Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)

On 10 December 2018, the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Ukraine was proud to host an international conference in honour of two prominent figures in the field of philosophy and social sciences — Myroslav Popovich (1930-2018) and Natalia Panina (1949-2006). The theme of the conferen...

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Published in:Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг
Date:2019
Main Author: Maksymenko, O.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Iнститут соціології НАН України 2019
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Online Access:https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/182276
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Cite this:Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich) / O. Maksymenko // Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг. — 2019. — № 1. — С. 172-181. — англ.

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Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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author Maksymenko, O.
author_facet Maksymenko, O.
citation_txt Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich) / O. Maksymenko // Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг. — 2019. — № 1. — С. 172-181. — англ.
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container_title Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг
description On 10 December 2018, the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Ukraine was proud to host an international conference in honour of two prominent figures in the field of philosophy and social sciences — Myroslav Popovich (1930-2018) and Natalia Panina (1949-2006). The theme of the conference, “The sociology of the future and the future of sociology in the 21st century”, was supposed to elicit views about what the future may have in store for this discipline, what sociology will be like in the century called by a perceptive scholar Yevhen Golovakha as early as 2001 a century of “escalating anthropogenesis”, what sociologists will soon have to deal with and what they should do in order to gain and retain a competitive edge.
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fulltext На уч ная жизнь На уч ная жизнь НАУЧНАЯ ЖИЗНЬ Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich On 10 De cem ber 2018, the In sti tute of So ci ol ogy of the Na tional Acad emy of Ukraine was proud to host an in ter na tional con fer ence in hon our of two prom i nent fig - ures in the field of phi los o phy and so cial sci ences — Myroslav Popovich (1930–2018) and Natalia Panina (1949–2006). The theme of the con fer ence, “The so ci ol ogy of the fu ture and the fu ture of so ci ol ogy in the 21st cen tury”, was sup posed to elicit views about what the fu ture may have in store for this dis ci pline, what so ci ol ogy will be like in the cen tury called by a per cep tive scholar Yevhen Golovakha as early as 2001 a cen tury of “es ca lat ing anthropogenesis”, what so ci ol o gists will soon have to deal with and what they should do in or der to gain and re tain a com pet i tive edge. Ukrai nian So cio log i cal As so ci a tion and Natalia Panina So cio log i cal Cen tre were co-or gan is ers of this special event. Open ing the ple nary ses sion of the con fer ence, Valerii Vorona, Di rec tor of the In sti - tute of So ci ol ogy and Ac a de mi cian of the Na tional Acad emy of Sci ences of Ukraine, to - gether with Vil Bakirov, Chan cel lor of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv Na tional Uni ver sity and Pres i dent of Ukrai nian So cio log i cal As so ci a tion, cor dially greeted the par tic i pants and guests, wished the con fer ence a great suc cess and ex pressed grat i tude to all those who had worked hard to make the event hap pen. The con fer ence, also known as the In ter na tional So cio log i cal Read ings in mem ory of Natalia Panina, has been held an nu ally since 2007 on the same date — on the an ni ver sary of her birth, which (per haps not for tu itously) co in cides with the In ter na tional Hu man Rights Day. But “this time”, as Dr Vorona noted, “the In sti tute has brought to gether so ci - ol o gists and phi los o phers to pay hom age to an other ac claimed scholar as well — Myroslav Popovich, who, be ing a phi los o pher, also showed a gen u ine in ter est in so ci ol ogy and had sub stan tially con trib uted to the revival of this realm of scientific knowledge”. Both Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich were out stand ing per son al i ties, re cog - nised and re spected far be yond their home land. Both of them were — and con tinue to be — ad mired for their ex traor di nary tal ent, ded i ca tion and in teg rity. They took part in nu mer - ous re search pro jects, authored and co-authored doz ens of books and re search pa pers, gave count less in ter views to the press and broad cast me dia. Their com mit ment and pro - fes sion al ism were re cog nised with spe cial awards: Natalia Panina was awarded the State Prize in Sci ence and Tech nol ogy, while Myroslav Popovich was hon oured with the Or der of Prince Yaroslav the Wise and with the rank of Che va lier of the Légion d’Honneur. And their ef forts paved the way for the sociology as we know it today. It would be no ex ag ger a tion to say that so ci ol ogy of post-So viet Ukraine (at least, its “core” whose task is to give a true pic ture of to day’s so ci ety by study ing pub lic opin ion) owes its very ex is tence to Natalia Panina. At the dawn of Ukraine’s in de pend ence, to - gether with a few like-minded en thu si asts such as Volodymyr Paniotto, who is cur rently the Di rec tor Gen eral of Kyiv In ter na tional In sti tute of So ci ol ogy, Mykola Churylov, who has been head ing up “Tay lor Nel son Sofres Ukraine” for many years, and Yevhen Golo - 172 Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1  O. Maksymenko, 2019 vakha, pres ently Dep uty Di rec tor of the In sti tute of So ci ol ogy, who was also her life long com pan ion, Dr Panina de vel oped a set of con cepts and re search tech niques in or der to sci - en tif i cally ana lyse a so ci ety un der go ing ma jor trans for