The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora

Taking into account the extensive scale of farmland abandonment in the area of the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, the authors decided to investigate the flora of the fire break in Bialowieza National Park as potential refuge for segetal flora. One hundred and thirty-six plant taxa have been found to...

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Дата:	2013
Автори:	Bomanowska, A., Adamowski, W.
Формат:	Стаття
Мова:	English
Опубліковано:	Інститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України 2013
Назва видання:	Український ботанічний журнал
Теми:	Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора
Онлайн доступ:	https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/175412
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Назва журналу:	Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Цитувати:	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora / A. Bomanowska, W. Adamowski // Український ботанічний журнал. — 2013. — Т. 70, № 2. — C. 202-208. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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spelling	nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-1754122025-02-09T10:07:21Z The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora Огнезащитные полосы в Беловежском национальном парке как рефугиум сегетальной флоры Вогнезахисні смуги в Біловезькому національному парку як рефугіум сегетальної флори Bomanowska, A. Adamowski, W. Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора Taking into account the extensive scale of farmland abandonment in the area of the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, the authors decided to investigate the flora of the fire break in Bialowieza National Park as potential refuge for segetal flora. One hundred and thirty-six plant taxa have been found to occur on the fire break, including 101 common to the segetal flora of the Biaіowiea Clearing. The most widespread species are Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bufonius and Scleranthus annuus; the most interesting are Peplis portula and Ranunculus sardous, formerly growing in wet furrows. Our results show that the ploughed fire break could be a refuge for segetal flora. Враховуючи широкі масштаби занедбаних сільськогосподарських угідь, автори досліджували флору вогнезахисних смуг Біловезького національного парку як потенційного осередку сегетальної флори. Виявлено 136 таксонів судинних рослин, у т.ч. 101 спільний для сегетальної флори вирубок Біловежі. Найбільш поширеними видами є Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bufonius і Scleranthus аnnuus, найбільш цікавими — Peplis portula і Ranunculus sardous, які раніше росли у вологих борознах. Наші результати вказують, що зорані вогнезахисні смуги можуть бути рефугіумом сегетальної флори. Учитывая широкие масштабы запущенных сельськохозяйственных угодий, авторы исследовали флору огнезащитных полос в Беловежском национальном парке как потенциальный рефугиум сегетальной флоры. Выявлено 136 таксонов сосудистых растений, в т.ч. 101 общий для сегетальной флоры вырубок Беловежи. Наиболее распространенными видами являются Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bufonius и Scleranthus аnnuus, наиболее интересными — Peplis portula і Ranunculus sardous, которые раньше произрастали во влажных бороздах. Наши результаты указывают на то, что вспаханные огнезащитные полосы могут служить рефугиумом сегетальной флоры. 2013 Article The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora / A. Bomanowska, W. Adamowski // Український ботанічний журнал. — 2013. — Т. 70, № 2. — C. 202-208. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ. 0372-4123 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/175412 en Український ботанічний журнал application/pdf Інститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України
institution	Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
collection	DSpace DC
language	English
topic	Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора
spellingShingle	Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора Bomanowska, A. Adamowski, W. The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora Український ботанічний журнал
description	Taking into account the extensive scale of farmland abandonment in the area of the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, the authors decided to investigate the flora of the fire break in Bialowieza National Park as potential refuge for segetal flora. One hundred and thirty-six plant taxa have been found to occur on the fire break, including 101 common to the segetal flora of the Biaіowiea Clearing. The most widespread species are Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bufonius and Scleranthus annuus; the most interesting are Peplis portula and Ranunculus sardous, formerly growing in wet furrows. Our results show that the ploughed fire break could be a refuge for segetal flora.
format	Article
author	Bomanowska, A. Adamowski, W.
author_facet	Bomanowska, A. Adamowski, W.
author_sort	Bomanowska, A.
