Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years
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Інститут молекулярної біології і генетики НАН України
2010
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| Cite this: | Pollen production of inbred maize lines
 in different years / F. Rácz, S. Hidvégi, C. Szpke, G. Hadi, M. Pál, C.L. Marton // Фактори експериментальної еволюції організмів: Зб. наук. пр. — 2010. — Т. 8. — С. 278-282. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine| _version_ | 1860094948211163136 |
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| author | Rácz, F. Hidvégi, S. Szpke, C. Hadi, G. Pál, M. Marton, C.L. |
| author_facet | Rácz, F. Hidvégi, S. Szpke, C. Hadi, G. Pál, M. Marton, C.L. |
| citation_txt | Pollen production of inbred maize lines
 in different years / F. Rácz, S. Hidvégi, C. Szpke, G. Hadi, M. Pál, C.L. Marton // Фактори експериментальної еволюції організмів: Зб. наук. пр. — 2010. — Т. 8. — С. 278-282. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. |
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| first_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:25:43Z |
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278
3. Жученко А.А. Экологическая генетика культурных растений (эколого-
генетические основы). Кишинев: Штиинца.— 1980.— 587 с.
4. Помогайбо В.М., Чекалин Н.М., Изучение самонесовместимости и са-
мосовместимости у люцерны. Использование насыщающих скрещиваний и
самосовместимости в селекции сельскохозяйственных растений.— К.: Наукова
думка.— 1975.— С. 195–202.
5. Помогайбо В.М. Изучение взаимосвязи между признаками у синегибридной
люцерны // Цитология и генетика.— 1981.— Т.15.— №4.— С. 58–60.
Резюме
При відсутності чіткої дивергенції сортозразків люцерни за ознаками насіннєвої
продуктивності селекційне їх покращення повинно базуватися на використанні
внутрішньопопуляційної мінливості. Насіннєва продуктивність в значній мірі
залежить від досягнутого рівня селекційного покращення, головним чином, двох
основних складових — “число бобів в китиці” і “число насінин в бобі”.
При отсутствии строгой дивергенции сортообразцов люцерны по признакам
семенной продуктивности селекционное их улучшение должно базироваться на
использовании внутрипопуляционной изменчивости. Семенная продуктивность в
значительной степени зависит от достигнутого уровня селекционного улучшения,
главным образом двух составляющх — “количество бобов в соцветии” и “количество
семян в бобе”.
At absence strict divergention Grade a sample of Lucerne to attributes of seed
efficiency their selection improvement should be based on use Inside population of
variability. The seed efficiency substantially depends on the achieved level of selection
improvement mainly two compound — “quantity of beans in flovers” and “quantity seeds
in a bean”.
RÁCZ F., HIDVÉGI S., SZPKE C., HADI G., PÁL M., MARTON C.L
Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
P.O.B. 19. Martonvásár, 2462 Hungary, email: raczfe@mail.mgki.hu
POLLEN PRODUCTION OF INBRED MAIZE LINES
IN DIFFERENT YEARS
The majority of maize varieties and hybrids are able to produce adequate
quantity of viable pollen under various ecological circumstances, and pollen
production cannot be considered as a limiting factor as far as yield is concerned
(Duvick, 1997, Westgate et al., 2003). However, extreme abiotic stress factors
may cause flowering asynchronism, reducing the chance of fertilization or may
generate the production of less viable pollens in lower quantity.
Plants are the most susceptible to decreased water supply right before and
during the process of flowering. Water deprivation often results in the disorder of
pollen production or even the complete lack of it (Hall et al. 1980, Herrero and
Johnson, 1980), or may delay the development of style. The response of genotypes
depends on the extent of stress, and the inherited traits of the genotype under
279
stress. Inbred lines are especially vulnerable to stress factors, which is manifested
in pollen production and the viability of pollen grains as well.
Due to the negative correlation between pollen production and grain yield,
the number of new inbred lines with tassels of insufficient size, characteristics
and unsatisfactory pollen production has increased, risking safe seed production.
Plant breeders often select for small tassel size to reduce the dominance of tassels
over cobs (Fisher et al. 1987). Westgate and Basetti (1991) found that inadequate
pollen production caused by small tassel size reduced yield during top cross seed
production. According to Ulibelarrea et al. (2002) little information is available
on the pollen production of modern hybrids, while tassels are significantly smaller
than in the past.
Methods
Between 2002 and 2005, the pollen production of 19 inbred lines and 2
sister line crosses of Martonvásár were examined in three repetitions in split-
split-plot arrangement in Martonvásár. Data were analysed using multifactorial
analysis of variance in accordance with the instructions of Sváb (1967).
The soil of the field of experiment is clayey with residual forest soil. The
size of plots was 3.8 m–1. Artificial fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and
potassium in the rate of 1:1:1 was spread on the field in the quantity of 300 kg/ha.