ma tions. How ever, to put these trailblazing ideas into prac tice, the re search ers had plenty of work to do. First, there was no ef fi cient re pub lic-wide net work of in ter view ers op er at ing on a reg u lar ba sis at that time. There were no guide lines for build ing a sam ple rep re sen ta tive of Ukraine’s pop u la - tion ei ther. Most so ci ol o gists had not as yet car ried out a rep re sen ta tive sur vey on their own; be sides, they had not grad u ated in so ci ol ogy (it was not un til the mid-1980s that the first so ci ol ogy de part ments within uni ver si ties were set up). To fill these gaps, Natalia Panina and col leagues adapted a set of sam pling tech niques for pro spec tive use in Ukraine and trained a team of fieldworkers and su per vi sors. Thus, na tion wide so cial sur veys were started. It was de cided to con duct them an nu ally in or der to re cord and ana lyse the changes in key so cial in di ca tors. The pro ject known as “Ukrai nian so ci ety: the mon i tor ing of social changes” came into being in 1992 and shortly afterwards united sociologists from around Ukraine. The sur vey re sults have been pub lished not only in mono graphs and rep u ta ble ac a - demic jour nals but also in au thor i ta tive me dia out lets. Many of the In sti tute’s re search ers have been fre quent guests on ra dio and TV programmes — so that both the rel e vant au - thor i ties and the gen eral pub lic could get fa mil iar with their find ings. Un doubt edly, they re mem ber Natalia Panina’s in sight ful in struc tions on how to com mu ni cate pro fes sion ally with jour nal ists and present the data to the public. Be ing an ex cep tion ally skil ful and ded i cated scholar, Dr Panina at tached the ut most im por tance to pro fes sion al ism and good rep u ta tion, ut terly op pos ing ev ery thing that even slightly re sem bled re search mis con duct. She elab o rated and pro moted “The code of pro fes sional eth ics for so ci ol o gists”, which was ap proved by the 5th Con gress of Ukrai nian So cio log i cal As so ci a tion in 2004. In ad di tion, Natalia Panina suc cess fully col lab o rated with so cial sci en tists from the USA (Stony Brook Uni ver sity), Ger many, Po land, Hun - gary, Rus sia (Levada An a lyt i cal Cen tre), France, etc. As Evelyn J. Bromet, Pro fes sor of Psy chi a try and Pre ven tive Med i cine at Stony Brook Uni ver sity pointed out, “it is sim ply as ton ish ing that one investigator could have had such enormous foresight and influence on her field”. Sim i larly, Myroslav Popovich’s con tri bu tion to the na tional sci ence is in es ti ma ble too. And his ver sa til ity is in deed in cred i ble. He ex plored an im mense va ri ety of top ics and pub lished the re sults of his in qui ries in about 400 schol arly works, in clud ing mono graphs. “The world view of an cient Slavs” (1985), “Mykola Hohol” (1989), “Ukraine and Eu rope: the right and the left” (1996), “Es says on the his tory of Ukrai nian cul ture” (1998), “The red cen - tury” (2005), “Hryhorii Skovoroda: the phi los o phy of free dom” (2008) and “Be ing a hu man” (2011) are the most fa mous among them. Talk ing about “The red cen tury” book, Anatolii Yermolenko, Di rec tor of H. S. Skovoroda In sti tute of Phi los o phy of the Na tional Acad - emy of Sci ences of Ukraine, emphasised that it is not only an ex haus tive study of the past cen tury from a his tor i cal stand point but also a con cise encyclopaedia of pho bias, draw - backs, di ver gences and la tent threats which re sulted in count less vic tims. “If you had time to read only one book on the his tory of com mu nism”, added Dr Yermolenko, “this book would be the best choice. ‘The red cen tury’ ex plores that tragic ep och in de tail, but at the same time it does not re quire any spe cial knowl edge of the sub ject. It is ac ces si ble to ev ery - one re gard less of their in ter ests or ed u ca tional back ground”. As for Myroslav Popovich’s an other work, “Hryhorii Skovoroda: the phi los o phy of free dom”, it aimed to por tray this philo soph i cal ge nius in a dif fer ent light. A re mark ably open-minded writer, Dr. Popovich was strongly op posed to the idea of “canon is ing” this per son (as well as any body else), which used to be a com mon prac tice in the So viet Un ion. Ac tu ally, the phi los o phy of free dom was the prin ci ple that M. Popovich him self faith - fully fol lowed through out his life. He never fit ted the mould of a typ i cal So viet scholar. Need less to say, think ing and speak ing freely in a re pres sive, dogma-bur dened so ci ety like Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 173 На уч ная жизнь the So viet one was quite chal leng ing, if ever pos si ble. But in teg rity, ma tu rity and per se - ver ance (or what the Pres i dent of Ukrai nian Philo soph i cal Foun da tion Serhii Proleiev re ferred to as “the cour age to use your own rea son”1) stopped him from turn ing away from the cho sen path. And what else set M. Popovich apart was his ev er last ing com mit - ment to core hu man is tic val ues: free dom, hon esty, re spon si bil ity and jus tice. As said at the be gin ning of this ar ti cle, Dr Popovich had a keen in ter est in so cial sci - ences, so ci ol ogy in par tic u lar. He as pired to re vive this area of knowl edge in Ukraine as early as the 1960s and put his as pi ra tions into ac tion by head ing up a newly founded department at the In sti tute of Phi los o phy, which fo cused on the meth od ol ogy, meth ods and tech niques of so cial re search. Myroslav Popovich held the post for three years (1967–1969) and launched a se ries of dis cus sions on such is sues as de sign ing a the o ret i cal and meth od olog i cal frame work for ap plied so cial re search, car ry ing out a so cio log i cal sur - vey at in dus trial en ter prises, putt ing for ward and ver i fy ing a hy poth e sis in so cio log i cal re - search, etc. In a sense, the de part ment was the fore run ner of the In sti tute of Sociology, which has been a full-fledged academic institution since November 1990. Just as M. Popovich was an in de fat i ga ble re searcher and a man of mas sive er u di tion, so too he took a very ac tive part in Ukraine’s po lit i cal life. In 1989, in the times when