title	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora
title_short	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora
title_full	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora
title_fullStr	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora
title_full_unstemmed	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora
title_sort	fire break in bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora
publisher	Інститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України
publishDate	2013
topic_facet	Судинні рослини: систематика, географія, флора
url	https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/175412
citation_txt	The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora / A. Bomanowska, W. Adamowski // Український ботанічний журнал. — 2013. — Т. 70, № 2. — C. 202-208. — Бібліогр.: 18 назв. — англ.
series	Український ботанічний журнал
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fulltext	202 ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2013, vol. 70, № 2 ANNA BOMANOWSKA1, WOJCIECH ADAMOWSKI2 1 University of Łodz Banacha 12/16, PL-90-237 Łodz, Poland knopikaa@biol.uni.lodz.pl 2 Bialowieza Geobotanical Station, Warsaw University Sportowa 19, PL-17-230 Bialowieza, Poland w.adamowski@uw.edu.pl THE FIRE BREAK IN BIALOWIEZA NATIONAL PARK AS A REFUGE OF THE SEGETAL FLORA K e y wo r d s: abandoned fields, changes in land use, decline of species, weeds, Bialowieza National Park, Poland © ANNA BOMANOWSKA, WOJCIECH ADAMOWSKI, 2013 Abstract. Taking into account the extensive scale of farmland abandonment in the area of the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, the authors decided to investigate the flora of the fire break in Bialow- ieza National Park as potential refuge for segetal flora. One hun- dred and thirty-six plant taxa have been found to occur on the fire break, including 101 common to the segetal flora of the Biaіowiea Clearing. The most widespread species are Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bufonius and Scleranthus annuus; the most interesting are Peplis portula and Ranunculus sardous, formerly growing in wet furrows. Our results show that the ploughed fire break could be a refuge for segetal flora. Introduction The Bialowieza Primeval Forest, located in the mixed deciduous forest zone, is a remnant of a larger forest tract of Central Eastern Europe. It occupies an area of 1250 km2 along the Polish-Belarusian border. Since 1921 the most valuable fragment of the forest has been protected as Bialowieza National Park. The total area of the park is 10 502 ha, of which 4 747 ha are strictly pro- tected (Okołów et al., 2009). To the south of the national park, a clearing with a group of settlements named Bialowieza is located. The Bialowie- za Clearing was established at the end of the 16th century, and has been gradually extended by continuous forest cut- ting (Faliński, 1966; Okołów et al., 2009). Now it occupies an area of 13.67 km2 and is the largest settlement clearing located in the interior of the Bialowieza Primeval Forest. During the last half century, significant changes in land use have taken place in the Bialowieza Clearing — the percentage of arable fields has decreased from 56 % in 1953 to 5 % in 2005 (Pabjanek, 1999; Bomanowska et al., 2008). Moreover, the northern part of the clearing was acquired by Bialowieza National Park in the 1980s and turned into a buffer zone between the settlement of Bialowieza and the Strictly Protected Area. Due to these changes, many arable weeds have be- come rare or even extinct in the Bialowieza Clearing, e.g. Agrostemma githago L., Bromus secalinus L., and Myosurus minimus L. (Pabjanek, 1996; Bomanowska et al., 2008). One result of the abandonment of the furrow-bed cultiva- tion method and the area’s domination by spring cereals was the disappearance of Ranunculo-Myosuretum minimi association (Pabjanek, 1996). The objective of the study was to present the floristic composition of weeds occurring in the fire break in