Chemical weed control was carried out before and after emergence, and mechanical
weed control was also applied.
The average temperature in June 2002 was 1.3 °C higher than the 30 years’
average, and the amount of precipitation also exceeded the average of many years
by 23 mm. The number of hot days (19) was high as well. The distribution of
precipitation was uneven as most of the rainfall occurred during the second decade
of the month.
The year 2003 was extremely droughty in Hungary, however, this deficiency
in precipitation did not occur during flowering in July, but in August. The average
monthly temperature in July was only 0.2 °C higher that the 30 years’ average.
The amount of precipitation exceeded the average by 15.4 mm. The number of
hot days was 12, therefore, this year was unfavourable in terms of flowering. The
distribution of precipitation was beneficial this year.
In July 2004 precipitation was 7.8 mm less than the 30 years’ average, while
the average monthly temperature was 1 °C lower than that. In July 2005 precipitation
exceeded the 30 years’ average by 23 mm, while the average monthly temperature
was 0.7 °C lower than that. The distribution of rainfall was more favourable in July
2005. In 2004 there were 12 extremely hot days, while in 2005 there were 9 of it.
Altogether, the wet weather of July 2005 with its average hot temperatures can be
considered as more advantageous concerning the flowering of maize.
Pollen was collected in pollen bags in each plot from 5 plants of the same
flowering stage. The collecting of pollen was started on the day when the first
anthers appeared on the tassels’ main branches. Measurements were carried out
until there was no measurable quantity of pollen in the bags any more. Pollen was
cleaned of impurities (anthers, insects, etc.) using fine-meshed screen.
280
Results and discussion
Our aim was to determine the pollen producing ability of the inbred lines
examined and the effect of the year of production as an environmental factor on
pollen production. The total pollen production of inbred lines as well as the
duration of pollen production were analysed.
Genotype had significant effect on pollen production on an average of both
experimental years (Fig. 1). The total average pollen production of the experiment
is 0,651 g/plant. Line_1 proved to be the most productive with its pollen production
of 1,58 g/plant, while HMV5408 gave the smallest amount of pollen (0,21 g/plant)
during the flowering period.
The year of production also had a significant effect on pollen production.
Considering the average of the genotypes examined, pollen production was highest
in the year 2004 (0.8 g/plant), and lowest in 2002 (0.51 g/plant) (Fig. 2).
Figure 1: Pollen production of inbred lines
Figure 2: The effect of the year of production on the pollen production of inbred lines
281
Concerning persistence, significant difference was found among inbred lines
on an average of the two years examined (Fig. 3). The average duration of
measurable pollen shed was 6.631 days. Line_1 and F564*F564-12 were found
to shed pollen for the longest time (8.92 days), while line_7 tasselled for the
shortest period (4.58 days).
The year of production had significant effect on persistence as well. In 2005
pollen shed lasted 0.43 days longer on average and 0.95 days longer than in 2004
(Fig. 4). Although the differences are considerable from the aspects of agronomy,
they are statistically significant.
The values are influenced not only by the absolute values of temperature
and precipitation but their distribution in time as well.
Figure 4: The effect of the year of persistence of inbred lines
Figure 3: Persistence of inbred lines
282
Conclusions
The results of our four-year experiment show that the pollen production of
the inbred lines examined was significantly influenced by both genotype and the
year of production.
Similarly to the amount of pollen produced, genotype and the year of
production had significant effect on persistence as well.
Wet and average hot July with more uniform distribution of precipitation
promotes pollen production and the duration of pollen shed.
References
Duvick, D. N. (1997): What is yield? In G.O. Edmeades et al. (ed.) Developing
drought and low N tolerant maize. P.332-335. Proc. Symposium, El Batan, Mexico,
CIMMYT
Fisher, K.S. G.O. Edmeades, E.C. Johnson, (1987): Recurrent selection for reduced
tassel branch number and reduced leaf-area density Crop. Sci. 27:1150-1187.
Hall, A.J., Ginzo, H.D., Lemcoff, J.H., Soriani, A. (1980): Water-stress before and
during flowering in maize and its effects on yield, its components, and their determinants
Z. Acker. Und Pflanzenbau, 149: 287-298.
Herrero, M.P., Johnson, R.R.(1980): Crop. Sci., 20:796-800.
Svбb, J. (1967): Biometriai mуdszerek a mezQgazdasбgi kutatбsban. (Biometric
methods in agricultural research.) MezQgazdasбgi Kiadу
Uribelarrea, M. Carcova, J. Otegui, M.E. Westgate, M.E. (2002): Pollen production,
pollination dynamics, and kernel set in maize Crop. Sci. 42:1910-1918.
Westgate, M. E.-Basetti, P. (1991): Proc. 45th Annual corn and sorghum research
conf. American Seed Trade Assoc., p. 12-28.