the Com mu nist Party was the only one al lowed by law, he be came a co-founder of the Pop u lar Move ment of Ukraine (Narodnyi Rukh) and was closely in volved in the draft ing of guid - ing prin ci ples for this or gani sa tion. He was also one of the mem bers of the First De cem ber pub lic in ter est group es tab lished in 2011 on the 20th an ni ver sary of the referendum on Ukraine’s independence. Myroslav Popovich was a true pa triot — yet he never en dorsed Ukraine’s in de pend - ence in a man ner which could have dis cour aged those to whom the idea of liv ing in a sov er - eign state was un fa mil iar. He was fre quently seen in Maidan dur ing the Or ange Rev o lu - tion in 2004–2005 and the Rev o lu tion of Dig nity in 2013–2014. Later, in 2015, M. Po - povich wrote: “Maidan is far more than just an over throw of the gov ern ment... Un like, for ex am ple, the Rev o lu tion on Gran ite in 1990, which ended with a mere re place ment of one gov ern ment with an other, Maidan has changed Ukraine’s po lit i cal or der. And this will never be re versed”2. He passed away on 10 Feb ru ary 2018, leav ing an in valu able sci en tific leg acy. A few days later, the Pres i dent of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko post hu mously be stowed the Medal of Free dom upon Dr Popovich “for out stand ing ac com plish ments in the es tab lish - ment of Ukraine’s sov er eignty and in de pend ence, con sol i da tion of Ukrai nian so ci ety and de vel op ment of de moc racy, for long and pro duc tive academic and sociopolitical activity”. Hav ing in tro duced the au di ence to some key facts of the life of this re mark able phi - los o pher and thinker, Dr Proleiev once again un der lined that both Myroslav Popovich’s and Natalia Panina’s works had marked a new era for Ukrai nian sci ence and would al ways be of ben e fit to the whole Ukrai nian na tion. “Unarguably, they will in spire many gen er a - tions to come”, he concluded. Then it was the other key note speak ers’ turn to walk up to the lec tern and share their ideas and find ings. Olga Kutsenko, Head of the De part ment of So cial Struc tures and So - cial Re la tions of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy (Taras Shevchenko Na tional Uni ver sity of Kyiv) de liv ered a speech ti tled “The fu ture of so ci ol ogy from the per spec tive of the 19th ISA World Con gress”. The Con gress, which took place in To ronto on 15–21 July 2018, in vited about 5,800 so cial sci en tists and prac ti tio ners from 101 coun tries in or der to dis cuss the most press ing prob lems of our time and work out fea si ble so lu tions. The slo gan 174 Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 На уч ная жизнь 1 A quotation from Immanuel Kant. 2 For more detail see: Patriotism without nationalism: Ukraine bids farewell to philosopher Myroslav Popovych. Ukraine Crisis Media Center (2018, February 16). Retrieved from http://uacrisis.org/64546-patriotism-without-nationalism-myroslav-popovych. of this flag ship event, “Power, vi o lence and jus tice: re flec tions, re sponses and re spon si bil i - ties”, spoke for it self. As the then Pres i dent of the In ter na tional So cio log i cal As so ci a tion Mar ga ret Abra ham1 pointed out, “so ci ol o gists have been con cerned with power, vi o lence and jus tice since the in cep tion of the dis ci pline”. These phe nom ena have al ways left an in - del i ble im print on so ci ety and im pacted hu man lives in mul ti ple ways. How ever, dif fer ent coun tries (and cul tures) have a dif fer ent un der stand ing of power and vi o lence and dif fer - ently re spond to them. Hence, one of the aims of the Con gress was to look from a new an gle at the struc tural di men sions of power and vi o lence, as well as at the ma jor socio-his tor i cal in sti tu tions through which they op er ate. The par tic i pants were also seek ing an swers to such ques tions as how power flows through these in sti tu tions, what are their con tra dic - tions and fault lines, why “anormative so cial reg u la tion now dom i nates so cial con trol” (M. Ar cher), where and how we can ex pect hu man agency and emerg ing strug gles for jus - tice to be po ten tially suc cess ful. Re cent years have been marked by “bur geon ing au thor i tar i an ism”, ex treme in sta bil - ity and in ten si fy ing en mi ties. New geopolitical power con fig u ra tions and con fron ta tions are emerg ing, with vi o lence be ing used as a tool to op press and also to re sist op pres sion. So ci ol o gist feel com pelled to re visit re search top ics and bring to the fore front such is sues as forced mi gra tion and dis place ment, dis pos ses sion, land ap pro pri a tion, race- and gen - der-based crimes, “brutalisation of pol i tics and so ci ety” (G. Mosse), move ments for so cial jus tice and even, as Randall Col lins once put it, “sym bi o sis of ter ror ist tac tics and high tech”. By the same to ken, re search pat terns are also needed to be changed: schol ars will have to climb down “from the tower of ac a de mia” and mod ify their “chan nels of com mu ni - cat ing”, clar ify their “find ings and in sights into a man ner that can be heard”, “engage in collective action to build a better and more just world” (M. Abraham). As for over all vi sion of the fu ture of so ci ol ogy, this realm of knowl edge should (quite expectedly) be global, in clu sive and at the same time take lo cal con texts into con sid er - ation. Hence, in dig e nous knowl edge, which used to be pe riph eral to this dis ci pline, will con tinue to gain in im por tance. In turn, this in volves what has re cently been termed “de - colo ni sa tion of so ci ol ogy” (Z. Zevallos), a shift “from the West to the rest” (M. Abra ham), “eman ci pa tion from West ern knowl edge pro duc tion he ge mony” (S. Hanafi) and elab o ra - tion of a “so cio log i cal the ory be yond the canon” (S. Alatas and V. Sinha). The newly elected ISA Pres i dent Sari Hanafi also pro posed that so ci ol o gists from dif fer ent coun tries strive for di a logue, in stead of ad her ing to “an tag o nis tic binary categories” (like tra di - tion/modernity or East/West). The fu ture of so ci ol ogy is im pos si ble to imag ine with out con sid er ing the very ba sics of this