Bialowieza National Park (BNP). Materials and methods The fire break in Bialowieza National Park was estab- lished circa 1995. It is a belt of mineralized soil, 3 m wide and ca. 2 km long (estimated area ca. 0.6 ha) lying along the southern border of the protected zone of BNP. The fire break is managed by yearly autumn ploughing. Detailed floristic studies on the vascular flora of the fire break were carried out between May 2009 and June 2010. Data were collected as floristic lists with infor- mation on the abundance of particular species. The frequency of occurrence for each species was deter- mined using a conventional scale: sporadic — species spotted no more than 3 times, rare — spotted no more than 10 times, common — dispersed more or less evenly along the whole fire break, mass — main com- ponents of plant cover. Based on floristic data derived from field studies, a complete list of vascular taxa occurring in the ploughed area of the fire break was prepared. This study focused on the occurrence of segetal (arable-land) species. In our list we included segetal weeds in a broad sense, i.e. all plants growing in arable fields and accompanying crop plants (Mowszowicz, 1955). Historical and recent data on the segetal flora of the Bialowieza Clearing (Faliński, 1966; Pabjanek, 1996; Bomanowska et al., 2008; BSG herbarium) were used for comparison. Plant names used here mainly follow Mirek et al. (2002) and syntaxonomic classification of species was given by Matuszkiewicz (2001). Life forms of species were accepted after Zarzycki et al. (2002). 203ISSN 0372-4123. Укр. ботан. журн., 2013, т. 70, № 2 The study implements geographical-historical clas- sification of the flora in the classification proposed by Kornaњ (1981). Anthropophytes were defined as spe- cies having no natural sites of occurrence in the Bialow- ieza Forest (Sokoіowski, 1995) and their status was de- termined according to studies by Zając (1979), Mirek et al. (2002), and Tokarska-Guzik (2005). Results and discussion Of the total number of 136 species found on the fire break during our study, as many as 102 (75 %) represent segetal weeds in a broad sense (Table). The floristic component common to the segetal flora of the Bialow- ieza Clearing and the fire break includes 101 species (62 % of the total segetal flora actually occurring in the clearing; Bomanowska et al., 2008). The distinguished group of plants belongs to 28 botani- cal families. The most numerous in terms of species are: As- teraceae — 22 species; Poaceae — 15 and Fabaceae — 11 (Table, Fig. 1). The five families richest in species co l- lec tively include 64 species. More than half (56) of the species occurred rarely (Fig. 2). There were plants from the Polish Red List of threatened weeds (Warcholińska, 1998): Centaurea cya- nus L. (I category), Geranium pusillum Burm. f. ex L. (I), Ranunculus sardous Crantz (I), and Chamomilla re- cutita (L.) Rauschert, very rare in the whole of NE Po- land (Zając, Zając, 2001) and in the Bialowieza Forest known only from ruderal habitats (Sokołowski, 1995; BGS herbarium). Among 37 common species (Fig. 2) the most interes- ting is Peplis portula L. (Lythrum portula (L.) D.A. Webb), threatened on segetal habitats in Poland (V category; Warcholińska, 1998) and in the Bialowieza Clearing (E category; Pabjanek, 1996), formerly growing in wet fur- rows (Faliński, 1966) and not found recently on arable fields (Bomanowska et al., 2008). Amongst the most widespread species found on the fire break were Anthemis arvensis L., Juncus bufonius L., Polygonum hydropiper L. and Scleranthus annuus L. (Ta- ble). They are mainly common and troublesome arable weeds, both in the Bialowieza Clearing and in other parts of Poland (Korniak, 1992; Skrzyczyńska,1994; Pab- janek, 1996). The share of particular geographical-historical gro- ups in the investigated flora is similar to data from the whole of the Bialowieza Clearing (Faliński, 1966; Pab- janek, 1996; Bo ma nowska et al., 2008) and is character- ized by a