Westgate, M. E.-Lizaso, J.-Batchelor, W. (2003): Quantitative relationships between
pollen shed density and grain yield in maize Crop Sci. 43: 934-942.
283
ПРИКЛАДНА ГЕНЕТИКА І СЕЛЕКЦІЯ
АВАКЯН Э.Р., КУМЕЙКО Т.Б., ОЛЬХОВАЯ К.К.
Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса
Россия, 350921, Краснодар, п./о Белозерное, arrri_kub@mail.ru
ОЦЕНКА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ИСХОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА РИСА
К ПИРИКУЛЯРИОЗУ ПО СОДЕРЖАНИЮ КРЕМНЕЗЕМА
Одним из важнейших направлений в селекции риса является выведение
сортов устойчивых к пирикуляриозу. Гриб Piricularia Oryzae Cavara поражает
посевы риса, и потери урожая при этом могут превышать 30%. Обладая
мощным ферментативным аппаратом, гриб воздействует на клетку, что
приводит к нарушению целостности растительного организма, проявляю-
щемуся не только в механическом повреждении, но и в расстройстве
физиолого-биохимического метаболизма, конечным результатом которого
может быть гибель растения. Растение риса — саморегулирующаяся систе-
ма, способная во многих случаях справляться с неблагоприятными внеш-
ними воздействиями, если они не носят запредельный характер.
Важным показателем устойчивости риса к пирикуляриозу является
содержание кремнезема (SiO2), которое можно определять в листовых
пластинах (проростков, вегетирующих растений), покровных чешуях
зерновок риса. Кремний функционально играет важную роль в метаболизме
растения. Присутствие его в тканях риса обеспечивает их высокую механи-
ческую прочность. Утолщение кремне-целлюлозного слоя эпидермальных
тканей повышает устойчивость к болезням и вредителям. Сложный комп-
лекс, который кремний образует с другими компонентами клеточной стенки,
устойчив к энзимам патогена, что припятствует проникновению гиф гриба
пирикулярии и других грибов внутрь клетки; кремний повышает окисли-
тельно-восстановительный потенциал клеточного сока риса, ингибируя
развитие патогена. Определение содержания (SiO2) в различных органах и
тканях риса позволит отобрать и использовать затем в селекционной прак-
тике исходный материал с заведомо ценными признаками — устойчивостью
к болезням и вредителям, к полеганию, к повышенным — пониженным
температурам, к засолению и, как следствие, с повышенной продуктивностью.
Цель исследования
Изучить влияние содержание кремнезема в селекционных образцах риса
на устойчивость к пирикуляриозу.
Материалы и методы
В качестве объектов исследования использовали сорта и сортообразцы
коллекции ВНИИ риса. Содержание кремнезема определяли весовым ме-
тодом [1].
Результаты и обсуждение
В листовых пластинах проростков сортов и сортообразцов риса содержа-
ние кремнезема различно. У устойчивых форм оно выше, чем у восприим-
чивых и варьирует в пределах от 4 до 7%. Так, устойчивые формы Аметист,
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| id | nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-177564 |
| institution | Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine |
| issn | 2219-3782 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-12-07T17:25:43Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Інститут молекулярної біології і генетики НАН України |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | Rácz, F. Hidvégi, S. Szpke, C. Hadi, G. Pál, M. Marton, C.L. 2021-02-16T12:50:59Z 2021-02-16T12:50:59Z 2010 Pollen production of inbred maize lines
 in different years / F. Rácz, S. Hidvégi, C. Szpke, G. Hadi, M. Pál, C.L. Marton // Фактори експериментальної еволюції організмів: Зб. наук. пр. — 2010. — Т. 8. — С. 278-282. — Бібліогр.: 8 назв. — англ. 2219-3782 https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/177564 en Інститут молекулярної біології і генетики НАН України Фактори експериментальної еволюції організмів Аналіз та оцінка генетичних ресурсів Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years Article published earlier |
| spellingShingle | Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years Rácz, F. Hidvégi, S. Szpke, C. Hadi, G. Pál, M. Marton, C.L. Аналіз та оцінка генетичних ресурсів |
| title | Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years |
| title_full | Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years |
| title_fullStr | Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years |
| title_short | Pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years |
| title_sort | pollen production of inbred maize lines in different years |
| topic | Аналіз та оцінка генетичних ресурсів |
| topic_facet | Аналіз та оцінка генетичних ресурсів |
| url | https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/177564 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raczf pollenproductionofinbredmaizelinesindifferentyears AT hidvegis pollenproductionofinbredmaizelinesindifferentyears AT szpkec pollenproductionofinbredmaizelinesindifferentyears AT hadig pollenproductionofinbredmaizelinesindifferentyears AT palm pollenproductionofinbredmaizelinesindifferentyears AT martoncl pollenproductionofinbredmaizelinesindifferentyears |