dis ci pline. These are meth ods of em pir i cal re search whose sta ple is a sam ple sur - vey. The his tory of this tech nique can be traced back to the 1824 United States pres i den - tial elec tion, when “The Har ris burg Penn syl va nian” news pa per un der took the first-ever pub lic opin ion poll, now known as a “straw vote”2, or, more for mally, as non-prob a bil ity sam pling. Roughly speak ing, straw polls were a crude ver sion of the mod ern pub lic opin - ion sur vey. The straw poll era lasted for over 100 years — un til 1936, the year when the na - tional poll or gan ised by George Gal lup cor rectly pre dicted the out come of the pres i den - tial elec tion, whereas the fore cast made by “Lit er ary Di gest”, an in flu en tial weekly mag a - zine of the time, turned out to be fla grantly wrong. In fact, what helped G. Gal lup ob tain ac cu rate re sults was a novel poll ing tech nique based on a na tion ally rep re sen ta tive sam - ple. From then on wards, pub lic opin ion polls were car ried out reg u larly, and they cov ered a lot of sub jects apart from Amer i cans’ elec toral pref er ences. For in stance, Gal lup in ter - Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 175 На уч ная жизнь 1 Since 1949 (the year when the ISA was founded), its presidents have served three- or four-year terms from one World Congress to the next. 2 “The American heritage dictionary of idioms” explains that “straw poll” alludes to a straw used to show in what direction the wind blows, in this case the wind of public opinion. view ers were ask ing about war time ra tions in the 1940s, about the Ko rean War in the 1950s, civil rights ri ots in the 1960s and the Wa ter gate scan dal in the 1970s. Con sumer be hav iour was also stud ied by means of pub lic opin ion sur veys. Face-to-face (F2F) in ter - view had been the fun da men tal so cial sur vey tech nique for de cades. How ever, a dis qui et - ing trend ap peared in the early 1990s: the per cent age of re spon dents will ing to par tic i pate in sur veys be gan to fall. Low re sponse rates were at trib uted to dif fer ent fac tors: from the “re spon dent fa tigue” phe nom e non to phys i cal bar ri ers (like gated entryways), which ham pered in ter view ers’ work. F2F was grad u ally be ing re placed by other meth ods: computer-assisted tele phone in ter view ing (CATI), com puter-as sisted self-in ter view ing (CASI)1 and on line sur veys. More or less, they have proved their use ful ness. In Ukraine, as men tioned ear lier, pub lic opin ion polls had not been carried out before 1992. Yet, Ukrainian researchers have quickly caught up with their Western counterparts, and today social surveys are being conducted on a massive scale. Hav ing given an in for ma tive pic ture of the evo lu tion of so cial sur vey meth ods, Volodymyr Paniotto, Pro fes sor at the So ci ol ogy De part ment of the Fac ulty of So cial Sci - ences and So cial Tech nol o gies (Na tional Uni ver sity of “Kyiv-Mohyla Acad emy”), made the au di ence fa mil iar with some of the state-of-the-art tech niques that are widely ap plied in mar ket ing re search, such as eye track ing (ex plor ing con sum ers’ vi sual be hav iour through mea sur ing their eye ac tiv ity) and fa cial cod ing (cap tur ing fa cial mus cle move - ments that cor re spond to a dis played emo tion and thereby mea sur ing emo tional re sponse to a prod uct)2. He also talked of Big Data, or large, dy namic and com plex data sets con - tain ing a wealth of in for ma tion, which are of ten seen as a ma jor com pet i tor of con ven - tional sur veys. Nat u rally, tech no log i cal ad vances will en able the emer gence of ever more so phis ti cated re search meth ods, and many of them will prob a bly yield in stant re sults. How ever, Dr Paniotto does not think that tra di tional pub lic opin ion sur veys will van ish soon. In his view, the most es sen tial change will in volve com min gling the data that they pro duce with the in for ma tion from other sources (in clud ing Big Data). There fore, new ap proaches to blend ing sur vey and non-sur vey data, as well as new guide lines for re spon - dent re cruit ment and prin ci ples of re search eth ics should be elab o rated. The next pre senter was Slawomira Gruszewska, Pro fes sor at the Uni ver sity of Szczecin (Po land). Apart from study ing post-com mu nist so ci et ies in com par a tive per - spec tive, Dr. Gruszewska is also re cog nised as a psy chol o gist and a so cial worker. Her lat - est book “Dar dna” (“The gift of the bot tom”) is both a col lec tion of mov ing sto ries told by peo ple who had to suf fer var i ous hard ships and a de scrip tion of psy cho log i cal treat ments pro vided to those peo ple. The fo cus of S. Gruszewska’s speech was on the tasks that so ci - ol o gists and psy chol o gists are sup posed to per form in a so ci ety where hi er ar chy of so - cial and eth i cal val ues (good fi nan cial stand ing, knowl edge, cul tural bag gage, health, fam - ily, friends, em pa thy, in di vid u al ism, etc.) is con sid er ably chang ing. The ple nary meet ing con cluded with the pre sen ta tion “The so ci ol ogy of un der - stand ing: from a sci ence with out a fu ture to the sci ence for the fu ture” given by Oksana Dutchak, PhD Stu dent at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the Fac ulty of Socio - logy and Law (Na tional Tech ni cal Uni ver sity of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Poly tech - nic In sti tute”), who is also the win ner of the 2017 Natalia Panina Prize. The main points that were touched upon in cluded the role of pub lic so ci ol ogy in shap ing col lec tive con - 176 Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 На уч ная жизнь 1 According to the “Encyclopaedia of survey research methods”, computer assisted self- interviewing (CASI) is a technique for survey data collection in which the respondent uses a computer to complete the survey questionnaire without an interviewer administering it to the respondent. A primary rationale for CASI is that some questions are so sensitive that if researchers hope to obtain an accurate answer, respondents must use a highly confidential method of responding. 