prevalence of native species (72; 70.6 %) over alien newcomers (Fig. 3). Species composition and phy- Fig. 1. Most important families in the segetal flora of the fire break Fig. 2. Abundance classes in the segetal flora of the fire break Fig. 3. Geographical-historical groups in the segetal flora of the fire break: AP — apophytes, AR — archeophytes, KE — keno- phytes, uncertain — status uncertain in the Polish flora tosociological character are representative of the habitat conditions of the study area. Meadow species (e.g. Achi- llea millefolium L., Trifolium repens L.) and taxa from wet habitats (e.g. Juncus bufonius L., Bidens tripartita L.) are prevalent. Among anthropophytes, archaeophytes predominate (23; Fig. 3). Here belong characteristic species of the Stellarietea mediae class, among them rare and threat- ened species, both in Poland and the Bialowieza Clear- ing, such as Anchusa arvensis (L.) M. Bieb., Centaurea cyanus and Geranium pusillum (Pabjanek,1996; Warcho- 204 ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2013, vol. 70, № 2 Segetal flora of fire break Species Familia Syntaxon GHG LF Abun-dance Achillea millefolium L. Asteraceae Ch Arrhenatheretalia AP H common Agrostis gigantea Roth Poaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Alopecurus geniculatus L. Poaceae Ch Agropyro-Rumicion crispi AP H common Alopecurus pratensis L. Poaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Anagallis arvensis L. Primulaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T common Anchusa arvensis (L.) M. Bieb. Boraginaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AP T sporadic Anthemis arvensis L. Asteraceae Ch Centauretalia cyani AR T mass Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Brassicaceae Ch Papaveretum argemones AP T, H rare Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P.Beauv. ex J.Presl & C.Presl Poaceae Ch Arrhenatherion AP H rare Artemisia vulgaris L. Asteraceae Ch Artemisietea vulgaris AP H rare Bidens tripartita L. Asteraceae Ch Bidentetea tripartiti AP T common Campanula patula L. s.str. Campanulaceae Ch Arrhenatherion AP H rare Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Brassicaceae AR T, H common Carex hirta L. Cyperaceae Ch Agropyro-Rumicion crispi AP G rare Centaurea cyanus L. Asteraceae Ch Centauretalia cyani AR T rare Centaurea jacea L. Asteraceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Cerastium holosteoides Fr.emend.Hyl. Caryophyllaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP C, H rare Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert Asteraceae Ch Centauretalia cyani KE T sporadic Chenopodium album L. Chenopodiaceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodietalia AP T common Cichorium intybus L. Asteraceae Ch Onopordetalia AR H common Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Asteraceae Ch Artemisietea vulgaris AP G common Convolvulus arvensis L. Convolvulaceae Ch Agropyretea AP G, H common Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist Asteraceae D Sisymbrion KE T, H common Daucus carota L. Apiaceae Ch Arrhenatheretalia AP H common Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. Poaceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodietalia AR T common Elymus repens (L.) Gould Poaceae Ch Agropyretea AP G common Epilobium parviflorum Schreb. Oenotheraceae Ch Calystegio-Epilobietum hirsuti AP H rare Equisetum arvense L. Equisetaceae Ch Agropyretea AP G rare Equisetum pratense Ehrh. Equisetaceae AP G common Erigeron ramosus (Walters) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Asteraceae Ch Erysimo-Melilotetum KE T, H rare Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Her. Geraniaceae AP T, H rare Euphorbia helioscopia L. Euphorbiaceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodietalia AR T common Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Å. Löve Polygonaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T rare Galeopsis bifida Boenn. Lamiaceae AP T rare Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake Asteraceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodietalia KE T rare Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae Ch Galio-Urticenea AP T, H rare Geranium pusillum Burm. f. ex. L. Geraniaceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodietalia AR T rare Gnaphalium uliginosum L. Asteraceae Ch Molinietalia AP T common Gypsophila muralis L. Caryophyllaceae Ch Radiolion linoidis AP T common Holcus lanatus L. Poaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare 205ISSN 0372-4123. Укр. ботан. журн., 2013, т. 70, № 2 Continuation of Table Species Familia Syntaxon GHG LF Abun-dance Holcus mollis L. Poaceae Ch Quercetea robori-petraeae AP G, H common Hypericum perforatum L. Guttiferae AP H rare Juncus bufonius L. Juncaceae Ch Isoлto-Nanojuncetea AP T mass Lamium purpureum L. Lamiaceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodion AR T, H common Lapsana communis L. s.str. Asteraceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AP T, H rare Lathyrus pratensis L. Fabaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Leontodon autumnalis L. Asteraceae Ch Cynosurion AP H rare Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. s.str. Asteraceae Ch Arrhenatheretalia AP H rare Lolium perenne L. Poaceae Ch Polygonion avicularis AP H common Lotus corniculatus L. Fabaceae Ch Arrhenatheretalia AP H rare Lysimachia vulgaris L. Primulaceae Ch Filipendulion AP H rare Matricaria maritima L. subsp. inodora (L.) Dostál Asteraceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T common Medicago lupulina L. Fabaceae AP T, H rare Melandrium album (Mill.) Garcke Caryophyllaceae Ch Artemisienea [] T, H rare Mentha arvensis L. Lamiaceae AP G, Hy common Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill Boraginaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T, H common Peplis portula L. Lythraceae AP T common Phleum pratense L. Poaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Poaceae Ch Phragmitetea AP G, Hy rare Plantago intermedia Gilib. Plantaginaceae Ch Isoлto-Nanojuncetea AP T, H rare Poa annua L. Poaceae AP T, H common Poa palustris L. Poaceae Ch Magnocaricion AP H rare Poa trivialis L. Poaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Polygonum aviculare L. Polygonaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AP T common Polygonum hydropiper L. Polygonaceae Ch Polygono-Bidentetum AP T mass Polygonum persicaria L. Polygonaceae AP T common Potentilla anserine L. Rosaceae Ch Agropyro-Rumicion crispi AP H common Prunella vulgaris L. Lamiaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Quercus rubra L. Fagaceae KE F sporadic Ranunculus acris L. s.str. Ranunculaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Ranunculus repens L. Ranunculaceae Ch Agropyro-Rumicion crispi AP H common Ranunculus sardous Crantz Ranunculaceae Ch, D Ranunculo-Myosuretum AP T, H rare Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser Brassicaceae Ch Agropyro-Rumicion crispi AP G, H rare Rumex acetosa L. Polygonaceae Ch Molinio-Arrhenatheretea AP H rare Rumex acetosella L. Polygonaceae D Panico-Setarion AP G, H, T mass Rumex crispus L. Polygonaceae Ch Agropyro-Rumicion crispi AP H common Rumex obtusifolius L. Polygonaceae Ch Artemisietea vulgaris AP H rare Scleranthus annuus L. Caryophyllaceae Ch Aperion AR T mass Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. Poaceae Ch Panico-Setarion AR T common Sinapis arvensis L. Brassicaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T rare Sonchus arvensis L. Asteraceae DP Polygono-Chenopodietalia AP G, H common 206 ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2013, vol. 70, № 2 lińska, 1998). Kenophytes are represented by only 6 ta- xa; among them Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist and Veronica persica Poir. are the most common. As in the segetal flora of the Bialowieza Clearing (Faliński, 1966; Pabjanek, 1996), therophytes (45 spe- cies) also prevail over other life forms in the segetal flora