Імпорт або імітація: про особливості буджацької культури Північно-Західного Причорномор’я

• Published in: Археологія і давня історія України
• Date: 2020
• Main Author: Іванова, С.В.
• Format: Article
• Language: Ukrainian
• Published: Інститут археології НАН України 2020
• Subjects: Статті
• Online Access: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187386
• Journal Title: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Cite this: Імпорт або імітація: про особливості буджацької культури Північно-Західного Причорномор’я / С.В. Іванова // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2020. — Вип. 4 (37). — С. 182-198. — Бібліогр.: 37 назв. — укр.

Своєрідність матеріальної культури, перш за
 все — кераміки, дозволила дослідникам виділити
 особливу буджацьку культуру ямної культурно-історичної спільноти. Вирішення питання імпорту
 або місцевого виробництва деяких форм посуду дозволяє дійти висновку про наявність різноманітних
 та довготривалих зв’язків з культурами Центральної та Південно-Східної Європи, під впливом
 яких поступово склався керамічний комплекс буджацької культури. Specific feature of the cultural-historical genesis of
 the North-Western Pontic Region at the turn of the 4th
 to the 3rd mill. BC is manifested by relations of its population
 with a foreign cultural environment. This concerns,
 first and foremost, the Budzhak culture that is a
 component of the Pit-Grave (Yamna) cultural-historical
 region. The Budzhak culture represents connections
 with the Carpathian and Danube, the Corded Ware
 and the Globular Amphora cultures. The contacts were
 reflected in two aspects: imports, imitations and parallels
 in the Budzhak pottery and the occurrence of the
 Yamna burials found in other territories. Some forms
 of pottery and elements of its décor are rather surprisingly
 similar to central European groups of the Corded
 Ware culture. The analysis of the mainland culture of
 the Budzhak population enables us to assume the existence
 of contacts with the Corded Ware culture circle
 as early as in the first half of the 3rd mill. BC.
 The current state of research on the movement of
 Yamna cultural aspect towards west is also discussed
 in the paper. The recent genetic analysis results the
 link of Yamna and Corded Ware populations. They
 were treated as the evidence of direct massive migration
 of Steppe people into Central Europe. Archaeological
 data supporting this concept are few if any. The
 westernmost enclaves of Yamna culture rather indicate
 limited intrusion of specialized groups aimed at control
 of exchange routs and raw material extraction places.
 It is suggested that formation of Balkan-Carpathian
 variant of Yamna cultural-historical community is connected
 to the expansion of the tribes of the Budzhak
 culture of the North-West Pontic region. The western
 group of Yamna-Budzhac culture is distinctively different
 from «core» Yamna by typology of pottery while
 both aspects share the similar burial rites.
 The information obtained as a result of many years
 of excavations of barrows of the North-Western Pontic
 Region allow defining the Budzhak culture not only
 as a unique structural entity within the Yamna cultural-
 historical area but also as a mobile community
 opened to «cultural dialogue» and capable of long-distance
 migrations. Indications of that include imports,
 imitations, derivatives in the material complex, as well
 as the population’s westward movement to the Central
 European and Balkan-Carpathian Region.