2 Both techniques require special hard- and software. scious ness and fight ing “vul gar” in di vid u al ism in so ci ety, as well as the ne ces sity of bridg - ing the gap be tween schol ar ship and so cial ac tiv ism. The sec ond part of the con fer ence com menced with a short but ef fec tive wel come speech by Oleksandr Stegnii, Vice Chair of the “Ju nior So ci ol o gist of the Year” Con test Jury, Lead ing Re search Fel low of the De part ment of Meth od ol ogy and Meth ods of So ci o - l ogy (In sti tute of So ci ol ogy of the NAS of Ukraine). First of all, Dr Stegnii ap pre ci ated the con tes tants’ hard work, cre ativ ity and in ter est in the event. Then he briefly traced the his tory of the con test. He re minded the au di ence that Natalia Panina had been highly sup - port ive of young re search ers, which is why the “Ju nior So ci ol o gist of the Year” had orig i - nally been de signed to hon our her sup port and en cour age ment of so ci ol o gists at the start of their ca reers. “The Natalia Panina Prize is not an award es tab lished by the gov ern ment, it is the first award in Ukraine ini ti ated by an ac a demic com mu nity”, un der scored Dr Stegnii. Pavlo Kutuev, Head of the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy and Law at the Na tional Tech ni cal Uni ver sity of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Poly tech - nic In sti tute”, added that “young schol ars have al ways dem on strated a pas sion ate in ter est in the event”. Over all, above 100 so ci ol o gists, from both Ukraine and abroad (in clud ing Ger many and Tur key), have sub mit ted their es says since 2007 — the year when the con - test was held for the first time. In 2018, twelve tal ented and en thu si as tic young re search ers from Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv and Mykolaiv took part in the con test. Al though their es says were cen tred around the one topic as signed by the Jury (which ought to be closely re lated to the theme of the con fer ence), they cov ered a wide range of is sues, from hu man and non-hu man so cial ac - tors1 (B. Dykan) to the ne ces sity of re vis ing the ex ist ing class schemes and choos ing dif - fer ent clas si fi ca tion cri te ria, e. g. moral prin ci ples (A. Tashchenko). The con tes tants’ opin ions on the role of so ci ol ogy in so ci ety and its pros pects (even in the short run) also fairly diverged. Any way, be fore re flect ing on the fu ture of so ci ol ogy it makes sense to ana lyse the pres ent state of this area of knowl edge. From now on, as Oleksandr Holikov puts it, “so ci - ol ogy must not ig nore its po si tion ing in the space of the so cial”. Sociopolitical con text — in other words, what makes one so ci ety or state dif fer ent from the other — is cru cial. So ci - o l ogy has no fu ture if it does not “take on board” (and with out any res er va tion) such pow - er ful artefacts of hu man thought as “free dom”, “alien ation”, “society”, “complexity”, etc. Talk ing about the cur rent state of Ukrai nian so ci ol ogy, the young re search ers drew at ten tion to a num ber of prob lems. For in stance, Oksana Kovtun fo cused on what is lack - ing in Ukraine’s pres ent higher ed u ca tion sys tem (in par tic u lar, when it co mes to the teach ing of so ci ol ogy) and what we our selves can do to bridge “the gap be tween uni ver sity and the real world”. Tymofii Brik added that he is firmly against the idea of ex plain ing the his tory of so ci ol ogy to stu dents as “a path from one cri sis to the next”. In his view, such drama tis ation is no good for this dis ci pline. So ci ol o gists, by def i ni tion, should com pre - hen sively study so ci ety and ful fil their po ten tial as re search ers. Of course, they should con tin u ously de velop their cre ativ ity. But it does not mean that ev ery sin gle day they should take on the task of “build ing up or res cu ing” so ci ol ogy. He be lieves it would be better for this discipline to “become a little more cheerful and less pompous”. Par tic u lar at ten tion was given to the ap plied strand of so ci ol ogy, i. e. pub lic opin ion re search. In this re gard, Bohdan Bondarets ex pressed con cern that both the gen eral pub - lic and even ac a demic com mu ni ties (es pe cially in the post-So viet space) think of so ci ol - ogy as a mere se ries of pub lic opin ion sur veys and un duly re duce the avail able rep er toire of re search meth ods to the gath er ing of em pir i cal ev i dence by us ing a ques tion naire. He stressed that so ci ol ogy needs to get rid of this “demoscopic bias”, and so ci ol o gists ought to learn how to de velop and for mu late the o ries that ad e quately de scribe so cial re al ity. Oksana Kovtun, by con trast, is en tirely con vinced that “so ci ol o gists won’t be suc cess ful Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 177 На уч ная жизнь 1 As they are called in actor-network theory. un til they have de signed hun dreds of sam ples, until they have travelled dozens of routes to interview hundreds of people”. Cer tainly, con duct ing a so cial sur vey in com pli ance with all rules — from con struct - ing a rep re sen ta tive sam ple to train ing in ter view ers — calls for a lot of ef fort, re spon si bil - ity, as well as pro fes sional knowl edge and skills. A well-es tab lished tra di tion of pub lic opin ion re search is one of the strengths of Ukrai nian so ci ol ogy, and it should not go un no - ticed. “A full-fledged school of pub lic opin ion stud ies has al ready been formed in Ukrai - ne”, points out Tymofii Brik. Yet, as he iron i cally con cludes, “we rarely, if ever, talk about this in pub lic — “per haps for fear of being regarded only as pollsters”. Most of the young re search ers are quite sure that the fur ther de vel op ment of na tional so ci ol ogy is closely linked to the ac tive in volve ment of Ukrai nian so cial sci en tists in cross-na tional and cross-dis ci plin ary pro jects. How ever, col lab o ra tion with re search ers from other fields may not be al ways ben e fi cial to so ci ol ogy. A case in point is the “in ter - ven tion” (as Danylo Sudyn char ac ter ised it) of phys i cists into this dis ci pline and their at - tempts to ex plain so cial phe nom ena us ing mod els which tra di tion ally de scribe nat u ral pro cesses. These at