного діелектричного бар'єрного розряду (ADBD) для осадження тонкої плівки оксиду титану на поліамідний (PA) трос. Тонкі плівки TiOx на РА-підкладках було отримано після оптимізації умов процесу. Досліджувався, в основному, вплив плазмового процесу нанесення тонкої плівки на покращення поверхневих властивостей PA-троса. Морфологія поверхні вивчалася за допомогою SEM. Також було проведено тест на опір до стирання зразків волокна з плівкою і без. Зразки, вкриті TiOx, після проведення тесту на стирання показали більшу стійкість, їх поверхні залишалися відносно непошкодженими в порівнянні зі зразками без плівки. This research has been supported by the Czech Technical University in Prague grant No. SGS10/266/OHK3/3T/13 and grant. MSMT 1M0577. en Національний науковий центр «Харківський фізико-технічний інститут» НАН України Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope Нанесение тонких пленок TiOx с использованием атмосферного диэлектрического барьерного разряда на полиамидные тросы Нанесення тонких плiвок TiOх з використанням атмосферного дiелектричного бар’єрного розряду на полiамiдовi троси Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope Klenko, Y. Píchal, J. Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии |
| title | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope |
| title_alt | Нанесение тонких пленок TiOx с использованием атмосферного диэлектрического барьерного разряда на полиамидные тросы Нанесення тонких плiвок TiOх з використанням атмосферного дiелектричного бар’єрного розряду на полiамiдовi троси |
| title_full | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope |
| title_fullStr | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope |
| title_full_unstemmed | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope |
| title_short | TiOx thin films AP DBD deposition on polyamide rope |
| title_sort | tiox thin films ap dbd deposition on polyamide rope |
| topic | Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии |
| topic_facet | Низкотемпературная плазма и плазменные технологии |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/17501 |
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