of the fire break. This group is particularly rich among obligatory weeds (29 species; Fig. 4). The great share of hemicryptophytes (40 species) is also characteristic, due to the immediate vicinity of abandoned farmlands, covered by meadow-like vegetation. In the analysed group there are 31 species character- istic or distinguishing for the Stellarietea mediae class and its lower syntaxa (Table). Species characteristic and distinguishing for root crop communities from the Polygo- no-Chenopodietalia order were more numerous (10 spe- cies) than species connected with cereals from the Centau- retalia cyani order (7 species; Table 1). Similar proportions were found in the segetal flora of the Bialowieza Clearing (Pabjanek, 1996; Bomanowska et al., 2008). Despite the small area and simplified management, the flora of the fire break is surprisingly rich in species. This is the result of direct contact with different types of vegetation (natural, semi-natural and ruderal), acting as propagule sources for the ploughed area. Sonchus oleraceus L. Asteraceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodion AR T, H rare Spergula arvensis L. Caryophyllaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T common Spergularia rubra (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl Caryophyllaceae Ch Radiolion linoidis AP T, H rare Stachys palustris L. Lamiaceae Ch Filipendulion AP G rare Stellaria graminea L. Caryophyllaceae AP H rare Stellaria media (L.) Vill. Caryophyllaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AP T mass Tanacetum vulgare L. Asteraceae Ch Artemisio-Tanacetetum AP H rare Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg. Asteraceae Ch Arrhenatheretalia AP H rare Thlaspi arvense L. Brassicaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T common Trifolium arvense L. Fabaceae Ch Koelerio-Corynephoretea AP T rare Trifolium campestre Schreb. Fabaceae Ch Koelerio-Corynephoretea AP T rare Trifolium dubium Sibth. Fabaceae Ch Arrhenatheretalia AP T rare Trifolium hybridum L. Fabaceae Ch Calthion AP H rare Trifolium repens L. Fabaceae Ch Lolio-Cynosuretum AP C, H common Tussilago farfara L. Asteraceae AP G rare Veronica arvensis L. Scrophulariaceae AR T rare Veronica persica Poir. Scrophulariaceae Ch Polygono-Chenopodion KE T common Vicia angustifolia L. Fabaceae Ch Aperion AR T rare Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray Fabaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T rare Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreb. Fabaceae Ch Vicietum tetraspermae AR T rare Viola arvensis Murray Violaceae Ch Stellarietea mediae AR T common Abbreviations: GGH — geographic-historical group, LF — life form, Ch — characteristic species, D —differential species, AP — apo- phyte, AR — archeophyte, KE — kenophyte, [] — status uncertain in Polish flora, T — therophyte, H — hemicryptophyte, G — geo- phyte, C — chamephyte, P — phanerophyte End of Table Species Familia Syntaxon GHG LF Abun-dance Fig. 4. Raunkiauer’s life forms in the segetal flora of the fire break: T — therophytes, H — hemicryptophytes, G — geophytes, C — chamephytes, P — phanerophytes 207ISSN 0372-4123. Укр. ботан. журн., 2013, т. 70, № 2 The weed flora of the fire break has a similar spec- trum of life forms as and share of geographical-histori- cal groups with the floras of typical agrocenoses (Skrzy- czyńska, 1994; Korniak, 1992; Pabjanek, 1996): native plants prevail over alien newcomers, and therophytes pre vail over other life forms. The results of the study show that some segetal spe- cies have a tendency to move from arable fields into substitutional habitats, which was also observed in the Bialowieza Clearing (Pabjanek, 1996 and the authors’ personal observations) and other regions of Poland and Europe (Sutcliffe, Kay, 2000; Kirpluk, Bomanowska, 2008). In our study here belong other hygrophilous therophytes linked to stubble communities of the order Nanocyperion flavescentis (Isoёto-Nanojuncetea class) growing on wet mineral soils (Matuszkiewicz, 2001). Populations of many weeds on the fire break are abu- ndant, and plants flower and fruit freely in most cases. The results of a long-term experiment by Balcerkiewicz and Pawlak (2009) in Wielkopolski National Park show that segetal species and segetal phytocoenoses need only frequent (once or twice a year) mechanical tillage, and it is not necessary to supply weeds with propagules from outside the fields. It is highly probable that the an- nual ploughing of the break will allow segetal species to persist in this habitat for many years. Conclusions 1. The obtained results of the study show that the vascu- lar flora of the fire break in Bialowieza National Park is to a great extend similar to the arable weed flora of the Bialowieza Clearing. 2. The weed flora of the fire break has a similar compo- sition and structure to typical flora of agricultural land. 3. Seven rare and threatened segetal species on the na- tional and local scales were found in the area: Anchusa ar- vensis, Centaurea cyanus, Chamomilla recutita, Geranium pusillum, Peplis portula, Ranunculus sardous, and Sinapis arvensis. The most valuable species are weeds of wet habi- tats formerly growing in wet furrows and not found recent- ly on arable fields: Peplis portula and Ranunculus sardous. 4. The ploughed plots of the fire break could be a par- tial refuge for the disappearing segetal flora of the Bi- alowieza Clearing. REFERENCES Balcerkiewicz S., Pawlak G. Długoterminowy eksperyment geo- botaniczny realizowany od 30 lat na powierzchniach stałych w Wielkopolskim Parku Narodowym // Wielkopolski Park Narodowy w badaniach przyrodniczych / Eds. Walna B., Ka cz- marek L., Lorenc M., Dondajewska R. — Poznań-Jeziory: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 2009. — S. 111—122. Bomanowska A., Adamowski W., Pabjanek P. Transformation of the segetal flora in the Białowieża Clearing in the light of chan- ges in arable land use // Proceedings of VIII International Con ference on Anthropization and Environment of Rural Settlements. — Katowice, Poland, 30.06—02.07.2008. — P. 13. Faliński J.B. Antropogeniczna roślinność Puszczy Białowieskiej ja ko wynik synantropizacji naturalnego kompleksu leśnego // Roz prawy Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. — 1966. — 13. — S. 1—256. Kirpluk I., Bomanowska A. Rare, endangered and protected plant spe cies of synanthropic flora of Kampinos National Park (Cen t- ral Poland) // Biodiv. Res. Conserv. — 2008. — 11—12. — P. 71—80. Kornaś J. Oddziaływanie człowieka na florȩ: mechanizmy i kon- sekwencje // Wiadom. Botan. — 1981. — 25(3). — S. 165—182. Korniak T. Flora segetalna północno-wschodniej Polski, jej prze- s trzenne zróżnicowanie i współczesne przemiany // Acta Acad. Agricult. Techn. Olst., Agricultura. — 1992. — 53. — S. 1—76. Matuszkiewicz W. Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowiska̧ rośli n- nych Polski. — Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2001. — 538 s. Mirek Z., Pikkoś-Mirkowa H., Zając A., Zając M. Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A checklist. — Kraków: W. Sza- fer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2002. — 442 p. Mowszowicz J. Krajowe chwasty polne i ogrodowe. — PWRiL, War- szawa, 1955. — 548 s. Białowieża National Park. Know it — understand it — protect it / Ed. C. Okołów, M. Karaś, A. Bołbot. — Białowieża: Białowieża National Park, 2009. — 240 s. Pabjanek P. 1996. Porównanie flory i roślinności segetalnej w ok- re sie 1965—1995 na Polanie Białowieskiej // Phytocoenosis, Sem. Geobot. — 4. — P. 83—96. Pabjanek P. Zmiany użytkowania ziemi na Polanie Białowieskiej (do 1989 roku). — Fotointerpretacja w Geografii. — 1999. — 30. — S. 3—28. Skrzyczyńska J. Studia nad florą i zbiorowiskami segetalnymi Wy- soczyzny Siedleckiej // Wyższa Szkoła Rolniczo-Pedago - gi czna w Siedlcach, Rozprawy Naukowe. — 1994. — 39. — S. 1—145. Sokołowski A.W. Flora roślin naczyniowych Puszczy Biało wies- kiej. — Białowieża: Białowieski Park Narodowy, 1995. — 275 