tempts, in ad di tion to be ing un ten a ble (since so cial and nat u ral phe - nom ena are com pletely dif fer ent things and there fore can not be ana lysed with the same method), throw so ci ol ogy back to the time of vo lu mi nous dis putes be tween pro po nents of Geistwissenschaften (“the sci ences of spirit”) and Naturwissenshaften (“nat u ral sci en - ces”), wit nessed by 19th-cen tury Ger man in tel lec tual cir cles. In fact, D. Sudyn is fairly apprehensive that sociology will eventually lose its position in the system of social sciences. He drew the au di ence’s at ten tion to an other wor ri some trend, which re ally puts so ci - ol ogy in jeop ardy — when so cio log i cal re search is com mis sioned to (or vol un tarily un der - taken by) laypeople, who, as the name im plies, do not pos sess the rel e vant knowl edge and skills. Such “re search ers” get the wrong re sults, which are, none the less, com mu ni cated to the pub lic. The sad den ing out come is a dis torted pic ture of so cial re al ity and undermined trust in sociology. Well, what can so ci ol o gists do in or der not to let them selves be “pushed” to the fringe? T. Brik sug gests that they should com mu ni cate to as many au di ences as pos si ble, es tab lish good con tacts with dif fer ent so cial groups which are able to “cre ate in tu itively so cio log i cal nar ra tives” and “gen er ate de mand for co her ent so cial the o ries”. They also should take greater ad van tage of par tic i pant ob ser va tion for study ing var i ous so cial events and prac tices. An other task is re think ing clas si cal so cio log i cal the o ries — the ex - tent to which they could be ap pli ca ble in to day’s world. “Now a days, when tech nol ogy has be come a nat u ral part of our life, we can eas ily mas ter new re search tech niques”, says Brik. “Like wise, we have ac cess to sta tis ti cal da ta bases. We take these op por tu ni ties for granted and do not ask our selves, for ex am ple, whether Max Weber would have come to the same con clu sion about the dif fer ence be tween Cath o lics and Prot es tants if he were alive and could make use of sta tis tics. We do not re flect on whether he would have for mu - lated his well-known hy poth e sis about the link be tween Prot es tant ism and eco nomic pros per ity in the same way. We tend to stick to clas si cal the o ries in stead of look ing at them through the lens of pres ent-day reality and delineating new research problems”. Nevertheless, revisiting a theory does not mean that we must refute it. Ob vi ously, the so ci ol ogy of the fu ture will al most wholly rely on ad vanced tech nol - ogy. On the one hand, this gives grounds for some op ti mism. As D. Sudyn aptly ob served, “tech ni cal prog ress has made us be lieve that the fu ture is an en hanced ver sion of the pres - ent”. On the other hand, the on go ing ex pan sion of in for ma tion tech nol ogy and its pres - ence in ev ery area of hu man life (in clud ing sci en tific re search) pose a se ri ous chal lenge to so ci ol ogy. In fact, its abil ity to pre dict the future of society is already being tested. There is no gain say ing the im pact of tech nol ogy on hu man re la tion ships ei ther. In that re gard, Tetiana Stetsenko raised the is sue of “lone li ness” and “peo ple’s in abil ity to com mu ni cate ef fec tively”. What is more, quite a few of us are un able to “cre ate in for mal 178 Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 На уч ная жизнь groups and work to gether to wards a com mon goal”. This sounds strange, if not out right par a dox i cal, given that the lat est in ven tions, the Internet in par tic u lar, of fer abun dant op - por tu ni ties for co op er a tion. But this re veals an other prob lem de fined by T. Stetsenko as “slow ad ap ta tion of pub lic con scious ness to the out comes of tech no log i cal in no va tions”. There are count less sci en tific dis cov er ies and tech no log i cal achieve ments that we hu - mans can take pride in. At the same time, we have not cre ated any thing note wor thy in terms of in ter per sonal re la tion ships. We have not made any prog ress in the so cial sphere ei ther. Dis cuss ing the sub ject of cut ting-edge tech nol ogy and its ever-in creas ing role in to day’s so ci ety, Anna Tashchenko talked of “techno-op ti mists”, who ad vo cate the use of ar ti fi cial in tel li gence in the fi nance and bank ing sec tor, as well as in le gal pro ceed ings. They con sider it nec es sary to re place hu man em ploy ees with ro bots in these in sti tu tions mainly be cause the lat ter do not en joy trust and respect from people any longer. Needless to say, phenomena like this ought to be spotted and analysed by sociologists. In ves ti gat ing into new so cial phe nom ena def i nitely re quires new spe cial skills, par - tic u larly those re lated to pro cess ing ever-grow ing amounts of in for ma tion col lected from a va ri ety of sources. A case in point is the above-men tioned Big Data. To ana lyse their con tent, new tech niques and ap proaches are needed. The ap pli ca bil ity of Big Data to con - ven tional re search meth od ol ogy is the is sue that has oc cu pied the minds of the vast ma jor - ity of ex perts and sparked off nu mer ous de bates. The most fer vent pro po nents of Big Data tech nol o gies are try ing to per suade “the rest” to do away with tra di tional meth ods such as so cial sur vey be cause it takes time and has lim i ta tions. They de pict Big Data anal y sis as a rev o lu tion in so cial sci ences, which prom ises huge op por tu ni ties to re search ers be cause it is ca pa ble of track ing an in di vid ual’s rou tine ac tiv i ties at any time (with out a need to com - mu ni cate with them di rectly) and thereby al lows over com ing the lim i ta tions of tra di - tional sur veys. Yet, how ever rev o lu tion ary it may seem, Big Data is no sub sti tute for con - ven tional re search meth ods — since, as D. Sudyn puts it, only some of our ac tiv i ties can be re corded with this tech nique, namely those leav ing a digital footprint (e. g. online purchases). Besides, Big Data cannot explain the underlying motivation of our actions. Nev er the less, the young schol ars real ise that rapid digitalisation and pro