Формування антропологічного складу населення України козацької доби. Степові впливи

• Опубліковано в: : Археологія і давня історія України
• Дата: 2020
• Автор: Рудич, Т.О.
• Формат: Стаття
• Мова: Українська
• Опубліковано: Інститут археології НАН України 2020
• Теми: Антропологія
• Онлайн доступ: https://nasplib.isofts.kiev.ua/handle/123456789/187395
• Назва журналу: Digital Library of Periodicals of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
• Цитувати: Формування антропологічного складу населення України козацької доби. Степові впливи / Т.О. Рудич // Археологія і давня історія України: Зб. наук. пр. — К.: ІА НАН України, 2020. — Вип. 4 (37). — С. 268-276. — Бібліогр.: 43 назв. — укр.

У статті на антропологічному матеріалі розглядається питання можливої участі вихідців з
 кочових груп у формуванні антропологічного складу населення України доби пізнього середньовіччя. The anthropological type of Ukrainians of Cossack
 Era was formed on the Old Rus anthropological substrate.
 They were mostly descendants of the inhabitants
 of former lands of Drevlyani, Volynyani, Tivertsy
 and partly Galichani. They were characterized by a
 combination of a broad face with a dolichocranial or
 mesocranial skull. People from non-Slavic groups, including
 ones from the steppe zone, also took part in
 the formation of the anthropological composition of the
 late medieval population of Ukraine. Mostly it was a
 population that was genetically related to the groups
 that had ancient roots in the Turkic-speaking world.
 It was characterized by a Zlivkin morphological complex
 (brachycranium, a relatively broad face that had
 a weakened horizontal profile at the top). The type is
 Caucasian, it was widespread in large areas occupied
 by the Saltovo-Mayatska culture. It was characteristic
 for the population of Khazaria, the medieval cities of
 Crimea, the plains of the North Caucasus, the southern
 Bulgarians. For the population of Volga Bulgaria, the
 appearance of this morphological complex is associated
 with the movement of the early Bulgarians genetically
 related to the Sarmatians.
 The type continued to dominate in some areas during
 the Golden Horde and after the Golden Horde Age.
 Its presence is recorded in the south of Ukraine and
 in Moldova. The infiltration of the descendants of this
 population into the Slavic environment of Ukraine took
 place in different ways.
 The source territories for it could be the Lower
 Dnieper and the Prut-Dniester interfluve. The time of
 infiltration is most likely the second half of the 13th—
 15th centuries. Single skulls which are characterized by
 a tall face with a sharp horizontal profile and can be
 associated with people from the North Caucasus are
 recorded in the late medieval cemeteries of Ukraine.
 Skulls with clearly defined Mongoloid features practically
 are not found in the late medieval Christian cemeteries
 of Ukraine. Groups of nomads with these features
 (from Cumans to Nogai Tartars) are anthropologically
 differ as far as possible from the population of Cossack
 Era Ukraine, which was buried in Christian cemeteries.