Неологізація лексики в час пандемії коронавірусу (на матеріалі інтернет-видань та соціальних мереж)

• Published in: Культура слова
• Date: 2020
• Main Author: Красавіна, В.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Інститут української мови НАН України 2020
• Subjects: Мова засобів масової комунікації
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/180229
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Неологізація лексики в час пандемії коронавірусу (на матеріалі інтернет-видань та соціальних мереж) / В. Красавіна // Культура слова. — 2020. — Вип. 92. — С. 203-215. — Бібліогр.: 12 назв. — укр.

У статті висвітлено неологізаційні процеси в лексичному
 складі сучасної української літературної мови. Проаналізовано
 причини виникнення новацій й основні шляхи поповнення лексичного
 фонду неологізмами, зокрема внаслідок запозичень з інших мов,
 шляхом словотворення та модифікації семантичного значення.
 Схарактеризовано структурні, семантичні та функціональні
 особливості нових слів у медіатекстах. Having spread around the world, the Covid-19 pandemic has caused
 an increase in the number of neologisms both in Ukrainian and in other
 languages. In the first place, it happened due to extralinguistic factors –
 specific features of the infectious disease itself as well as the unprecedented
 social practices which have become a new method of adaptation to the
 present day circumstances. Language has promptly reacted to large-scale
 changes in the world and the society: new words and word combinations
 denoting the phenomena, objects and notions unknown before have
 appeared; the modification of the semantics of certain common words has
 taken place; the sphere of usage of some specialized terms has broadened.
 Globalization processes and a tendency towards language unification
 have facilitated the spread of terms of international use, neolexemes,
 neomorphemes, which is indicative of the emergence of the common
 international vocabulary. English borrowings have been actively adopted
 due to the language practice of mass media (in particular, the electronic
 ones), which are dynamic and open to innovation, and, as is the case with
 social networks, enable the communication of a great number of people of
 various nationalities, ages and social status.
 Thus, neologisms are social markers of transformations, typical of the
 society in a globalized world. Renovation of the vocabulary is happening
 by means of adoption of foreignisms, predominantly of the English origin,
 international terms, which are replenishing terminology subsystems, in
 particular the ones of healthcare and administration, etc.; by means of
 word-formation using borrowed derivation tools; due to the activation
 of the processes of extending the semantics of already familiar words. A
 considerable amount of new words will not enter the general vocabulary as
 upon the conclusion of the Covid-19 pandemic they will be excluded from
 the active use and transferred to the corpus of historical words of the epoch
 which will become the evidence of the period of the quarantine measures
 and self-isolation of the citizens, and some words will be returned to a
 specialized sphere of use.