lif er a tion of new tech nol o gies will soon bring about sub stan tial (and maybe even dra matic) changes in re search meth od ol ogy and prac tice. At the same time, they are some what wor ried that the next gen er a tions of so ci ol o gists might be “dis con nected” from the con tri bu tion of their pre de ces sors who did not have much ex pe ri ence of living in a digital world. Clearly, in a world where “in clu sion and ex clu sion” will be come “a uni ver sal code of the sys tem” (O. Holikov) this “well-equipped” so ci ol ogy will have to as sume far more re - spon si bil ity for the state of so ci ety than it used to. For this rea son, views on both the role of so cial re search and the use of re search find ings should be changed. Still be ing the heart of ap plied so ci ol ogy, so cial sur vey should “turn from a tool for ob tain ing em pir i cal data into a means of pro vok ing pos i tive changes in so ci ety” (I. Kozlova), which im plies the wide use of so cio log i cal data in pol icy-mak ing — ex actly what An thony Giddens char ac - ter ised as “a deep en ing in volve ment of so ci ol ogy with the formation of practical social policies and reforms”. Af ter the pre sen ta tions, there was a round-ta ble dis cus sion as to whether (and how) 21st-cen tury so ci ol ogy could be uni ver sal and what as sign ments should pro spec tive so ci - ol o gists set to them selves. Andrii Horbachyk, Dean of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy (Taras Shevchenko Na tional Uni ver sity of Kyiv), Olena Lisiienko, Pro fes sor at the De part ment of Phi los o phy, So ci ol ogy and Man age ment of Sociocultural Ac tiv i ties at K. D. Ushynsky South Ukrai nian Na tional Ped a gog i cal Uni ver sity (Odesa), Svitlana Khutka, Ex ec u tive Ac a demic Di rec tor of Na tional Re search Cen tre “So cial In di ca tors” and twice (in 2010 and 2012–2013) the “Ju nior So ci ol o gist of the Year” sec ond prize win ner, Tetiana Bahaieva, a rep re sen ta tive of Bounty SCA Ukraine, and Olena Zlobina, Head of the De - part ment of So cial Psy chol ogy (In sti tute of So ci ol ogy of the NAS of Ukraine) were among those joining the discussion and airing their views. Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 179 На уч ная жизнь Then fol lowed the most ex cit ing bit: Yevhen Golovakha, Anatolii Yermolenko and Volodymyr Paniotto, who is also a co-founder of Natalia Panina So cio log i cal Cen tre, an - nounced the honourees. Tymofii Brik, As sis tant Pro fes sor at Kyiv School of Eco nom ics and Chair man of the Su per vi sory Board of the An a lyt i cal Cen tre CEDOS, won first prize for a top-notch and op ti mis tic es say “Mills on a mo tor bike”, in which he set forth his views on is sues that should be pri mar ily ad dressed by so cial sci en tists and also stressed the im - por tance of de vel op ing so cio log i cal imag i na tion1. Sec ond prize went to Danylo Sudyn, As so ci ate Pro fes sor at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the Fac ulty of So cial Sci ences at Ukrai nian Cath o lic Uni ver sity (Lviv). As men tioned pre vi ously, D. Sudyn is con cerned that so ci ol ogy will be “taken over” by nat u ral sci ences; to be more pre cise, by re search ers from that field who over look (or ig nore) the com plex na ture of so cial phe nom ena and at - tempt to use in ap pro pri ate meth ods for their ex pla na tion. Not un ex pect edly, the ti tle of Sudyn’s es say, “So ci ol ogy in the 21st cen tury: Is it likely to die at the hands of beha viou - rism and nat u ral sci ences?”, is an ac cu rate re flec tion of his con cerns. Third prize was shared be tween Alina Kalashnikova, Se nior Lec turer at the De part ment of Ap plied So ci - ol ogy and So cial Com mu ni ca tions of the So cio log i cal Fac ulty of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv Na tional Uni ver sity, and Oleksandr Holikov, As so ci ate Pro fes sor at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the same uni ver sity, for their thought-pro vok ing (al beit some what down - beat) es says “The il lu sion of a fu ture” and “Il lu sions of the fu ture of an il lu sion”. Oksana Kovtun, Na tional Co or di na tor of the Biobehavioural Stud ies at the Cen tre for Pub lic Health of the Min is try of Health of Ukraine (Kyiv) was awarded the Iryna Popova Prize. This spe cial prize was es tab lished in hon our of Iryna Popova (1931–2008), a dis tin - guished Ukrai nian scholar, who is con sid ered to be a founder of the Odesa School of So ci - ol ogy. O. Kovtun’s es say (“Be cou ra geous and open to change”) was re cog nised as hav ing so cial and prac ti cal sig nif i cance. In 2018, Ukrai nian philo soph i cal com mu nity launched the prize in hon our of Myro - slav Popovich. Oleksii Viedrov, a re search fel low at the De part ment of So cial Phi los o phy (H. S. Skovoroda In sti tute of Phi los o phy of the Na tional Acad emy of Sci ences of Ukrai - ne), be came the first re cip i ent of this prize for a com pre hen sive mono graph “So cial sci - ences and so cial prog ress: epistemological and eth i cal un der pin nings of so cial sci ences from the per spec tive of the phi los o phy of com mu ni ca tion”. Clos ing the con fer ence, Yevhen Golovakha con grat u lated the win ners and the run - ners-up and wished them suc cess in their endeavour. He also thanked all the par tic i pants for their tire less com mit ment and con tin ued support. Below are the essays submitted by the rest of the “2018 Junior Sociologist of the Year” contestants: “The role of the state and civil so ci ety in re solv ing a con flict in East ern Ukraine: Look ing to the fu ture” (Andrii Bahinskyi, Se nior Lec turer at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy and Law, Na tional Tech ni cal Uni ver sity of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Poly tech nic Institute”) “Re flec tions on the past and the fu ture, or why so ci ol ogy is not a demoscopy” (Bohdan Bondarets, Lec turer at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy of Petro Mohyla Black Sea Na tional Uni ver sity, Mykolaiv) “The so ci ol ogy of the fu ture: Is it likely to be a gadgetology?” (Bohdan Dykan, PhD Stu dent at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the So cio log i cal