s. Sutcliffe O.L., Kay Q.O.N. 2000. Changes in the arable flora of cen- tral southern England since the 1960s // Biol. Conservation. — 2000. — 93: — P. 1—8. Tokarska-Guzik B. The establishment and spread of alien plant spe- cies (kenophytes) in the flora of Poland. — Katowice: Wyd. Uniw. Śląskiego, 2005. — 192 p. Warcholińska A.U. Właściwości zagrożonych segetalnych roślin naczyniowych Polski // Acta Univ. Lodz., Folia bot. — 1998. — 13. — S. 7—14. Zając A. Pochodzenie archeofitów wystȩpujących w Polsce // Roz- prawy habilitacyjne Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. — 1979. — 29. — S. 1—213. Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants in Poland / Ed. A. Zając, M. Zając. — Kraków: Pracownia Chorologii Komputerowej In- a̧ ȩ 208 ISSN 0372-4123. Ukr. Botan. Journ., 2013, vol. 70, № 2 stytutu Botaniki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. — 2001. — xii + 714 p. Zarzycki K., Trzcińska-Tacik H., Różański W. et al. Ecological in di- cator values of vascular plants of Poland. — Kraków: W. Sza- fer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2002. — 183 p. Recommended for publication Submitted 22.06.2011 by S.L. Mosyakin А. Бомановська1, В. Адамовські2 1 Лодзський університет, Польща 2 Варшавський університет, Польща ВОГНЕЗАХИСНІ СМУГИ В БІЛОВЕЗЬКОМУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОМУ ПАРКУ ЯК РЕФУГІУМ СЕГЕТАЛЬНОЇ ФЛОРИ Враховуючи широкі масштаби занедбаних сільськогосподар- ських угідь, автори досліджували флору вогнезахисних смуг Біловезького національного парку як потенційного осеред- ку сегетальної флори. Виявлено 136 таксонів судинних рос- лин, у т.ч. 101 спільний для сегетальної флори вирубок Біло- вежі. Найбільш поширеними видами є Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bufonius і Scleranthus аnnuus, найбільш цікавими — Peplis portula і Ranunculus sardous, які раніше росли у вологих бороз- нах. Наші результати вказують, що зорані вогнезахисні смуги можуть бути рефугіумом сегетальної флори. К л ю ч о в і с л о в а: занедбані поля, зміни в землекористуванні, зникнення видів, бур’яни, Біловезький національний парк, Поль ща. А. Бомановская1, В. Адамовски2 1 Лодзский университет, Польша 2 Варшавский университет, Польша ОГНЕЗАЩИТНЫЕ ПОЛОСЫ В БЕЛОВЕЖСКОМ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОМ ПАРКЕ КАК РЕФУГИУМ СЕГЕТАЛЬНОЙ ФЛОРЫ Учитывая широкие масштабы запущенных сельськохозяй с т- венных угодий, авторы исследовали флору огнезащитных по- лос в Беловежском национальном парке как потенциальный рефугиум сегетальной флоры. Выявлено 136 таксонов сосу- дистых растений, в т.ч. 101 общий для сегетальной флоры вы- рубок Беловежи. Наиболее распрост ра не нными видами яв- ляются Anthemis arvensis, Juncus bu fo ni us и Scleranthus аnnuus, наиболее интересными — Peplis por tu la і Ranunculus sardous, которые раньше произрастали во влаж ных бороздах. Наши результаты указывают на то, что вспаханные огнезащитные полосы могут служить рефугиумом сегетальной флоры. К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а: запущенные поля, смены в зем ле по ль зо- вании, исчезновение видов, сорняки, Беловежский на цио на ль ный парк, Польша. Практикум з ботаніки. 7-е вид., перероблене і доповнене / Якубенко Б.Є., Алейніков І.М., Лушпа В.І., Ша- барова С.І., Царенко П.М. // Національний Університет біоресурсів і природокористування України, Ін- ститут ботаніки ім. М.Г. Холодного НАН України. – К., Фітосоціоцентр, 2012. – 322 с. Викладено методичні поради щодо виконання 61 лабораторно-практичної роботи з цитології, гістології, морфології та анатомії вегетативних органів, а також систематики рослин. Коротко висвітлено теоретичні відомості стосовно будови рослин, їхніх клітин, тканин, органів і різноманітності рослинного світу. Видання розраховане на викладачів, аспірантів, студентів природничих спеціальностей. 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The fire break in Bialowieza national park as a refuge of the segetal flora

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