Fac ulty of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv Na tional University) “Qual ity of so cio log i cal data: The is sue that will never lose rel e vance” (Yelena Kovalska, As sis tant Lec turer at the De part ment of Meth od ol ogy and Meth ods for So cio - 180 Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 На уч ная жизнь 1 Charles Wright Mills (1916–1962), who coined the term “sociological imagination”, noted that it “enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. That is its task and its promise”. Со ци о ло гия: те о рия, ме то ды, мар ке тинг, 2019, 1 181 На уч ная жизнь log i cal Re search of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy, Taras Shevchenko Na tional University of Kyiv) “Life af ter the re port, or where and how a pol icy so ci ol o gist1 seeks mo ti va tion” (Inha Kozlova, As so ci ate Pro fes sor at the De part ment of So ci ol ogy of the Fac ulty of So cial Sci - ences at Ukrai nian Cath o lic University, Lviv) “So ci ol ogy and the fu ture” (Tetiana Stestenko, an in de pend ent re searcher, Kyiv) “Ar ti fi cial in tel li gence and so ci ol ogy in the “land of un learned les sons” (Anna Ta - shchenko, As sis tant Lec turer at the De part ment of So cial Struc tures and So cial Re la tions of the Fac ulty of So ci ol ogy, Taras Shevchenko Na tional University of Kyiv) OL’HA MAKSYMENKO, MA in Psychology, leading sociologist at the Department of Methodology and Methods of Sociology, Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv Received 26.02.2019 Внут рен не пе ре ме щен ные лица: ре а лии и пер спек ти вы 30 ян ва ря 2019 года в Укра ин ском кри зис ном ме диа-цен тре со сто ял ся пре сс- бри финг “Внут рен не пе ре ме щен ные лица: ре а лии и пер спек ти вы”2. Основ ная часть ме роп ри я тия была по свя ще на пре зен та ции и об суж де нию ре зуль та тов опро са Инсти ту та со ци о ло гии НАН Укра и ны 2015–2018 го дов, в ко то ром из уча лось от но - ше ние на се ле ния к внут рен не пе ре ме щен ным ли цам (ВПЛ) и, в час тнос ти, воз мож - нос тей и огра ни че ний по ли ти чес ко го учас тия пе ре се лен цев. Тема, при об ре та ю щая острую ак ту аль ность на ка ну не пре зи де нтских и пар ла ме нтских вы бо ров в Укра и не, вы зва ла ожив лен ную дис кус сию сре ди вы сту па ю щих и пред ста ви те лей пре ссы. Мо ни то ринг Инсти ту та со ци о ло гии НАНУ “Укра ин ское об щес тво” — еже год - ный об ще на ци о наль ный опрос на се ле ния, ко то рый с 2015 года осве ща ет ди на ми ку из ме не ний в от но ше нии на се ле ния к ВПЛ и оце ни ва ет суб ъ ек тив ный ин тег ра ци он - ный по тен ци ал об щин, при ни ма ю щих вы нуж ден ных пе ре се лен цев. Воп ро сы об от но - ше нии на се ле ния к ВПЛ, в час тнос ти, го тов нос ти мес тно го на се ле ния к вза и мо де й - ствию с пе ре ме щен ны ми ли ца ми на лич ном, про фес си о наль ном и граж дан ском уров - нях, за да ва лись рес пон ден там в те че ние 2015–2018 го дов во всех ре ги о нах Укра и ны за ис клю че ни ем Кры ма и ок ку пи ро ван ных тер ри то рий До нец кой и Лу ган ской об лас - тей. Каж дый год опра ши ва лось по 1800 рес пон ден тов в воз рас те от 18 лет. На уч ный со труд ник Инсти ту та Ека те ри на Ива щен ко пред ста ви ла при су тст - ву ю щим основ ные вы во ды ис сле до ва ния. Ре зуль та ты опро са под твер жда ют дан ные меж ду на род ных и от е чес твен ных орга ни за ций от но си тель но на прав ле ний вы нуж -  Е.Ива щен ко, 2019 1 Michael Burawoy defines policy sociology as “the application of professional sociology to the interests and problems of clients (organisations, agencies, corporations)”. 2 Пресс-бри финг про во дил ся при под дер жке Фон да “Де мок ра ти чес кие ини ци а ти вы” име ни Илька Ку че ри ва в рам ках Прог рам мы со де йствия об щес твен ной ак тив нос ти “При со е ди няй ся!”, ко то рая фи нан си ру ет ся Агентством США по меж ду на род но му раз - ви тию (USAID) и ре а ли зу ет ся Pact в Укра и не.
id nasplib_isofts_kiev_ua-123456789-182276
institution Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
issn 1563-4426
language English
last_indexed 2025-12-07T19:02:10Z
publishDate 2019
publisher Iнститут соціології НАН України
record_format dspace
spelling Maksymenko, O.
2021-12-24T17:12:15Z
2021-12-24T17:12:15Z
2019
Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich) / O. Maksymenko // Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг. — 2019. — № 1. — С. 172-181. — англ.
1563-4426
https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/182276
On 10 December 2018, the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Ukraine was proud to host an international conference in honour of two prominent figures in the field of philosophy and social sciences — Myroslav Popovich (1930-2018) and Natalia Panina (1949-2006). The theme of the conference, “The sociology of the future and the future of sociology in the 21st century”, was supposed to elicit views about what the future may have in store for this discipline, what sociology will be like in the century called by a perceptive scholar Yevhen Golovakha as early as 2001 a century of “escalating anthropogenesis”, what sociologists will soon have to deal with and what they should do in order to gain and retain a competitive edge.
en
Iнститут соціології НАН України
Социология: теория, методы, маркетинг
Научная жизнь
Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
Article
published earlier
spellingShingle Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
Maksymenko, O.
Научная жизнь
title Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
title_full Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
title_fullStr Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
title_full_unstemmed Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
title_short Sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (A conference in memory of Natalia Panina and Myroslav Popovich)
title_sort sketching a future for sociology and sociologists (a conference in memory of natalia panina and myroslav popovich)
topic Научная жизнь
topic_facet Научная жизнь
url https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/182276
work_keys_str_mv AT maksymenkoo sketchingafutureforsociologyandsociologistsaconferenceinmemoryofnataliapaninaandmyroslavpopovich